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第9讲动词不定式2026年高考英语语法专项突破(全国通用)

(语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练)

内容提要

思维导图表格呈现对点练习单题突破综合提升

形式:3+则腕(5S:Mto+牺雕)

一.动词不定5UHS(专爆09文件核心)

特点:去一次慢/具体第来动作,特定场燃省1。

点接作:不定式・句首,词语单数(如TolearnEnglishisimportant)

1.作主语疑问词♦不定式:Howtosolveitisunknown(谓语单数)

"作形式主语:l"be+adj〃Ufor/of$b)"odo(for表动作,of表人品质)

Rffitodo:manage/expect/refuse/decideSIOSS'mecarfipshwod')

»todo/doing»X:forget(未做/已例).stop(做另事/停做事)等(iMHrogshmf)

疑蝴役突:se*/watch/mak诩,用卜,。,被动扑to

iJUBK®)类:peeuade/warn等,'b+todo.(否定'sbnottod。')

3.作扑足语—

withjt合结构:with♦名词“od。(主动、未发生)

据说类:(可接进行尻磔:)

二.句法功帔(六大核心),be$aid/reported>todo

JWRiiajH:first/la«t♦名词♦todo

4作定语最高级后:thebest♦名词+t。do

名plarveffort/ability»todo

目的:todo/inordersdo(句苜可)/soastodo(句苜不可)

5.作状语结果:too...to.../enoughtodo/onlytodo

反射不定式:be*adj.»todo(主动表被动,如difficulttoanswer)

系动词后:be/seemModo(表主语内容/目的)

Kto:主语含实义动词do,表语不定式iiho(MWhattheydidwaswatchamovie)

»to场・:观感使役1S补.mayaswell/hadbetter等句型

=.*略用法

保留t。:避■复.修不定式内容(be«词保留,如heuMfdsbe)

一、动词不定式基础及句法功能(主语/宾语)表

此表格梳理动词不定式的基础形式及“作主语、作宾涪”两大核心功能,明确各功能的结

构规则与高频场景,覆盖文档“考点一、考点二”内容,是掌握不定式基本用法的核心框架,

可直接用于语法填空、句型转换中对主语/宾语成分的判断。

功能结构规则高频示例

基础肯定式:2+动词原形;否定式:notto+动词tostudyEnglish;notto

形式原形wastetime

1.Tofinishthetaskis

1.直接作主语:不定式置于句首,谓语用单数

necessary

2.“疑问词+不定式”作主语:疑问词

2.Howtosolvetheproblem

作主(what/how/when)+todo,谓语用单数

isunknown

语3.It作形式主语:It+be+形容词/名词

3.Itiskindofhertohelp(of

(for/ofsb)+todo(for表动作特征,of表人的品

表品质);Itisimportantfor

质)

ustolearn(for表动作)

功能结构规则高频示例

1.只接todo的动词:

manage/expect/choose/refuse/decide/plan/promise1.Sherefusedtoacceptthe

等gift

作宾

2.接todo/doing意义不同的动词:forget(lodo2.Heforgottolockthedoor

未做/doing已做)、remember(同理)、stop(未做);Heforgotlocking

(lodo做另事/doing停做事)、regret(lodo遗it(已做)

憾做/doing后悔做)等

注意事项:

1.作主语时谓语单复数:无论不定式内容是否为复数,谓语均用单数(错误:Tosinganddance

arefun:正确:Tosinganddanceisfun);

2.It作形式主语的for/of区分:形容词描述“人”(kind/foolish)用of,描述“动作”

(difficult/important)用for(错误:Itiskindforhertohelp:正确:Itiskindofhertohelp);

3.接todo/doing异义动词的语境判断:核心区分”动作是否已发生”或“动作是否转换“,避

免因语义混淆导致错误(如"stoptoeat”表“停下来去吃饭”,“stopeating"表“停止吃饭。

【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空

1.(master)aforeignlanguagerequiresalotoftimeandconsistentpracticeeveryday.

2.Itisimportantfbrus(protect)theendangeredanimalsbeforetheydisappear

completely.

3.Thelittlegirlforgot(turn)offthelightinherbedroomthismorning,sohermother

hadtodoitforher.

4.Ourmanagerdecided(postpone)themeetinguntilnextMondaybecauseseveralkey

membersareonbusinesstrips.

5.Heregretted(argue)withhisbestfriendyesterday,sohesentamessagetoapologize

thismorning.

二、动词不定式作补足语表

此表格聚焦动词不定式“作补足语”的四类场景,明确观感使役类、说服鼓励类、with复

合结构、据说据报道类的用法规则,解决“宾补是各省t。”“主补如何搭配”等高频易错点。

类型结构规则适用场景示例

1.常用动词:

观感描述“看/听

see/watch/hear/make/let/have/feel主动:Isawhimrun;

使役/使役”类动

等被动:Hewasseento

类宾作的宾语补足

2.规则:主动语态中省略to,被动run

补语

语态中需补回to

类型结构规则适用场景示例

1.常用动词:

说服表达“说服/Sheencouragedme

persuade/encourage/warn/tell/ask/ex

鼓励警告/期待”tokeeptrying;The

pcct等

类宾等动作的宾语signwarnsdrivers

2.规则:接侯语+todo",否定

补补足语nottopark

式为“宾语+nottodo”

with1.结构:with+名词+todo伴随状语中的

Hewalkedinwitha

复合2.规则:不定式表“主动、尚未发宾语补足语,

reporttosubmit(报

结构生'’的动作,与名词构成逻辑动宾强调“未发生

告未提交)

宾补关系的动作”

1.常用结构:besaid/bebelieved/be表达“被认为Sheissaidlodonate

据说

reported/beknown+todo/据说/据报halfhersalary

据报

2.规则:不定式作主补,可根据语道”的主语补monthly;Theteamis

道类

境用进行式(tobedoing)完成式足语(被动语believedtobe

主补

(tohavedone)态中)developinganewcar

注意事项:

1.观感使役类的t。省略与补回:主动语态必须省to,被动语态必须补t。(错误:Hewasmade

work;正确:Hewasmadelowork);

2.with复合结构的不定式逻辑:名词需是不定式动作的承受者(即“名词+todo-为动宾关

系),不可用于主动关系(错误:withhimtoreadabook:正确:withabooktoread):

3.据说类主补的时态:表“正在进行“用tobedoing,表"已完成“用tohavedone(错误:

Heissaidtoworkherefor10years;正确:Heissaidtohaveworkedherefor10years)。

【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空

1.Theteachermadethenaughtyboy(stand)inthecorneroftheclassroomfor10

minutesbecausehedisturbedtheclass.

2.Thefamousactorisreported(donate)alargesumofmoneytothedisaster-stricken

arealastweek.

3.Withsomanytasks(finish)beforethedeadline,theemployeeshavetowork

overtimeeverydaythismonth.

4.OurEnglishteacheroftenencouragesus(practice)speakingEnglishasmuchas

possibleindailylife.

5.Thelittleboywasseen(climb)thetall(reeintheparkyesterdayafternoon,which

madehisparentsveryworried.

三、动词不定式作定语/状语表

此表格梳理动词不定式“作定语、作状语”的三类高频场景,明确定语的修饰对象规则、

状语的功能区分,覆盖语法填空中”名词后接不定式”“目的/结果状语判断”等核心考点。

功能结构规则适用场景示例

修饰序数

1.序数词后:first/second/last+名1.Thelastthingtodois

词、最高级

词+todoturnofflights

限定的名

2.形容词最高级后:ihebest/the2.Thebesttimetovisitis

作定词,或抽象

mostimportant+名词+todospring

语名词,说明

3.特定名词后:3.Hisplantostarta

名词的

decision/plan/effbrt/ability/chance/prbusinessneeds

“内容/

omise+todopreparation

目的”

1.ToimproveEnglish,he

1.目的状语:lodo/inordertodo(可

practicesdaily(目的);

句首)/soastodo(不可句首),1.表动作

Heturneddownmusicso

否定式“nottodo”目的

asnottodisturb(否定目

2.结果状语:loo…to…(太…而2.表动作

作状的)

不能)/enoughtodo(足够…去做)结果

语2.Sheistooyoungto

/onlytodo(结果却)3.表主语

drive(结果);They

3.反射不定式(原因/特征):的特征或

searchedeverywhereonly

be+形容词+todo(主动表被动,原因

tofindnothing(意外结

形容词描述主语特征)

果)

注意事项:

1.作定语的不定式与名词的逻辑关系:需确保名词是不定式动作的承受者(动宾关系)或执

行者(主谓关系),不可无逻辑关联(错误:abooktoreadit;正确:abooktoread);

2.目的状语的soastodo限制:不可置于句首(错误:Soastocatchthebus,hegotupearly;

正确:Tocatchthebus,hegotupearly或Hegotupearlysoastocatchthebus);

3.反射不定式的被动含义:虽用主动形式,但主语是不定式动作的承受者,不可再用被动式

(错误:Thequestionisdifficulttobeanswered:正确:Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer)。

【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空

I.Thisisthefirsttimeforme(visit)theGreatWall,whichisoneoftheSevenWonders

oftheWorld.

2.Shegotupveryearlythismorning(catch)thefirstbustotheairport,butshestill

misseditbecauseoftheheavytraffic.

3.Theproblemis(oodifficultfbrthestudents(solve)withouttheteacher'shelp.

4.Heisoneofthemostexperienceddoctors(perform)thiskindofoperationinour

hospital.

5.Theyoungmanhasmadeadecision(giveup)smokingbecausehisdoctorwarned

himofthehealthrisks.

四、动词不定式作表语及省略用法表

此表格梳理动词不定式“作表语”的规则及“省略⑹'的特殊场景,解决“表语是否省

哪些场景可省to''等易错问题,适用于写作中句式优化及语法填空的细节判断。

功能结构规则适用场景示例

1.基本用法:系动词1.Thepurposeofthe

(be/seem/appear/become/remain)1.说明主meetingistodiscuss

后接todo,表主语的内容、目的、语的“内thepolicy

作表特征容/目的”2.Whathedidlast

语2.省to规则:主语部分含实义动2.避免重nightwas(to)watch

词do(任何形式:复实义动amovie(省(o);

do/does/did/doing/done),作表语的词doTheonlythingtodo

不定式可省tois(to)sign(省to)

1.1heardhersing

1.观感使役类动词接宾补:(省to)

see/watch/hear/make/let等(主动语2.Youhadbettergo

态)now;Whynottry

1.主动语

2.高频句型:mayaswelldo/hadagain:Sheprefersto

省略态的宾补

betterdo/donothingbutdo/can'tcookratherthaneal

to2.固定句

helpbutdo/Whynotdo/prefertodoout

的场型

ratherthando/wouldratherdo(han3.ThisistheplaceI

景3.避免语

dowanttolivein,butI

义重复

3.避免重复:不定式内容重复时,can'taffordlo(省

保留to,省略动词(若不定式后是livein);Heisnet

be动词,需保留be)themanheusedto

be(保留be)

注意事项:

1.作表语省to的前提:必须是主语含实义动词do,无实义动词do时不可省t。(错误:His

goalisstudyhard;正确:Hisgoalistostudyhard);

2.省略to的句型固定性:"hadbetter/Whynot”等句型后必须接动词原形,不可加to(错误:

Whynottotry;正确:Whynottry):

3.避免重复时的be动词保留:若原不定式含be动词,省略时需保留be(错误:Heisnotthe

manheusedto;止确:Heisnotthemanheusedtobe)»

【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空

1.Themainpurposeofthistrainingcourseis(improve)theemployees'communication

skillsintheworkplace.

2.Whattheoldcraftsmandidyesterdaywas(repair)theancientwoodenchairthathasa

historyofover10()years.

3.Youhadbelter(check)theweatherforecastbeforeyougoona(riptothemountain

area,incaseitrainssuddenly.

4.Thelittleboysaidhewouldrather(stay)alhomeandreadbooksthangooutioplay

withhisclassmates.

5.Shedoesn'tlikethisdress,butshehasnootherclothes(wear)tothepartytonight,so

shehastotakeit.

五、动词不定式高频考情及易错点辨析表

此表格汇总文档“考情解码”中的高频考点及“易混易错”内容,明确近5年高考考频、

命题趋势及易错点,帮助针对性复习,规避常见语法错误。

类别具体内容高考示例易错点示例

1.作宾语(5年6考):如

plantocontinue(2022浙江)、

aimtohave(2021全国乙)1.2025全国一卷:We

2.作定语(5年5考):如tohope(opresent...

高频rent(2025浙江)、tojourney2.2025全国二卷:the

考点(2022全国甲)chancetodiscover...

及考3.作补足语(5年3考):3.2024新课标II

频如tohelifted(2023新课标卷:amazedtofind...

I)>tofind(2024新课标ID4.2021全国甲卷:Itis

4.作主语(5年2考):如iopossibletowalk...

walk(2021全国甲)、lobreak

(2020北京)

1.错误:Iforgottomeet

1.2018天津:1didn't

I.forgettodo(未做)vsforgethimyesterday(己做一►错

meantoeat...(未做);

doing(已做)误);正确:Iforgol

易混couldn'thelptrying(情

2.remembertodo(未做)vsmeetinghimyesterday

动词不自禁)

reinemberdoing(己做)2.错误:Hestoppedto

辨析2.2012安徽:I

3.stoptodo(做另事)vsstopsmoke(停抽烟一错误);

rememberedlocking

doing(停做事)正确:Hestopped

thedoor(已做)

smoking

类别具体内容高考示例易错点示例

1.错误:Hewasseen

1.2023新课标I卷:run(被动未补to);正

to1.观感使役类主动省to,被allowingthemtobe确:Hewasseentorun

的省动补tolifted(被动补to)2.错误:Whathesaid

略与2.作表语时主语含do省2.2009全国:Thewastellthetruth(主语无

补回io,无do不省topurposeistomake...do省to);正确:What

(无do不省to)hesaidwastotellthe

truth

注意事项:

I.结合考频重点复习:作宾语、定语、补足语是近5年高频考点,需重点掌握对应动词及结

构;

2.易混动词的语境判断:通过“动作是否已发生”“动作是否转换''区分todo/doing的含义,

避免凭直觉判断;

3.to的省略与补回的被动语态:牢记“主动省、被动补”,这是高考语法填空的高频易错点,

需反复验证。

【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空

1.Thescientistissaid(work)onanewprojectaboutrenewableenergyrecently,which

willbecompletednextyear.

2.Hestopped(drink)acupofcoffeeafterhehadbeenworkingonthecomputerfortwo

hours.

3.Itiskindofyou(help)mecarrytheheavyluggagetothetrainstationthismoming.

4.Thechildrenweremade(clean)theirownbedroomseveryweekendbytheirparents

(odeveloptheirindependence.

5.Sheremembered(lock)thedoorbeforeshelefttheofficeyesterday,butwhenshe

cameback(hismorning,shefounditopen.

-----------(他为固网|-----------

一、单句语法填空:用所给单词的正确形式填空

I.(2025高三上•江苏•专题练习)Thetheateraims(build)abridgebetween

deafandhearingworldsbyperformingShakespeare'scomedyinsignlanguage.

2.(2025•广东•二模)Fortunately,thereisahugeindustryofplaslic-freeproducts

(target)ateco-consciousconsumers.

3.(2025高三上•江苏•专题练习)(allow)forthebadweather,weshould>etoff

rightnow.

4.(2023高三•上海•专题练习)Herepeatedthequestioninanevensternertone,“WhereisGod!!?”

Againtheboymadenoattempt(answer).

5.(2023高三•上海•专题练习)Ontheirreturn,thefatheraskedhisson(explain)

whathehadlearnt.

6.(2025高三上•江苏•专题练习)Theability(smile)isactuallysomethingwe

arebornwith.

7.(2025•广东•二模)Theyareclosefriends,sonothingislikely(threat)(heir

relationshipwhichmanypeoplefindharmonious.

8.(2022高三上•浙江•专题练习)Largeramountsofcaffeinecancauseaproblem

(call)caffeinism.

9.(23-24高三上•福建•开学考试)(expose)tofreezingweather,courageoustourists

andscientistsstillchoosetovisitAntarctica.

10.(2025高三上•江苏•专题练习)Thepresidentagreed,(add)thathehopefor

apeacefulsolution.

11.(2022高三•上海•专题练习)Yetthey'rehard(beat)—whenitcomesto

recreationalofferings,includingnightlife,cultureandentertainment.

12.(2023高三•上海•专题练习)KingEdgarwasthefirstmonarch(bury)therein

1065.

13.(2025高三上•江苏•专题练习)Ihaveagreed(go)withAlicetobuysome

clothes.

14.(2025•江苏南京•模)(ease)lliibaica'svvalciblioilagc,lliclucalgvvciiiiiiciil

decidedtoconstructacanalacrossthemountains,whoseconstructionwasremarkableengineering

achievement.

15.(2025•江苏南京•一模)Foundin2007,wallsoftheruinsandthesurroundingwaterconservation

systemcombinedtodisplayamassiveinfrastructurebase,constructionofwhichisestimated

(take)4,000peopleadecadetoaccomplish.

纭含於

Passage1

(2023・新课标I卷•高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的

正确形式。

Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,

encasinghot,](taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavorite

Chinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhave(o

decidewhether2(bite)asmallholeini(first,releasingthestreamandriskinga

spill(溢出),3toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoup

explodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe4(recognize)homeoftlicsoup

dumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangas

XiaolongBao'sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddiflerently—moredumplingandless

soup,andthewrappersarepressed5handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,the

bestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem6(lift)outofthesteamer

basketwithouttearingorspillinganyof7(they)contents.Themeatshouldbe

freshwith8touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.

NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris9(rare)enough,yettwoseems

greedy,soIamalwaysleft10(want)morenexttime.

Passage2

(2025・广东•模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形

式。

Howcanatimelessstorycomealiveagain?[(stage)attheEsplanade一

TheatresuntheBayinSingapore,theCliincscclassic,ADreamufRedMansions,allrauludan

audienceofabout7,000,markingthestartofitsfirstoverseastour.

Thedancedramaunfoldsacenturies-oldtale,richwithloveand2(lose).

Asthecurtainslowlyrose,theaudiences3(draw)intoaworldoftraditional

Chinesebeauty.Inspiredbyclassicalinkpaintings,thestagedesigncombinedfoldingscreens,silk

curtains,tablesandsoftlights4(create)aspacerootedinChineseaesthetics(美

学).1hentheJiafamily'smansionappeared,5delicatecolumnsandroots

reflectingtheeleganceofthe.QingDynasty.Atthecenter6(stand)JiaBaoyu,

dressedinred,andthefatesofthe"12beauties''begantoemerge.

Thedirectorandchoreographer(编舞者),LiXingandLiChao,artfullywovethenumber12

intotheperformance—12bunchesofflowers,12high-backchairs,12colors,and12dancepieces,

eachsymbolizing7uniqueaspectofthejourneyof"12beauties”.Theirlives,

8revealedtheiremotionaldepthandcomplexity,cametolifeindancethroughthe

eyesofJia.

Audienceswereimpressedbytherichstorytelling,gracefulchoreography,and9

(strike)stagedesign,callingitafeastfbrthesenses.4tWehopethisworkofarthelpsmorepeople

engagewithChinesecultureandpromotes10(deep)understandingbetween

traditions,“saidLiaoYi,generalmanageroftheJiangsuCentrefbrthePerformingArts.

Passage3

(2024•全国甲卷•高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正

确形式。

Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tend

j(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.Theyare2

(treasure)ofAmericanheritage(遗产)

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