2025-2026学年湖南省部分学校名校联盟高三上学期9月英语试题

2025-2026学年湖南省部分学校名校联盟高三上学期9月英语试题一、阅读理解(★★)VolunteerwithPhillyFoodRescue(PFR)Inonehour,youcandosomethingtoreducefoodwasteandresourcelocalcommunity.DownloadthePhillyFoodRescueapptogetstarted.What’stheserviceopportunity?PFRisthesustainability,foodrecovery,anddonationsarmofShareFoodProgram.You’lluseyourowncar(orbike)torescueleftoverfoodfromagrocerystore,restaurant,orfarmers’market,deliveringittothematchednonprofittakers.Thoseincludeseniorcenters,shelters,schools,andmore.Youcanclaimaone-timeorweeklyfoodrescue.Whatdifferencedoesfoodrescuemake?PFRworkstoincreaseaccesstofreshfoodforourneighbors.Ourteamrecovershalfamillionpoundsoffoodeverymonththankstovolunteerslikeyou.Weresourcemorethan283partnersacrossPhiladelphia,itssuburbs,andSouthJersey,impactingfoodsecurityandsustainabilityeverydayoftheweek.What’srequired?●Ifdriving,adriver’slicenseandinsuranceareneeded.Forsmallerfoodrescues,abikemaydo.●Foodrescuevolunteersshouldbeabletoliftatleast30pounds.●Clearthetrunkandbackseattomakespaceforboxesorbagsoffood.●Completethefoodrescuewithinitsscheduledwindow.Additionalinformation:●PFRmatchesdonationswithinfivemilestokeepfoodlocal,honorvolunteers’time,andensurefoodsafety.●You’rewelcometobringafriendorchildasapassengertohelpwithloading,unloading,anddelivery.●Questions?AskBrittatbkorn@or(215)301-3734.1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodo?

A．Tocallonpeopletohelp.B．Toinformpeopleoffoodrescue.C．Tointroducewaysofvolunteering.D．Toentertainpeoplewithanewconcept.2.WhatdowelearnaboutPFRservice?

A．ItdonatestoShareFoodProgram.B．Itcoversthenationalseniorcenters.C．Itsrescueshaveappointedreceivers.D．Itsaimistohelpthestoresormarkets.3.Whatisrequiredofeveryvolunteer?

A．Medicalinsurance.B．Schedulingskills.C．Drivingexperience.D．Weightliftingpower.(★★★)InallthetimeI’vespentinChina,I’vehadmyshareofemotionalcrises.Ican’trememberwhichoneitwasinparticular,butIdorememberhowmyadopted“aunt”Lioncetookcareofme,tucking(塞被角)meupinanarmchairinherChengduapartment,bringingmeacupofgreentea,peelingandcuttingfruitforme,chattingaboutunrelatedmattersasshepreparedoneofherwonderfulSichuanesesuppers.LikemanyChinesepeople,particularlythoseoftheoldergeneration,shedidn’tshowherloveformebyhuggingorrequestingemotionaloutpourings,butthroughfoodandover-concern.Ittookmeawhiletobecomeusedtothiswayofexpressingaffection.AtfirstIfounditbrusqueandbossy:“Havesomeporridge!Drinksomesoup!Putonsomemoreclothes!”ButovertimeIcametounderstandwhatitmeant.Icanalwaystell,now,whensomeoneChineseisbecomingfondofmebecausetheystarttobecomeover-worriedaboutmyphysicalneeds,urgingmetoeatordrink,towrapupwarm,torest.Whenserious-facedchefbarksatmetohavesomemorebaoziforbreakfastorLipressesmetohaveanothermouthfulofherred-braisedpork,Iknowtheyareofferingmetheedibleequivalentofahug.FoodinChinacanmeanmanythings.Itisalsoartandcraftandmagic.Itistheslicesoffishthatfalllikesnowfromtheknifeofthechef,thesliversofmeatthatdanceintheshimmeringheatofthewok(炒菜锅),thegrainsofmilletorricethatswellinthesteamer.Itistheemploymentofarmiesofmicroorganismsintheclayvatofjiang(酱菜缸)orthewinejar,thecreatingofahundredflavorsinatinykitchen,thetransformationofnaturalrawmaterialsintonumerousforms.Itisfindingwaystogeneratedelightineverythingfromaduck’stonguetothepeelofanorange.Itisoneofthesupremeexpressionsofhumanwitandcreativity.Aboveall,itiswhatconnectsusandmakesushuman.4.Whydoesthewritermentionhermentaldistressatthebeginning?

A．Tocomparethedifferenceintwocultures.B．TointroducehowChineseexpresstheirlove.C．Tohighlighthowfragilethewriterusedtobe.D．Toremindreadersofthewriter’shomesickness.5.Whichoffollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“brusque”?

A．Abruptandsimple.B．Impoliteandbitter.C．Braveanddirect.D．Demandingandabusive.6.Howdoesthewriterdevelopparagraph3tofurtherexplainheridea?

A．Bymakingcomparison.B．Byofferingmoreexamples.C．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.D．Byclassifyingcookingmethods.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorintendtoconveythroughthetext?

A．Everyregionhasitsownspecialty.B．Foodisculture,andcultureisfood.C．WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.D．Theproofofthepuddingisintheeating.(★★★)MarinecommunitiestraveledtoAntarcticaduringtheEarth’swarmestphasein66millionyears,longbeforeamajorextinctionoccurred.Recently,ateamofresearcherscomparedbiodiversityandglobalcommunitystructure,andtheydiscoveredthatthecommunityfrequentlyrespondstoclimatechangemillionsofyearsbeforebiodiversitylossoccurs.Thestudyimpliesthatplankton(浮游生物)relocatedtocoolerplacestoescapethetropical(热带的)heat,leavingonlythemosthighlyspecializedspeciestosurvive.Thesefindingssuggestthatchangesonthecommunitysizewillbevisiblelongbeforeextinctions,andthatgreatereffortshouldbeputintomonitoringthestructureofmarinecommunitiestopotentiallyforecastfuturemarineextinctions.DrAdamWoodhousefromtheUniversityofBristol’sSchoolofEarthSciences,explained:“Consideringthreebillionpeopleliveinthetropics,thisisnotgreatnews.Biodiversityamongmarineplanktongroupshaschangedinthelast66millionyears,butnoonehadexploreditonaglobal,spatialscalethroughthelensofasingledatabase.”“WeusedtheTritondatasetthatIcreatedduringmyPhD,offeringnewinsightsintohowbiodiversityrespondsspatiallytoglobalchangesinclimate,especiallyduringintervalsofglobalwarmthrelevanttofuturewarmingpredictions.”Adamadded.Thefossilrecordofmarineplanktonisthemostcompleteandextensivedocumentofancientbiologicalchangesavailabletoscience.Byapplyingadvancedcomputationalanalysestothisdocument,researchersdetailedglobalcommunitystructureoftheoceanssincethedeathofthedinosaurs,revealingthatcommunitychangeoftenprecedestheextinctionoforganisms.Theteamintendstoapplysimilarstrategiestoadditionalmarineplanktongroupings.Thisstudyonlylookedatplanktonicforaminifera(有孔虫类);however,therearenumerousadditionalmicrofossilgroupsthatplaykeyrolesinmarinefoodwebstobeinvestigated.Theymustalsousehistoricalandcurrentpatternstoanticipatefuturecommunityorganizationwithnewclimatemodels.8.Whatisthemajorfindingofthestudy?

A．Tropicalplanktonadaptedtoextremeheat.B．Marineliferespondsearlierthanexpected.C．Fossilrecordspredictfutureclimatechange.D．Warmingcausesimmediatebiodiversityloss.9.Whatdoweknowfromparagraph3?

A．Fossilfuelusemustbestoppedimmediately.B．Oceanshippingtrafficneedstricterregulation.C．Geneeditingofplanktonmakesfortheirheattolerance.D．Monitoringmarinecommunitystructureshouldbeenhanced.10.WhatroledidtheTritondatasetplayintheresearch?

A．Predictfutureclimatemodels.B．Trackspecies’extinctiontimelines.C．Comparetropicalandpolarecosystems.D．Revealspatialresponsestoglobalwarmth.11.Whatwilltheresearchteaminvestigatenext?

A．Causesoftropicalextinctions.B．FormsoftheIceagecommunity.C．Samplesofothergroupsandmodels.D．Adaptationstrategiesofhumanbeings.(★★★★)ManypeoplehavewonderedwhychildrenbelieveinthingslikeSantaClausortheToothFairy,thinkingthatchildren’smindsareeasilyfooled.However,developmentalpsychologyoffersadifferentperspective.AstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyexploreshowchildrenreacttoideasthatgoagainstwhattheyusuallythinkandiftheychecktheseideasagainstwhattheyexpect.Thiswayofchecking,knownasthe“empiricalstance,”isapparentbythetimechildrenreachelementaryschool.Thestudyinvolvednearly200childrenaged3to8fromChineseschools.Eachchildwaspresentedwithfivedifferently-sizedobjectsmadefrompaintedRussiandolls.Thechildrennaturallyassumedthatthesmallestdollwasthelightestandthelargesttheheaviest.Whenaskedtoidentifytheheaviestobject,mostchildrenchosethelargestone.Anadulttheneitheragreedwiththechildren’schoiceormadeaclaimthatthesmallestdollwastheheaviest.Theresearchersobservedwhetherthechildrenwouldchangetheirmindsortesttheadult’sclaimbycomparingtheweightsofthedolls.Initially,childrenseemedtotrusttheadult’sword,withonlyasmallpercentageinsistingontheiroriginalbelief.However,whengiventheopportunitytoexplorethedolls,elementaryschoolchildrenwhohadreceivedthesurprisingclaimsystematicallytesteditbycomparingthesmallestandlargestdolls.Thisexplorationallowedthemtogenerateevidencethatcoulddenytheadult’sclaim.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhilechildrenarewillingtotrustanadult’ssurprisingclaims,theiracceptanceistemporary.Byelementaryschool,theysystematicallytestsuchclaimsbyseekingnewevidence,whichtheythenusetoupdatetheirbeliefs.Thestudy’simplicationsextendbeyondchildhoodMostadultsacceptcomplexconcepts,suchastheexistenceofelectrons,basedonthetestimony(证词)ofothersratherthanpersonalexperience.SowhilechildrenmaylearnaboutthemagicofSantaClausfromadults,adultsmightsimilarlyhavesomethingtolearnfromelementaryschoolchildren:mostofuswoulddowelltoadoptanempiricalstancemoreoftenthanwecurrentlydo.12.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A．Thetheoreticalbasisofthestudy.B．Theconclusionofthestudy.C．Thesignificanceofthestudy.D．Themethodologyofthestudy.13.Whichchild’sresponsematchestheempiricalstance?

A．Taylorbelieveswhattheteacher,saysnomatterwhat.B．Emmaassumesthewatermelonissweetandthentastesit.C．Jordanthinkstheearthisflatbecausehisfathersaysso.D．Mayasuspectstherearemonsterslivingintreesasthestorysays.14.Whatlessoncouldadultslearnfromchildren?

A．Learningfromtheirownexperience.B．Nevertrustinganyone.C．Decliningcomplexconcepts.D．Countingonothers’testimony.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?

A．Tohighlightadults’roleinchildren’seducationandgrowth.B．Toclarifyamisunderstandingaboutchildren’slearningability.C．Toadvocateforamoreempiricalapproachacrossallages.D．Toguideadultstohelpchildrenavoidwrongideasabouttheworld.(★★★★)Everyoneknowsthatittakes21daystodevelopanewhabit.Weprobablyowethisparticularexampleofpop-psychologywisdomtoMaxwellMaltz,theplasticsurgeonwhoclaimedtohaveobservedthatindividualswhohadhadanarmorlegcutofftookanaverageofonly21daystoadjusttothelossofalimb(肢体).16.Andthereforeitmusttake21daystochangeahabit,maybe,perhaps!17,asanewstudybypsychologistPhillippaLallyandhercolleagueshelpsconfirm.Onaverage,hersubjects,whoweretryingtolearnnewhabitssuchaseatingfruitdailyorgoingjogging,tookadepressing66daysbeforereportingthatthebehaviourhadbecomeunchanginglyautomatic.18.Itcouldn’tbejustaseasytostarteatingafewmoreapplesastostartfindingfivehoursaweektostudyChinese.Self-helpculturestickstothefictionofthe21-dayrule,probablybecauseitmakeshabitchangesoundbasicallyeasy.19.Ourbrainsaredesignedtotakeshortcuts,makingasmanybehavioursaspossibleautomatic.“Really,”asksthepsychologistIanNewby-Clark,“whatwouldbethepointofhavingahabitthatdidn’tfreeupyourmindtofocusonmorepressingmatters?”Habitsaremeanttobedifficulttochange.Anotherproblemisthatwetendtothinkabouthabitchangewrongly.Wewantto,say,stopwatchingsomuchTV,butontheotherhand,demonstrably,wealsowanttowatchlotsofTV—afterall,wekeepdoingit.We’restuckdeepinwhattheGreekscalled“akrasia”:decidingonthebestcourseofaction,thendoingsomethingelse.20.SimplystopwatchingTVislikedealingwithaleakybathroomtapbyrepaintingthekitchen.What’srequiredisanalternativewaytofeelrelaxedandhappy.Maybebylookingattheproblemdifferentlywecanslipoutofthem.

A．Thisis,ofcourse,nonsenseB．The21-dayruledoeshavesomescientificbasisC．WebelievethathabitsarepurelyamatterofwillpowerD．ThewayroundthisistoseethathabitsareresponsestoneedsE．Therefore,hereasonedthesamemustbetrueofallbigchangesF．Andsomehabits,unsurprisingly,wereharderthanotherstomakestickG．Oneproblemwiththisisdiscouraginglysimple:changinghabitsishard二、完形填空(★★★)SimonGriffithsisthefounderofWhoGivesACrap,acompanythathas________thetoiletpaperindustry.Hisjourneybeganwitha(n)________statistic—atoiletisnot________to2.4billionpeople,about40%oftheworld!WhilevolunteeringinAsiaandAfrica,Simon________organizationsdoingincrediblethingstohelppeoplethere,butthelackofsustainablefundinggreatly________theirwork.Inspiredbyhisexperienceindevelopingcountries,Simon________tosellgoodstomakeadifference.Butwhatshouldhesell?Oneday,Simonwalkedintothebathroomandagoodidea________him:hecouldselltoiletpaperanddonatehalfprofitstohelpfundorganizationsbuildtoilets.WhoGivesACrapwasborn.Toooften,peoplebuyproductsthat________totheirtastebutwithoutcleverpackaging,sohis________wastocreatesomethingthat________qualityandaesthetics(美学),sothatpeoplewouldwanttoputitintheirbathroom.Itwasnotbeyondtheir________thattheirgoodssoldwell.TheirdonationtoWaterAidAustraliahasgrownfromtheinitial2,00AUDto5.85millionAUD,theybecomingitslargest________.Wheninterviewed,Simonsaid“ItriedvariousjobsbeforeWhoGivesACrap.Butafterworkinginbothcorporateandnon-profitorganizations,I________Iwantedtocombinebusinesswithsocial________soIfoundthewaytouseprofitsfromeverydayproductstodogood________.”21.A．createdB．occupiedC．transformedD．disturbed22.A．interestingB．shockingC．obviousD．awesome23.A．invisibleB．sensitiveC．accessibleD．unique24.A．announcedB．witnessedC．imaginedD．suggested25.A．tookupB．weighedupC．heldbackD．appealedto26.A．revealedB．revisedC．resignedD．resolved27.A．annoyedB．struckC．botheredD．chose28.A．subscribeB．reactC．stickD．correspond29.A．intentionB．attitudeC．assumptionD．criterion30.A．ignoredB．combinedC．evaluatedD．adopted31.A．expectationB．descriptionC．passionD．occupation32.A．partnerB．clientC．opponentD．donor33.A．blamedB．deniedC．recognizedD．detected34.A．impactsB．careersC．prospectsD．conflicts35.A．globallyB．immediatelyC．appropriatelyD．individually三、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AteaculturesalonmaybethebestwaytoexperienceChina'steaceremoniesandcultureinoverseas36(locate)."TeaforHarmony”culturalsaloninBath,EnglandonFridaywasaimed37bothcelebratingInternationalTeaDay,whichfellonMay21andpromisingparticipantsanopportunity38(experience)teasandculturefromCentralChina'sHubeiprovince.TherepresentativegroupfromtheHubeiTeaAssociationbroughtthreetypesofteatobeenjoyedatthesalon:EnshiYulu,YihongBlackTea,andQingzhuanTea.Thehistoryoftheteasonoffer39(date)backmorethan1,000years,andthecraftingtechniquesofEnshiYuluandQingzhuanTeahavebecomenationalintangibleculturalheritages.Eachteawaspresentedwithits40(appeal)teaceremony,whereateamasterintroduceditsareaoforiginanditsdistinctcharacteristics,41demonstratedtheparticularwaytheteashouldbepreparedandappreciated.“Unique”,“delicate”and“wonderful”42(be)wordsBritishparticipantsusedtodescribetheirfeelingsduringtheteatastings.“TeaissuchanimportantpartofBritishculturethatwehaveanentiremeal43(create)thatwehaveentirelydedicatedtoourafternoontea.It'sveryimportantforusBritishtobeinBathinthisafternoon,44isthebestandmostelegantafternoonteadestination,”saidDianneFrancombe,CEOoftheBristolandWestofEnglandChinaBureau.“Fineteaismoreexpressivethanfinewine,andthatexperience,theflavorsanddelicacyoftea,issomething45(true)superb.IlookforwardtocontinuedfriendshipwithfriendsfromChinawheneveryouvisitthisregion.”四、书信写作(★★)46.假定你是学生会主席李华。你在某英语网站发现一位发帖者John对如何在日常学习中使用AI工具有着非常深刻的见解，请你跟帖留言，内容包括：1．告知他你正在筹备一个类似的在线讨论会；2．邀请他参加该讨论会并询问他具体的连线时间。注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJohn,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestregards!Yoursfaithfully,LiHua五、书面表达(★★★)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I’mnotknowntobeaparticularlyluckyperson.Raffles(抽奖),t-shirtcannons,radiocalls,randomroommateselections—noneoftheseeverseemtoworkoutinmyfavor.Butmyfortuneseemedtohitanall-timelowlastMonday.Thedaystartedniceenough.Iwenttowork,gotoffatfiveanddecidedtoheadtothebeach.Itwasswelteringhot,andIknewthecoolwatersofLakeMichiganwouldhelpwashawaymysweat.Thefirstsignoftroublewaswhenmycellphonenavigationstoppedworkingproperlyandshowedthewrongdirections.Iwasnewtotheareaanddidn’tquiteknowmywayaroundyet,soIendeduptakingawrongturnanddrivingthroughawebofneighborhoods,turninga10-minutedriveintoa40-minuteone.Butfine,Igetlostoften.Imadeittothebeacheventually.Tookaquickdipinthewater,