Unit5语法可数名词与不可数名词学案-译林版七年级英语上册

7AU5语法：可数名词和不可数名词【知识梳理】可数名词复数变化(1)定义：凡是可以用数目来表示的个体名词和集体名词都叫可数名词。(2)可数名词前可以用a，an限定。(3)可数名词前可以用one，two，three等限定。(4)可数名词的单复数：名词的复数形式是在单数名词后加s或es构成的。规则变化1）大多数名词的复数形式是在单数词尾加s。map—mapsteacher—teachers2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词在词尾加es。bus—busesbox—boxeswatch—watchesbrush—brushes3）以辅音字母+y结尾的名词去y加ies。city—citiescountry—countries4）以f，fe结尾的名词去f或fe加ves。leaf—leavesknife—knives5）以o结尾的名词，多数加es，少数加s。tomato—tomatoespotato—potatoesradio—radios不规则变化：1）变元音字母。woman—womenman—menfoot—feettooth—teeth2）变词尾。child—children3）单复数同形。ChineseJapanesedeersheep4）只有复数形式的名词。clothesglassestrousers不可数名词(1)定义：无法用数目来计算的物质名词和抽象名词称为不可数名词。(2)不可数名词一般不分单数和复数，也不能直接与a，an连用。若要表示数量，需要加适当的单位名词或单位名词词组。如用of词组表示，其数的变换表现在单位名词上。aglassofmilktwoglassesofmilk(3)常见的不可数名词有：milk,juice,bread,rice,fruit,food,news,information,music,paper等。如何区分可数名词与不可数名词1）不可数名词不能再前面直接加a（n），也没有复数形式。如：milk,water,coke,news等。2）如何表达不可数名词的“量”?当我们要表达不可数名词的量时，应当用“单位量词+of”来修饰。abowlofrice一碗饭，twocupsoftea两杯茶，threepacketsofsalt三袋盐3）可数名词有单、复数形式:anegg/twoeggs一个鸡蛋/两个鸡蛋astudent/threestudents一名学生/三名学生4）哪些词可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词?修饰可数名词的有:some,many,few,afew,alotof/lotsof等。修饰不可数名词的有:some,much,little,alittle,alotof/lotsof等。5）既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词的词有的普通名词具有双重性，既能作可数名词，又能作不可数名词。但它们在意义上常有很大的不同。可数名词不可数名词aglass一个玻璃杯glass玻璃apaper一张纸paper纸adress一条裙子dress（统指）女装afish一条鱼fish鱼肉【单词拼写：单复数变化】1．It’sgettingcold.Iwouldliketobuytwo(scarf)formyparents.2．There’sonlyoneappleleft.Let’scutitinto(half)withaknife.3．—Whatdoweneedtomakedumplings?—Ithinkweshouldbuysome(kilo)ofpork.4．(mouse)areafraidofcats.Maybethat’swhysomefamilieskeepcats.5．—WeletoSam’sClub.Whatareyoulookingfor?—Arethereany(radio)?Iwantoneformyson.6．Oneofthe(fireman)gotintothebuildingtosavethemanfromfire.7．Eatingtoomuchsweetisbadforyour(tooth).8．Look!Two(gentleman)arereadingthenewspaper.9．TorontoisfamousfortheCNTowerwhichis1,815(foot)tall.10．TheheroesinthefilmAvengershavetheirowndifferent(ability).【单选：可数、不可数名词】1．Thereisalotof______andthree______onthetableinthekitchen.A．bean;beef B．potatoes;tomatoesC．salt;chicken D．sugar;carrots【名词修饰名词：名词前遇到man/woman，都变复数，其余第二个名词变复数即可】2．Therearethree________inthegameshow.A．womenteachers B．womenteacher C．womanteachers D．womanteacher3．—Do______likegoingto______?—Idon’tknow,maybeeveryonelikessomethingnew,right?A．womanteachers;clothesshops B．womenteachers;clothesshopsC．womanteachers;sportshops D．womenteachers;vegetablesshops4．Mum,wehavealabourlessononTuesday.Ineedsome________tomakeahamburgeratclass.A．beef,vegetablesandbreads B．beef,vegetableandbread C．beef,vegetables,andbread D．beeves,vegetablesandbread5．—______meatdoyouwant？—Twoandahalf______A．Howmany;kilos B．Howmany;kiloC．Howmuch;kilos D．Howmuch;kilo6．Weneedtobuysome________andtwo________meatfordinnerthisevening.A．potato;kilos B．potatoes;kiloes C．potatoes;kilos D．potatos;kilos7．—Dowehave________milkorbread,Mum?I’mveryhungrynow.—No.Butwehave________beefinthefridge.A．some;any B．some;some C．any;any D．any;some【单选：单位量词+of】1．—Howmany________doyouwant?

—Four.applejuice B．aglassofapplejuice C．glassesofapplejuice D．glassesofapplesjuice2．—Areyouthirsty?

—Yes,pleasegiveus________.A．threebottleswater B．threebottleofwater C．threebottlesofwater D．threebottlesofwaters3．—WhatcanIdoforyou？—Iwanttobuy________.A．twokilosofpotatoesandtwopacketsofsaltsB．twokilosofpotatoesandtwopacketofsaltC．twokilosofpotatosandtwopacketsofsaltD．twokilosofpotatoesandtwopacketsofsalt4．Weneedtobuysome_______andtwofordinnerthisevening.A．tomatoes;kiloofpork B．tomato;kilosofmeatC．potatoes;kilosofbeef D．potato;kiloofbeef5．—WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?—I’dliketwo______.WealllikefruitduringthefightagainstCOVED19.A．bowlsofrice B．basketsoforanges C．cartonsofmilk D．bottlesofwater6．Look,thereare_______onthetable.A．twoglassesoflemontea B．twoglassoflemonteasC．twoglassesoflemonstea D．twoglassoflemonsteas7．—ChineseNewYearising.Peopleusuallyeatdumplingsonthefirstdayofthenewyear.—Let’smakesome.Weneedtobuy________andsomevegetables.A．twokilosofmeat B．twokiloesofmeatC．twokiloofmeat D．twokilosofmeats8．—WhatdoweneedtobuytocelebratetheDragonBoatFestival?

—________.A．TwokilosofpotatoesandtwopacketsofsaltsB．Twokilosofpotatoesa