专题02 冠词代词（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义全国适用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习（原卷版及全解全析）

/专题02冠词代词目录目录学考要求速览必备知识梳理高频考点精讲进阶分级练学考冠词的解题思路冠词的活用也是考查的热点和难点，如在具体的语境中哦抽象名词具体化、序数词前的冠词，“the+形容词”表示一类人，“by+the+名词”结构，the用于表示独一无二的事物和由普通名词构成的专有名词前，表示职务、学科等名词前不用冠词，类指的3种表达情况。首先应当分析句子结构，根据语境或语法结构确定是否填冠词。“名词前面填介冠，冠名做主宾同位”。在语法填空题中，空后是名词或者“形容词＋名词”，且空前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词等限定词时，很可能填冠词。3.判断设空后的名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。如果是可数名词，看是单数还是复数，是泛指还是特指。4.搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an，此时还应该注意其后的词的第一个音素，如果是元音填an，如果是辅音，则填a；有名词，5.搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；还要看是否是固定搭配。考点一不定冠词a与an的基本用法概述：1.冠词用在名词前，本身不能单独使用，是名词出现的标志，帮助指明名词的含义。2.冠词分为：不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)和零冠词(不加冠词)。基本用法例子a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】anhonestboy一个诚实的男孩anumbrella一把伞 auniversity一所大学aEuropeancountry一个欧洲国家anunusualstory一个不同寻常故事anunhappyboy一个不高兴的男孩第一次提到的某人或某物前Thepandaisanendangeredanimal.熊猫是一种濒危动物。泛指人或事物的某一类别Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.飞机是一种能飞的机器。用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前，表示“每一”Thecarmoves100milesanhour.这辆小汽车以每小时100英里速度行驶Romewasnotbuiltinaday.罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，表示具体的人或事物Thepartywasagreatsuccess.晚会开得很成功。It’sapleasuretoworkwithyou.与你一起工作是件乐事。用于专有名词前，表示“某一个”IwanttobeaBillGates.我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。用于序数词之前,表示重复SoonIsawasecondplane.不久我又看到了另一架飞机。用于最高级前意为“非常”Thisisamostinterestingstory.这是一个极为动人的故事。与have，take，make等连用Takealookatthesefigures!看一下这些数字吧！用于物质名词的数量化I’dlikeateaandtwocoffees.请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。【真题原句】1.（2025年浙江春考阅读理解B篇）WhenIwasachildIwasoftentoldwhatnottoeat.【翻译】当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知不要吃什么。2.（2025年浙江春考阅读理解七选五）Ifyou’veeverworkedasaninstructor,manager,trainerorcoach,you’llknowthattherearefewbetterwaystolearnnewinformationthantoteachit.【翻译】如果你曾经做过讲师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道没有什么比教别人新知识更好的方法了。3.（2024年新高考I卷阅读理解A篇）HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.【翻译】栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。4.（2024年新高考II卷应用文写作）I’mwritingtosharewithyouanartclassIhadinaparklastFriday.【翻译】我写信是想和你分享上周五我在公园里上的一堂艺术课。5.（2024年全国甲卷阅读理解D篇）Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.【翻译】这对我来说是一个顿悟的时刻，我再也不会以同样的方式思考结局了。考点二不定冠词的高频短语不定冠词的常考固定搭配ataloss困惑，不知所措asaresult因此asarule通常，照例asamatteroffact事实上afterawhile一会儿后atadistance离一段距离，从远处allofasudden突然awasteof...……的浪费amatterof...……的问题acollectionof一批……aknowledgeof(＝know)知道anunderstandingof(＝understand)懂得agreatmany许多atatime每次asawhole总的来说afterawhile一会儿之后haveagoodtime玩得高兴haveaholiday度假haveacold患感冒have/takearest休息一下haveagiftfor有……的天赋inahurry匆忙地inaword总之onadiet节食inamoment立刻inasense在某种意义上haveapopulationof有……人口forawhile暂时，一时goonadiet节食haveahistoryof有……的历史getalift/ride搭便车make/earnaliving谋生onceinawhile偶尔onceuponatime从前makeaneffort努力makeanapology道歉haveagoodtime过得愉快haveawordwith...与交谈takeaninterestin...对感兴趣考点三定冠词的基本用法基本用法例子表示双方都知道的人或物Wouldyoumindturningdowntheradioalittle?请把收音机音量调小点好吗？表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。Doyouknowthegirlinred?你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么？Thebookonthetableismine.桌子上的那本书是我的。表示世界上独一无二的事物，如日月星辰地球等Asisknowntous,theearthmovesaroundthesun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。Thesuncandamageyourskin.阳光能损伤皮肤。用在序数词前Heisthefirstpersonwhoknowsthesecret.他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。用在形容词最高级前ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.上海市中国最大的城市之一。用于乐器的名称之前Shecanplaythepianoquitebeautifully.她可以弹一手好钢琴。用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩TheSmithslivedintheapartmentaboveours.史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。TheGreenswillmovetothecountry.格林一家要搬到乡下去。与形容词连用表示一类人Theinjuredweretakentothenearesthospital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前Thewarbrokeoutinthe1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。HelivedintheMingDynasty.他生活在明代。用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前theUnitedStatesofAmerica美国thePeople’sRepublicofChina中国theCommunistPartyofChina中国共产党theUnitedNations联合国江、河、湖、海、海峡、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前theYellowRiver黄河thePacificOcean太平洋theAlps阿尔卑斯山theGrandCanal大运河用于接触身体部位结构Shepattedhimontheshoulder.她碰了他的肩。用于发明物的单数名词前Whoinventedthetelephone？电话是谁发明的？用在表示方位名词之前JilinisinthenorthofChina.吉林位于中国的北部。【真题原句】1（2025年浙江春考阅读理解C篇）Beautifulyear-round,theyinviteyoutoenjoythesmallestdetail,fromthesoundofgrassesinthegentlewindtothesculptureofodd-lookingseedheads.【翻译】这里一年四季都很美丽，它们邀请你去欣赏最小的细节，从微风中草的声音到奇怪的种子头的雕塑。分析：此处为定冠词用法第5条。2（2025年浙江春考七选五）Considerthebestmethodtodeliveryourmessage.Iftheinformationyou’recommunicatingisn’turgent,considersendinganemail.【翻译】考虑传递信息的最佳方法。如果你要传达的信息不是紧急的，可以考虑发一封电子邮件。分析：第一处the为形容词在最高级前面的用法。theinformation前的the表示特指，为定冠词用法第2条。3（2024年新高考I考阅读理解C篇）Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper’sphysicalproperties.【翻译】印刷和数字阅读结果之间的差异部分与纸张的物理特性有关。4（2024年新高考II卷完形填空）Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday’sworld.【翻译】在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西是不可接受的。考点四定冠词的常考固定搭配定冠词the的常用固定搭配atthesametime同时atthemoment此刻alltheyearround一年到头allthetime一直attheageof...在...岁时atthebeginning/endof...在...结束时bytheway顺便问一下gotothecinema去看电影gotothedoctor's去看医生forthetimebeing暂时inthedaytime在白天intheend最后，终于forthefirsttime第一次inthehabitof习惯于inthedistance在远处intheway挡路onthewhole总的来说makethemost/bestof充分利用ontheright/left在右/左面theotherday前几天ontheradio/phone通过无线电/电话totell(you)thetruth说实话intheformof...以的形式onthespot在场；到场；立即；马上；withthehelpof...在的帮助下thenextday第二天notintheleast(＝notatall)一点也不onthewayto...在去的路上ontheeveof...在的前夕inthehabitof...有的习惯ontheotherhand...另一方面……onthewhole总的来说tothepoint中肯，切题考点五零冠词的基本用法零冠词基本用法例子物质名词、抽象名词前Breadismadefromflour.面包是用面粉做的。表示职务、头衔的名词前HewasselectedChairmanofthecommittee.他被选为委员会主席。一日三餐名词前Wearegoingtomoviesaftersupper.晚饭后我们要去看电影。运动、棋类、游戏等名词前Helikestoplaychess.他喜欢下棋。星期、月份、季节等名词前Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.春天是一年中最好的季节。西方节日名称前AprilFool’sDay愚人节；ChristmasDay圣诞节；Easter复活节；Father’sDay父亲节；ThanksgivingDay感恩节；Valentine’sDay情人节；名词被限定词this，my，some，no等修饰时Hisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.他的心因害怕而狂跳不已。Godownthisstreet.顺着这条道路往前走。含有介词短语的独立主格Heenteredtheforest,guninhand.他手拿枪进了森林。复数名词表示类属时Dogsarehumanbeings’friends.狗是人类的朋友。10.by表示交通工具的名词前Everydayhegoestoschoolbybike.他每天骑自行车上学。考点六含有零冠词的高频短语1.不定冠词a/an表示“某一个”。atrisk有危险aheadoftime提前inadvance提前bymistake错误地，无意地bychance/accident碰巧地loseheart灰心catchfire着火atlast最终forexample例如indebt负债inplace在恰当的位置afterschool放学后givewayto给……让路indanger处于危险之中inorder有序takepartin参加outofcontrol失控setfireto放火outofwork失业facetoface面对面地underrepair处于维修中ontime按时dayandnight夜以继日地heartandsoul全心全意地takecareof照顾takepridein...以为自豪intime及时withpleasure高兴地comeintopower/effect开始执政/生效takeoffice就职doharmto...对有害frommorningtillnight从早到晚onpurpose故意地incondition状况良好atdawn/noon/dusk在黎明/正午/黄昏inadvance预先2固定搭配中有无冠词区别。byday在白天bytheday按日计算gotoclass/hospital/school上课/住院/上学gototheclass/hospital/school到课堂/医院/学校inthefrontof在的前面（在参照物里）infrontof在的前面（和参照物不相连）incaseof以防，万一inthecaseof就某人或某事而言inbed/church/prison/town睡觉/作礼拜/进监狱inthebed/church/prison/town在床上/在教堂/在监狱里infuture今后inthefuture将来insightof看见inthesightof据的见解inplaceof代替intheplaceof在的地方inchargeof主管，负责inthechargeof在的看管之下inpossessionof拥有inthepossessionof...被所拥有outofthequestion不可能outofquestion毫无疑问sitattable吃饭sitatthetable在桌旁takeadvice征求意见taketheadvice听从建议takeplace发生taketheplaceof代替考点一不定冠词a与an的基本用法例1.InfusedwithtraditionalChineseculturalelements,thegameoffersgamers________novelexperienceofChineseimaginationandlandscape.例2．TheClothesDryingFestival,essentialcelebrationoftheRedYaoethnicgroup,takesplaceonthesixthdayofthesixthlunarmontheveryyear.Onthatday,theyhangtheirsignatureredclothesinthesuntobeblessed.例3．JiangsuTaizhouHighSchool,________uniqueandoutstandingeducationalinstitutionworthyofnote,hasleftaprofoundmarkontheeducationallandscapeoftheregioninrecentyears.1．NeZha2,groundbreakinganimatedfilmdeeplyrootedinChinesemythology(神话),presentsamorecomplexandexcitingadventureofNeZha.2．Longshuixiagap,undergroundworldthatgraduallyslopesdowntodepthsofover250meters,withstepswindingallthewaydownthesteepandroughlimestonegorge,leavestouristsstruckatitsnaturalcharmandpeacefulness.3．Throughouthistory,Chineseknotshaveplayed________significantroleintraditionalChineseceremoniesandcelebrations,symbolizinggoodluckandharmony.4．Thehoteloffersvarietyofaccommodationoptions,includingsuites,rooms,andapartments.5.Becausetheprepareddishesweren’tenough,hismother-in-lawfilledthegapbymakingsomedaoxiaomian,whichwasinstanthit.考点二不定冠词的高频短语例1．TheWinterSolstice,afestivalwithhistoryofmorethan2,000yearsoriginatedfromtheHanDynastyandreacheditspeakingloryintheTangandSongDynasties.例2．Lucyhadthepleasureofmeetingvarietyofpeopleandexperiencingdifferentcultures.例3．Thetownhas36,000muofcultivatedlandand100,000muofmountainousareas.Theregionhasasubtropicalmarinemonsoonclimate,withaverageannualtemperatureof21°C,annualrainfallbetween1600-2000mm,sufficientsunshine,abundantrainfall,andrichwaterresources.1．—________greatsurprisetoseeyouhere,Daniel!—Yeah.Wehaven’tseeneachotherforquitealongtime.A．Whata B．What C．Howa D．How2．-MayIhavelookatthenewskirtyouboughtyesterday?-Ofcourse.A．a B．an C．the D．/3．LiHuahas________goodknowledgeofmanyforeignlanguages,andoneofthemisEnglishwhichis________languagespokenbymanypeopleintheworld.A．the;a B．a;the C．a;a D．the;the4．What_______________pitythatyoucouldn’tbetheretoreceive_______________prize.A．the;a B．a;the C．a;a D．a;/5．In____accident_____knowledgeoffirstaidcanmake_____realdifference.A．the;a;the B．an;a;a C．an;the;不填 D．a;a;不填考点三定冠词的基本用法例1.Performerswearprotectivegear,suchasstrawhatsandsheepskinjackets,butinjuriesarecommonduetointenseheat.例2.TheChinaCulturalCenterinParishostedthe“Nihao!China”LanternFestivalCulinary(食物的)NightattheJardinAcclimatationamusementparkinParisoneveoftheLanternFestival.例3.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall___48___wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.1．It’sdangeroustostayinwildaloneatnight.2．Doyouknowwhichlanguagehaslargestnumberofnativespeakers?3．Someoftheworld’smostimportantscientiststhinkideaofpeoplelivingonMarswillcometrueoneday.4．Ratherthansettingplansinstone,I’velearnedthatsometimesIneedtotaketheopportunitiesthatareoffered,eveniftheydon’tsoundperfectattime,andmakethemostofthem.5．Everybodyknowsthatpetsarebesttherapy—wehaveproofthatanimalsenhancequalityofelderlylives,sothereisnoexcusefordeprivingourcitizensoftheircompanionshipandsourceofjoy.考点四定冠词的常考固定搭配例1．Asnumberoftouristshasgrown,sohastheamountoftrafficontheroads.例2．Atedgeoftheforest,thegirlwasbendingherkneesbyherbike.例3．ThecompanyisinpossessionofTom’sbrother.1．TheylookedwithenvyatTom’snewcar,whichbecameenvyofalltheneighbours.2．In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistsandTuYouyouwasamongfirstresearcherschosen.3．Withtheexamaroundcorner,we’reburningthemidnightoiltoprepareforit.4．It’sknowntousthattheearthis49timessizeofthemoon.5．AsfarasIamconcerned,moreyoutakepartinafter-classactivities,themoreconfidentyouare.考点五零冠词的基本用法例1．Asisknowntous,______pandaisin______dangerofbecomingextinct.A．the;the B．/;the C．the;/ D．/;/例2．Ifyouwanttogetanywherein__________chess,youhavetostudythevariousopenings.A．an B．the C．/ D．a1．Sheoftenplays______chessonweekends.A．an B．a C．the D．/2．IntheAI-drivenmedicalfield,agroupofscientistshavebeenworkingat________cuttingedgeoftechnology,whothinkoutside________boxandbreak________newgroundinpatientcare.A．a;the;a B．the;the;/ C．the;a;/ D．a;/;the3．Applesaresortedby_________sizeandthenpackagedby_________box.A．不填；不填 B．the;the C．不填；the； D．the;不填4．Itisoftensaidthat____mandiffersfrom____animalsinthathecanthinkandspeak.A．the;the B．a;the C．不填;the D．不填;不填5．Edward,universitystudentfromEurope,teachesusartinhissparetime.A．an;/ B．an;an C．a;/ D．an;the考点六含有零冠词的高频短语例1．Keepin__________mindthatpeoplemayhavedifferentopinionsastowhattheartistislike,sotheyshouldfeelfreetodiscuss.A．the B．an C．a D．/例2．At________night,wecanseethesplendidJourneyofLightsParade.A．a B．the C．an D．/例3．Thetwocultureshavealotin________common.[牛津词典]A．a B．/ C．the D．an1．Unfortunately,thecatsintroducedtotheislanddeveloped________appetiteforthebirdsthere,whichmeantthebirdsfell________victimtothecats.A．the;the B．the;a C．/;the D．an;/2．In______additiontousingsolarenergy,ourcompanyalsotakes______advantageofwindenergytocareaboutourenvironment.A．an;an B．不填；不填 C．an;the D．the;an3．Atthattimethefireswereburningoutof________controlinthemountain,whichleft________impressiononus.A．a;an B．the;the C．不填;an D．a;不填4．Anewmanagerwillcometotake_________chargeofthiscompany,whichwasin_________chargeofMrWang.A．/;the B．/;/ C．the;/ D．the;the一、单项选择1．Mybrother,Mike,issuch________honestboythathenevertellslies.Weallbelievehim.A．A B．an C．the2．________19thCPCNationalCongress(中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会)washeldon18October.Itwas________bigsuccess.A．The;/ B．The;a C．/;the D．/;/3．Beingsmartisnotenough.Itcouragetomakedifferenceinthisworldandtofindanswerstoitsurgentchallenges.A．costs;the B．costs;a C．takes;/ D．takes;a4．—What______interestingbook!—Yes,______bookisreallyamazing.A．a;an B．an;the C．an;a D．a;the5．Themobilityscooteris__________excellentoptionfortravelingabroadbecauseofitslightweightandportabledesign.A．/ B．a C．an D．the6．You’llfeelbetterafteryou’vehad__________goodnight’ssleep.A．a B．an C．the D．/7．One’sdestinationisnever________place,butanewwayofseeingthings.A．an B．/ C．a D．the8．Peoplewereallinspiredby________wayDavidlookedaheadwithoutfearofthefuture.A．the B．an C．/ D．a9．ThefilmNezhawasquite________hitacrossChina,bringingin________amazingincomewithinamonth.A．a;an B．/;an C．a;/ D．a;the10．—Whereareyoufrom?—I’mfromChinaandI’m______exchangestudent.A．a B．an C．the D．/二、单句语法填空1．(2024·浙江高考1月)Then,whenyouuseonesection,________otherstaysfresh.2．Itsthoughtfuldesignandpricelesscollectionmakeit________must－seeforanyoneseekingtounderstandthesoulofthischarmingcity.3．In________1980s,rosewoodfurnituregainedinpopularity.4．Thecontentsoftheblindboxesareoftenonlyrevealeduponopening,adding________elementofsurprisetothediningexperience.5．With________numberofvisitorsgrowingthisyear,theone－dayfestivalwasextendedtoathree－dayholiday.6．Throughouthistory,Chineseknotshaveplayed________significantroleintraditionalChineseceremoniesandcelebrations,symbolizinggoodluckandharmony.7．________momenttheyarrivedatthescene,theyimmediatelyjoinedtheirTurkishpartnerstocarryoutarescueplanandsavedthewoman.8．InfusedwithtraditionalChineseculturalelements,thegameoffersgamers________novelexperienceofChineseimaginationandlandscape.9．Thisuniqueblendservesasabridgebetweenhercultureand________globallanguageofEnglish.10．But________mostcommononeismoneywrappedinredpaper.代词1.代词的功能就是替代上文出现过的名词概念。2.恰当地使用代词，能够避免混淆并确保句子的流畅度，使交流更加快捷高效。3.代词共分10类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词、相互代词、替代词。5.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词的不同形式；6.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词的用法；7.it的用法人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词的不同形式人称代词人称代词主格Iweyou(你)you(你们)hesheitthey人称代词宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem物主代词形容词性物主代词myouryour(你的)your(你们的)hisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs反身代词单数myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves不定代词常用不定代词both,all,each,every,some,any,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,one,ones,either,neither,other,another,no,none复合不定代词someone/somebody,anyone/anybody,everyone/everybody,noone/nobody,something,anything,everything,nothing考点一人称代词、物主代词的基本用法1．人称代词的主格和宾格(1)人称代词主格作主语/同位语。TheyalwaysthoughtIwouldbecomeanEnglishteacher.(2)人称代词的宾格作表语/宾语(作及物动词或介词的宾语)。I’mhonoredthatyouwouldaskmeforadvice.Myfatherisalwayspatientwiththem.(3)人称代词的宾格形式可在系动词后作表语。—Whoisspeaking?—It'sme.2．形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词(1)形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，置于名词前作定语。Shedrovehercarintothelocalwildlifereserve.(2)形容词性物主代词＋own＋名词表示“某人自己的……”。Theymadetheirownclothes.(3)名词性物主代词后不能接名词。It’snotmyphone.Mineisonthedesk.(4)名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、动词或介词的宾语或表语。She’sanoldfriendofyours.3．反身代词(1)反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语、同位语，但不能作主语。Heknowsexactlyhowtomakehimselfrelaxed.(2)反身代词的人称和数必须与所指代的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。Iamnotmyselftoday.【注意】固定搭配：byoneself独自地foroneself替自己；为自己ofoneself自动地inoneself本质上；本身applyoneselfto专心致志于behaveoneself举止得体；行为检点dressoneself打扮；自己穿衣devoteoneselfto致力于；献身于helponeselfto随便吃/用enjoyoneself玩得开心seatoneself就座；入席makeyourselfathome别客气teachoneself自学考点二不定代词both,either,neither,all,any,none,another,theother,other等的用法(1)both,all,either,neither，none,each与everyboth①表示“两者(都)”②作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式③与not连用表示部分否定，意为“两者并不都……”(表示全部否定需用neither)Bothhismotherandhisfatherwillbethere.

他父母二人都要去那里。all①指三者或三者以上的人或物的“全部”②作主语，指人时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；指事物的整体或抽象概念时，谓语动词通常用单数形式③与not连用表示部分否定(表示完全否定需用none)Allfivemenarehardworkers.

五个人全都工作努力。either①表示“(两者中的)任何一个”(表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的“任何一个”需用any)②作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式Youcanparkoneithersideofthestreet.

这条街两边都可停车。neither①表示“(两者)都不”②单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式③后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式Neitherofmyparentsspeaksaforeignlanguage.

我的父母都不会说外语。none①表示“(三者及三者以上中)没有一个”或“没有一点”②后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式③既可指代可数名词，也可指代不可数名词Wehavethreesonsbutnoneofthemlivenearby.

我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。each①强调个体，可作代词和形容词，修饰单数可数名词，指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”②可以与of短语连用；可作主语、宾语、同位语和定语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；作同位语时，谓语动词的数和主语保持一致Theyeachhavetheirownemailaddress.

他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。every①强调(整体中的)每一个，只能作定语，修饰单数可数名词，表示三者或三者以上中的“每一个”②与not连用构成部分否定③可用来表示“每隔”④不可与of短语连用注意：表示数量的不定代词辨析few修饰或代替可数名词Thelastfewwintershavebeenverycold.过去几个冬天都很冷。否定含义几乎没有afew修饰或代替可数名词Ihaveafewfriends,butmyyoungersisterhasveryfew.我有一些朋友，但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。肯定含义几个；一些little修饰或代替不可数名词Thereislittletimeleft.几乎没剩下什么时间了。否定含义几乎没有alittle修饰或代替不可数名词ShecanspeakalittleFrench,butsheknowslittleEnglish.她能讲点法语，但她几乎不懂英语。肯定含义少量；一点点many修饰或代替可数名词Wedon'thaveverymanycopiesleft.我们所剩的册数不多。肯定含义许多much修饰或代替不可数名词Idon'thavemuchmoneywithme.我没带多少钱。肯定含义许多注意辨别：theother,another与others/theotherstheother可单独使用，特指两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”Heraisedonearmandthentheother.

他先举起一只手，然后举起另一只。another泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替单数可数名词。另外，another后可接“基数词/few＋复数名词(名词表示的事物被看作一个整体)”，表示“另外的……(多少)”Heavyrains

continued

another

three

days.

大雨持续了三天。Wouldyoulikeanotherdrink?还想喝一杯吗？others/theothersothers只能单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some连用。theothers特指“整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部人或事物”Don't

expect

others

to

read

yourmind.

不要期望别人能看出你的心思。(2)none,nothing与noone/nobodynone①特指语境中提到的人或物，强调数量②后可接of短语，可回答howmany,howmuch引导的特殊疑问句Wehavethreesonsbutnoneofthemlivenearby.

我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。nothing①指物，表示泛指②不可接of短语，可回答what引导的特殊疑问句Thedoctorsaidtherewasnothingwrongwithme.

医生说我什么毛病也没有。noone/nobody①常指人，仅用于指代可数名词单数②不可接of短语，可回答who引导的特殊疑问句注意：常考含有不定代词的固定短语nothingbut仅仅，只是;anythingbut决不somethingof有几分，略微;orsomething诸如此类的人或物ifanything要说有什么两样的话;havesomething/nothingtodowith...与有/无关allbut几乎，差不多;everyotherday每隔一天考点三one,ones,that,those的用法在文中为避免重复，one、ones、that和those等都可以用来代替上文出现的名词。1．one代替的是前面提到的同类异物中的任何一个，相当于“a/an＋可数名词单数”；ones用来代替前面出现的可数名词复数，也表泛指。2．that代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词单数，也可以是不可数名词，其前面通常不能有修饰语，但可以有后置定语。3．those代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，只能指代可数名词复数，相当于theones。【注意】a/an＋可数名词单数＝one；可数名词复数＝onesthe＋可数名词单数＝that/theone；the＋不可数名词＝that；the＋可数名词复数＝theones/those；考点四it的用法1．it的基本用法(1)指天气、季节、时间、距离、环境等Itisearlyspring,butitisalreadyhot.(2)代替提到过的事物、群体、想法、内容等或代替指示代词Althoughhesaidhedidn'tlikethemovie,Idecidedtoseeitanyway.(3)指不知性别的孩子和婴儿或不明确的人(由于某种原因而不知对方是谁)Whatwillyoucallitifitisaboy?2．it作形式主语(1)It＋be＋adj./n.＋for/ofsb＋不定式ItisimportantforstudentstolearnEnglishwell.(2)It＋be＋名词短语(apity/afact/nowonder...)/adj.＋that从句Itisapitythatyoucan'tgowithher.(3)It＋特殊动词(短语)(seem/appear/turnout/occurtosb...)＋that从句Itseemsthathehasmadeaseriousmistake.(4)It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句Itisreportedthat20peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.(5)Itisnogood/use/uselessdoingsth做某事是没有好处/用处的Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.(6)Ittakessbtime/patience/effort/energytodosth花费某人时间/耐心/努力/精力做某事Ittookhimmuchenergytowritethenovel.3．it作形式宾语(1)主语＋find/think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋it＋adj./n.＋(for/ofsb)todo/that从句IfinditeasytogetonwithJim.(2)用于like,enjoy,hate,love,appreciate等表示“喜欢，憎恶”等情感的动词以及depend,on/upon,seeto等动词短语后，再接when,if,that等引导的从句。I'dappreciateitifyoucouldattendourparty.4．it的常用短语或句型makeit获得成功；赶上seetoitthat...确保……counton/relyon/dependonitthat...相信……assomeoneputsit像某人所说的那样whenitcomesto...当涉及/谈到……时Ican'thelpit...我情不自禁……Itakeitthat...我理解的是……Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他确实是……(强调句型)It's(high)timethatsbdid/shoulddosth是该某人做某事的时候了It'sthefirst/second/...timethatsbhave/hasdonesth这是某人第一/二/……次做某事了Itis/hasbeen...since...自从……已过了……时间了Itwillbe/was...before...要过……时间才……/在……之前已过了……时间考点一人称代词、物主代词的基本用法例1（2024年全国甲卷）Theywonderedoutloud.Thisarea,with66（it）uniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreservedforallpeopleofthenationtoenjoy—asanationalpark.例2That’swhyeachSpringFestival,hundredsofmillionsofpeopletravelhometoreunitewith(they)relatives.例3Ourneighborsgave(we)ababybirdyesterdaythathurt(it)whenitfellfromitsnest.1.Hehasthreesons,andoneofisanengineer.2.Itwilltakesometimetopopularizethenewtraveltrendandthepricesmustremaincompetitivetoensurethatregulartouristscanafford.3.RootedinChinesemythology,NeZha2retellsancientstorieswithamoderntwist.Bornwithuniquepowers,NeZhafinds(he)asanoutcast(被排斥的人)whoisfearedandevenhated.4.AninitiativewaslaunchedinlateJanuarybyXiaohongshu,aChineselifestyle-focusedsocialmediaplatform,invitinguserstouploadphotosorvideosof(they)andfriendswearinghanfuatlandmarksaroundtheworldfromJanuary28toFebruary19.5.Attheconference,sportingthethemeof“Interconnection,Integration,Inheritance,Innovation,”delegates(代表)found_________(they)closelyconnectedtotheGlobalCivilizationInitiative(GCI),whichadvocatesrespectforthediversityofcivilizations,thecommonvaluesofhumanity,theimportanceofinheritanceandinnovationofcivilizations.考点二不定代词both,either,neither,all,any,none,another,theother,other等的用法例1（2024年浙江首考）Overthelasttwoyears,supermarketssellchickeninpackswithtwohalves.Then,whenyouuseonesection,____64____otherstaysfresh.例2Therearetwobooksonthedesk.Youcantake_________ofthem.例3wholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.1．Inourschool,________studentslikeFrench,but________ofthemcanspeakFrenchsmoothly.A．alittle;afew B．afew;fewC．afew;little D．alittle;few2．Tom’sparentsholddifferentopinionsonwhethertheyshouldhave______child.A．another B．other C．others D．theother3．—Whyhaven’ttheyagreewitheachotherafteradifficultdiscussion?—Because______sidehasplentyofreasonstosticktoitsthought.A．both B．any C．either D．none4．—Shallwegotothecinematonightortomorrow?—______isOKwithme.I’mfreethewholeweek.A．All B．Both C．Either D．Neither5．Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays,andyoucanchoose________basedonyourowninterests.A．either B．each C．one D．it考点三one,ones,that,those的用法例1Withinindustries,companiesarealwaystryingtodevelopproductsthatareonestepbetterthanofothercompanies.例2Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems—infactfarmoreserious_________thanmobilephonesdo.1．—Oh,dear!Weonlyhave15minutestogettothestation.—Soterrible!Thereisn’tanytaxiaroundwhenyouwant________A．it B．that C．one D．this2．Ireallywanttogotoaplaceforthesummervacation,especially________withbeautifulsceneryanduniqueculture.A．that B．this C．one D．it3．Tohelpusbetterunderstandliteraryworks,ourteachercomparedthewritingstyleofMarkTwainwith____________ofLinYutang.A．those B．that C．ones D．One4．Intheeraofartificialintelligence,thecapabilitiesofmodernrobotsarefarmoreadvancedthan______ofthefirst-generationindustrialmachines.A．that B．ones C．one D．those5．Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyas________ofanotherdodoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperiencetheseemotions.A．it B．one C．that D．those考点四it的用法例1．Combiningclassicalelegancewithmodernsimplicity,thehorsefaceskirtissaidtoperfectlysuitthecontemporarycultureandlifestyleofyoungpeople,making________afashionicon(标志).例2（2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·应用文）Iwouldappreciate________ifyoucouldtakemyfollowingproposalsintoconsideration.例3Finally,shouldbepointedoutthatenjoyingthecompanyofacrowdisnotthesameasbeingwithfriends.1.Althoughforeignersstillneedtomeetcertainrequirements,thispolicymade_______easierforthemtovisitChina.2.Togivefullplaytofamilygatherings,theSpringFestivallastsfor15days,endingwiththeLanternFestival.Manypeopleconsider_________agreatopportunitytotastetraditionalcuisinesuchasdumplings,stickyricecakes,andfriedmeatballs,andsharethejoyofthefestivalwiththeirlovedones.3.Someplayersfind________hardtofollowthestory,butthatdoesn'tstopthemfromenjoyingthegame.4.Therefore,it(acknowledge)thatShenzhenhasbecomeChina’smostlivablecity.5.Wealwaystakeforgrantedthatourparentsdoeverythingforuswithoutaskinganythinginreturn.一、单项选择1．Manystudentsfind____