2022届山东省济宁市高三上学期开学考试英语试题解析版（不含听力音频）

2022届山东省济宁市高三上学期开学考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意:回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouttheplay?A.Thestory.B.Theending.C.Theactor.2.Whichplacearethespeakerstryingtofind?A.Ahotel.B.Abank.C.Arestaurant.3.Atwhattimewillthetwospeakersmeet?A.5:20.B.5:10.C.4:40.4.Whatwillthemando?A.Changetheplan.B.Waitforaphonecall.C.Sortthingsout.5.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Seeafilmwiththeman.B.Offerthemansomehelp.CListentosomegreatmusic.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhereisBen?A.Inthekitchen.B.Atschool.C.Inthepark.7.Whatwillthechildrendointheafternoon?A.Helpsetthetable.B.Haveaparty.C.Dotheirhomework.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Afamilyholiday.B.Abusinesstrip.C.Atravelplan.9.WheredidRachelgo?A.Spain.B.Italy.C.China.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howdidthewomangettoknowaboutthird-handsmoke?A.Fromyoungsmokers.B.Fromanewspaperarticle.C.Fromsomesmokingparents.11.Whydoesthemansaythatheshouldkeepawayfrombabies?A.Hehasjustbecomeafather.B.Hewearsdirtyclothes.C.Heisasmoker.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestsmokingparentsshoulddo?A.Stopsmokingaltogether.B.Smokeonlyoutsidetheirhouses.C.Reducedangerousmatterincigarettes.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WheredoesMichelleRaycomefrom?A.Amiddle-sizedcity.B.Asmalltown.C.Abigcity.14.WhichplacewouldMichelleRaytakehervisitorstoforshopping?A.TheZenGarden.B.TheHighlands.15.WhatdoesMichelleRaydoforcompletequiet?A.Gocamping.B.Studyinalibrary.C.Readathome.16.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutingeneral?A.Late-nightshopping.B.Asianfood.C.Louisville.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhydosomepeoplesaytheyneverhavedreamsaccordingtoDr.Garfield?A.Theyforgetabouttheirdreams.B.Theydon’twanttotellthetruth.C.Theyhavenobadexperiences.18.WhydidDavisstophavingdreams?A.Hegotaseriousheartattack.B.Hewastoosadabouthisbrother’sdeath.C.Hewasfrightenedbyaterribledream.19.WhatisDr.Garfield’sopinionaboutdreaming?A.Itisveryuseful.B.Itmakesthingsworse.C.Itpreventsthemindfromworking.20.Whydosomepeopleturnofftheirdreamscompletely?A.Tosleepbetter.B.Torecoverfromillnesses.C.Tostayawayfromtheirproblems.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ALOIEnglish—EnglishConversationClassesTakeEnglishconversationclasseswithnativeEnglish-speakingteachersfromtheUnitedStates,IrelandandAustralia,live,1-on-1.ThisisbyfarthebestwaytoimproveyourrealspokenEnglishandlisteningabilitiesandgettoalevelwhereyoucanuseitinreal-lifesituations.Ourteachersmainlycarryonconversationsaboutworkindifferentfields,suchasbusiness,finance,politicsandtravel.However,ifyoulike,youcanhavenormalday-to-dayconversationsaboutevents,weather,etc.Ifyouwouldliketolearnsomegrammarduringconversation,wecandothattoo!OurEnglishConversationclasses：•YourconversationswillalwaysbewithanativeEnglishspeaker.•Youcanchoosethetime,dayandteacherforeachclass.•Theclassesaremadeforeachstudentindividually.Theywillbeatyourlevel,studyingwhatyouneedandwhatinterestsyou.Packages10ClassesPackage$229.90Interestedintaking10,55-minuteconversationEnglishclasses?ScheduleafirstfreeclasswithLOIEnglishandtalktotheteacheraboutit.Afterthat,youcanarrangetotakeour10-classconversationEnglishcourse.20ClassesPackage$439,80Interestedintaking20,55-minuteconversationEnglishclasses?ScheduleafirstfreeclasswithLOIEnglishandtalktotheteacheraboutit.Afterthat,youcanarrangetotakeour20-classconversationEnglishcourse.1.Whatdotheclassesmainlyfocuson?A.Dailyconversations. B.Work-relatedtopics.C.Grammarrules. D.Area-basedaccents.2.WhichisNOTofferedtothestudents?A.NativeEnglish-speakingteachers. B.Personalizedcourses.C.Choiceofclasstimeandteacher. D.Offlinelearningmaterials.3.Whatshouldastudentdofirstifhedecidesoneitherofthepackages?A.ArrangeafreeclasswithLOIEnglish.B.BargainwithLOIEnglishforlowerfees.C.ChooseanexperiencedLOIEnglishteacher.D.Makeapromisetositthrougheachclass.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个英语会话课程的相关情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ourteachersmainlycarryonconversationsaboutworkindifferentfields,suchasbusiness,finance,politicsandtravel.(我们的老师主要进行不同领域的工作对话，比如商业、金融、政治和旅游。)”可知，这个英语会话课程主要聚焦于与工作相关的一些话题。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据OurEnglishConversationclasses中的“•YourconversationswillalwaysbewithanativeEnglishspeaker.•Youcanchoosethetime,dayandteacherforeachclass.•Theclassesaremadeforeachstudentindividually.Theywillbeatyourlevel,studyingwhatyouneedandwhatinterestsyou.(•你的对话总是和以英语为母语的人。•您可以选择上课的时间、日期和老师。•每个学生都有自己的课程。他们会和你的水平一样，研究你需要的和你感兴趣的东西。)”可知，线下学习材料不提供给学生。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后两段“Interestedintaking10,55-minute

conversation

English

classes?Scheduleafirstfreeclass

with

LOI

English

andtalktotheteacheraboutit.(对上20或55分钟的英语会话课感兴趣吗?用LOI英语安排第一堂免费课，并和老师谈谈。之后，你可以安排参加我们20班的会话英语课程。)”可知，在上课前，学生应和LOI

English

预约并安排一节免费课程。故选A。BWendyBennettwasappointedtheexecutivedirectorofAgSafefouryearsago.Initially,shewasunsureshehadtheskillsandabilitiesneededtodothejob.“Therewasnothingshortofterror,”shesaid.“Icertainlydidn'thavetheeducationalbackgroundforit,althoughIhaveagoodeducation.”Despiteseekingthehelpofaformalmentor(导师)，Wendystillfeltshecouldimprove—thisiswhenshedecidedshewantedtopursuefurthereducation.ShesawUFred'sExecutiveMBAprogramrunbytheCanadianSocietyofSafetyEngineering(CSSE),ofwhichsheisamember.Wendysaidthatalongwiththecoursework,learningfromherpeersandclassmatesandusingtheirexampleshelpedmakeherorganizationstrongerandbetter.WithherEMBAfromUFred,Wendybelievesshecannowperformherjobwithconfidence,andthatit'salsobenefitedthepeoplesheworkswith.“IreallybelievethatIhaveanopportunitytohelpmyorganizationtogrowandtobereallysuccessfulinthefuture,”shesaid.Wendy’sclassroomexperiencegavehertheconfidencetocommunicateeffectivelytoeverylevelofherorganization.Shealsoseesadifferenceinhowshedealswithnotonlystaff,butalsoinhowsheinteractswithboardmembers.Shesaidtheabilitytobeconvincingandspeakproperlywithregardstogovernanceandhowaboardofdirectorscanfunctionexcellentlyissomethingshepreviouslywasn'tasskilledin.“Icanworkwithmyboardofdirectorstodoabetterjobwithstrategicplanningtomoveourorganizationintothefuture,”shesaid.WhileWendyadmitstheEMBAprogramisalotofwork,it'ssatisfyingattheendoftheday.“Nothingworthhavingcomeseasily.Ithinkanybodywhowantstotaketheircareertothenextlevel,theyneedtohavethebroadrangeoftheeducationthatthisEMBAprovides,”sheadded.4.HowwasWendywhenappointedexecutivedirectorofAgSafe?A.Shefeltlackofability.B.Shewasfullofconfidence.C.Shewasproudofherself.D.Shefeltqualifiedoftheposition.5.WhywasherclassroomexperiencementionedinParagraph3?A.Toexplaintheimportanceoforganization.B.Toshowtheinfluenceofcommunication.C.Topraisetheeffectivenessofboardmembers.D.Tostresstheimprovementofherworkingability.6.Wendy'swordsinthelastparagraphserveas.A.anexplanationwhysomepeoplegrewhappyB.аnехаmрlеfоrоnе’ѕехресtаtіоnѕоfthеіrjоbC.adescriptionofpersonalvaluesandsocialhelpD.anstatementofeducationvaluesinone'scareergrowth7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Wendy'sexperience:overcomingdifficultiesB.Wendy'snewjob:theexecutivedirectorofAgSafeC.Wendy'sstory:findingconfidenceinanewroleD.Wendy'sclassroom:aplacewhichinspiresconfidence【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位职场女性Wendy一路走来的成长。从初被任命为执行董事时的担忧、缺乏自信，到后来在不断地学习中找到自信。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Initially,shewasunsureshehadtheskillsandabilitiesneededtodothejob.”（起初，她不确定自己是否具备做这项工作所需的技能和能力。）可知，当Wendy被任命为执行董事时，最初她觉得她是缺乏能力的，故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Wendy’sclassroomexperiencegavehertheconfidencetocommunicateeffectivelytoeverylevelofherorganization.”（Wendy的课堂经验让她有信心与组织的各个层面进行有效沟通。）可知，上完课后，Wendy的沟通能力加强，提及课堂经验是为了表明她从中提高了工作能力，故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ithinkanybodywhowantstotaketheircareertothenextlevel,theyneedtohavethebroadrangeoftheeducationthatthisEMBAprovides”（我认为，任何想在职业生涯上更进一步的人，都需要接受EMBA提供的广泛的教育）可知，这是在陈述教育价值在个人职业成长中的重要性，故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一位职场女性Wendy一路走来的成长。从初被任命为执行董事时的担忧缺乏自信，到后来在不断地学习中找到自信，由此判断本文的最佳标题为：温蒂的故事：在新角色中找到自信。故选C。CThehealthbenefitsofstayingactivearealreadywell-known.Itcanhelpyoumanageweight,keepbloodsugarlevelsdownandreduceriskfactorsforheartdisease.Now,anewstudysuggeststhatregularlyplayingsports,especiallybadmintonortennis,isnotonlyhealthybutalsoreducesyourriskofdeath,atanyage,byapproximately50%.Thisisabigscalepopulationstudytoexplorethehealthbenefitsofsportsintermsofdeathrate.Thestudyevaluatedresponsesfrom80,306adultsaged30andaboveinEnglandandScotland,whoweresurveyedabouttheirhealth,lifestyleandexercisepatterns.Afteradjustingfactorssuchasage,sex,weight,smokinghabits,alcoholuse,educationandotherformsofexercisebesidesthenamedsports,theresearcherscomparedtheriskofdeathamongpeoplewhotookpartinasporttothosewhodidn’t.Thepercentageofreducedriskofdeathwasfoundtobe:47%forracket（球拍）sports,28%forswimmingand15%forcycling.Inadditiontothis,thestudydidn’tfindanysignificantreductionintheriskforsportslikerunningandfootball.Thefindingsalsoexposedthatover44%oftheparticipantsmettheguidelinesfortherecommendedexerciselevelstostayfitandhealthy,whichamountsto150minutesofmoderate(适度的)physicalactivityinaweek.Doesthismeanyoustoprunningorplayingfootballandswitchtotennisinstead?Everykindofsportandphysicalactivityhasdifferentphysical,socialandmentalbenefitsattachedtoit.Theapparentlackofbenefitsofrunningandfootballcouldresultfromseveralvariablesthatwerenottakenintoaccount.Beingactivehelpsyoufeelhappierandlivelonger.So,themostimportantstepistotakepartinanykindofsportthatyouarelikelytoenjoyandfollowinthelongterm.8.Howisthestudyconducted?A.Bydoingcomparativeexperiments. B.Byanalyzingpreviousdata.C.Byevaluatingsurveyinformation. D.Bytrackingparticipantsforalongtime.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thenamedsports”referto?A.Ballsports. B.Racketsports.C.Individualsports. D.Traditionalsports.10.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph5?A.Fewpeoplewillplayfootball. B.Tenniswillbecomemorepopular.C.Theresultofthisstudyiswrong. D.Thestudyneedstobefurtherimproved.11.Whatdoestheauthoradvisepeopletodo?A.Sticktoanysportthatyoulike. B.Playbadmintonandtennisonly.C.Stoprunningandplayingfootball. D.Doanysportaccordingtoguidelines.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。研究表明，羽毛球和网球这样的球拍类运动最有助于减少死亡率，只要长期坚持喜欢的运动，保持积极心态，都会使你感到幸福。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thestudyevaluatedresponsesfrom80,306adultsaged30andaboveinEnglandandScotland,whoweresurveyedabouttheirhealth,lifestyleandexercisepatterns.”（这项研究评估了英格兰和苏格兰80306名30岁及以上成年人关于他们的健康，生活方式和运动模式的调查反馈。）由此可知，这个研究是通过评估调查问卷来进行的。故选C。【9题详解】词义猜测题。第二段开头提到打羽毛球和网球对减少死亡率的巨大作用，接下来的介绍用调查研究来证明这个结论。根据“Afteradjustingfactorssuchasage,sex,weight,smokinghabits,alcoholuse,educationandotherformsofexercise”可知，研究中评估了参与实验人员的年龄、性别、体重、吸烟习惯、饮酒、受教育程度以及包括指定运动在内的其他运动形式等因素。由此可知指的是段首提到的羽毛球和网球，再根据下文“47%forracketsports,”可知，thenamedsports指的就是羽毛球和网球。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Theapparentlackofbenefitsofrunningandfootballcouldresultfromseveralvariablesthatwerenottakenintoaccount.”（跑步和足球明显缺乏益处可能是由于没有考虑到几个变量造成的。）可知，这个研究没有发现跑步和足球明显的好处，可能是由于几个没有考虑到的变量造成的。这说明，这个研究还是有不足之处的地方，研究需要进一步改善。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“themostimportantstepistotakepartinanykindofsportthatyouarelikelytoenjoyandfollowinthelongterm”（最重要的一步是参加任何一种你可能喜欢并长期追随的运动。）可知，作者建议人们喜欢什么运动项目就参与什么项目，只要长期坚持就好。故选A。【点睛】DNASAhasflownanaircraftonanotherplanetforthefirsttime.OnMonday,April19,Ingenuity,a1.8-kilogramdrone(无人机)helicopter,tookofffromthesurfaceofMars,flewupaboutthreemeters,thenhoveredfor40secondsandtookphotosabovewithoneofitstwocameras.ThehistoricmomentwaslivestreamedonYouTube.“Wecannowsaythathumanbeingshaveflownadronehelicopteronanotherplanet,”saidMiMiAung,theIngenuityMarsHelicopterprojectmanageratNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratory,atapressconference.“We,together,flewatMars,andwe,together,nowhaveourWrightbrothersmoment,”sheadded,referringtothefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarthin1903.Thedetails:Theflightwasasignificanttechnicalchallenge,thankstoMars'sbone-chillingtemperatures(nightscandropdownto-130°F/-90°C)anditsincrediblythinatmosphere—just1%thedensityofEarth's.ThatmeantIngenuityhadtobelight,withrotorblades(螺旋桨)thatwerebiggerandfasterthanwouldbeneededtoachieveliftoffonEarth(althoughthegravityonMars,whichisonlyaboutone-thirdofEarth's,workedinitsfavor).TheflighthadoriginallybeenscheduledtotakeplaceonApril11butwasdelayedbysoftwareissues.Whyit'ssignificant:BeyondbeingasignificantmilestoneforMarsexplorationtheflightwillalsopavethewayforengineerstothinkaboutnewwaystoexploreotherplanets.Futuredronehelicopterscouldhelpastronautsbyscopingoutlocations,exploringinaccessibleareas,andcapturingimages.IngenuitywillalsohelpinformthedesignofDragonfly,acar-sizedronethatNASAisplanningtosendtoSaturn'smoonTitanin2027.What'snext:Inthenextfewweeks,Ingenuitywillconductfourmoreflights,eachlastingupto90seconds.EachoneisdesignedtofurtherpushthelimitsofIngenuity'scapabilities.Ingenuityisonlydesignedtolastfor30Martiandays,andisexpectedtostopfunctioningaroundMay4.ItsfinalrestingplacewillbeintheJezeroCraterasNASAmovesontothemainfocusofitsmission:GettingthePerseverancerover(毅力号火星探测器)tostudyMarsforevidenceoflife.12.WhydoesMiMiAungmentionWrightbrothers?A.TohonorthehistoriccontributionofWrightbrothers.B.TomakeacomparisonbetweenWrightbrothersandherself.C.TohighlighttheimportanceofIngenuity'sMartianexploration.D.ToremindthepublicofthefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarth.13.WhatcausedchallengesforIngenuitydesigners?A.Thedelayofsoftwaretests.B.TheforceofgravityonMars.C.Mars'stemperaturesandatmosphere.D.TechnicaldifficultyinliftoffonEarth.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“milestone”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Agreatvictory. B.Adifficulttask.C.Aroadsidestone. D.Ahistoricevent.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MarsDroneHelicopterMakesHistoricFirstFlightB.ModernWrightBrothersMoment:MarsExplorationC.FirstDroneHelicopterSpotsEvidenceofLifeonMarsD.Ingenuity:MarsDroneFliestoTakeIncrediblePictures【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人类第一部火星飞行无人机的相关细节、重要意义以及后续的探索计划。【12题详解】推理推断题。由第一段中的““Wecannowsaythathumanbeingshaveflownadronehelicopteronanotherplanet,”saidMiMiAung,theIngenuityMarsHelicopterprojectmanageratNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratory,atapressconference.“We,together,flewatMars,andwe,together,nowhaveourWrightbrothersmoment,”sheadded,referringtothefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarthin1903.(“我们现在可以说，人类已经在另一个星球上驾驶了一架无人驾驶直升机，”美国航天局喷气推进实验室独创性火星直升机项目经理MiMiAung在记者招待会上说。“我们一起在火星飞行，我们一起，现在有了我们的莱特兄弟时刻，”她补充说，指的是1903年地球上第一架动力飞机飞行)”和结合常识可知，莱特兄弟发明飞机是一件很重要的事，发言人MiMiAung提到莱特兄弟，是为了强调此次探索的重要意义。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Theflightwasasignificanttechnicalchallenge,thankstoMars'sbone-chillingtemperatures(nightscandropdownto-130°F/-90°C)anditsincrediblythinatmosphere—just1%thedensityofEarth's.(这次飞行是一次重大的技术挑战，这要归功于火星令人寒心的温度（夜晚可以降到-130华氏度/-90摄氏度）和难以置信的稀薄大气层——只有地球密度的1%)”可知，此次探索的主要的挑战来自温度和大气层。故选C项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。由第三段中的“Whyit'ssignificant:BeyondbeingasignificantmilestoneforMarsexploration,theflightwillalsopavethewayforengineerstothinkaboutnewwaystoexploreotherplanets.(重要的原因：这次飞行不仅是火星探测的一个重要milestone，还将为工程师们思考探索其他行星的新方法铺平道路)”可知，本句指这次飞行的重要历史意义，milestone指“历史性事件”。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段中的“NASAhasflownanaircraftonanotherplanetforthefirsttime.(美国宇航局首次在另一颗行星上驾驶飞机)”以及后文说明了本次飞行的重要性等，可知“火星无人驾驶直升机历史性首次飞行”符合文意。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoDealWithRudenessWhenyouencounterrudepeople,doyourbesttomaintainyourdignity.Thatmightmakethemmadder,butonlyyouhavecontroloveryourownbehaviorandhowyoudealwiththem.Andwhateveryoudo,neverlettheotherperson'sbadbehaviorprovoke(激起)youintothrowingyourowntemperoutburst.____16____●Showempathyandsympathy.Thisrequiresunderstandingwhythepersonisbeingrude.Forexample,ifsomeoneyellsatsomeoneelseinpublic(evenyou),youmightmentionthatyou'vehadroughdaystoo,andyoutotallyunderstandhowhe'sfeeling.Chancesare,thatwon'tcalmdownsomeonewhoisrudetothecore,butifit'samomentarylapse(一时的失误)inmanners,he'llprobablyapologize.Acceptitandmoveon.Ifhegetsangrier,letitgo.____17____●____18____Ifsomeoneyoucan'tgetawayfromisconsistentlyrudetoyou,haveaconversationandaddresstheissue.Askhimifherealizesthatthethingshesaysordoesshowalackofrespectforothers.Hemightnotrealizehe'sbeingrude.Ifhecares,he'llapologizeandtrytobemorepolite.____19____Ifhe'sacoworkerornext-doorneighbor,it'sdifficulttocompletelystayawayfromhim,butyoucanlimityourcontactasmuchaspossible.●Offerextrakindness.____20____However,ifyouareabletokeepyourheadupandsetanexample,sometimestheotherpersonwilleventuallycalmdownandfollowyourlead.Don'tcountonthishappening,butitmightbeworthashotifyoudon'thaveachoicebuttobearoundhim.A.Nothingisimpossibletotolerate.B.Callthepersonoutonhisbehavior.C.Ifhedoesn't,thenyouneedtoavoidthisperson.D.Herearesomewaysyoucantrytodealwiththem.E.Remember,youareonlyhumananditisOKtogetmad.F.There'snothingyoucandotostophimormakehimbehave.G.Thismightbedifficultorevenimpossibleiftherudenessismorethanyoucanbear.【答案】16.D17.F18.B19.C20.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论如何应对他人的粗鲁行为，共给出三个建议。【16题详解】由上一句“Andwhateveryoudo,neverlettheotherperson'sbadbehaviorprovoke(激起)youintothrowingyourowntemperoutburst.(不管你做什么，千万不要让别人的坏行为激怒你，让你自己发脾气)”，下文小标题“●Showempathyandsympathy.(表现出同理心和同情心)”和“●Offerextrakindness.(提供额外的仁慈)”可知，下文提出了应对他人粗鲁行为的三个建议，此处是首段段尾句，作为主旨句引出下文，提供三个建议，承接上下文，D选项“以下是一些你可以尝试处理它们的方法。”切题。故选D项。【17题详解】由上三句“Chancesare,thatwon'tcalmdownsomeonewhoisrudetothecore,butifit'samomentarylapse(一时的失误)inmanners,he'llprobablyapologize.Acceptitandmoveon.Ifhegetsangrier,letitgo.(很有可能，这并不能让一个粗鲁无礼的人冷静下来，但如果只是一时失礼，他可能会道歉。接受它，继续前进。如果他更生气，就让他去吧)”可知，此处是本段尾句，是该段的结尾，前文提到，如果对方道歉，接受他的道歉，让事情过去；如果对方更生气了，随他去，因为你没法改变他，承接上文，F选项“你不能阻止他，也不能让他乖乖听话。”切题。故选F项。【18题详解】此处是小标题句，作为整段的主旨句，根据该段段落主旨句“Ifsomeoneyoucan'tgetawayfromisconsistentlyrudetoyou,haveaconversationandaddresstheissue.Askhimifherealizesthatthethingshesaysordoesshowalackofrespectforothers.(如果一个你无法摆脱的人总是对你粗鲁无礼，那就和他谈谈并解决这个问题。问他是否意识到他所说或所做的事表明他对他人缺乏尊重)”可知，该段主要是让读者尝试与对方沟通，说出对方的无礼行为，以改变他的粗鲁行为，承接下文，B选项“把那个人的行为说出来。”切题。故选B项。【19题详解】由上三句“Askhimifherealizesthatthethingshesaysordoesshowalackofrespectforothers.Hemightnotrealizehe'sbeingrude.Ifhecares,he'llapologizeandtrytobemorepolite.(问他是否意识到他所说或所做的事表明他对他人缺乏尊重。他可能没有意识到自己很粗鲁。如果他在乎的话，他会道歉并尽量表现得更有礼貌)”和下一句“Ifhe'sacoworkerornext-doorneighbor,it'sdifficulttocompletelystayawayfromhim,butyoucanlimityourcontactasmuchaspossible.(如果他是同事或隔壁邻居，很难完全远离他，但你可以尽可能限制你的联系)”可知，上文讲针对“粗鲁行为的人是否意识到自己粗鲁行为”的反应，假设了一种回应就是粗鲁行为的人道歉并表现礼貌，下文却建议读者远离粗鲁行为的人，可得出该空应该会假设另一种相反的情况，即粗鲁行为的人没有道歉，读者应该怎么办，承接上下文，C选项“如果他没有，那你就要避开这个人。”切题。故选C项。【20题详解】由下两句“However,ifyouareabletokeepyourheadupandsetanexample,sometimestheotherpersonwilleventuallycalmdownandfollowyourlead.Don'tcountonthishappening,butitmightbeworthashotifyoudon'thaveachoicebuttobearoundhim.(然而，如果你能保持清醒的头脑，树立榜样，有时对方最终会冷静下来，听从你的领导。别指望会发生这种事，但如果你别无选择，只能和他在一起，那也许值得一试)”可知，下文讲此法难度高，从下一句的However可知，该句与下句呈转折关系，从三个建议的层次关系来看，属于容忍度越来越高的层次，Offerextrakindness是最高尚的一种应对方法，因此该句应选G，表明此法难度高，但若做到或许有很好的效果，承接下文，G选项“这可能是困难的，甚至不可能的，如果粗鲁是超出你的承受能力。”切题。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空内处的最佳选项。Alina’slifeasanangeloflovebeganinmiddleschool,when,intheplantingclubofherschool,shelearnedhowtogroweggplants.Fromthenon,shewas____21____ingrowingtheeggplants.Latershefoundabigpieceoflandinthehomebackyardtoplantseeds,hopingto____22____hercropinfall.Thiswas____23____thanitsounds.Shespentallhersparetimecaringfortheplantsandshebecamethinner.However,hergreatcuriositywork____24____.Muchmorethanthefamilycanconsume,shesuddenlyhadanideathatshesoldsomeeggplantsto____25____fundforlocalRescueCenterforBlindChildren.HerfatherBarretstronglysupportedher____26____,anddidsome____27____Alina’seggplants____29____well,thougheggplantsaren’ttheonlychoicewhenpeoplebuyvegetables._____30_____,theyknewtheearningswereforagoodcause.Withinaweek,thoseeggplantshelpedherraise$1,000!Herfatherandshe_____31_____everypennytothecenter.Whatshedidwasvery_____32_____tothecenter.Theheadsaidfundraising_____33_____muchtoprovidingtreatmentforblindchildrenandherdonationcanmakeadifference.Alinafeltveryhappy,planningtodoitwithherfamilyalloveragainnextyear!Inherwords,“Igetalotfromthis_____34_____,I’lltrymybesttousemyownhandshelptheblindchildreninthepoor_____35_____.”21.A.annoyed B.stressed. C.interested D.absorbed22.A.taste. B.show C.deliver D.harvest23.A.harder B.better C.longer D.cheaper24.A.sloweddown B.paidoff C.movedon D.fadedaway25.A.lent B.post C.return D.raise26.A.excuse B.problem C.plan D.hobby27.A.advertising B.shopping C.sharing D.caring.28.A.deal B.fish C.hit D.hand.29.A.planted B.looked C.grew D.sold30.A.Anyhow B.Afterall C.Somehow D.Aboveall31.A.withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciate32.A.helpful B.financial C.technical D.temporary33.A.contributes B.connects C.occupies D.removes34.A.ambition B.permission C.experience D.invitation35.A.stores B.families C.schools D.cities【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.D26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.B32.A33.A34.C35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小女孩Alina的故事。由于参加了种植俱乐部而对种植茄子产生了兴趣的Alina种出了很多茄子，已经超出家庭的消费，于是她想到卖掉茄子为救助中心的盲童筹钱。在父亲的支持下，她的计划成功了。她的捐款发挥了作用，也使得她自己认识到要积极地帮助更多的盲童。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，她就热衷于种植茄子。A.annoyed恼怒的；烦闷的；B.stressed紧张的；感到有压力的；C.interested感兴趣的；D.absorbed一心一意的。根据前文“intheplantingclubofherschool,shelearnedhowtogroweggplants(在学校的种植俱乐部，她学会了如何种植茄子)”提及她参加了种植俱乐部可知，Alina应是对种植产生了兴趣。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她在自家后院找到了一大块地，用来播种，希望秋天能收获作物。A.taste品尝；尝起来；B.show展示；表明；C.deliver发表；递送；D.harvest收获。根据后文宾语“hercrop”意为“她的作物”可知，她希望秋天收获作物。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A.harder更难的；B.better更好的；C.longer更长的；D.cheaper更便宜的。根据后文“Shespentallhersparetimecaringfortheplantsandshebecamethinner.(她把所有的业余时间都花在照料植物上，她变瘦了。)”可知，她付出了很多，这是一个辛苦的“种植”，做起来比听起来要难得多。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，她的好奇心得到了回报。A.sloweddown放慢；使放慢；B.paidoff还清；带来好结果；C.movedon继续前往；D.fadedaway褪色；逐渐消失。根据前文“Shespentallhersparetimecaringfortheplantsandshebecamethinner.(她把所有的业余时间都花在照料植物上，她变瘦了。)”可知，她付出了很多，而句首的转折副词“However”则说明付出也获得了好的回报。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：远远超过了家庭的消费能力，她突然有了一个想法，她卖掉了一些茄子，为当地的盲童救助中心筹集资金。A.lent借给；借出；B.post邮寄；公布；C.return归还；返回；D.raise增加；筹集。根据后文宾语“fund”意为“基金；资金”可知，应是筹集资金帮助盲童。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲巴雷特强烈支持她的计划，并在社交媒体上做了一些广告，但他没想到女儿的作物会大受欢迎。A.excuse借口；理由；B.problem问题；C.plan计划；D.hobby爱好。与前文“hadanidea”中“idea”相呼应，此空应是其同义表达，C项“plan”符合语境。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲巴雷特强烈支持她的计划，并在社交媒体上做了一些广告，但他没想到女儿的作物会大受欢迎。A.advertising广告；宣传；B.shopping购物；C.sharing共享；D.caring关爱。根据后文的状语“onsocialmedia”意为“在社交媒体上”可知，父亲应是在社交媒体上对女儿的计划进行了宣传。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲巴雷特强烈支持她的计划，并在社交媒体上做了一些广告，但他没想到女儿的作物会大受欢迎。A.deal大量；交易；B.fish鱼；C.hit很受欢迎的人（或事物）；D.hand手。根据后文“Withinaweek,thoseeggplantshelpedherraise$1,000!(一周之内，这些茄子帮她筹到了1000美元!)”可知，买茄子的人很多，她的茄子很受欢迎。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱丽娜的茄子卖得很好，尽管人们买蔬菜时，茄子并不是唯一的选择。A.planted种植；B.looked看；看起来；C.grew种植；成长；D.sold售卖。根据后文“Withinaweek,thoseeggplantshelpedherraise$1,000!(一周之内，这些茄子帮她筹到了1000美元!)”可知，茄子卖得很好。故选D项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析和副词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，他们知道这些钱是用来做好事的。A.Anyhow总之；不管怎样；B.Afterall毕竟；C.Somehow不知为什么；D.Aboveall首先。前文“thougheggplantsaren’ttheonlychoicewhenpeoplebuyvegetables(尽管茄子并不是人们购买蔬菜的唯一选择)”提及茄子并不是唯一的蔬菜选择，后文“Withinaweek,thoseeggplantshelpedherraise$1,000!(一周之内，这些茄子帮她筹到了1000美元!)”则讲到卖了很多钱，因此“____10____,theyknewtheearningswereforagoodcause”应是在解释原因，表达转折。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲和她把每一分钱都捐给了中心。A.withdraw撤回；取钱；B.donate捐赠；C.receive收到；D.appreciate欣赏；感激。根据后文为“everypennytothecenter(每一分钱都给中心)”可知，他们将钱捐了出去。故选B项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她所做的对中心很有