雨课堂学堂在线学堂云大学英文写作（下）国防科技大学单元测试考核答案

注：不含主观题第1题1.Homeschoolingbelongstothepastandisunacceptableinmodernsociety.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisstatement?Useyourownknowledgeandexperienceandsupportyourargumentswithexamplesandrelevantevidence.AExamplesBPersonalnarrativeCProcessDClassificationEDefinition正确答案：AB第2题2.Manypeoplethinkthatasenseofcompetitioninchildrenshouldbeencouraged.However,thisessayarguesthatchildrenwhoaretaughttoco-operateratherthancompetewillbecomemoresuccessfulintheirfuturecareer.APersonalnarrativeBProcessCDefinitionDCauseandeffectEDescription正确答案：CD第3题3.EvenifsomepeoplebelievethattherearesomedisadvantagesbroughtbytheInternet,theycannotdenythefactthatitbringsmoreadvantages.APersonalnarrativeBDescriptionCProcessDExamplesEClassification正确答案：DE第4题4.Eventhoughglobalizationaffectstheworld’seconomyinaverypositiveway,itsnegativesideshouldnotbeoverlooked.ACauseandeffectBDescriptionCClassificationDNarrativeEProcess正确答案：AC第5题5.Thesedays,itseemsthatanincreasingnumberofpeopleareleavingruralareastoliveinthecity.Discusssomeoftheeffectsofruraldepopulation(migrationfromthecountrytothecity)andsuggestsomewaysinwhichthistrendcouldbereversed.ADefinitionBExamplesCClassificationDCauseandeffectEProcess正确答案：BDUnit11homework第1题1.Thebunsarefeatherysoftbutheavyinthehandandsoggyinside.

AsenseofsightBsenseofhearing

CsenseoftastesmellDsenseoftouchEnoneofthose第2题2.Herhairwasadeepblack,croppedshortandpointingineverydirection.AsenseofsightBsenseofhearing

Csenseofsmell

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Esenseoftaste

第3题3.Thelocalstreetsnacksarehot,spicyandsaltyAsenseofsight

Bsenseofhearing

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第4题4.Ichewnoisilyandhappilylikeapuppyatafoodbowl.AsenseofsightBsenseofhearingCsenseofsmellDsenseoftouchEsenseoftaste正确答案：AB第5题5.Thewindbegantoblowfiercely,andtherainwasgettingharderwitheachpassingsecond.Palmfrondswereblowingacrosstheroadlikeleaves.Therainwasnowcomingatmehorizontallyinsteadofvertically,blowingfromlefttoright.Withinafewminutes,Icouldn’tseetheroaddirectlyinfrontofmycar.Theforceoftherainfellandsoundedlikeahundredfirehosesaimeddirectlyattheleftsideofmycar.Isloweddowntoaliteralcrawlandtriedtocontinuewithoutdrivingintothelakeoraditch.AsenseofsightBsenseofsmellCsenseoftasteDsenseoftouchEsenseofhearing正确答案：AEUnit12homework第1题Passage1:WhenIwasthirteenyearsold,Icamedownwiththeflu.Iwasstuckinthehouseforaweek,andmygrandmothercametovisitmetoseehowIwasfeeling.Shehadacrazyideathatshewouldteachmehowtocrochet.Shethoughtthatitmighthelpmepasstime.Well,blessherheart,shetried.Shebroughtmeyardsofprettyblueyarnandtwoknittingneedles.Mymomandgrandmasatonthecouchwithme,tryingtoexplaintheconceptof“knitone,pearltwo.”However,itjustdidn’twork.Ipracticedandpracticed.ThemostthatIcouldcomeupwithwasanodd-shapedpotholder.Mygrandmotherandmymothergavemetheimpressionanywomancouldknit.TheyhadmeconvincedthatIcouldhaveanafghaninnotime.Theywereright,ifyouwanttocallanodd-shapedpotholderanafghan.Everyonceinawhile,Ipickupmymom’sneedlesandgiveitatry.Then,thosehorriblememoriescomeback.Iremember:Ican’tdothis,andfurthermore,Idon’tlikeit.Knittingisoneofthose“womanthings”Ijustdon’tget.ABythefirst-personnarratorBBythesecond-personnarratorCBythethird-personnarrator第2题Passage2:ConsiderwhatyoucoulddowithachipinyourheadthatlinkeddirectlytotheInternet:Withinmilliseconds,youcouldretrievejustaboutanypieceofinformation.AndwiththecollectiveknowledgeoftheWebatyourdisposal,youcouldquicklyfillinyourbrain’snormalmemorygaps—noonewouldeverguessyousleptthroughthateconomicsseminar.(MariaKonnikova,"BrainHacking."TheAtlantic,June2015)ABythefirst-personnarratorBBythesecond-personnarratorCBythethird-personnarrator第3题Passage3:Peopleusemathallthetimeindailylife.Whenapersongoesshopping,sheaddsupthepricesofheritemsbeforeshegetstothecheckoutlinetoavoidoverspending.Atleastonceamonth,peoplehavetobalancetheircheckingaccounts.Forexample,sometimesaconsumerwillhavetofigureoutloantermsanddecidewhethertobuyanewcatandwhichwayoffinancingthepurchasewillbemosteconomical.Rosemaryworksatthefamilystoreallsummerandbalancesacashboxeveryday.Monthlyshewritesoutabudgetandmailcheckstopaybills.Sherarelyusesacalculatorfortheseroutinechores,andshebelieveshermindissharperforit.ABythefirst-personnarratorBBythesecond-personnarratorCBythethird-personnarrator第4题________________正确答案：:["Before"]正确答案：:["when"]正确答案：:["Atthattime"]正确答案：:["After"]Unit13homework第1题1."Howtodoin-textcitationinaresearchpaper"referstoaninformationalprocess.A正确B错误第2题2."Amethodforreducinganxiety"isaninformationalprocess.A正确B错误第3题"Howtofirst-aidpeopleinheatstroke"canbedefinedasinformationalprocess.A正确B错误第4题4."Howtoregisteronline"willguidestudentsthroughthestepsregistrationforcoursesontheInternet.Itisaninformationalprocess.A正确B错误第5题5."Howanadvertisementworks"isatypicalexampleofdirectionalprocess.A正确B错误第6题"Howcreditcardcompaniesmakemoney"callsforaninformationalprocess.A正确B错误第7题7."Thelifecycleoffrogs"isatypicalexampleofinformationalprocesses.A正确B错误第8题8."Howtoinstallacomputersoftware"canbeanalyzedasadirectionalprocess.A正确B错误第9题9."HowtoprepareforIELTSwritingtasks"isadirectionalprocess.A正确B错误第10题10."Waystoreduceenergyandwaterconsumption"canbeunderstoodasaninformationalprocess.A正确B错误Unit14homework第1题1.WhichisaFALSEstatementaboutmethodsofcomparisonandcontrast?ADifferentpatternscannotbecombinedinuseBThesubject-by-subjectpattern(ortheblockpattern)tendstoworkbetterforshortessaysCThepoint-by-pointpatternworksbetterwithmanyaspectsDManypeopleliketowriteliteraturereviewinthepoint-by-pointpattern第2题2.WhatisNOTtrueaboutthe“blockpattern”oforganization?AItpresentsalltheinformationaboutItemAandthenallthataboutBBItfullydiscussesItemAatfirstandthenturnstoItemBCIt’susefulforshortandrelativelysimplecomparison-and-contrastessaysDIt’sthebestapproachtodeveloplongandcomplicatedcomparison-and-contrastessays第3题3.Whatistrueaboutthepoint-to-pointcomparison?AWemovebackandforthbetweenItemAandItemBateachpointBWeshoulddiscussitemsinthesameorderthroughouttheessayCItpresentsalltheinformationaboutItemAandthenallthataboutItemBDShiftingbetweenItemAandItemBmakesthecomparisoneasytofollow正确答案：ABD第4题4.Whichquotationsbelowareanalogies?AAnovelisusuallyalongpieceinproseBHehasmanymouthstofeedinhisfamilyCReadingwithoutreflectingislikeeatingwithoutdigestingDMusicisfluidarchitecture,andarchitecturefrozenmusicEPotentialislikeadiamondintheroughYouknowthereisvalue,butitjustneedstobepolishedfirst正确答案：CDE第5题5.Whichpatternofcomparisondoyoufindinthefollowingoutlines?ASimilarity-and-differenceBAnalogyCThe"block"patternDThepoint-to-pointpattern第6题1)So,GrantandLeewereincompletecontrast,representingtwodiametricallyopposedelementsinAmericanlife.Grantwasthemodernmanemerging;beyondhim,readytocomeonthestage,wasthegreatageofsteelandmachinery,ofcrowdedcitiesandarestless,burgeoningvitality.Leemighthaveriddendownfromtheoldageofchivalry,lanceinhand,silkenbannerflutteringoverhishead.Eachmanwastheperfectchampionofhiscause,drawingbothhisstrengthsandhisweaknessesfromthepeopleheled.—BruceCatton,“GrantandLee:AStudyinContrasts”ABlockmethodBPointbypoint第7题2)Butbiologyhasafunnywayofconfoundingexpectations.Ratherthandisappear,theevidenceforinnatesexualdifferencesonlybegantomount.Inmedicine,researchersdocumentedthatheartdiseasestrikesmenatayoungeragethanitdoeswomenandthatwomenhaveamoremoderatephysiologicalresponsetostress.Researchersfoundsubtleneurologicaldifferencesbetweenthesexesbothinthebrain’sstructureandinitsfunctioning.Inaddition,anothergenerationofparentsdiscoveredthat,despitetheirbesteffortstogivebaseballstotheirdaughtersandsewingkitstotheirsons,girlsstillflockedtodollhouseswhileboysclamberedintotreeforts.Perhapsnatureismoreimportantthannurtureafterall.—ChristineGorman,“SizinguptheSexes”ABlockmethodBPointbypoint第8题3)Foreveryone,homeisaplacetobeoffstage.Butthecomfortofhomecanhaveoppositeandincompatiblemeaningsforwomenandmen.Formanymen,thecomfortofhomemeansfreedomfromhavingtoprovethemselvesandimpressthroughverbaldisplay.Atlast,theyareinasituationwheretalkisnotrequired.Theyarefreetoremainsilent.Butforwomen,homeisaplacewheretheyarefreetotalk,andwheretheyfeelthegreatestneedtotalk,withthosetheyareclosestto.Forthem,thecomfortofhomemeansthefreedomtotalkwithoutworryingabouthowtheirtalkwillbejudged.—DeborahTannen,“PutDownThatPaperandTalktoMe!”ABlockmethodBPointbypoint第9题4)TherearemanydifferencesbetweenthestatusofaBuddhaandthatofabodhisattva.TheBuddhasitserectandaustere,inthelotusposition(legscrossed,eachfootwiththesoleupwardontheopposingthigh),infullcontrolofhisbody.Incontrast,thebodhisattvasitsinalanguid,sensuouspostureknownas“royalease,”theheadpensivelytilteddownward,onekneeelevated,oneleghangingdown.ThecarvedfoldsoftheBuddha’sgarments,inkeepingwithhiserectposture,aresevere,formingahighlydisciplinedpattern,whereasthebodhisattva’sgarmentshangnaturalistically.BothfiguresarespiritualbuttheBuddhaisremote,constrained,andaustere;thebodhisattvaisaccessible,relaxed,andcompassionate.ABlockmethodBPointbypoint第10题1.IthinkitismorehardertounderstandFreud’stheorythanWatson.A正确B错误第11题2.Thoreauisnotaseasytoread.A正确B错误第12题3.DerekhelpedIanwithhisprojectmorethanBrandyonSaturdaynight.A正确B错误第13题4.Sophia’sresumewasmoreorganizedthanNick,buthisresumeincludedmoreinformation.A正确B错误第14题5.Sylviafoundthemostuniquedressforherdaughter’sgraduationceremony.A正确B错误第15题6.SlaveryintheUnitedStateswasmuchworsethanEurope.A正确B错误第16题7.Johnprefersasmallermealforlunch.A正确B错误第17题8.ThemanytalentsofLeonardoDaVinciprovethathewasmoreofarenaissanceman.A正确B错误第18题9.Thereseemtobemoredrugaddictsamongcelebrities.A正确B错误第19题10.LesliedoesnotthinksthatJosephisasqualifiedforthejob.A正确B错误Unit15homework第1题1.Tornadoseriesof1965A740peoplekilledin5statesBsmallviolentstormsCthegreatestpotentialfortornadodamageD$300,000,000propertydamage第2题2.Plainslocation,populationdensity,anddevelopmentintheChicagoareaA740peoplekilledin5statesBsmallviolentstormsCthegreatestpotentialfortornadodamageD$300,000,000propertydamage第3题3.Rotatingairmassesofabout300mphA740peoplekilledin5statesBsmallviolentstormsCthegreatestpotentialfortornadodamageD$300,000,000propertydamage第4题4.Tornadoseriesof1925A740peoplekilledin5statesBsmallviolentstormsCthegreatestpotentialfortornadodamageD$300,000,000propertydamag第5题Inadditiontoextremeoverpopulation,extendeddroughtshavecontributedtoseverefamineinEthiopiaandtheothercountriesofAfrica.

Causes:___________________正确答案：:["extremeoverpopulationandextendeddroughts"]第6题ThegrowingpopulationofforeignersinChinahascomefrommanyinternationalcorporationsrelocatinginChinesecoastalareas.

Effect:

___________________正确答案：:["thegrowingpopulationofforeignersinChina"]第7题TheemigrationofthefirstpilgrimsfromEnglandtotheNewWorldwaspromptedbyreligiouspersecutionintheirhomeland.

Cause:

___________________正确答案：:["religiouspersecution(intheirhomeland)"]第8题Unfairemployerpracticesbroughtabouttheestablishmentoflaborunions.

Effect:

___________________正确答案：:["theestablishmentoflaborunions"]第9题Violencehasbecometheanswertomanyteenagers’frustrationsinlife.

Cause:

___________________正确答案：:["(many)teenagers'frustrationsinlife"]Unit16homework第1题1.Theelementsofexamplesinclude________.AthepointBdescriptionCfactordetailDimpact正确答案：ACD第2题2.Relatedexamplesare___________.AmultipleexamplesBsimilarexamplesCcontrastingexampleDnotexamples正确答案：ABC第3题3.Whatarethepurposestouseexamplesinessaywriting?ATomakeabstractideasconcreteBTomakegeneralopinionsmorespecificCToprovideasummaryDToclarifyvaguestatements正确答案：ABD第4题4.Whatis/aretrueaboutextendedexamples?ASixbasicquestionswillhelptoelaborateandextendexamplesBOneextendedexampleisnotsufficienttosupportaclaimCAsingleextendedexamplecansupportaclaimDAnextendedexamplecannotbepersonalexperience正确答案：AC第5题5.Whatisthepointmadebytheexampleinthefollowingpassage?AMartinLutherKingwaslikeaprophetofoldtimesBMartinLutherKing’swordsmovedtheconscienceofanationCWewillredeemthepromiseofAmericainthe21stcenturybyourdreamsDAllcitizensshouldbetreatedasequalsbeforethelawandintheheartUnit17homework第1题1.Whichwayisusedtomakethedefinition“Loveisnotlikearummagesale,inwhicheveryonetriestograbwhathewants.ItismorelikeaChristmas,inwhichgiftsandthoughtfulnesscomejustalittleunexpectedly”?ADefiningwithanegativeBGivingsynonymsCGivingantonymsDRenamingthesubject第2题2.Whichofthefollowingtechniquesissimilartothemathequation,"x=y"?AGivingantonymsBGivingsynonymsCRenamingthesubjectDDefiningwithanegative第3题3.“Psychologyisthestudyofthemindandmentalactivities”isa(n)___________definition.ApersonalBformalCcircularDextended第4题4.Whereshouldweplacethedefinitioninaparagraph?AItusuallyappearsintheendingsentenceBItisusuallyputinthemiddleoftheparagraphCItusuallyappearsamongstsupportingdetailsDItusuallyappearsinthetopicsentence第5题5.Whatcommonerrorsshouldweavoidwhilemakingadefinition?ACirculardefinitionBAlonglistofsynonymsCLoadeddefinitionDOverlappingEDefiningwithanegativeFUsingsynonymsorantonyms正确答案：ABCDUnit18homework第1题1.Classificationisanorganizationalpatternthatgroupsitemsaccordingtowhattheyhaveincommon.A正确B错误第2题2.Classificationemphasizesdifferenceswhiledivisionfocusesonsimilarities.A正确B错误第3题3.Divisionisanorganizationalpatternthatseparatesitemsfromoneanother.A正确B错误第4题4.Thetopic"meansoftransportationinthecity"suggestsdivision.A正确B错误第5题5.Thetopic"partsofasmartphone"suggestsdivision.A正确B错误第6题6.Thetopic"componentsofacomputer"suggestsclassification.A正确B错误第7题7.Thetopic"characteristicsofagoodlanguagelearner"suggestsclassification.A正确B错误第8题8.Thetopic"criteriatoevaluateforanextracurricularactivity"suggestsclassification.A正确B错误第9题9.Thetopic"atypicaldayinyourlife"suggestsclassification.A正确B错误第10题10.Thetopic"jobsrequiringEnglishwritingskills"suggestsdivision.A正确B错误Unit19homework第1题1.Whatisthecentralclaiminanargument?AItisanimportantsubjectthatpeoplearearguingaboutBItisastatementthatexpressesthewriter’sviewaboutthetopicCItisthetopicsentenceofaparagraphintheessayDItisaparticularsubjectmatterthewriterconsiders第2题2.Whichofthefollowingisfalseaboutevidence?AEvidencecanbeirrelevanttotheclaimBEvidenceshouldberelevanttotheclaimCEvidenceshouldbetrustworthyDEvidencemayincludeanexperimentwecanreplicateourselves第3题3.Whichisthecorrectarrangementofstepsinargumentation?A1)persuadingtheaudience2)arguingthepoint3)makingacaseB1)arguingthepoint2)persuadingtheaudience3)makingacaseC1)makingacase2)arguingthepoint3)persuadingtheaudienceD1)makingacase2)persuadingtheaudience3)arguingthepoint第4题4.Whatstrategyisgenerallyusedatfirstinargumentation?Whatstrategyisgenerallyusedatfirstinargumentation?AAcknowledgingdifferentviewpointsBPointingoutacommongroundtosettlemattersCAppealingtoyourreadersandmotivatethemtoactDClarifyingproblemsandarticulatingacoherentperspective第5题5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsareOPINIONS?AGirlstendtodropoutofmathclassessoonerthanboysBThegiftoftimeisthegiftoflife,forever,ifweknowhowtoreceiveitCHiroshimawastheprimarytargetofthefirstatomicbombmissionDTheChinesepopulationrepresentsaboutonefifthoftheworld’spopulation第6题6.WhatistrueaboutFACTS?ATheyareopenfordebatingBTheyarestatementsthatcanbeverifiedCTheyarestatementsofpersonalbeliefsDTheycanbeverifiedbyobservationorexperimentationUnit20homework第1题1.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasconvincingevidencetosupportaclaim?AFactsandstatisticsBQuotationsfromauthoritiesCPersonalexperienceDCircularreasoning正确答案：ABC第2题2.Whatdoesthewriteroftendotoappealtotheaudience'sneedand/orvalues?AHeorsheoftenappealstotheirabilityoflogicalreasoningBHeorsheoftenappealstotheirstandardsforrightorwrongandgoodorbadCHeorsheoftenappealstotheirpatriotismandcompassionf