2025年考研英语真题卷

2025年考研英语真题卷考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheconceptofa"digitaltwin"–adynamicvirtualrepresentationofaphysicalobjectorsystem–hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyearsacrossvariousindustries,frommanufacturingtohealthcare.Thesetwins,poweredbydatagatheredfromsensorsembeddedinthephysicalworldandfedintosophisticatedalgorithms,offerunprecedentedinsightsintoperformance,predictmaintenanceneeds,andoptimizeoperations.However,thewidespreadadoptionofdigitaltwinshingesnotjustontechnologicalcapabilitiesbutalsoonaddressingcomplexchallengesrelatedtodataintegration,security,andstandardization.Oneoftheprimaryhurdlesisthesheervolumeandvarietyofdatageneratedbyphysicalsystems.Integratingdatafromdisparatesources–suchasoperationalsensors,historicalrecords,andexternalenvironmentalfactors–requiresrobustinfrastructureandadvanceddatamanagementtechniques.Withouteffectiveintegration,thepotentialofdigitaltwinsremainslargelyuntapped,assiloeddatacannotprovideaholisticviewnecessaryforaccuratemodelingandprediction.Furthermore,ensuringdataqualityandconsistencyacrossdifferentsourcesiscrucialforthereliabilityofthetwin'ssimulationsandanalyses.Securityconcernsloomlargeinthedigitaltwinlandscape.Sincethesevirtualrepresentationsaredirectlylinkedtophysicalassets,anybreachinthecybersecurityofthedigitaltwincouldpotentiallycompromisetheintegrityandsafetyoftheactualsystem.Protectingsensitivedatafromcyberthreatsrequirescontinuousmonitoring,encryption,andtheimplementationofstringentaccesscontrols.Thepotentialconsequencesofasecuritylapsecanbesevere,rangingfromfinanciallossestophysicaldamage,makingcybersecurityaparamountconsiderationfordigitaltwindeployments.Beyonddataandsecurity,thelackofuniversalstandardsposesasignificantchallenge.Differentcompaniesandindustriesmayusevaryingtechnologies,protocols,anddataformats,makinginteroperabilitybetweendifferentdigitaltwinsdifficult.Thisfragmentationhindersthecreationofcomprehensive,interconnecteddigitalecosystems.Developingandadoptingcommonstandardswouldfacilitatetheintegrationandexchangeofdigitaltwinmodelsanddata,unlockinggreaterpotentialforcollaborationandinnovationacrosssectors.Thefuturepromiseofdigitaltwinsliesintheirabilitytotransformindustriesbyenablingpredictivemaintenance,optimizingperformance,andfosteringinnovation.Forinstance,inmanufacturing,digitaltwinscansimulateproductionscenarios,helpingengineersidentifyinefficienciesandimproveprocessesbeforephysicalimplementation.Inhealthcare,theycanmodelpatientrecoverypathways,aidinginpersonalizedtreatmentplans.Yet,realizingthisfullpotentialrequiresovercomingthecurrentobstacles.Onlybyaddressingthechallengesindataintegration,security,andstandardizationcanwefullyharnessthetransformativepowerofdigitaltwinsandusherinaneweraofintelligent,interconnectedsystems.Questions:1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemaintechnicalchallengesincreatingdigitaltwins?3.Whyaresecurityconcernsparticularlysignificantfordigitaltwins?4.Whatcouldtheadoptionofuniversalstandardsachieveregardingdigitaltwins?5.Theword"hinges"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?6.Thepassagesuggeststhattheapplicationofdigitaltwinsinhealthcaremightinvolve:7.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthecurrentstateofdigitaltwintechnology?8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasourceofdatafordigitaltwins?PassageTwoUrbanizationhasdramaticallyreshapedthelandscapesofcitiesworldwide,bringingbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Whilecitiesofferconcentratedeconomicactivity,culturalexchange,andaccesstoservices,theyalsograpplewithissuesliketrafficcongestion,pollution,andthestrainoninfrastructure.Thetraditionalmodelofurbanplanning,oftenfocusedonexpandingroadnetworksandbuildingmorehousing,hasprovenincreasinglyinadequateinaddressingthesecomplex,interconnectedproblems.Agrowingbodyofresearchhighlightstheneedforamoreholisticandsustainableapproachtourbandevelopment.Thisinvolvesintegratingenvironmentalconsiderationsintotheplanningprocess,promotingtheuseofgreenspaces,andencouragingthedevelopmentofsustainabletransportationsystems.Forinstance,citiesareincreasinglyexploringtheimplementationofcar-freezones,investinginpublictransit,andpromotingcyclingandwalkingasviablealternativestomotorvehicles.Suchinitiativesnotonlyaimtoreducetrafficcongestionandairpollutionbutalsocontributetoahealthierandmorelivableurbanenvironment.Theconceptofsmartcitieshasgainedprominenceasapotentialsolutiontourbanchallenges.Byleveraginginformationandcommunicationtechnologies(ICT),smartcitiescancollectandanalyzedatafromvarioussources–includingtrafficsensors,environmentalmonitors,andenergygrids–tooptimizeurbanservicesandinfrastructure.Thisdata-drivenapproachallowsformoreefficientresourceallocation,improvedemergencyresponse,andenhancedcitizenengagement.However,thesuccessfulimplementationofsmartcitytechnologiesrequiressignificantinvestment,robustdigitalinfrastructure,andcarefulconsiderationofethicalimplications,particularlyconcerningdataprivacyandsecurity.Equallyimportantistheroleofcommunityparticipationinshapingurbandevelopment.Top-downplanningmodelsoftenfailtoaccountforthediverseneedsandaspirationsoflocalresidents.Engagingcommunitiesintheplanningprocessfostersasenseofownershipandensuresthatdevelopmentprojectsareresponsivetotheactualneedsofthepopulation.Thiscanbeachievedthroughpublicconsultations,participatoryworkshops,andtheestablishmentofcitizenfeedbackmechanisms.Whenresidentsareactivelyinvolved,urbandevelopmentismorelikelytobeinclusive,equitable,andsustainableinthelongterm.Lookingahead,thefutureofurbanizationwilllikelybecharacterizedbyagreateremphasisonsustainability,resilience,andlivability.Citiesmustbecomemoreenvironmentallyfriendly,betterequippedtohandleclimatechangeimpacts,andmoreconducivetothewell-beingoftheirinhabitants.Thisrequiresaparadigmshiftfromviewingcitiesasmerecentersofeconomicactivitytorecognizingthemascomplexecosystemswheresocial,economic,andenvironmentalfactorsareintricatelylinked.Onlythroughintegratedandinnovativeapproachescanwecreatecitiesthatarenotonlymodernandefficientbutalsosustainableandtrulyhuman-centric.Questions:9.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapotentialbenefitofimplementingcar-freezonesincities?11.Theword"grapple"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?12.Whatisakeychallengehighlightedinthecontextofsmartcitydevelopment?13.Accordingtothepassage,whyiscommunityparticipationimportantinurbanplanning?14.Thepassagesuggeststhatfutureurbandevelopmentshouldprioritizewhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?15.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthelimitationsoftraditionalurbanplanningmodels?PassageThreeTheglobalriseofthegigeconomyhasfundamentallyalteredthetraditionalrelationshipbetweenemployersandemployees,offeringbothflexibilityanduncertaintyforworkers.Platformsconnectingfreelancerswithclientshaveproliferatedacrossvarioussectors,fromtransportationandfooddeliverytofreelancewritingandgraphicdesign.Thisshifttowardsshort-termcontractsandfreelanceworkisdrivenbyseveralfactors,includingtheincreasingdesireforwork-lifebalanceamongworkers,theloweroverheadcostsforbusinessescomparedtotraditionalemployment,andthetechnologicaladvancementsthatfacilitateremoteworkandtask-basedprojects.Forworkers,thegigeconomypresentsseveralpotentialadvantages.Itoffersflexibilityintermsofworkinghoursandlocation,allowingindividualstochooseprojectsthatfittheirschedulesandpreferences.Thiscanbeparticularlyappealingtothosewhovalueautonomyandwanttoavoidtherigidstructuresoftraditionalemployment.Additionally,gigworkoftenprovidesopportunitiesforskilldevelopmentandexposuretodiverseprojects,whichcanenhancecareerprospects.Theimmediatenatureofgigworkalsomeansthatworkerscanoftenfindnewprojectsquicklyiftheycompleteajobsatisfactorily,providingacontinuousincomestream.However,thegigeconomyalsopresentssignificantchallengesanddrawbacksforworkers.Thelackoftraditionalbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,retirementplans,andpaidtimeoffisamajorconcern.Gigworkersoftenhavetonavigatethecomplexitiesofmanagingtheirowntaxes,insurance,andsavings,whichcanbeoverwhelmingforthosewithoutpriorexperience.Furthermore,theincomefromgigworkcanbehighlyunpredictable,fluctuatinggreatlydependingontheavailabilityofprojectsandmarketdemand.Thisinstabilitycancreatefinancialinsecurityandanxietyformanyworkers.Fromabusinessperspective,thegigeconomyoffersseveraladvantages,includingaccesstoalargepooloftalent,reducedcostsassociatedwithhiringfull-timeemployees,andtheabilitytoscaleoperationsupordownquicklybasedondemand.Thisflexibilityallowscompaniestobemoreagileandresponsivetomarketchanges.However,businessesalsofacechallengesinmanagingadistributedworkforce,ensuringconsistentservicequality,andnavigatingthelegalandregulatorylandscapesurroundinggigwork.Questionsaboutworkerclassification(employeevs.contractor),minimumwagerequirements,andbenefitobligationsareincreasinglydebatedinvariousjurisdictions.Thefutureofthegigeconomywilllikelyinvolveongoingnegotiationsbetweenworkers,businesses,andpolicymakers.Asthenumberofgigworkerscontinuestogrow,theremaybeincreasedpressuretoaddressissuesrelatedtoworkerprotection,benefits,andsocialsecurity.Policymakerswillneedtofindwaystobalancethebenefitsofthegigeconomyforbusinessesandtheeconomyasawholewiththeneedtoensurefairtreatmentandsecurityforworkers.Thiscouldinvolvethedevelopmentofnewsocialsafetynets,thecreationofportablebenefitssystems,ortheimplementationofregulationsthatprovidegigworkerswithcertainprotectionswhilemaintainingtheflexibilitythatdefinesthegigeconomy.Questions:16.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneadvantageofgigworkforworkers?18.Theword"proliferated"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?19.Whatisamajorconcernregardingtheincomestabilityofgigworkers?20.Fromabusinessstandpoint,whatisapotentialadvantageofusinggigworkers?21.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasapossibleoutcomeforthefutureofgigeconomyregulations?22.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthebalancebetweenworkerprotectionandeconomicflexibilityinthegigeconomy?PassageFourThehumanbrain,withitsestimated86billionneuronsandtrillionsofconnections,remainsoneofthemostcomplexandleastunderstoodorgansinthebody.Despitedecadesofresearch,scientistshaveonlybeguntoscratchthesurfaceofitscapabilitiesandfunctions.However,recentadvancementsinneurotechnology,includingbrain-computerinterfaces(BCIs),areopeningnewavenuesforunderstandingandpotentiallyenhancinghumancognitionandabilities.Brain-computerinterfacesrepresentagroundbreakingtechnologythatenablesdirectcommunicationbetweenthebrainandexternaldevices.Theseinterfacescantranslateneuralsignalsintocommandsthatcontrolcomputers,roboticlimbs,orothermachines.BCIshaveshowntremendouspromiseinhelpingindividualswithseveremotordisabilitiesregainmobilityorcommunicatemoreeffectively.Forinstance,patientswithlocked-insyndrome,whohavelostalmostallmotorcontrolbutretainsomebrainactivity,canuseBCIstooperatecomputersandinteractwiththeirenvironment.Beyondmedicalapplications,BCIsarebeingexploredforenhancingcognitivefunctionsinhealthyindividuals.EarlyresearchsuggeststhatBCIsmightpotentiallyimprovememory,attention,andevencreativitybyprovidingdirectaccesstoandmanipulationofneuralactivity.Whilethetechnologyisstillinitsinfancy,andethicalconcernsaresignificant,thepotentialbenefitsarecompelling.ImagineafuturewhereBCIscanhelpstudentslearnnewinformationmoreefficientlyorathletesoptimizetheirperformancebydirectlyenhancingfocusandcoordination.Despitetheexcitingpossibilities,thedevelopmentandwidespreadadoptionofBCIsfacenumerouschallenges.Oneoftheprimarytechnicalhurdlesistheneedformorereliableanddurableinterfacesthatcansafelyinteractwiththebrainoverlongperiods.CurrentBCIsoftenrequireinvasiveprocedures,carryingrisksofinfectionandtissuedamage.Non-invasiveBCIs,whilesafer,generallyofferlessprecisecontrol.Anothersignificantchallengeisthecomplexityofdecodingneuralsignalsandtranslatingthemintomeaningfulcommandsorinformation.Thebrain'sneuralcodeisincrediblycomplex,andunderstandingitfullyisamonumentaltask.EthicalconsiderationssurroundingBCIsarealsoprofoundandfar-reaching.Issuesrelatedtoprivacy,security,andpotentialmisusemustbecarefullyaddressed.Forexample,couldBCIsbeusedtoreadthoughtsorinfluencebehavior?HowshoulddatacollectedbyBCIsbestoredandprotected?Thesequestionsraiseseriousconcernsaboutautonomyandindividualrights.Furthermore,thepotentialforcreatinginequalities,whereonlythewealthycanaffordcognitiveenhancementtechnologies,posessocialjusticeimplicationsthatmustbeconsidered.Asthefieldofneurotechnologyadvances,theintegrationofBCIsintodailylifeislikelytobecomemorefeasible.However,responsibledevelopmentanddeploymentrequireamultidisciplinaryapproachinvolvingneuroscientists,engineers,ethicists,andpolicymakers.Byfosteringopendialogueandestablishingclearguidelines,societycannavigatethecomplexethicallandscapeandharnesstheimmensepotentialofBCIstobenefithumanitywhilemitigatingpotentialrisks.Questions:23.Whatisthecentralthemeofthepassage?24.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonesignificantapplicationofBCIsinmedicalfields?25.Theword"monumental"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?26.WhatisamajortechnicalchallengementionedinthedevelopmentofBCIs?27.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonepotentialethicalconcernregardingBCIs?28.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthefutureroleofBCIsinsociety?PartIITranslationTranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish:随着科技的飞速发展，人工智能（AI）已经从科幻小说的范畴逐渐走进我们的日常生活。从智能手机上的语音助手到自动驾驶汽车，AI技术正在以惊人的速度改变着我们的生活方式和工作模式。然而，这种变革也带来了一系列新的挑战和问题，需要我们进行深入的思考和积极的应对。如何在享受AI带来的便利的同时，确保技术的伦理和安全，如何平衡创新发展与潜在风险，将是我们未来面临的重要课题。PartIIIWritingDirections:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Inyouressay,youshoulddescribethepictureandinterpretitsmeaning,andthengiveyourowncomments.[Apicturedepictingapersonlookingthoughtfullyatamobilephonescreenwhilestandingonasmallboatonalake,withmountainsinthedistanceunderabrightsky.]---试卷答案PartIReadingComprehension1.C*解析思路：文章首段提出数字孪生的概念及其潜力，随后第二、三、四段分别论述了数据整合、安全和标准化方面的挑战，最后一段再次强调要克服这些挑战才能发挥其全部潜力。C选项“Digitaltwinsoffersignificantpotentialbutfacechallengesthatneedtobeaddressedforwidespreadadoption.”（数字孪生具有巨大潜力，但其广泛应用面临需要解决的问题的挑战。）最能概括文章主旨。2.A*解析思路：根据第二段第一句“Integratingdatafromdisparatesources–suchasoperationalsensors,historicalrecords,andexternalenvironmentalfactors–requiresrobustinfrastructureandadvanceddatamanagementtechniques.”（整合来自不同来源的数据——如操作传感器、历史记录和外部环境因素——需要强大的基础设施和先进的数据管理技术。）可知，主要的技术挑战在于数据来源的多样性和整合的复杂性，需要强大的基础设施和先进技术。A选项“Integratingdiversedatasources”指整合多样数据来源，符合原文。3.B*解析思路：根据第三段“Sincethesevirtualrepresentationsaredirectlylinkedtophysicalassets,anybreachinthecybersecurityofthedigitaltwincouldpotentiallycompromisetheintegrityandsafetyoftheactualsystem.”（由于这些虚拟表示直接链接到物理资产，数字孪生安全性的任何漏洞都可能危及实际系统的完整性和安全性。）可知，安全漏洞可能直接危及物理系统的安全。B选项“Thepotentialtocompromisethephysicalsystem'ssafety”指危及物理系统的安全，符合原文。4.D*解析思路：根据第四段最后一句“Developingandadoptingcommonstandardswouldfacilitatetheintegrationandexchangeofdigitaltwinmodelsanddata,unlockinggreaterpotentialforcollaborationandinnovationacrosssectors.”（制定和采纳通用标准将促进数字孪生模型和数据的集成和交换，为跨部门协作和创新释放更大的潜力。）可知，通用标准能促进不同数字孪生之间的集成和交换，从而促进跨领域的协作和创新。D选项“Facilitatinginteroperabilityandcollaboration”指促进互操作性和协作，符合原文。5.E*解析思路：根据第一段第二句“Thewidespreadadoptionofdigitaltwinshingesnotjustontechnologicalcapabilitiesbutalsoonaddressingcomplexchallengesrelatedtodataintegration,security,andstandardization.”（数字孪生的广泛应用不仅取决于技术能力，还取决于解决与数据整合、安全和标准化相关的复杂挑战。）中的“hingeson”意为“取决于”。E选项“dependson”意为“取决于”，与原文意思最接近。6.C*解析思路：根据第五段第二句“Inhealthcare,theycanmodelpatientrecoverypathways,aidinginpersonalizedtreatmentplans.”（在医疗保健领域，它们可以模拟患者康复途径，有助于制定个性化治疗计划。）可知，数字孪生在医疗保健领域可能涉及模拟患者的康复途径。C选项“Modelingpatientrecoverypathways”指模拟患者康复途径，符合原文。7.B*解析思路：文章第二、三、四段分别指出了数据整合、安全和标准化方面的挑战，最后一段也提到“realizingthisfullpotentialrequiresovercomingthecurrentobstacles.”（实现这一全部潜力需要克服当前的障碍。）这暗示了尽管有潜力，但目前这些障碍限制了其完全实现。B选项“Itstillfacessignificantobstacles”指它仍然面临重大障碍，符合原文。8.D*解析思路：根据第二段“Integratingdatafromdisparatesources–suchasoperationalsensors,historicalrecords,andexternalenvironmentalfactors...”可知，数据来源包括操作传感器、历史记录和外部环境因素。D选项“Personalopinionsofexperts”指专家的个人意见，原文未提及。9.B*解析思路：文章首段指出城市化带来的机遇和挑战，并提到传统规划模式的不足。随后各段分别从可持续性、智能城市、社区参与等方面探讨了如何应对这些挑战。B选项“Discussingchallengesandpotentialsolutionsinurbandevelopment”指讨论城市发展中的挑战和潜在解决方案，最能概括文章主旨。10.A*解析思路：根据第三段第一句“Citiesareincreasinglyexploringtheimplementationofcar-freezones,investinginpublictransit,andpromotingcyclingandwalkingasviablealternativestomotorvehicles.”（城市越来越多地探索实施无车区，投资公共交通，并促进骑自行车和步行作为替代机动车的可行选择。）可知，实施无车区的一个潜在好处是减少交通拥堵。A选项“Reducingtrafficcongestion”指减少交通拥堵，符合原文。11.D*解析思路：根据第二段第一句“Whilecitiesofferconcentratedeconomicactivity,culturalexchange,andaccesstoservices,theyalsograpplewithissuesliketrafficcongestion,pollution,andthestrainoninfrastructure.”（虽然城市提供了集中的经济活动、文化交流和获取服务的便利，但它们也面临着交通拥堵、污染和基础设施压力等问题。）中的“grapplewith”意为“应对，处理（难题）”。D选项“Strugglingtodealwith”意为“努力应对”，与原文意思最接近。12.E*解析思路：根据第四段“Engagingcommunitiesintheplanningprocessfostersasenseofownershipandensuresthatdevelopmentprojectsareresponsivetotheactualneedsofthepopulation.However,thesuccessfulimplementationofsmartcitytechnologiesrequiressignificantinvestment,robustdigitalinfrastructure,andcarefulconsiderationofethicalimplications,particularlyconcerningdataprivacyandsecurity.”（让社区参与规划过程能培养归属感，并确保发展项目能响应人口的实际需求。然而，智能城市技术的成功实施需要大量投资、强大的数字基础设施，并仔细考虑伦理问题，特别是数据隐私和安全问题。）虽然提到了投资、数字基础设施和伦理问题，但文章并未明确指出“Communityinvolvementisdifficulttoachieve”是智能城市发展的主要挑战。原文更侧重于技术、伦理和资源等挑战。E选项“Technicaldifficultiesandresourceconstraints”指技术困难和资源限制，虽然可能是挑战的一部分，但并非文章强调的主要挑战。更准确地说，文章没有明确指出一个单一的主要挑战，而是提到了多个方面。如果必须选择一个，那么“Complexityofdataintegration”可能是其中之一，但原文并未将其列为主要挑战。因此，这道题的选项设置可能存在问题，或者需要更仔细地阅读文章来确定哪个选项最符合原文。由于题目要求必须选择一个，我们选择E选项作为答案，但需要注意这只是基于原文的推断，并非文章明确表述的主要挑战。13.C*解析思路：根据第四段第一句“Engagingcommunitiesintheplanningprocessfostersasenseofownershipandensuresthatdevelopmentprojectsareresponsivetotheactualneedsofthepopulation.”（让社区参与规划过程能培养归属感，并确保发展项目能响应人口的实际需求。）可知，社区参与很重要，因为这样可以确保发展项目符合居民的实际需求。C选项“Ensuringprojectsmeetactualneeds”指确保项目满足实际需求，符合原文。14.A*解析思路：根据最后一段第一句“Lookingahead,thefutureofurbanizationwilllikelybecharacterizedbyagreateremphasisonsustainability,resilience,andlivability.”（展望未来，城市化的未来可能将以更加重视可持续性、弹性和宜居性为特征。）可知，未来城市发展将优先考虑可持续性。A选项“Sustainability”指可持续性，符合原文。15.E*解析思路：根据第二段“...thetraditionalmodelofurbanplanning,oftenfocusedonexpandingroadnetworksandbuildingmorehousing,hasprovenincreasinglyinadequateinaddressingthesecomplex,interconnectedproblems.”（...传统的城市规划模式，通常关注扩展道路网络和建造更多住房，在解决这些复杂、相互关联的问题方面越来越不足。）可知，传统模式在应对复杂问题时显得不足。E选项“Itlackstheabilitytoaddresscomplexinterconnectedproblems”指它缺乏解决复杂相互关联问题的能力，符合原文。16.A*解析思路：文章首段提出零工经济的概念及其对雇员和雇主的影响。随后各段分别从工人角度、企业角度以及未来展望等方面进行了论述。A选项“Thegigeconomyanditsimpactonworkersandbusinesses”指零工经济及其对工人和的影响，最能概括文章主旨。17.D*解析思路：根据第二段第一句“Flexibilityintermsofworkinghoursandlocationallowsindividualstochooseprojectsthatfittheirschedulesandpreferences.”（在工作时间和地点方面的灵活性使个人能够选择适合其日程和偏好的项目。）可知，零工工作的一个优势是灵活性，包括工作和地点的时间安排。D选项“Flexibilityinworkinghoursandlocation”指工作和地点的灵活性，符合原文。18.B*解析思路：根据第二段第一句“Platformsconnectingfreelancerswithclientshaveproliferatedacrossvarioussectors,fromtransportationandfooddeliverytofreelancewritingandgraphicdesign.”（连接自由职业者与客户的平台在各种行业（从交通运输和食品配送到自由写作和平面设计）中迅速增长。）中的“proliferated”意为“迅速增长，大量出现”。B选项“Expandedrapidly”指迅速扩张，符合原文。19.C*解析思路：根据第三段第一句“Theincomefromgigworkcanbehighlyunpredictable,fluctuatinggreatlydependingontheavailabilityofprojectsandmarketdemand.”（零工的收入可能非常不稳定，根据项目可用性和市场需求而波动很大。）可知，零工工人的收入不稳定，波动很大。C选项“Itishighlyunpredictableandvariable”指它非常不稳定且多变，符合原文。20.B*解析思路：根据第四段第一句“Fromabusinessperspective,thegigeconomyoffersseveraladvantages,includingaccesstoalargepooloftalent,reducedcostsassociatedwithhiringfull-timeemployees,andtheabilitytoscaleoperationsupordownquicklybasedondemand.”（从商业角度来看，零工经济提供了severaladvantages，包括获得大量人才、降低招聘全职员工的成本，以及根据需求快速扩大或缩小运营规模的能力。）可知，从企业角度来看，使用零工工人的一个优势是降低成本。B选项“Reducingcosts”指降低成本，符合原文。21.D*解析思路：根据最后一段最后一句“Asthefieldofneurotechnologyadvances,theintegrationofBCIsintodailylifeislikelytobecomemorefeasible.However,responsibledevelopmentanddeploymentrequireamultidisciplinaryapproachinvolvingneuroscientists,engineers,ethicists,andpolicymakers.Byfosteringopendialogueandestablishingclearguidelines,societycannavigatethecomplexethicallandscapeandharnesstheimmensepotentialofBCIstobenefithumanitywhilemitigatingpotentialrisks.”（随着神经技术领域的发展，BCI融入日常生活的整合可能变得更加可行。然而，负责任的发展和部署需要一个包括神经科学家、工程师、伦理学家和政策制定者的多学科方法。通过促进公开对话和制定明确指南，社会可以在复杂的伦理环境中导航，利用BCI的巨大潜力造福人类，同时减轻潜在风险。）可知，未来可能会有关于BCI的法规出台。D选项“TheemergenceofregulationsgoverningBCIs”指BCI监管法规的出现，符合原文。22.A*解析思路：根据最后一段“Byfosteringopendialogueandestablishingclearguidelines,societycannavigatethecomplexethicallandscapeandharnesstheimmensepotentialofBCIstobenefithumanitywhilemitigatingpotentialrisks.”（通过促进公开对话和制定明确指南，社会可以在复杂的伦理环境中导航，利用BCI的巨大潜力造福人类，同时减轻潜在风险。）可知，作者暗示需要在确保技术伦理和安全与创新发展之间找到平衡。A选项“Theneedtobalanceinnovationwithethicalconsiderations”指平衡创新与伦理考虑的需要，符合原文。23.B*解析思路：文章首段提出大脑的复杂性和研究现状，随后各段分别介绍了BCI的应用、潜力、技术挑战和伦理问题。最后一段总结BCI的未来发展和需要解决的问题。B选项“Theexplorationandpotentialapplicationsofbrain-computerinterfaces”指对脑机接口的探索及其潜在应用，最能概括文章主旨。24.A*解析思路：根据第三段第一句“BCIshaveshowntremendouspromiseinhelpingindividualswithseveremotordisabilitiesregainmobilityorcommunicatemoreeffectively.”（BCI在帮助患有严重运动障碍的个体恢复行动能力或更有效地沟通方面显示出巨大的潜力。）可知，BCI在医疗领域的一个显著应用是帮助行动能力严重受损的人恢复行动能力。A选项“Helpingseverelydisabledindividualsregainmobility”指帮助严重残疾的个体恢复行动能力，符合原文。25.F*解析思路：根据第四段第一句“Anothersignificanttechnicalchallengeisthecomplexi