2026届新高考英语冲刺复习 定语从句

2026届新高考英语冲刺复习

定语从句011.定语与定语从句022.定语从句结构033.关系代词与副词044.非限制性定语从句055.总结及练习目录1.定语与定语从句什么是定语？aperseveringexplorer一位坚韧不拔的探索者

定语tastyfood好吃的食物定语所谓定语，核心是“限定”，主要用来修饰名词、代词或短语，说明它们的性质、特征以及相关状态。找定语ItisaninnovativesolutionThisscholarisdiligent定语定语什么是定语从句？Thisisascholarwhoisconductingacademicresearch.定语从句定语从句：复合句中修饰名、代词的从句。定语vs定语从句定语：是用来修饰、限定名词或代词的成分，通常由形容词、名词、数词、介词短语等充当，例如“abeautifulflower（一朵美丽的花）”中“beautiful”就是定语，用于修饰“flower”定语从句：是一个句子充当定语来修饰名词或代词（即先行词），它由关系词（who,whom,whose,which,that,when,where,why等）引导，例如“Thegirlwhoissingingismysister.（正在唱歌的那个女孩是我妹妹）”中“whoissinging”就是定语从句，用来修饰先行词“thegirl”。2.定语从句结构定语从句结构：由两个或以上的简单句组成Theengineerisinprofessionaloveralls.Theengineerisdesigninganewproject.Theengineerwhoisinprofessionaloverallsisdesigninganewproject.先行词关系词主句定语从句先行词关系词什么是先行词？Theengineerwhoisinprofessionaloverallsisdesigninganewproject.先行词关系词先行词被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称作先行词，其通常位于定语从句前。3.关系代词与副词关系词分类总览表类别功能代表词适用先行词类型关系代词在从句中作主语/宾语/定语who,whom,whose,which,that人/物关系副词在从句中作状语when,where,why时间/地点/原因关系代词需在从句中‘占成分’（如主语、宾语），关系副词仅作状语（不占成分，可替换为‘介词+关系代词’）代词三人组whowhomwhosewhoLilyisthestudentwhoisorganizingthecharitysale.主语系动词表语定语从句从句主语从句谓语从句宾语who：在定语从句可作主语或宾语，先行词为人。Yuanyuanisthevolunteerwhomthecommunitymemberspraised.主语系动词表语定语从句从句宾语从句主语从句谓语whom：定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人。whomTingtingisthevolunteerwhosepublicwelfareprojectsareinfluential.主语系动词表语定语从句从句定语

从句主语从句表语whose：在定语从句作定语，先行词可以是人或物。whose

系动词whowho：在定语从句可作主语或宾语，先行词为人。ThescholarwhoisconductingresearchisProfessorWang.Sheistheexpertwhowerespect.人主语人宾语whom：在定语从句可作宾语，先行词为人。ProfessorZhangisascholarwhomyoungresearchersadmiredeeply.TheexpertwithwhomwewerediscussingprojectsisProfessorZhang.人人宾语whom宾语whose：在定语从句可作定语，先行词为人或物。1.TheresearcherwhosepapershavebeenpublishedintopjournalsisProfessorChen.2.Thetechnologywhoseapplicationhasimprovedproductionefficiencyisquiteadvanced.人物定语whose定语代词三人组who我可以修饰人，我在从句中作主语、宾语whom我也可以修饰人，我在从句只能作宾语，我可以省略~whose我既可以修饰人，也可以修饰物，我在从句只能作定语百搭代词二人组whichthatThescholarthatwasdiligentisProfessorWang.DoyouknowtheexpertthatProfessorLiiscollaboratingwith?Thetechnologythatisinnovativeisabreakthroughinthisfield.ProfessorZhangisresearchingaprojectthatsheinitiated3yearsago.thatTherobotwhichisnamedIntelligentHelperisthelaboratory’snewequipment.Thedatawhichtheteamisanalyzingisthekeytosolvingthisproblem.which物主语物宾语百搭代词二人组that我可以修饰人和物，我在从句中作主语、宾语、表语which我只可以修饰物，我在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语

只用that情况1.先行词为all、much、something、everything、nothing、little、none、theone等代词时。Thatisallthattheexpertwantstoexplain.那就是这位专家想要解释的

只用that情况2.先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰，或为序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，仅能用that，不可用which。Theteamwasthefirstgroupthatachievedtheannualtarget.该团队是第一个达成年度目标的小组

只用that情况3.以who/which引导的特殊疑问句，为避重复，仅能用that。Whoistheathletethatisbreakingthecompetitionrecord?正在打破比赛纪录的那位运动员是谁？

只用that情况4.当先行词由theonly、thevery、thesame、thelast、little、few等词修饰时，仅能用that，不可用which。Thisisthesametechniquethatthecraftsmanpopularized.这就是工匠推广开来的那种技艺

只用that情况5.先行词同时含人或物时，仅能用that，不可用which。IcanclearlyrecalltheteachersandsomebooksthatIencounteredinthelibrary.我能清晰回忆起我在图书馆里遇到的老师和一些书籍。

只用that情况1.当先行词为all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，theone等代词时。2.先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰，或为序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，仅能用that，不可用which。3.以who或which引导的特疑句，为免重复，仅可用that。4.当先行词由theonly、thevery、thesame、thelast、little、few等词修饰时，仅能用that，而不可用which。5.先行词同时含人或物时，仅能用that，不可用which。

只用which情况1.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that。1.ThisisthatwhichImentionedyesterday.这就是我昨天提到的那个东西。

2.Thosewhichareonthetablebelongtoher.桌子上的那些东西是她的。3.Showmethatwhichyouboughtinthestore.把你在店里买的那个东西给我看看。

4.Idon’tlikethosewhicharetooexpensive.我不喜欢那些太贵的东西。

只用which情况2.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。1.Thisisthehouseinwhichmygrandparentsoncelived.这就是我祖父母曾经住过的房子。

2.Ifoundtheboxfromwhichthesoundwascoming.我找到了发出声音的那个盒子。

3.Sheshowedmetheletteraboutwhichshewastalking.她给我看了她正在谈论的那封信。

4.Thelibraryinwhichweoftenreadbookswillberenovated.我们常去看书的那个图书馆将要翻新。

只用which情况3.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。1.Thenovel,whichIreadlastweek,isveryinteresting.我上周读的那本小说非常有趣。

2.Sheboughtanewcamera,whichcostheralotofmoney.她买了一台新相机，这花了她不少钱。

3.Wevisitedtheoldtemple,whichdatesbacktotheMingDynasty.我们参观了那座古庙，它始建于明代。

4.Hislatestproject,whichfocusesonenvironmentalprotection,hasreceivedwideattention.他那项以环保为主题的最新项目受到了广泛关注。I'llneverforgetthemorningwhenwestartedourjourney.我永远不会忘记我们启程的那个早晨。从句“westartedourjourney”结构完整（主谓宾齐全），不缺宾语，用when作时间状语（相当于“onthatmorning”）I'llneverforgetthemorningwhichwepreparedforthejourney.我永远不会忘记我们为旅程做准备的那个早晨。prepared的逻辑宾语是“themorning”，缺宾语，用which指代“themorning”并作宾语。

只用which情况4.先行词为时间/地点，但从句缺宾语时需用which

只用which情况1.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that。2.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。3.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。规则1：非限制性定语从句用which，不用thatThepark,thatwevisitedyesterday,isbeautiful.“×，非限制性从句不可用that”Thepark,whichwevisitedyesterday,isbeautiful.“√，非限制性从句用which”规则2：先行词为时间/地点，从句缺宾语用whichI’llneverforgettheyearwhenIjoinedtheclub.when作状语，从句完整：IjoinedtheclubintheyearI’llneverforgettheyearwhichwespentintheclub.which作宾语，从句缺成分：wespenttheyearintheclub易错点对比“that/which

用法口诀that用法广，限定句里藏；序高only连，人事物同装；which不一般，介后逗号旁1.Thelastplace

wevisitedwasTheSummerPalace.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who2.lsMarytheonlyperson

helpshim?A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whose3.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons

theyrememberedinthetrip.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which4.Stayinguplate,isabadhabit,ishowever,popular.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whatExercise先行词成分关系词人主语who,that宾语who,whom,that物主语which,that宾语which,that人/物定语whose副词三人组whenwherewhywhenShecherishesthemomentwhenshemetherbestfriend.时间状语Shecherishesthemomentonwhichshemetherbestfriend.when=介词+which(in/during/on+which)whereThisisthecornerwherehestudies.地点状语Thisisthenookinwhichhestudies.where=介词+which(in/at/on+which)whyThisisthereasonwhyshemissedthemeeting.原因状语Thisisthereasonforwhichheislatetoday.why=介词for+which副词三人组when我在从句中作时间状语where我在从句中作地点状语why我在从句中作原因状语先行词成分关系词时间状语when地点状语where原因状语why易错提醒①当先行词是表示时间名词如day,year等时，在从句中作状语，关系词用when作宾语时，关系词用which；②当先行词是表示地点名词如place等时，在从句中作状语，关系词用where作宾语时，关系词用which；③当先行词是表示原因名词如reason等时，在从句中作状语，关系词用why作宾语时，关系词用which；Exercise1.Iknowaplace___________wecanhaveabigmeal.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where2.Ilikethecity___________thepeoplearereallykindandfriendly.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.whose3.Doyouknowthereason____________hewaslate?A.whoB.thatC.whyD.which4.Iwillneverforgettheday_______Ihadmyfirstbike.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.when5.Thisisoneofthemostinterestingcities______Ihaveevervisited.A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.where4.非限制性定语从句单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级ThisisacatwhichisMeimei’s.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句：定语从句限定名词，缩减其语义所指范围。Thisisacat,whichisMeimei’s.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句：起补充说明之效，非句子必要成分，缺失不影响句意理解，常以逗号与主句隔开。限制性与非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：关系代词which，who，whom，whose，as,关系副词when，where,forwhich等※that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句。限制性与非限制性定语从句5.总结及练习1.定义：定语：意为“限定”，用于修饰名词、代词或短语，阐明名词性质、特征或状态。定语从句：复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句。2.结构：主句+先行词+关系词+从句3.关系词：that/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why4.限制性与非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句：定语从句对名词起限定作用，它缩小了名词的表示范围。非限制性定语从句：起补充解释作用，不作为句子的组成部分，缺乏不会影响对整个句子的理解，往往与主句与逗号分开。1.Ishetheman

wantstoseeyou?2.Thehouse

isinthebackofourclassroomistheteachersoffice.3.Heistheprofessor

Imetyesterday.4.Thefamousfilmstar,

hasplayedmanyroles,willactasablindwomaninhernextfilm.5.Theseareallthethings

IcangetforyouExercisewho/thatthat/whichthat/who/whomwhothatExercise1.Theplace

interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Thisisthehotel

lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayed C.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed3.Doyouknowtheyear

theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich4.Thatistheday

I'llneverforgetA.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when5.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons

theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.inwhich