2025-2026学年江苏省南通市如皋市某中学高二上学期9月综合测试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省南通市如皋市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期9月综合测试英语试题第一部分：听力(略)2第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AVolunteerbysupportingalocalanimalrescuecenterinCostaRica!Ifyoulikeanimalsandarealsointerestedinpreservingtheenvironment,youwillbeperfectforthisprogram.Youwillbehelpingoutinandsupportingalocalanimalshelter.Notonlydoesthissheltertakeinhomelessanimals,butalsowildanimalswhichareinbadcondition.Inadditiontothecaretakingoftheanimals,volunteershelpuswelcomevisitorsattheentranceandansweranyquestionsthatvisitorsmayhaveabouttheshelteroritsanimals.Asvolunteersspendmoredaysintheshelter,knowledgeaboutwildlifemanagementwillgrow.Requirements＊Youneedtobeatleast15yearsoldontheprogramstartdateatthehighschoollevelorabove.＊SpeakingEnglishisabasicrequirement.＊Norestrictionsonnationality.HelpinghandsbothinCostaRicaandbeyondarewelcome.＊Yourhelpinghandwillberequiredfrom09:00to15:00onMonday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,SaturdayandSunday.Programfees＊Bookingpayments(15%):Thebookingpaymentissimplytoreserveyourvolunteerplacement.PaymentismadebyPayPal.Youcanalsopayusingacreditcard.＊Finalpayments(85%):YourfinalpaymentwillbeagreedwithVolunteerNowCostaRicaduringtheapplicationprocess.1.Whatcanavolunteerdointherescuecenter?A.Communicatewithvisitors. B.Gettrainedtoplaceanimals.C.Givelecturesaboutanimals. D.Searchforhomelessanimals.2.Whocanvolunteerintheprogram?A.AFrench-speakingadult. B.Aprimaryschoolchild.C.AcollegestudentfromAmerica. D.AlocalpersonfreeonFridays.3.Howmuchshouldavolunteerpayatleasttomakeareservation?A.$52.5. B.$105. C.$297.5. D.$350.B“Itwaswritteninsomesense,”SophieBlake,aphysicsprofessor,wouldendupinobservationalcosmology—thestudyoftheoriginanddevelopmentoftheuniverseusingspecializedtelescopes.“I’mnotgoingtolie.Myfatherwasaphysicist.Mymother’sanastronomer.Butnokidwantstobeliketheirparents,”shejokes,semi-seriously.Blakealwaysenjoyedbuildingthingslikeachildengineer.Itwasn’tunusualforhertoexperimentwithherfather’sresearchequipment.Shethanks,inpart,hershortattentionperiodforherinquisitiveness,“Iamalwayslookingforsomething.”Forthelastfewyears,Blakehasbeensearchingforsignsoftheuniverse’searlyexistence—fromthebirthofthefirststarstothe“cosmic(宇宙的)darkages”—andshe’sbuildingherownequipmenttoexplorebeyondtheknownuniverse,focusingonitsdistantpastwithnovelradiotechnology.Since2017,BlakeandherteamhavebeenengineeringandplantingradiotelescopesintwooftheEarth’smostremote(andquietest)locationsforthebestshotathearingtheearliestvoiceoftheuniverse.Initially,BlakeplannedaPhDinparticle(粒子)physicsbutswitcheddirectionafteravisittoalabwithmessyequipmentandtoolseverywhereattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.“Ididn’tknowaboutobservationalcosmologythenbutthought,‘Whateverthisis,Iwanttodothat.’”ShespentayearattheAmundsen-ScottSouthPoleStation,afterconductingexperimentsofaballoon-bornemicrowavetelescopelaunchedfromMcMurdo.“Thatreallyinspiredmyloveforremoteplaces,”shesaid.Eventually,shewantedtoengineerherowninstruments.AfterheryearattheSouthPole,shejoinedtheUniversityofKwaZulu-NatalinSouthAfrica.Atthattime,thesitedecisionwasmadeforthelargestradiotelescopegrouponEarth.“ThiswasalsoaleapoffaithbecauseIreallycouldn’tcontinuetheworkIwasdoingbefore.”Blakerecalls.“IhadneverdoneradiobeforebutIthought,‘Letmegivethisatryandseehowitgoes.’”4.WhatcanweinferfromBlake’sjokeinparagraph1?A.Shefollowsinherparents’footsteps. B.Shedevelopsaninterestintelescopes.C.Sheliesaboutherparents’professions. D.Shelivesuptoherparents’expectations.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inquisitiveness”inparagraph2mean?A.Talent. B.Courage. C.Curiosity. D.Intelligence.6.WhatstimulatedBlake’spassionfordistantplaces?A.Hervisittoalabinauniversity. B.Herwishtobuildherownequipment.C.Herfaithinhearingthecosmicsound. D.HerexperienceataSouthPoleStation.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBlake?A.Confidentandcaring. B.Generousandoptimistic.C.Modestandopen-minded. D.Adventurousanddetermined.CHugepilesofresearchondietarepublishedannually.Themostshockingofthesegetreportedinthemedia.Allclaimtobebasedonthelatestresearchandeachclaimstoprovethelaststudywrong.Doscientistsreallynotknowwhat’sgoodforus,oristhenewsreporttoblamefortheconfusion?Misleadingmediacoverageplaysarole,butpublicationbias(偏见)isonemajorsource:studiesthatshowsurprisingresultsaremorelikelytogetpublished.“Whatyouseepublishedinthenightlynewsistheendresultofasystemwhereeveryoneisencouragedtocomeupwithapositiveresult,”saysVinayatOregonScienceUniversity.Onewaytogetaroundthisproblemistoconductlarge,randomizedcontrolledtrials,whichinvolverandomlyassigningparticipantstodifferentgroupstocontrolvariables.Butthesekindsofstudiesaredifficulttodoforfoods,asfewwouldriskeatinghabitsonchance;fewerstillsustainchangeslongenoughtobenefit.Instead,nutritionscientistsusuallyobservewhatpeopleeatbyaskingthemtofilloutfooddiaries,andthentrackthehealthofparticipantsoveragivenperiodoftime.Inthese“observational”studies,peopletracktheirdietswhilegoingabouttheirlives.Differencesbetweensubjectsinwhattheydooutsideofmealtimescanmakeallthedifference.Peoplewhoeatwhatisseenasanunhealthydiet—withmorefastfood,forinstance—mighthaveunhealthylifestylesinotherways,suchassmoking.Consequently,dietaryeffectsarehardtosetapart.Becauseofthesedifficulties,eventoday’smostrecommendeddietaryadvicelacksgoodqualityevidence.Thisdoesn’tmeanwecaneatasmuchcakeaswelike.Butitdoessuggestthatwithinlimitsofcommonsense,onewayofeatingisaboutasgoodasanother.Whileadmittedlysimpleadvice,itremovesthepressuretoconstantlyrunafterthelatestamazingdietorfearseeminglyharmfulfoods.Withinreason,trustingyourstomachismostlyfine.8.Whatphenomenonispresentedinparagraph1?A.Scientistsfailtofigureouttruth. B.Newsspreadsconfusiononpurpose.C.Researchondietastonishespeople. D.Mediareportsconflictingdietstudies.9.Whichofthefollowingnewsitemssuggestspublicationbias?A.Chocolateunexpectedlyaidsweightloss. B.Calorierestrictionhelpstoslowaging.C.Effectsofzerofatdietrequirefurthertests. D.Wholegraindietimproveshearthealth.10.Whatdoparagraphs3and4mainlydiscuss?A.Thereliabilityofself-reporteddietdata. B.Howlong-termdiettrackingimproveshealth.C.Themainproblemsinstudyingdietaryeffects. D.Howlifestylefactorsaffectdietresearchresults.11.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforfoodchoice?A.Avoidpotentiallyunhealthyfoods. B.Consumevarietiesoffoods.C.Countonthelatestdietaryadvice. D.Followbodysignalssensibly.DAsmokebombfromapartystartedamajorblaze(火焰)nearLosAngelesinSeptember,justoneofmanyrecentwildfiresignited(引燃)bypeople.Now,ananalysisofsatellitedatashowshuman-causedblazesspreadmuchfasterandkillmoretreesthanonesignitedbylightning.FirehasalwaysbeenapartofCalifornia’snaturalhistory.Butseveralcenturiesofhumansettlementhavecreatednewconditionsthatpromoteitsspread.Studieshaveshownhumanignitionistoblamefor84%ofallwildfiresintheUnitedStates,and97%ofallthosethatthreatenhomes.Human-causedfiresalwaysseemedmoreextreme,saysStijnHantson,afireecologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,wholedthenewresearch.Butmeasurementsofhowfasttheyspreadandtheirimpactsonecosystems(生态系统)inCaliforniahadnotbeenexplored,henotes.Toexaminethosedifferences,Hantsonandhiscolleaguesanalyzedsatellitedatafor214wildfiresinCaliforniabetween2012and2018.Human-causedfirestypicallyspreadabout1.83kilometersperday,morethantwiceasfastaslightning-ignitedburns,theteamreports.Thefasterspreadingfiresalsoburnedmoreviolentlyandkilled“doubleortriple”thetreesaslightning-causedones.However,thereisnofundamentaldifferenceinthechemistryofahuman-causedblaze.“Afireisafire”Hantsonsays.“It’sthesurroundingthingsthatmatter.”Causesoffiresrangingfromimproperlythrowncigarettestosparking(冒火花)powerlinescouldigniteablazeonanygivenday,hesays,whilelightningstrikesanddrythunderstormsonlyhappenseasonally.Theresearcherstrackedmeteorologicaldataandfoundthathuman-causedfiresweremorelikelytostartondayswithextremeweatherconditions,andweremoreassociatedwithdrier,less-forestedlandscapes.Thisaddstoscientists’understandingofhowhumansareextendingthefireseason,saysNathanMietkiewicz,anecologistwiththeNationalEcologicalObservationNetwork.12.Theauthorusessomedatainparagraph2toshowthat________.A.wildfiresaremostlycausedbyhumansB.mostwildfiresthreatenpeople’shomesC.wildfireisapartofCalifornia’snaturalhistoryD.wildfiresbreakoutfrequentlyintheUnitedStates13.What’sthepurposeofHantson’sresearch?A.Toprovehowextremehuman-causedfiresare.B.Tofindoutthecausesandsolutionsofwildfires.C.Toexplorethespeedandeffectsofwildfirescausedbyhumans.D.Toexaminethedifferencesbetweenahuman-causedblazeandanature-causedone.14.Howistheresultpresentedinparagraph4?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.D.Bygivingdefinitions.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Human-causedfiresandlightning-causedfiresarebasicallydifferent.B.Lightningstrikesandthunderstormscanalwaysleadtowildfires.C.Wildfiresonlyhappenindry,less-forestedareas.D.Humansaretoblamefortheextendedfireseason.6第二节(共5个小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inaworldsurroundedbybadnews,itmayfeellikeanunhappyplacesometimes.____16____Ifyoumakeevenonepersonsmiletoday,youcanhelpmakethisworldabetterplace.Hereisalistofideastohelpyou.____17____InthisdayandagewhereeverythingissentviatheInternet,it’sashocktoreceivealetterthroughthepost.Puttingpentopaperandwritingafewwordstoafriendcanbeaneasywaytomakeapositiveimpact.Requiringsometimeandresearchtofindtheperfectproject,volunteeringisoneofthenicestthingsyoucando.Whetheryouvolunteeratyourlocalyouthgrouportakedogsfromsheltersforawalk,thesimplefactthatyouaregivingupyourtimetohelpsomeoneelseisincredible.Therearesomanyopportunitiesforyoutodovolunteeringwork.____18____Tellsomeone“Iloveyou.”____19____Andyoudon’tevenhavetosay“Iloveyou.”Perhapsyoucantellafriendthatyouappreciatealltheyaretoyou,orremindyourmumthatit’sherbirthday.Sometimes,inourbusylivesweforgettotakeamomenttotellpeoplewhattheymeantous.____20____Whetheryou’recreativeornot,takingtimetomakesomethingforsomeoneelseshowshowmuchyouappreciatethem.Evenifyouthinkyou’renotcreative,therecipientwillfeelluckytogetsuchauniquegiftthatyouputyourprecioustimeinto.Someideascouldincludeacard,painting,drawing,song,poemorcake!A.Itcanbeanyone.B.However,youcanmakeadifference.C.It’sasurprisetosendahandwrittenletter.D.Soyouaresuretofindonethatisrightforyou.E.Anditdoesn’tnecessarilyhavetotakeupallyourlife.F.Makingsomethingforaspecialpersonisalwaysunique.G.Evenapostcardwithacoupleofsentencescouldreallymakesomeone’sday.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出填入空白处的最佳选项。Severaldaysago,I,anintern(实习医生),hadgotabreakforonehourfrommysurgery.Forafewstuffto___21___about,Idecidedtomeetmymentor.Whenpassingbythehall,Isawmanypeople___22___upbeforeacounter.Amansittingaway___23___calledout,andimmediatelyawomaninthelinesteppedout.Unfortunately,whenshewentback,herplacewasalready___24___byothers.Isawdisappointmentandworryonherface.Iwenttoherandaskedwhathadhappened.Theconcernedwoman___25___thatherfatherwasseverelypainfulandnoonewaswithhimwhileshewasdoingtheformality(手续).Learningthat,Iofferedtohelpandtheoldmanwasfinally___26___tohospital.___27___,Iwaslateforthemeetingandgotharshlyscoldedbymymentor.Icameoutinaterrible___28___whenIheardafemalevoicefromtheback.“Doctor?”ThewomanIhelpedcametomewitharadiationof___29___onherface.Icouldseethepleasure____30____inherwords.Butshe____31____myfrustrationandinsistedonaskingmethereason.Ihadtotellherthe____32____.Thenshequicklydraggedmetothediscussionroomandtoldthementoreverything.Weallcameoutwitha____33____smile.Sometimesthesesmallthingswhichwedoforothers____34____alotforbothsides.Inthisbusydailylifeourtimewespentforothersdoesn'taffectourschedulesmuchbutitactslikeagluewhich____35____thebrokenfaith.21.A.hear B.consult C.quarrel D.debate22.A.cheering B.queuing C.dressing D.covering23.A.inpanic B.invain C.inpain D.incharge24.A.registered B.emptied C.sold D.occupied25.A.resolved B.complained C.stated D.anticipated26.A.admitted B.brought C.attached D.transported27.A.Surprisingly B.Cautiously C.Unfortunately D.Unbelievably28.A.condition B.danger C.mess D.mood29.A.preparation B.gratitude C.celebration D.combination30.A.flowing B.disappearing C.weakening D.starting31.A.detected B.acknowledged C.overestimated D.comprehended32.A.process B.truth C.consequence D.impact33.A.broad B.special C.uncommon D.abnormal34.A.strikes B.integrates C.accommodates D.matters35.A.recaptures B.reconnects C.represents D.reserves第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Facingthefiercecoldwindoflateautumn,alargenumberofcollegestudentsareridingsharedbicyclesfromZhengzhoutoKaifeng,inspiredbythedesire___36___(taste)thefamoussoupdumplingsofKaifeng.Thetravellingmodequicklywentviralamongtheirpeers,sparking___37___waveofinterestinthismodeoftravel.Kaifeng,withitsrichhistoryandculture,offersnumerousattractions,fromthenightmarketsfilledwithlocaldelicacies___38___theancientcitywalls.Suchanexperiencecanonlybe___39___(true)appreciatedthroughsuchanintimatemodeoftravel,___40___theyareimmersingthemselvesinthelocalculture.Asonestudentputit,“It’snotjustaboutthedestination,___41___thejourneyitselfthatmakesthetripworthwhile.”Atfirst,officialshadencouragedthecraze.Although___42___(see)asgoodforbusinessandtourism,thewelcomequicklyturnedintocriticism.OnFridaynight,photosandvideosshowedbikesfillingupamulti-laneroadbetweenthetwocities,withcarssqueezedtothesidesandthecrowd___43___(stretch)formiles.Bythen,thetrend___44___(spread)wildly,drawing____45____(participate)ofallagesfromcitiesacrossthecountry.8第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你校英文报正举行“Me&Art”为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍你的一项艺术爱好，内容包括：1.你的艺术成长经历；2.该爱好对你的影响。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请在答题纸的相应位置作答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节：读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasearlyautumnwhentheschoolorganizedaweekendcampingtriptoanearbymountainforest.Theairwascrisp,theleaveswereturninggolden,andthestudentswerebuzzingwithexcitement.Afterweeksofstudyingandexams,everyonewelcomedthechancetoenjoynatureandrelaxoutdoors.Amongthestudentswerefourclosefriends:Leo,Eric,Jason,andAlice.Thoughtheirpersonalitieswerequitedifferent,theymadeagreatteam.Alice,theonlygirlinthegroup,wassmartandwell-prepared.Shehadbroughtalongacompass,amap,andevenafirst-aidkit.Afterarrivingatthecampsite,thestudentspitchedtheirtents,gatheredfirewood,andhelpedprepareasimplemeal.Thecampsitewassurroundedbytallpinetrees,andinthedistance,amountainstreamcouldbeheard.Theteachersremindedeveryonetostaywithinthemarkedareaandnevergooff-trailalone.Afterlunch,thestudentswereallowedtoexploreinsmallgroups.Leo’sgroupdecidedtofollowatrailleadingupahill.AccordingtoAlice,therewasasmalllookoutpointthatofferedabeautifulviewofthevalley.Astheywalked,Jasonkeptrunningahead,callingtheotherstohurry.“Let’sseewhat’supthere!”heshouted.Alicefollowedcloselybehind,holdingthemap.Leowalkedatasteadypace,checkingthatnoonefellbehind.Ericlaggedattheend,clearlynervousaboutbeingsodeepintheforest.Thepathbecamenarrowerastheyclimbed.Birdschirpedinthetrees,anddryleavescrunchedundertheirshoes.Thesunlightfilteredthroughthebranchesabove,castingdancingshadowsontheground.Afteraboutanhour,theyreachedtheedgeofarockyareacoveredinleaves.Thetrailbegantotwistmorethanexpected,andmanylandmarkstheypasseddidn’tmatchwhatwasonthemap.“Ithinktheviewpointisjustbeyondthisslope(斜坡),”Jasonsaid,pointingexcitedly.Leolookeduncertain.“Let’sbecareful.Itlooksslippery.”Butbeforeanyonecouldstophim,Jasonhadalreadyclimbedahead.注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Justashereachedthetopoftheslope,hisfootslipped.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withthefirstaidfinished,theyrealizedanewchallenge:howtogetback.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________江苏省南通市如皋市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期9月综合测试英语试题第一部分：听力(略)2第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AVolunteerbysupportingalocalanimalrescuecenterinCostaRica!Ifyoulikeanimalsandarealsointerestedinpreservingtheenvironment,youwillbeperfectforthisprogram.Youwillbehelpingoutinandsupportingalocalanimalshelter.Notonlydoesthissheltertakeinhomelessanimals,butalsowildanimalswhichareinbadcondition.Inadditiontothecaretakingoftheanimals,volunteershelpuswelcomevisitorsattheentranceandansweranyquestionsthatvisitorsmayhaveabouttheshelteroritsanimals.Asvolunteersspendmoredaysintheshelter,knowledgeaboutwildlifemanagementwillgrow.Requirements＊Youneedtobeatleast15yearsoldontheprogramstartdateatthehighschoollevelorabove.＊SpeakingEnglishisabasicrequirement.＊Norestrictionsonnationality.HelpinghandsbothinCostaRicaandbeyondarewelcome.＊Yourhelpinghandwillberequiredfrom09:00to15:00onMonday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,SaturdayandSunday.Programfees＊Bookingpayments(15%):Thebookingpaymentissimplytoreserveyourvolunteerplacement.PaymentismadebyPayPal.Youcanalsopayusingacreditcard.＊Finalpayments(85%):YourfinalpaymentwillbeagreedwithVolunteerNowCostaRicaduringtheapplicationprocess.1.Whatcanavolunteerdointherescuecenter?A.Communicatewithvisitors. B.Gettrainedtoplaceanimals.C.Givelecturesaboutanimals. D.Searchforhomelessanimals.2.Whocanvolunteerintheprogram?A.AFrench-speakingadult. B.Aprimaryschoolchild.C.AcollegestudentfromAmerica. D.AlocalpersonfreeonFridays.3.Howmuchshouldavolunteerpayatleasttomakeareservation?A.$52.5. B.$105. C.$297.5. D.$350.B“Itwaswritteninsomesense,”SophieBlake,aphysicsprofessor,wouldendupinobservationalcosmology—thestudyoftheoriginanddevelopmentoftheuniverseusingspecializedtelescopes.“I’mnotgoingtolie.Myfatherwasaphysicist.Mymother’sanastronomer.Butnokidwantstobeliketheirparents,”shejokes,semi-seriously.Blakealwaysenjoyedbuildingthingslikeachildengineer.Itwasn’tunusualforhertoexperimentwithherfather’sresearchequipment.Shethanks,inpart,hershortattentionperiodforherinquisitiveness,“Iamalwayslookingforsomething.”Forthelastfewyears,Blakehasbeensearchingforsignsoftheuniverse’searlyexistence—fromthebirthofthefirststarstothe“cosmic(宇宙的)darkages”—andshe’sbuildingherownequipmenttoexplorebeyondtheknownuniverse,focusingonitsdistantpastwithnovelradiotechnology.Since2017,BlakeandherteamhavebeenengineeringandplantingradiotelescopesintwooftheEarth’smostremote(andquietest)locationsforthebestshotathearingtheearliestvoiceoftheuniverse.Initially,BlakeplannedaPhDinparticle(粒子)physicsbutswitcheddirectionafteravisittoalabwithmessyequipmentandtoolseverywhereattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.“Ididn’tknowaboutobservationalcosmologythenbutthought,‘Whateverthisis,Iwanttodothat.’”ShespentayearattheAmundsen-ScottSouthPoleStation,afterconductingexperimentsofaballoon-bornemicrowavetelescopelaunchedfromMcMurdo.“Thatreallyinspiredmyloveforremoteplaces,”shesaid.Eventually,shewantedtoengineerherowninstruments.AfterheryearattheSouthPole,shejoinedtheUniversityofKwaZulu-NatalinSouthAfrica.Atthattime,thesitedecisionwasmadeforthelargestradiotelescopegrouponEarth.“ThiswasalsoaleapoffaithbecauseIreallycouldn’tcontinuetheworkIwasdoingbefore.”Blakerecalls.“IhadneverdoneradiobeforebutIthought,‘Letmegivethisatryandseehowitgoes.’”4.WhatcanweinferfromBlake’sjokeinparagraph1?A.Shefollowsinherparents’footsteps. B.Shedevelopsaninterestintelescopes.C.Sheliesaboutherparents’professions. D.Shelivesuptoherparents’expectations.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inquisitiveness”inparagraph2mean?A.Talent. B.Courage. C.Curiosity. D.Intelligence.6.WhatstimulatedBlake’spassionfordistantplaces?A.Hervisittoalabinauniversity. B.Herwishtobuildherownequipment.C.Herfaithinhearingthecosmicsound. D.HerexperienceataSouthPoleStation.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBlake?A.Confidentandcaring. B.Generousandoptimistic.C.Modestandopen-minded. D.Adventurousanddetermined.CHugepilesofresearchondietarepublishedannually.Themostshockingofthesegetreportedinthemedia.Allclaimtobebasedonthelatestresearchandeachclaimstoprovethelaststudywrong.Doscientistsreallynotknowwhat’sgoodforus,oristhenewsreporttoblamefortheconfusion?Misleadingmediacoverageplaysarole,butpublicationbias(偏见)isonemajorsource:studiesthatshowsurprisingresultsaremorelikelytogetpublished.“Whatyouseepublishedinthenightlynewsistheendresultofasystemwhereeveryoneisencouragedtocomeupwithapositiveresult,”saysVinayatOregonScienceUniversity.Onewaytogetaroundthisproblemistoconductlarge,randomizedcontrolledtrials,whichinvolverandomlyassigningparticipantstodifferentgroupstocontrolvariables.Butthesekindsofstudiesaredifficulttodoforfoods,asfewwouldriskeatinghabitsonchance;fewerstillsustainchangeslongenoughtobenefit.Instead,nutritionscientistsusuallyobservewhatpeopleeatbyaskingthemtofilloutfooddiaries,andthentrackthehealthofparticipantsoveragivenperiodoftime.Inthese“observational”studies,peopletracktheirdietswhilegoingabouttheirlives.Differencesbetweensubjectsinwhattheydooutsideofmealtimescanmakeallthedifference.Peoplewhoeatwhatisseenasanunhealthydiet—withmorefastfood,forinstance—mighthaveunhealthylifestylesinotherways,suchassmoking.Consequently,dietaryeffectsarehardtosetapart.Becauseofthesedifficulties,eventoday’smostrecommendeddietaryadvicelacksgoodqualityevidence.Thisdoesn’tmeanwecaneatasmuchcakeaswelike.Butitdoessuggestthatwithinlimitsofcommonsense,onewayofeatingisaboutasgoodasanother.Whileadmittedlysimpleadvice,itremovesthepressuretoconstantlyrunafterthelatestamazingdietorfearseeminglyharmfulfoods.Withinreason,trustingyourstomachismostlyfine.8.Whatphenomenonispresentedinparagraph1?A.Scientistsfailtofigureouttruth. B.Newsspreadsconfusiononpurpose.C.Researchondietastonishespeople. D.Mediareportsconflictingdietstudies.9.Whichofthefollowingnewsitemssuggestspublicationbias?A.Chocolateunexpectedlyaidsweightloss. B.Calorierestrictionhelpstoslowaging.C.Effectsofzerofatdietrequirefurthertests. D.Wholegraindietimproveshearthealth.10.Whatdoparagraphs3and4mainlydiscuss?A.Thereliabilityofself-reporteddietdata. B.Howlong-termdiettrackingimproveshealth.C.Themainproblemsinstudyingdietaryeffects. D.Howlifestylefactorsaffectdietresearchresults.11.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforfoodchoice?A.Avoidpotentiallyunhealthyfoods. B.Consumevarietiesoffoods.C.Countonthelatestdietaryadvice. D.Followbodysignalssensibly.DAsmokebombfromapartystartedamajorblaze(火焰)nearLosAngelesinSeptember,justoneofmanyrecentwildfiresignited(引燃)bypeople.Now,ananalysisofsatellitedatashowshuman-causedblazesspreadmuchfasterandkillmoretreesthanonesignitedbylightning.FirehasalwaysbeenapartofCalifornia’snaturalhistory.Butseveralcent