专题08主旨大意类-高中英语听力渐进式听力训练法

高中英语听力渐进式听力训练法专题08主旨大意类

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录01030204解题指导各个击破真题演练技巧提点01解题指导考点应对技巧1)从整体的角度抓住中心词，记住说话人加重语气所强调的人、事物以及概念；说话人不止一次提到的内容。2)标出题干和选项中的重点词汇，特别是选项中具有区分性的词汇，把注意力集中在有较大差异的部分。对材料整体内容进行预测。3)此类题型主要情况：一是几个选项都在听力原文中出现，要求考生辨别哪个是中心词，反复讨论的对象。二是几个选项都没有在听力原文中出现，这时要求考生对所听内容进行归纳、概括，得出正确答案。常见的设问方式Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?What’sthepassagemainlyabout?What’sthetopicofthepassage?Whatisthemainideafromthisconversation?Whathappenedtotheman?主要问对话谈论的主题。特点是对话双方就一件事进行探讨。要求学生注意对话的完整性，在答题时把双方的内容联系起来考虑，概括出对话的要点。应对该种类型的题目，必须具有较强的语篇理解、概括能力。要求学生首先听懂整段对话的大体含义，结合内容及所给选项做出判断。领略主旨大意，概括话题内容。这类试题要求我们对听到的内容有一个整体的把握和全面的领会，抓住说话者究竟在说什么，然后进行归纳、概括。1、解题指导01解题指导Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Anewoffice. Achangeoftheirjobs. Aformercolleague.M:Lisa,IsawJackthismorning.W:Youmeantheformerdesignerofourcompany?What’shedoingthesedays?M:Hesaidhe’sgotanewjobasanartreporter.例题分析例题：(2023年6月高考英语全国甲（乙）卷试题Text4)本题关键信息：B选项张冠李戴，将Jack所做的事放在了说话者身上；与A选项有关的词“company”虽然在原文中出现，但需从整体上把握说话者双方讨论的内容，该对话主要谈论的是他们的一位前同事Jack在离开公司后的近况，故答案为C。解题技巧：首先听完整对话内容；再从整体上体会主旨大意，抓住关键词。不应纠缠在某一处上，避免造成以偏概全。01解题指导一、注意开头句开头句往往是一段材料的主题句，起着引领全文的作用。即使不是主题句，也对理解全文有着重要意义。【例】2016全国ⅠWhatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Havingabirthdayparty.B.GettingLydiaagift.C.Doingsomeexercise.

【例】2016全国ⅠWhatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Havingabirthdayparty.B.GettingLydiaagift.C.Doingsomeexercise.

W:WhatarewegoingtogetforLydia’sbirthday?M:Howaboutapairofrunningshoes?W:Youknowshehatesdoingexercise.M:ThenIguesswecanbuyherabirthdaycake.主题句01解题指导二、通过话题词汇推测主旨有的材料中对话双方都没有点明谈论的事物，需要我们根据对话中的话题词汇来判断。【例】2018年11月浙江Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atravelplan.B.Anexamresult.C.Asportsgame.【例】2018年11月浙江Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atravelplan.B.Anexamresult.C.Asportsgame.【录音原文】W:What’sthescore

now?M:It’s3-2atthemomentinEngland’sfavor.ButSpainseemstobetakingtheupperhandonthefield.01解题指导三、学会归纳总结材料中没有明显主题句，需要在理解全文的基础上进行归纳总结，明确对话双方谈论的主线，不要被细枝末节所影响。【例】2021新高考Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtofryfish.B.Howtomakecoffee.C.Howtoremoveabadsmell.【例】2021新高考Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtofryfish.B.Howtomakecoffee.C.Howtoremoveabadsmell.【录音原文】M:Wedeep-friedfishthreedaysagointhekitchenbut

theunpleasantsmellstays.W:Thereisamethodyoucantry.Everytimeyoumake

coffee,drytheleftovercoffeegroundsandkeepthem

insmallbowls,thenplacethebowlsinthekitchen.02各个击破核心考点1：主旨归纳（MainIdea）主旨归纳（MainIdea）

“Hieveryone,todayIwanttotalkabouturbangardening.First,ithelpsreducefoodmilessinceyougrowvegetablesathome.Second,itimprovesairqualitybyaddingmoreplantstothecity.Third,it’sagreatwaytoconnectwithneighbors—manycommunitiessharegardeningtoolsandharvests.So,urbangardeningisn’tjustaboutgrowingfood;it’saboutbuildinghealthier,moreconnectedcities.”定位信号词：材料开头“todayIwanttotalkabouturbangardening”点明话题，结尾“So,urbangardening...”总结核心——“不只是种植食物，更是建设更健康、更紧密的城市”，隐含“益处”。题目1：Whatisthemainideaofthetalk?​A.Howtogrowvegetablesincities​B.Thebenefitsofurbangardening​C.Waystoconnectwithneighbors02各个击破核心考点2：话题判断（Topic）话题判断（Topic）

M:Haveyouseenthenewschedule?Themathclassismovedto2PMonTuesdays.​W:Oh,that’sgood.Iusedtohaveaconflictwithmybiologylab.​M:Yeah,andthefinalexamwillbeonthelastFridayofthesemester,nottheThursday.​W:Thanksfortellingme.Ineedtoadjustmystudyplan.抓核心名词：对话中反复出现“schedule”“mathclass...moved”“finalexam...onthelastFriday”，均围绕“课程安排”展开。02各个击破核心考点3：目的/意图推断（Purpose）目的/意图推断（Purpose）

“Attentionallpassengers.The3:15traintoLondonhasbeendelayedduetomechanicalissues.Weapologizefortheinconvenience.Pleasewaitinthemainhall,andwe’llannounceupdatesevery15minutes.Refreshmentswillbeavailableatthecaféwitha20%discountforaffectedpassengers.”结合场景与语气：开头“Attentionallpassengers”表明是广播通知，语气正式，目的是传递信息。03真题演练Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anoldfriend.B.Aterriblecar.C.Afootballteam.WhatdoesJohnHendersonlooklike?A.Hehasthickblackhair.B.Hehaslinesonhisface.C.Heisalittlebitthin.WhydidJohnHendersoncomeback?A.Togethisoldcar.B.Tovisithismother.C.Towatchamatch.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnHenderson?

A.HehadboughtanewFordcar.B.Hehadworkedabroadforten

years.C.Heandthemanhadbeenfootballteammates.03真题演练【录音原文】Text9（第13题为主旨要义题）M:Liza,darling,you’llneverguesswhoIranintotheotherday.W:Who?M:JohnHenderson.W:JohnHenderson?M:YourememberJohnHenderson?Yeah,Ihaven’tseenhimfor...Godknows,itmustbeabouttenyears,isn’tit?Helivesoverseasnow.And⑭he’sjustbacktovisithismotherhere,and...er...well,helookedthesameasever,youknow.⑮Hedoesn’tseemtochangebuthishairisabitthinnerandhe’sgotafewmorelinesonhisface.Andhe’sgotabitmoremoney.W:Ah,hashe?M:Yeah.Well,wetalkedabouttheolddays.Youknow,how...oh...⑯wewereinthesamefootballteamandhesoldaterribleoldFordcarwhichkeptbreakingdown.W:Oh,Irememberthat.重点语块

runintosb.偶然遇见某人linen.皱纹（此处为熟词新义）03真题演练W:Wereallyneedtomove,Steve.Somanycarsgobyeverydayandnosuncomesthroughthewindows.M:Yeah,thishouseiskindofold.Whatdoyouhaveinmind?W:Maybeweshouldhavealookinthesuburbs.主旨大意题。女士表示想要搬家，原因是每天有很多汽车经过，并且没有阳光从窗户照进来。3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Buyingacar.B.Movinghouse.C.Fixingthewindow.(2025年新高考Ⅰ卷)03真题演练W:Wereallyneedtomove,Steve.Somanycarsgobyeverydayandnosuncomesthroughthewindows.M:Yeah,thishouseiskindofold.Whatdoyouhaveinmind?W:Maybeweshouldhavealookinthesuburbs.主旨大意题。女士表示想要搬家，原因是每天有很多汽车经过，并且没有阳光从窗户照进来。3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Buyingacar.B.Movinghouse.C.Fixingthewindow.03真题演练W:There’snothingdecenttowatchthesedaysonTV.M:Nothingdecent?There’stonsofstuff.W:(11)They’vecutdownonthenumberofnewsprograms,andthenumberofdocumentaries.Allhavebeenreplacedbythesestupidrealityshowsandgameshows,youknow.M:(12)Well,theyoftenmakemelaugh.Peoplewanttowatchthatkindofthing.It’sgood,youknow.Aslongasthere’sabalance,there’sabitofthis,abitofthat.(2025年新高考Ⅰ卷)根据女士的话“They’vecutdownonthenumberofnewsprograms,andthenumberofdocumentaries.”可知，他们减少了新闻节目和纪录片的数量。11.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutnewsprograms?A.Theyarereplacedbydocumentaries.B.Theyhavebeenreducedinnumber.C.Theyfocusonthelifeofcelebrities.体面的03真题演练W:Tom,shallweinvitetheSmithsaroundfordinnerthisSunday?M:Sure.ButIneedtopackforMonday’sbusinesstrip.WhataboutSaturday?W:Okay.(2024年全国新课标II)主旨大意题。女士表示周日是否要邀请史密斯夫妇来吃晚餐，男士表示周日需要打包周一出差的行李。3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A:Aweekendplan. B:Aweddinginvitation.C:Abusinessdeal.03真题演练W:Howdo