医学英语高频词汇06：急诊场景专项

医学英语高频词汇06：急诊场景专项一、急诊接诊与评估高频词汇1.核心动词（接诊流程）词汇音标中文释义场景例句Triage/triˈɑːʒ/v.分诊（n.分诊）Thenursewilltriagepatientsbasedontheseverityoftheirconditions.Assess/əˈses/v.评估Thedoctorneedstoassessthepatient'svitalsignsimmediately.Stabilize/ˈsteɪbəlaɪz/v.稳定（病情）WemuststabilizethetraumapatientbeforetransferringhimtoICU.Administer/ədˈmɪnɪstər/v.给予（药物/治疗）Theparamedicadministeredoxygentothedyspneicpatient.2.关键名词（评估指标）词汇音标中文释义搭配与扩展Vitalsigns/ˈvaɪtlsaɪnz/生命体征包含temperature（体温）、pulse（脉搏）、respiration（呼吸）、bloodpressure（血压）Symptom/ˈsɪmptəm/n.症状常见搭配：chestpain（胸痛）、dizziness（头晕）、syncope（晕厥）Complication/ˌkɒmplɪˈkeɪʃn/n.并发症例句：Diabetescanleadtoseverecomplicationslikekidneyfailure.Triagelevel/triˈɑːʒˈlevl/分诊级别国际通用：Level1（濒危）→Level5（非紧急）二、急诊常见病症词汇1.急性病症（按系统分类）系统病症词汇音标中文释义典型表现循环系统Myocardialinfarction/ˌmaɪəˈkɑːdiəlɪnˈfɑːrkʃn/心肌梗死（心梗）Chestpainradiatingtotheleftarm,sweating,shortnessofbreath呼吸系统Acuteasthmaattack/əˈkjuːtˈæsməəˈtæk/急性哮喘发作Wheezing,coughing,difficultybreathing神经系统Stroke/strəʊk/n.脑卒中（中风）Suddenweaknessononeside,slurredspeech,visionloss创伤系统Fracture/ˈfræktʃər/n.骨折Deformity,swelling,inabilitytomovetheinjuredlimb消化系统Acuteabdomen/əˈkjuːtˈæbdəmən/急腹症Severeabdominalpain,nausea,vomiting,fever2.危重症术语词汇音标中文释义急救关联Shock/ʃɒk/n.休克类型：hypovolemicshock（低血容量性休克）、septicshock（感染性休克）Cardiacarrest/ˈkɑːdiækəˈrest/心脏骤停急救措施：CPR（心肺复苏）、defibrillation（除颤）Respiratoryfailure/rəˈspaɪrətriˈfeɪljər/呼吸衰竭需机械通气（mechanicalventilation）支持三、急诊急救操作与设备词汇1.核心操作动词词汇音标中文释义操作场景Intubate/ˈɪntjubeɪt/v.气管插管Performedtosecuretheairwayinpatientswithrespiratoryfailure.Defibrillate/dɪˈfɪbrɪleɪt/v.除颤TheAED(自动体外除颤仪)isusedtodefibrillatepatientsincardiacarrest.PerformCPR/pəˈfɔːmˌsiːpiːˈɑː/实施心肺复苏CPRshouldbestartedimmediatelywhenapatienthasnopulse.Suture/ˈsuːtʃər/v.缝合（n.缝线）Thedoctorwillsuturethelacerationonthepatient'sforehead.2.常用设备名词词汇音标中文释义用途说明Ambulance/ˈæmbjələns/n.救护车Equippedwithoxygen,defibrillator,andbasiclifesupporttools.Emergencycart/ɪˈmɜːrdʒənsikɑːrt/急诊抢救车Containsmedications,syringes,andemergencyequipment(e.g.,intubationtubes)Monitor/ˈmɒnɪtər/n.监护仪Displaysreal-timevitalsigns(heartrate,bloodpressure,oxygensaturation)Oxygenmask/ˈɒksɪdʒənmæsk/氧气面罩Usedtodeliverhigh-concentrationoxygentohypoxicpatients.四、急诊常用缩写与短语1.高频缩写（急诊文书与沟通必备）缩写英文全称中文释义使用场景EREmergencyRoom急诊室"ThepatientwasrushedtoERwithsevereburns."AEDAutomatedExternalDefibrillator自动体外除颤仪"ThereisanAEDinthelobbyoftheemergencydepartment."ECG/EKGElectrocardiogram心电图"AnECGisrequiredtoruleoutmyocardialinfarction."IVIntravenous静脉内的"StartanIVlineandadministernormalsaline."(建立静脉通路，输注生理盐水)STATImmediately(fromLatin"statim")立即（紧急指令）"AdministerpainmedicationSTAT!"(立即给予止痛药)2.实用短语（医护沟通与患者告知）短语中文释义例句Ruleout排除（诊断）WeneedtoruleoutastrokewithaCTscan.KeepNPO禁食禁水（NothingbyMouth）Thepatientisscheduledforsurgery,sokeephimNPOaftermidnight.Followup随访Thepatientneedstofollowupwithacardiologistinoneweek.Admittohospital收入院Duetohisunstablecondition,wewilladmithimtothehospital.五、场景对话应用（巩固词汇）Doctor-NurseCommunicationNurse:"Wejustreceiveda55-year-oldmaleinER.Hecomplainsofchestpainandshortnessofbreath.Vitalsigns:BP90/60mmHg,HR110bpm,SpO288%."Doctor:"STATECGtoruleoutmyocardialinfarction.Administeroxygenviamask,startanIVwithnormalsaline,andstabilizehisvitalsigns.Preparetheemergencycartincaseofcardiacarrest."Doctor-PatientCommunicationDoctor:"Yourchildhasahighfeverandaseverecough.Weneedtoassessforacuteasthmaattack.Wewillgivehimabreathingtreatmentandmonitorhisoxygenlevel.Ifhisconditiondoesn'timprove,wemayneedt