【外刊专题】英语培优外刊阅读 火山喷发话题 学案 2023届高三英语培优

高三英语培优外刊阅读班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________外刊精选｜全球最大活火山突然喷发，“末日”景象降临夏威夷从上周开始，美国冒纳罗亚火山已连续喷发长达一周时间，至今仍未有减弱迹象。冒纳罗亚位于夏威夷群岛，是世界上最大的活火山，而它上一次喷发还是在1984年。目前冒纳罗亚火山情况如何？此次喷发会带来哪些影响？MaunaLoaeruption:What'shappeninginsidetheworld'sbiggestvolcano?MaunaLoa-theworld'slargestactivevolcano-iseruptingforthefirsttimesince1984.Lavaisflowingdownthesideofthevolcanoatatemperatureof1,000C,butexpertssaythisdoesnotyetposeabigthreattolocalinhabitants.MaunaLoa,whichmeans"longmountain"inHawaiian,isthelargestactivevolcanointheworld.Itcovers5,271sqkm,andisoneofachainoffivevolcanoeswhichformHawaii'sBigIsland.Thisonevolcanoalonecompriseshalfofthewholeisland.MaunaLoa'ssummitis4,170mabovesealevel,butitsbaseisontheseafloor.Fromtheretothesummitis9,170m.Plumesofsuper-heatedmaterialcalledmagmahavebeenwellingupunderneathMaunaLoaandneighbouringvolcanoesfroma"hotspot"deepwithintheEarth.MaunaLoahaserupted33timessince1843,thedateofthefirstrecordederuption.Onaverage,thatitisoneeruptioneveryfiveandahalfyears.However,thelasteruptionwasalmost40yearsago.ThecurrenteruptiononMaunaLoaisgivinganewgenerationofscientiststhechancetostudyhowthevolcanoworks.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.erupt[ɪˈrʌpt]v.__________________________________2.flow[fləʊ]v.__________________________________3.inhabitant[ɪnˈhæbɪtnt]n.__________________________________4.alone[əˈləʊn]adv.__________________________________5.comprise[kəmˈpraɪz]v.__________________________________6.super-heatedadj.__________________________________7.neighbouring[ˈneɪbɪŋ]adj.__________________________________【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.__________________________________构成巨大威胁2.__________________________________一连串的3.__________________________________冒出;流出;溢出;（某种情感）迸发，涌起拓展练习阅读理解SixpeopleareabouttofindoutwhatitwouldbeliketoliveonMars—withouteverleavingtheEarth.ThreemenandthreewomenwillspendeightmonthslivinginaspecialhabitatonthesideofavolcanoinHawaii.TheyarepartofanexperimentbeingdonebyNASA(NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration)thatisdesignedtomimic(模仿)lifeonMars.Somepeoplemaybecomeunhappyorboredlivingunderthoseconditions.Certainpersonalitytypesmaynotgetalong,andlivingtogetherforalongtimecouldcausethemtoargue.BystudyingpeoplelivinginsimilarconditionshereonEarth,NASAhopestolearnhowtochoosethebestpeopleforaspacemission,andhowtohelpthemgetalong.Thecrew(全体工作人员)willliveinatwo-storydome-shaped(圆顶形)building.Thedomeislocatedinanareaabout2,400metresupthesideofMaunaLoa,thesecondbiggestvolcanointheworld.MaunaLoaisanactivevolcano,butithasnoteruptedsince1984.Itismonitoredallthetimeforsignsofvolcanicactivity.NASAchosethelocationbecausetheenvironmenttherelooksverysimilartoMars.Duringtheexperiment,thecrewwillonlybeabletocommunicatebyemail.TomakeitmorelikebeingonMars,therewillbea20-minutewaitingtimebetweenthetimeamessageissentandwhenitisreceived.Thatmeansitwilltake40minutestogetareplytoanemail.Thecrewwillbeperformingscientificworkwhiletheyarethere,includingsometripsoutsidethedome.Whentheygooutside,theywillhavetowearspacesuits,justasiftheywereonMars.ThecommanderofthecrewisMarthaLenio,a34-year-oldCanadian.Leniostudiedengineeringandisinterestedinspaceexplorationandenvironmentalproblems.Duringthemission,shewillrunexperimentsongrowingfoodandmakingcompost(堆肥)insidethedome.Theothercrewmembershavebackgroundsinphysicsandastronomy.Theywerechosenfromabout150peoplewhoappliedtotakepartintheexperiment.Noneofthemareastronauts.15.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheexperiment?A.Tostudypeople’sbehavior.B.Tocompleteachallengingtask.C.Togetfamiliarwithournaturalworld.D.TopreparevolunteersforlifeonMars.16.Whenlivinginagroup,volunteersshould_________.A.trytoshowtheirownpersonalityB.learntogetalongwitheachotherC.havenochancetogooutsideD.communicatebyphone17.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.MarthaLeniousedtobeanastronaut.B.Theexperimentwilltakeabouttwoyears.C.Allsixmembershaveprofessionalbackgrounds.D.Allmemberswillrunexperimentsongrowingfood.18.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Atravelmagazine.B.AsciencemagazineC.Abiologytextbook.D.Ageographytextbook.外刊精选答案【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.erupt[ɪˈrʌpt]v.爆发;喷出;突然发生;突然发出;突然（在皮肤上）出现2.flow[fləʊ]v.流;流动;涌流;流畅3.inhabitant[ɪnˈhæbɪtnt]n.居民4.alone[əˈləʊn]adv.单独地;单独;独自;孤独;独力5.comprise[kəmˈpraɪz]v.包含;包括;组成;构成;由…组成;6.super-heatedadj.过热的7.neighbouring[ˈneɪbɪŋ]adj.邻近的;附近的;毗邻的【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.poseabigthreat构成巨大威胁2.achainof一连串的3.wellup冒出;流出;溢出;（某种情感）迸发，涌起【全文翻译】冒纳罗亚火山喷发：这座世界上最大的火山现在内部怎么样了？世界上最大的活火山冒纳罗亚火山正在喷发中，这是自1984年以来的第一次。熔岩沿着火山向外涌出，温度高达1000摄氏度。但专家表示，当前态势还不会对当地居民构成威胁。“冒纳罗亚”在夏威夷语中意为“绵延的山脉”。这座火山是世界上最大的活火山，覆盖