2025-2026学年北京市顺义区第一中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷

2025-2026学年北京市顺义区第一中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂写。Lastnightwasthelastgameformyson’ssoccerteam.Everyoneintheteamhadtrainedveryhardforitandthusconfidentlyexpectedabigwin.Itwasthefinalquarter.Thescorewastwotoone,myson’steaminthe___1___.Parentsencircledthefield,offeringencouragement.Withlessthantensecondsremaining,theballrolledinfrontofmyson’steammate,MickeyO’Donnell.Withshoutsof“___2___it!”acrossthefield,Mickeytookthechanceandgaveiteverythinghehad.Allroundmethecrowderupted.Hehad___3___!However,everyonerealizedimmediatelythatMickeydidit,butinthe___4___goal,endingthegameinadraw.Foramomenttherewastotal___5___.Theairseemedtobeatastandstill.Yousee,MickeyhasDown’ssyndrome,aconditioninwhichapersonisbornwithlearningdifficulties,andforhimallgoalsshouldbecelebrated.Hehad___6___beenknowntohugtheopposingplayerswhentheywonapoint.Notknowingwhatwashappening,Mickeyranovertomysonexcitedly,“Imadeit!Imadeit!Everybodywon!”ForamomentIheldmybreath,notsurehowmysonwould___7___.Ineednothaveworried.Iwatched,throughtears,myson___8___hishandintheclassichigh-fivegestureandstartedshouting,“WaytogoMickey!WaytogoMickey!”WithinmomentsbothteamssurroundedMickey,joiningmysonto___9___himonhisgoal.Laterthatnight,whenmydaughteraskedwhohadwon,IsmiledasIreplied,“Itwasa_____10_____.Everybodywon.”1.A.way B.position C.lead D.back2.A.Leave B.Pick C.Throw D.Kick3.A.missed B.scored C.performed D.slipped4.A.clear B.wrong C.specific D.decisive5.A.silence B.anger C.whisper D.laughter6.A.rather B.hardly C.almost D.even7.A.admit B.react C.guess D.defend8.A.drewback B.putdown C.lookedat D.threwup9.A.congratulate B.comfort C.consult D.instruct10.A.relief B.key C.tie D.pity第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。GarySigley,anAustralianprofessor,sayshis90-somethingmotherstillenjoysChineseteaeachday.Afewyearsago,hemadeheracupofPu’ertea,___11___markedherfirstencounterwithChinesetea.“IplacedPu’eronherpalm,”herecalls.“Atthatmoment,anelderlyAustralianwoman___12___(hold)acupofYunnantea.Isuddenlyrealizedthatteaisamediumoffriendshipbetweendifferentnationsandpeoples.Itisaculturaltreasure___13___(share)withtheworldbytheChinesepeople.”B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Justlikeexerciseandsleep,engagingwithartisanecessityforafulfilledlife.Accordingtoasurvey,only30percentofadults___14___(attend)aconcertofanytypein2017.Eventoday,thefiguremostlikelyremainslowmainlybecausewedon’thavetimetoappreciateart—weareweigheddownbydaily___15___(responsibility).Weseeartasunimportant,butitoffersthemostrealisticglimpse(短暂的感受)weevergetintothenatureandmeaningoflife.Andifwemaketime___16___art,we’llfindourlifegettingfullerandhappier.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The“emotionaleconomy”isemerging.___17___mattersmostinthetransactions(交易)isnotaphysicalproduct,butemotions.Normally,products___18___(sell)basedontheirfeatures.However,asmaterialneedsaremet,consumershavestartedtoseekemotionalvalue.Forward-thinkingbrandshavealreadygraspedtheconceptofemotionalsellingandareusingstorytellingasatool.Whentheyintroduceanewproduct,it’snotjustaboutitsfunctionality,butabouthowitwillenhancetheuser’slifestyle,___19___(enable)themtoexpressthemselvesmorefreely.Astechnologycontinuestoadvance,AIhasthepotential___20___(create)highlyimmersiveemotionalexperiences.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAhearingaidisasmallelectronicdeviceyouwearinorbehindyoureartomakesoundslouder.Ahearingaidhasthreebasicparts:amicrophone,anamplifierandaspeaker.Thehearingaidreceivessoundthroughamicrophone,whichchangesthesoundwavestoelectricalsignalsandsendsthemtoanamplifier.Theamplifierincreasesthepowerofthesignalsandsendsthemtotheearthroughaspeaker.Therearethreestylesofhearingaids.·Behind-the-ear(BTE)aidsareusedbypeopleofallages.“Mini”BTEisanewkind.Thesesmallandopen-fitaidsfitbehindtheearcompletely,withanarrowtubeintotheearcanal,enablingthecanaltoremainopen.Thus,somepeoplepreferitbecausetheirownvoicedoesnotsound“pluggedup”.·In-the-ear(ITE)aidsfitcompletelyinsidetheouterear.SomeITEaidsmayhaveaddedfeatures,suchasatelecoilthatallowsuserstoreceivesoundthroughthecircuitryofthehearingaid,ratherthanthroughitsmicrophone.•Canalaidsfitintotheearcanalandareavailableintwostyles.In-the-canal(ITC)aidsaremadetofitthesizeandshapeoftheearcanal.Completely-in-canal(CIC)aidsarehiddenintheearcanal.Thehearingaidthatwillworkbestforyoudependsonyourhearingneedsandlifestyle.Priceisalsoakeyconsideration.However,justbecauseonehearingaidismoreexpensivethananotherdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillbettersuityourneeds.Otherfeaturestoconsiderincludepartsorservicescoveredbytheguarantee,estimatedcostsforrepair,andthehearingaidcompany’sreputationforqualityandservice.Formoreinformation,contact:nidcdinfo@.21Whathelpsstrengthenthepowerofelectricalsignalsinahearingaid?A.Themicrophone. B.Theamplifier.C.Thespeaker. D.Thetelecoil.22.Ifpreferringahearingaidthatkeepstheearcanalopen,youcanchoose______.A.“Mini”BTE B.In-the-earaidsC.In-the-canalaids D.Completely-in-canalaids23.Tobuyasuitablehearingaid,youshould______.A.increaseyourestimatedcosts B.findtheonewithmorefeaturesC.giveintotheafter-saleservices D.consideryourneedsandlifestyleBBravingtheelementsOnDec.26,Gelinne,60,waslookingoutthebackwindowsofhishomeatthefrozenlake.Thenanairplanecameintohissight.Gelinnelookedupjustintimetoseethatsmallairplaneafewhundredyardsaway,losingcontrol.Astheplanedisappearedbehindthetrees,Gelinne,aformerNavyofficer,realizeditwasgoingtolandinthelake.Heflashedonamomentfrommorethan20yearsearlier:Gelinnewasatworkinabank.Whenafirealarmrang,heescapedfromthechaosbuthasalwayswonderedifhecouldhavestayedinsideandhelped.Onthisday,Gelinnedidn’thesitate.Herandowntothewaterfront.Theplanehadskidded(侧滑)toastoponthebroad,frozenlake,farfromshore.Itwasnowsinking.Thepilotwasstandingonthewing.GelinneknewfromhisNavytrainingthatevenafewminutesintheicywatercouldkillthepilot.Gelinnetestedtheicewithhisfootanddecidednottotakeanychanceswalkingonit.Sohepulledaboatoutfromunderhisbackdeck.Thenhesetoff,pushinghisboatacrosstheice.Itwastoughwork.WhenGelinnereachedtheplane,ithadbrokenthroughtheiceandsunk;onlyitstailwasvisible.Thepilotwasstandingonatailwing,submergeduptohischest,surroundedbyopenwater.Gelinnepushedhisboatofftheiceandintothewater,paddling(划)towardthepilot.Gelinnefocusedonkeepingthepilotcalm,joking,“Justhangontotheboatasifyouwerehuggingyourwife.”Thepilotgrabbedtheboat’sbow,butGelinneknewhehadtogetthepilotoutofthewaterandupontotheshelfofunbrokenicebehindhimbeforethemanlosttoomuchbodyheat.Bynowapoliceofficerhadarrivedandradioedforhelp.Alifeboatappeared,breakingthroughiceasitarrived.Itpickedupthepilotandrushedhimtosafety.LatertheboatreturnedtohelpGelinne,nowextremelytired,toshore.“I’m60yearsold,”Gelinnesays.“TherewasnowayIcouldgethimtoshore.”Still,hewassatisfiedhe’dgonetherightwaythatday.24.WhydidGelinnerunoutsidewithouthesitation?A.Hehadrescucingexperience. B.Hewantedtoofferhelpintime.C.Heneededmoretimetoprepare. D.Hewasamazedatwhathadhappened.25.HowdidGelinnehelpthepilot?A.Hemadeacalltothepolice. B.Hegotthepilotoutofthewater.C.Heaskedthepilottograspthebow. D.Hepickedupthepilotontotheshore.26.WhatGelinnedidintherescueprovedhimtobe____________.A.generous B.brave C.curious D.strict27.WhatcanGelinneprobablylearnfromtherescue?A.Thinktwicebeforeaction.B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.C.It’snevertoolatetomakethingsright.D.Oneshouldalwaysbereadytoseizechances.CFordecades,scientistshypothesizedthatcognitivelydemandingtaskssuchaswritingorsolvingmathproblemsrequiremoreenergythaneasiertaskslikescrollingshortvideosonthephoneorlookingoutofthewindow.However,recentresearchprovestheviewwrong.Ourbrainsperformmassivelycomplexandmetabolicallycostlycomputationsalldaylong.“Whetheryou’reengagedinacognitivelydemandingtaskatwork,oryou’restaringoffintospace,yourbrainisusingroughlythesameamountofenergy,”saysneuroscientistToddBraverofWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.Infact,whatfeelsmorechallengingiswhenataskrequiresthebraintogoagainstitsusualhabits.Cognitivelydemandingworkoftenrequiresthecoordination(协作)ofmanydifferentbrainregionsinnovelpatterns,whilesilencingcircuitsthatfrequentlyfire(活跃的)together.Studieshavefoundthatpushingagainstourbrain’shabitstriggersanemotionalresponse,makingusfeeluncomfortable.“It’saversive,anditjustfeelsbad,”saysMichaelInzlicht,apsychologistfromtheUniversityofToronto.Buthepointsoutthatemotionalresponsesaresubjective:Theyareinterpretationsofsensationsinourbodiesandbrains.Andwecaninfluencehowmuchwepayattentiontothesesensationsandevenhowweinterpretthem.Weoftenoverestimatethestruggleandpainrequiredtocompletecognitivetasks.Thisinitialoverestimationcanleadustoprocrastinate,orevenavoidthetaskaltogether.Studiessuggestthatifwecangetpastthatinitialhurdle(障碍)ofstartingatask,thenthinkingbecomeseasier.Onewaytodothatistopayattentiontothebenefitsinsteadoftheeffortsrequired.InastudypublishedinthejournalSciencein2020,AndrewWestbrook,aneuroscientistatRutgersUniversity,andhiscolleaguesgaveparticipantsthechoiceofsolvinganeasymemorypuzzleforasmallamountofmoneyoramuchharderpuzzleformoremoney.Theoptionsweredisplayedonascreen,andparticipants’eyemovementsweretrackedastheydecidedwhichpuzzletoattempt.Whenpeoplespentmoretimelookingattherewardforthechallengingpuzzle,theyweremorelikelytochooseit.Ifourmind’seye,orourattentionalfocus,isonthebenefitsofanoption,overtimewe’remorelikelytochoosetodohardthings.Performingcomplexmentaltaskswillalsobelesspainfuliftheexertionofmentaleffortishabitualized.Whenwedon’thavetomakeadecisiontofocuseveryday,wewillsaveourselvesconsideringthecostsorconsequences.Tomakecognitivelydemandingtasksahabit,trytodothemeverydayatthesametimeandinthesameplace.Addaritualbeforetheworkstarts,suchasturningoffthephoneandlaunchinganapptoblockdistractingwebsites.Afterafewweeks,concentratingdeeplywon’tjustfeeleasier;itwillactuallybeeasier.28.Peoplemayfeelcertaincognitivetaskdemandingbecauseof________.A.morebrainenergyconsumption B.thecomplexityofcomputationsC.thehigherlevelofdifficulty D.newcoordinationofbrainparts29.Theauthorquotesthe2020studymainlyto________.A.supportasolution B.presentacaseC.analyzethecauses D.challengeanassumption30.Whichofthefollowingcanmakementalworkfeeleasier?A.Receivingcontinuoussupportwhenfeelingdown.B.Seekingprofessionalhelpwhenmeetingadeadline.C.Readingthickliteraryclassicsfortwentyminutesdaily.D.Breakingdownachallengingprojectintosmallertasks.DScienceshouldguidepolicy,butcautionisneededwhentechnologieslikeCRISPRhavethepotentialtoexcluderatherthanassistpeopletolivetheirlives.CRISPRcanbeusedtotreatdisease.Yetthefar-reaching,moreworryingpromiseofthistechnology—oneaboutwhichscientistsseematonceexcitedandcautious—liesinitsabilitytoeliminatefromthegenepoolwhatmedicalscienceidentifiesasfaultyorabnormalgenesthatcausedifferenceinindividualpeople.Certainly,goesthelogicofCRISPR’spromise,thegoalofriddingfuturegenerationsofterriblediseasesthatcausesufferinganddeathandexhaustresources,seemsanunquestionableenterprise.Thislogicisconsistentwithwidersocietalviews.Theideathatriddingsocietyofgeneticdifferencesthatcountasdefect(缺陷)isanundeniable“good”continuestobepervasive.Editingoutagene-linkedcondition,supportersmayargue,isdifferentfromeditingoutaperson,andcuringdiseaseisagoodthing.Butourgeneticconditionsarenotsimplyentitiesthatcanbeclippedawayfromusandourgeneticconditionsformafundamentalpartofwhoweare.Usinggenomemanipulationtoolsandperforminggeneticselectionisequaltoanewformofeugenic(优生学的)thinkinggroundedinwhatthecommunicationsstudiesscholarJamesL.Chemeycalls“commonsense”ableism,abeliefsystemthatallowspeopletosimultaneouslydenyanycommitmenttodistastefuleugenicprincipleswhilealsoholdingthemup.Ultimately,“commonsense”ableismembodiesasimilargoalofcleansingunacceptablehumanvariationsthatthecampaignstoeliminatethesupposedlyinferiorhaveheldinthepast.Peoplewith“bad”genesshouldn’tbeeditedoutofexistenceinsomeversionofautopian(乌托邦的)future.Evaluatingthequalityoflifeofanotherpersonismorallyquestionableinasocietybasedontheconceptthatallpeopleareofequalvalueregardlessoftheirindividualdifferences.Expandingdiversityinallitsforms,includingdisability,strengthensthehumancommunityethicallyandbiologicallybecauseitopensthepublicandprivatespheretoavarietyofperspectives,experiencesandideastolivetogetherwithmutualflourishing.Genomeeditingispowerfulinreshapingmedicaltreatments,butitcanalsobeharmfulbyeditingoutthekindsofpeoplethatmedicalscience,andthesocietyithasshaped,categorizeasdiseasedorgeneticallycontaminated—peoplewhoareunderstoodashavingbadgenes.Weshouldberemindedthatbadgenesdon’tnecessarilyleadtobadlives,justasgoodgenesdon’tnecessarilyleadtogoodlives.IfCRISPRisputtousetoeliminateratherthantotreatgeneticdifference,weasasocietywouldessentiallyinstrumentalizethismoralisticandreductionistassumption.31.Accordingtotheauthor,CRISPRis________.A.anecessaryevilintreatingseverediseasesB.aquestionabletoolforremovingfaultygenesC.apromisingtechnologytoconserveresourcesDalogicalapproachtoimprovinghumangenetics32.Theauthordiscusses“commonsense”ableisminParagraph4to________.A.comparegeneticselectiontoeugenicthinkingB.tracetheevolutionofgeneticselectioninhistoryC.offeranexampleofcampaignstoremovebadgenesD.revealtherootofthesocietalviewongeneticdifferences33.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastsentencemean?A.Peopleneedtoadoptmoresimplifiedsolutions.BThesocietyshouldapplyCRISPRintootherfields.C.Thisbeliefmightbewidelypracticedinthesociety.D.Thetechnologywillbeusedtocreateautopianfuture.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheDarkSideofCRISPR B.IntheWakeofGeneticSelectionCInDefenseofOurBadGenes D.ThePromiseandPriceofGeneEditing第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onceaniche(小众的)sport,rockclimbinghasbecomeamainstreampleasureenjoyedbymany.____35____However,withrockclimbing’sriseinpopularity,theamazingbiodiversitysustainedbycliffecosystemsisunderpressure.Torelievethisproblem,therearenumeroushelpfulactsyoucando.Thepresenceofclimbersatthecliffwherebindsarenestingcancausethemtoabandontheirchickstostarvation.Youshouldcheckifthereareanybirdnestingrestrictionsintheareaswhereyouplantoclimb.____36____Andsomeorganizationshaveanonlinedatabaseyoucancheck.Sometimesclimbersalsoremoveplantsandsoilwhenestablishingaroutethathasnotbeenclimbedbeforesothatitbecomesmoresuitableforclimbing.____37____Workwithotherroutedevelopersandconservationiststounderstandthepotentialimpactofroutedevelopmentontheplants.____38____Intheearlydays,climbersoftencollecteddataaboutthespeciesandgeographytheyencounteredaspartofanadventure.Itisnowmucheasiertocontributetoscienceasaclimber.Muchofthiscomesdowntothefactthateachofuscarriesatinycomputerthatcansmoothlycaptureimages,location,andsoundandassociatethemwithatimestamp-oursmartphones!Actually,inmanyplaces,climberrepresentativebodiesaretakinggreatstepstoensureclimbingismanagedsustainably.Thisinvolvescooperatingwiththeauthoritiesofnaturalparks,andconservationorganizationssothatagreementscanbereachedthatminimizetheimpactofclimbingontheenvironmentwhilekeepingregulationstoaminimum.Theseorganizationsoftenhavelimitedfundswithwhichtoachievethesegoalsandtendtorelyonthesupportofvolunteers.____39____A.Youcanhelpbybecomingacitizenscientist.B.Thisinformationisusuallyavailableinclimbingguidebooks.C.Thiscanwipeoutthecliffecosystemthatwastherepreviously.D.Whynotgetintouchwithonethatinspiresyouandaskwhatyoucando?E.Keepingexistingroutesingoodconditionavoidsthedamagetovegetation.F.Thesedatacanthenbeaccessedbyscientiststoavoidenvironmentalissuesoncliffs.G.Thenaturalworldoffersanexcitingadventurethroughbeautifulenvironmentsfilledwithwildlife.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题：第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。WhenIbeganmyPh.D.insciencefouryearsago,Istartedfeelinglikeafishoutofwater.Everyonearoundmeseemedtobedrivenbytheirburningloveofscience.Ifeltoutofplace,uninspired,andincompetent.“Mary,don’tworry.It’sjustself-doubt,”everyonetoldme.Foryears,Ibelievedthem,thinkingthatwithmoreexperienceandconfidence,thingswouldchange.Butastimewenton,thefeelingsonlygotstronger.Theideaofquittingmademefeelrelieved.ButIknewIhadtoomuchfightinmetoleavemyprogram.SoIdecidedtogetmydegreeandthenpursuesomethingelseentirely.Partlyinsearchofthis“somethingelse,”Ibeganwriting.Atfirst,Imainlyuseditasacreativeoutlet.Buteventually,itledmetoexploresciencecommunication.Inwritingaboutnewlypublishedscientificpapers,Ifeltcurious,enlightened,andempowered.Ibegantoentertaintheideathatmyproblemwasn’tself-doubt—maybeItrulywasafishoutofwater,andallIneededtodowasleavemylifeonland.Idecidedtotellmyacademicteachersaboutmynewpassion.However,theycouldnotunderstandwhyIwouldwanttopursueanythingotherthanresearch.Truthfully,Ididworryaboutwhatmylifewould