非谓语动词考点演练精讲

非谓语动词TheNon-finiteVerb非谓语动词概况01

（一）定义在句中充当除_______以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词不受主语人称和数的限制，在句子中不能充当________，但可以充当句子的其他成分，并且有______和_______的变化。（二）形式非谓语动词有_______、_________和_________三种形式。谓语谓语时态语态tododoingdone一、非谓语动词概况时态形式时间概念主动式被动式意义不定式一般式发生在谓语动______

表____________表____________完成式发生在谓语动______

进行式与谓语动__________

V-ing形式一般式与谓语动__________

表____________表____________完成式发生在谓语动______

过去分词一般式发生在谓语动______

表____________表____________类别形式否定式：以上形式前加_____,如：nottodo,notdoing,nottobedone,nothavingdone.nottododoingdone目的将来现在主动过去被动之后之前同时发生几乎同时之前之前tohavedonetobedoinghavingdonetobedonetohavebeendonebeingdonehavingbeendone学会判断何时使用非谓语动词1）Thegirl_______(dance)intheclassroomnow.2）Thegirl_______(dance)intheclassroomnowandshelooksveryconfident.3）Thegirlwho________(dance)intheclassroomnowlooksveryconfident.4)Thegirl________(dance)intheclassroomnowlooksveryconfident.

isdancingisdancingisdancingdancing→总结：★一个句子中已经存在一个________,又没有_______的情况下，另一个动词需要用_____________。连词并列连词or、and、but、so、however...从属连词when、who、that、becasue...谓语动词连词非谓语动词

主语宾语表语定语宾补状语不定式

V.-ing形式

过去分词形式

划出下列句子的非谓语成分，并说出在句子充当什么成分。1.Swimmingishisfavoritesport.2.Hisfavoritesportisswimming.3.Heenjoysswimming.4.Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver.5.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.6.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.7.Toseeistobelieve.8.Iwanttoseeyou.1.Iwanthimtoseeyou.2.Heisthemantoseeyou.3.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou.4.Heisquiteexcitedaboutthenews.5.Theexcitedboycouldn’tfallintosleep.6.Thegoodnewsmadehimextremelyexcited.7.Theshark,excitedbythesmellofblood,wentafterhim.

句法功能∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨高考考点分布：状语、宾语、定语高考考查趋向：补语考点分析02考点一：非谓语动词作主语（通常为doing或todo形式）（一）todo、doing作主语的区别：

用法例句todo表示具体的某次的动作或将来的动作Towashthecurtains

isyourtasktoday.doing多指抽象的、一般性的行为Playingwithfireisdangerous.1.Itis/wasnouse/good/doingsth.(it作形式主语）

Itisnouse_______(cry)overthespiltmilk.2.Itis(well)worthdoingsth.Itisworth________(make)anappointmentbeforeyougo.（二）下列句型中常用doing作主语（三）下列句型中常用todo作主语1.Itis+形容词/名词+for/ofsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事……Itisimpossibleforus________(get)thereontime.Itisverykindofyou________(help)us.Itisourduty________(take)goodcareoftheold.2.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人花费时间做某事Ittookustwohours__________(finish)thejob.cryingmakingtogettohelptotaketofinish1.It’sdifficult__________(learn)

aforeignlanguagewell.2.Itisnouse__________(argue)

withhimaboutthismatter.3.Itisanhonorforme_________(be)yourEnglishteacher.4.__________(read)Englishismucheasierthanspeakingit.5.Ittookustwohours__________

(walk)acrosstheforest.

u考点专练：tolearnarguingtobeReadingtowalk考点二：非谓语动词作表语（todo、doing、done均可作表语）（一）todo、doing作表语的区别：

用法例句todo表示具体的某次的动作或将来的动作Yourtasktodayistowashthecurtains.doing多指抽象的、一般性的行为Hisfavoritesportisswimming.（二）doing和done作表语的区别（多为表示心理状态的动词）

用法例句doing多指（物）“令人……的”Thefilmisexciting.done多指（人）“感到……的”Hewasexcitedaboutthenews.1.Mywishis_______(be)anartistwhenIgrowup.2.Yourtasktodayis_______(clean)alltheroomsinthisflat.3.Thefilmshowninthecinemalastnightwas_______(excite),weallfeltvery______(excite).4.Hesaidhisfavoritehobbyis_______(play)basketball.u考点专练：tobetocleanexcitingexcitedplaying考点三：非谓语动词作宾语（通常为todo或doing作宾语）（一）只接todo作宾语的动词同意提供做计划，要求答应来帮忙。

准备决定遭拒绝，敢于选择有希望。

不能假装付得起，设法学会不想要。agreeofferintendplandemandaskpromisehelppreparedecidedeterminerefusedarechoosehopewishexpectlongfailpretendaffordmanagelearnwant（二）只接doing作宾语的动词或短语分类记忆1：建议抵制享受——

(_______,______；______；_______)考虑承认冒险——

(_________；_________；________)避免推迟练习——

(________；________；________)期待成功完成——

(___________；_________________)分类记忆2：想象逃避被阻止——(_________,________,_________)保持欣赏不错过——(______,__________,_________)suggestadviceresistenjoyconsideradmitriskavoiddelaypracticelookforwardtosucceedinfinishimagineescapepreventkeepappreciatemiss分类记忆3：（介词+doing）can’thelp(情不自禁),feellike,succeedin,befondof,beengagedin,insiston,thinkof,beproudof,takepridein,setabout,beafraidof,betiredof,beworth,bebusy,leadto,lookforwardto,devoteto,payattentionto,stickto,objectto,addictto,getdownto...（三）既可接todo，又可接doing作宾语的动词

意义相同：begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer意义不同：stop,forget,remember,mean,try,regretstoptodo:停下来去做另一件事doing:停止正在做的事情forgettodo:忘记去做某事doing:忘记做过某事remembertodo:停下来去做另一件事doing:停止正在做的事情meantodo:打算做某事doing:意味着……trytodo:尽力去做某事doing:尝试做某事regrettodo:后悔去做某事（regrettosay)doing:后悔做过某事1.Theywanted________(get)onthebus,didn’tthey?2.Ilike_________(sing);butIdon’tlike________(sing)now.3.Canyoufinish________(read)thebookinthreedays?4.Hetoldalietoescape______________(punish).5.Hehadpromised________(give)meahand.6.Hewascriticizedfor_________(break)theschoolrulesagainandagain.u考点专练：togetsingingtosingreadingbeingpunishedtogivebreaking考点四：非谓语动词作宾补（一）用todo和do作宾补的动词：1.以下动词用________作宾补：ask,beg,expect,order,tell,want,wish,encourage,advise,force,persuade,warn,permit,allow...2.以下动词用_______作宾补：feel,hear,listento,have,let,make,see,watch,notice,observe(一感二听三让四看)tododo（二）特殊单词特殊记1.see/hearsb.dosth.看见某人做了某事see/hearsb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事see/hearsth.done看见某事被做1)Iheardher_______(sing)anEnglishsongjustnow.2)Iheardher_______(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.3)I’dliketoseetheplan_______(carry)outassoonaspossible.singsingingcarried2.makesb.dosth.让某人做某事makesth./oneselfdone让……被做1)Hemadehisworkers_______(work)12hoursaday.2)Hetriedtomakehimself__________(understand).workunderstood3.havesb/sth.dosth.让……做某事havesb./sth.doingsth.让……一直做某事won’t/can’thavesb.doingsth.不能容忍某人做某事havesth.done让某事被做；使……遭受……havesth.todo有某事要去做1)Iwillhavesomeone_______(repair)thebikeforyou.2)Theyhadthemachine_______(work)alldaylong.3)Wewon’thavehim_______(treat)hisparentsinsucharudeway.4)Tomhadhisleg________(break)whileplayingfootball.5)Hurryup!Youhavealotofhomework________(do)tonight.repareworkingtreatingbrokentodo4.getsb.todosth.让某人做某事getsth.done让某事被做1)Hegotme________(post)theletterforhim.2)I’llgetmybike__________(repair)tomorrow.5.keepsb./sth.doingsth.使某人/物一直做某事keepsth.done使某事被做1)I’msorrytokeepyou________(wait)forsolong.2)Hekeepshisbook________(pile)neatlyinthebookshelf.topostrepairedwaitingpiled1.Look!Canyouseesomeone_______(dance)inthesquare?2.It’stoohottoday.Whynothaveyourcoat________(take)off?3.Ifyouwanttomakeyourself________(understand),youshouldspeakloudlyandclearly.4.Doyouhaveanything________(say)foryourself?5.Weencourageallmembers__________(strive)forthehigheststandards.u考点专练：dancingtakenunderstoodtosaytostrive考点五：非谓语动词作定语（一）不定式做定语1.由theonly,thefirst,thelast,thenext以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词,常用不定式作定语。

1)MadeCuriewasthefirstpersonintheworld___________(receive)twoNobelPrizes.

2)Thebestway__________(keep)fitistodevelophealthyeatinghabits.2.当修饰词是ability,way,chance,attempt,plan,failure,decision等名词时（他们的同源动词或形容词常跟todo做宾语），常用不定式作定语。

1)Threeyearslaterhehadachance__________(go)toAustralia.

2)Hefailedinhisattempt__________(escape)fromprison.toreceivetokeeptogotoescape（二）现在分词和过去分词做定语现在分词和过去分词也可以做定语，它们的区别是：现在分词一般表_______、表_______；过去分词一般表_______、表_______。1)Theroom________(face)southisourclassroom．2)Theman________(talk)toTimishisuncle.3)Haveyoureadthenovel_________(write)byDickens?现在主动过去被动facingtalkingwritten1.Theman________(wear)glassesisZhongNanshan.2.The_______(walk)stickisveryhelpfultotheoldman.3.Pricesofdailygoods________(buy)throughacomputercanbelowerthanthoseinthestore.4.Thebuilding________(build)nowwillbeachildren’shospital.5.Thebuildi