专题14 阅读七选五-高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（原卷版）

专题14阅读理解之七选五2020-2023年高考英语阅读理解七选五考情分析年份卷别体裁主题语境段首题段中题段尾题2023新高考I卷说明文人与自我自我宽恕和增强自信041新高考II卷说明文人与社会如何开始艺术之旅131全国甲卷说明文人与自我变得更有耐心131全国乙卷说明文人与自然室内植物及其好处0322022新高考I卷说明文人与社会体育与健康041新高考II卷说明文人与自我写文章的技巧140全国甲卷说明文人与社会民族文化传统与习俗131全国乙卷说明文人与社会人际关系与社会关系3112021新高考I卷记叙文人与社会跨文化交流沟通140新高考II卷说明文人与自我提高阅读速度的建议122全国甲卷说明文人与自我生活故事140全国乙卷说明文人与社会社会交往2212020新高考I卷说明文人与自我生活与学习131全国I卷说明文人与自我生活与学习131全国II卷说明文人与社会人际交往140全国III卷说明文人与社会社会习俗221七选五是高考英语试卷阅读理解的第二节，一篇300字左右的左右的说明文或议论文，其中正文词数240左右，选项词数60左右，留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。短文篇章结构常归纳为：提出问题——解决问题，一般不在首句设空。《考试说明》对该题型的命题目的表述是“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”。该题型主要测试考生的两大能力：一是把握整篇文章布局和结构能力，二是把握微观信息之间关联性的能力。七选五和完形填空有异曲同工之妙，完形填空填的是词，七选五填的是句子，但七选五在难度上要远远高于完形填空。七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，把握文章脉络。句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。经常采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：挖空位置逻辑关系具体解读段首题主旨句常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。承上启下句此空处的答案可以将前段和后段的内容连贯起来。段中题例证关系空后的句子是为了证明前一句而举的例子。例证的形式多种多样，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay等。时间关系表示时间关系的标志词语有：now,then,afterwards,fiveminuteslater,soon,beforelong,afterthat,meanwhile,tothisday,justnow,justthen等。转折关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑或意义上的逆转，则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有：but,however,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless(然而),still,incontrast/comparison,bycomparison等。强调关系表示强调关系的标志词语有：aboveall,indeed,surely,certainly,ofcourse,afterall,atleast,atmost等。因果关系表示因果关系的标志词语有：because,thanksto,becauseof,dueto,so,therefore,thus,consequently(结果),asaresult/consequence(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等。递进关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑或意义上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,likewise,similarly,what’smore,what’sworse,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso,evenmore,oncemore等。并列关系表示并列关系的标志词语有：and,first(ly),second(ly);first,then/next;tobeginwith,some...others...;foronething,foranotherthing;then/next,finally/last等。段尾题总结句用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。承上启下句此空处的答案能够将前段和后段的内容连贯起来。题型归纳题型01主旨概括题【题型诠释】主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；②段落标题。解答主旨概括题通常采用解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。【典例1】(2023上·浙江·高三台州中学校联考期中)Itcanbehardtostaymotivatedwhenyouareonatrainingplanandthiscanleadtoyoumissingessentialsessions.36Luckily,wehavesometriedandtestedmotivationaltricksthatwillensureyoukeeprunningallyeararound.Runwithapartner.Ifyoucan,askafriendtorunwithyou,asthenyouhaveareasontogoout,evenwhenyoudon’twantto.37Youneedsomeonewhowillhelpyououtofthedooroncoldwintermornings.38Afast-trackwaytoloseyourmotivationistoalwaysrunthesamerouteoverandoveragain.Mixitupbychangingwhereyourun.Tryanewrouteandyouwillfocusonthingslikehowyouarefeelingratherthanwhenyouhitthenextlamppostortree.Mixupthetraining.39Ifyouusuallygoforalong,slowrunonaSundaymorning,whynottryalittlesprintsessioninstead?Youcanpickalandmarkanywhereandrunasfastasyoucanuntilyougettoit,beforeslowingdownagaintorecover.Listentomusic.Theraceitselfwillhaveplentyofmotivationalfactorstokeepyougoing,withthecrowdscheeringandotherrunnerstoconcentrateon,butifyouareoutonyourown,yourfavoritesongcanreallycheeryouupifyou’refeelingthatlull(低谷期)comeoveryou.40A.Varyyourlocations.B.Stimulateyourmotivation.C.Youalsoneedtovaryyourtrainingpatterns.D.Thisisespeciallythecasewhenitcomestothecoldmonths.E.Makesureyoudon’tpicksomeonewhoislikelytocancelonyou.F.Somemusicdeviceswillhelpyoutostaymotivatedandontarget.【答案】36.D37.E38.A39.C40.G【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些增强跑步动力的方法。36.D根据上文“Itcanbehardtostaymotivatedwhenyouareonatrainingplanandthiscanleadtoyoumissingessentialsessions.(当你在一个训练计划中很难保持动力，这可能会导致你错过重要的课程。)”可知，空格处应该进一步说明不利的条件。选项D.Thisisespeciallythecasewhenitcomestothecoldmonths.(在寒冷的月份尤其如此。)说明的是不利的条件，承接上文；符合语境。故选D。37.E根据下文“Youneedsomeonewhowillhelpyououtofthedooroncoldwintermornings.(你需要有人在寒冷的冬天早晨帮你出门。)”可知，前面的句子应该是说要找一个适合的人一起跑步。选项E.Makesureyoudon’tpicksomeonewhoislikelytocancelonyou.(确保你没有选择一个可能会取消你约会的人。)说明的是找一个合适的人，符合语境，引出下文。故选E。38.A根据下文“Afast-trackwaytoloseyourmotivationistoalwaysrunthesamerouteoverandoveragain.Mixitupbychangingwhereyourun.(让你失去动力的一个快速途径就是总是一遍又一遍地跑同样的路线。通过改变你跑步的地方来混合。)”可知，前面的句子应该是说要改变跑步的地点。选项A.Varyyourlocations.(改变你的位置。)符合语境，能够作为本段的主题句。故选A。39.C根据上文“Mixupthetraining.(混合训练。)”为本段的主题句，可知，空格处应该进一步说明改变训练方式。选项C.Youalsoneedtovaryyourtrainingpatterns.(你还需要改变你的训练模式。)符合语境，承接上文。故选C。40.G【解析】根据前文“Theraceitselfwillhaveplentyofmotivationalfactorstokeepyougoing,withthecrowdscheeringandotherrunnerstoconcentrateon,butifyouareoutonyourown,yourfavoritesongcanreallycheeryouupifyou'refeelingthatlull(低谷期)comeoveryou.(比赛本身会有很多激励因素让你继续前进，人群会欢呼，其他选手也会集中精力，但如果你一个人出去，你最喜欢的歌曲真的可以让你振作起来，如果你感到平静。)”可知，空格处的句子应该是说音乐帮助度过低谷期有关的话题。选项G.Musiccanhelpkeepyougoingwhentherunninggetsalittletough.(当跑步变得有点艰难时，音乐可以帮助你继续前进。)承接上文，进一步说明音乐帮助度过低谷期。故选G。题型02语段过渡题【题型诠释】语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。如果设空位于段首，要如果设空位于段首，要瞻前顾后找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。【典例2】(2023上·江苏南京·高三南京外国语学校校考期中)InChinaunderimperialrule,NationalDaywasacelebrationoftheEmperor’sbirthdayorhisrisetothethrone.OnOctober1,1949,MaoZedongdeclaredtheformationofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.36TheholidayisheldannuallyinHongKong,Macau,andmainlandChina.ThefirstsevendaysofOctoberarereferredtoastheGoldenWeek.ThisisatimeoftravelandleisurethatiscelebrateddifferentlyinvariouspartsofChina.Peopleincitiesoftentraveltoruralareastorelaxandenjoythequietsurroundings.PeoplefromurbanareasalsotraveltoothercitiesthroughoutChinatotakepartincelebrations.37Eachyear,alargeNationalDaycelebrationisheldinBeijing’sTiananmenSquare.Beijing’sNationalDayfestivalsarefilledwithmilitaryperformances,foodvendors,livemusic,andvariousotheractivities.InBeijingandothercities,musicalanddanceconcertsareheldtocelebrateNationalDay.Crafts,painting,andarangeofotheractivitiescanbeenjoyedbypeopleofvariousages.38ThisfireworksshowisapprovedbytheChinesegovernmentandsomeofthehighestqualityrocketsandexplosivesareusedtofilltheskywithsparklingcolorsofgoldandred.Inadditiontopatrioticcelebrations,NationalDayinChinaisalsoatimeforpeopletoenjoybeingwiththeirfamilies.Familymembersofallageswilloftenusethisasanopportunitytotraveltoacentrallocationtoreconnectaftermonthsofworking.39AlthoughNationalDayisenteredaroundpatriotismandChina’shistory,NationalDayisalsoatimeofshopping.40Sopeopleshouldputabitofmoneytothesideandusethisasanopportunitytopurchasesomeofthethingsthathavebeenontheirwishlistsforawhile.A.Ontheevening,agrandandelaboratefireworksdemonstrationisperformed.B.BeijingisthecenterofthelargestNationalDayactivities.C.ManycompaniesofferverylargediscountsonproductsduringGoldenWeek.D.Eversincethen,thefirstdayofOctoberhasbeenadayofpatriotismandnationalcelebration.E.OnNationalDay,thousandsofsoldiersandcivilianstakepartinthemassiveparades.F.Thishelpseliminatethestressofworkandhelpsmakesurethatfamiliesremainclose.G.ChinacelebratestheChineseNationalDayonOctober1steveryyear.【答案】36.D37.B38.A39.F40.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国国庆节的一些活动。36.D前文“InChinaunderimperialrule,NationalDaywasacelebrationoftheEmperor’sbirthdayorhisrisetothethrone.OnOctober1,1949,MaoZedongdeclaredtheformationofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.(在帝国统治下的中国，国庆节是庆祝皇帝诞辰或登基的日子。1949年10月1日，毛泽东宣布中华人民共和国成立。)”讲述了旧时代的中国确定国庆节的依据，以及1949年10月1日新中国正式成立，由此可知，空处应是说新中国成立后国庆节的确立，D项“从那时起，十月的第一天就是爱国主义和民族庆典的日子。”符合题意，选项中的then指代前文中的OnOctober1,1949。故选D。37.B后文“Eachyear,alargeNationalDaycelebrationisheldinBeijing’sTiananmenSquare.(每年，北京天安门广场都会举行大型国庆庆典。)”提到了在国庆节北京在天安门广场举行大型庆典，所以空处应与北京有关，B项“北京是全国最大的国庆节活动中心。”符合题意。故选B。38.【答案】A【解析】后文“ThisfireworksshowisapprovedbytheChinesegovernmentandsomeofthehighestqualityrocketsandexplosivesareusedtofilltheskywithsparklingcolorsofgoldandred.(这场烟花表演得到了中国政府的批准，一些最高质量的火箭和炸药被用来让天空充满闪闪发光的金色和红色。)”讲述了烟花表演的细节，所以空处应讲述国庆节晚上有烟花表演，A项“当晚会进行一场盛大而精心的烟花表演。”符合题意。故选A。39.F前文“Inadditiontopatrioticcelebrations,NationalDayinChinaisalsoatimeforpeopletoenjoybeingwiththeirfamilies.Familymembersofallageswilloftenusethisasanopportunitytotraveltoacentrallocationtoreconnectaftermonthsofworking.(除了爱国庆祝活动，国庆节在中国也是人们享受与家人团聚的时刻。所有年龄段的家庭成员都会经常利用这一机会，在工作数月后前往中心地点重新联系。)”讲述了人们会利用国庆假期与家人共享团聚时光，空处位于段末，应总结这样做的好处，F项“这有助于消除工作压力，并有助于确保家庭关系密切。”符合题意。故选F。40.C前文“AlthoughNationalDayisenteredaroundpatriotismandChina’shistory,NationalDayisalsoatimeofshopping.(虽然国庆节是围绕爱国主义和中国历史而进入的，但国庆节也是购物的时间。)”讲述了国庆节也是购物的时间，后文“Sopeopleshouldputabitofmoneytothesideandusethisasanopportunitytopurchasesomeofthethingsthathavebeenontheirwishlistsforawhile.(因此，人们应该存一点钱，并以此为机会购买他们愿望清单上已经有一段时间的东西。)”讲述了人们应该省钱在这个时间去购买想要的东西，由此可知，空处应说国庆节期间商家有折扣，C项“许多公司在黄金周期间提供很大的产品折扣。”符合题意。故选C。题型03细节线索题【题型诠释】细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：词汇复现法、词汇同现法、代词线索法、逻辑关系线索法等。①复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。②词汇同现是指属于同一词汇范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。③代词线索法：英语文章中代词出现的频率极高，代词一般用来指代前面提及的名词，考生如果能巧妙地利用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数就可以准确而快速地解题。④逻辑关系线索法：一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。考生可利用文章的考生可利用文章的复现特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。还可以利用词汇同现、句子中的一些代词，找到同现的词。另外，如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，作出正确的判断。【典例3】(2023上·江苏盐城·高三盐城市伍佑中学校联考阶段练习)Afavoritemusicaltunecanfuelpositivememories,boostyourmood,andcreatearelaxingsetting.36Herearesomewaystodigintothepowerofmusic。Havingtroublestayingmotivatedduringworkout?37ResearchintheNovember2019PsychologyofSportandExercisefoundthatupbeatmusiccanmakeaworkoutseemlesschallengingandmoreenjoyable.Inthestudy,peopleperformedhigh-intensityintervaltraining(HIIT).Theexercisersinthemusicgroupreportedenjoyingtheirworkoutmorethanthoseintheslowornon-musicgroups.38Butwakinguptoapleasanttoneinsteadofasharpalarmcanreducemorningsleepinessandimproveefficiency,suggestsastudypublishedonlineJan.28,2020,byPLoSOne.Setyoursmartphonealarmtoplaysoft,harmonicsoundsorarelaxingtune.Musichelpstorelievestressinamedicalprocedure.Ananalysisof72trialsinvolvingalmost7,000patientsfoundthatpatientswholistenedtomusicbefore,during,andaftersurgeryreportedlesspain.Earlierstudieshadfoundthatlisteningtomusicduringdentalworkloweredpeople’sanxietylevels.Musicproducesacalmingeffectbystimulatingthebrain’spleasureregion.Therightchoiceofmusicalsoappearstobenecessary.I39“Musicthatispredictablecanpromotefeelingsofcontrolandcalm,”shesays.Manystudieshaveshownthatstudentswholistentoslowandpeacefulsoundshavelessanxiety.AccordingtoDiaz-Falcon,thesesoundsprovideacalmingenvironmentandblockdistractionsinyourthoughtprocess.Shesays,“Peacefulmusicisalsobelievedtoactivateareasinyourbrainresponsibleforanalyticallythinkingandcreativity,aswellasincreasingthebrain’sabilitytoabsorbandstoreinformation.”40A.Trysomerelaxingmusic.B.Turnupsomemusicwithafastbeat.C.Musichaslongservedasasleepaid.D.ProfessorDiaz-Falconsaysmusiccanincreaseyourenergy.E.Trylisteningtosuchsoundsthenexttimeyoufaceacomplextask.F.Peoplerespondbesttofamiliarmusic,accordingtoProfessorDiaz-Falcon.G.Usedinspecificways,musicisalsoavaluabletoolforsupportingyourhealth.【答案】36.G37.B38.C39.F40.E【解析】本文是说明文。喜欢的音乐曲调可以激发积极的记忆，提升你的情绪，并创造一个放松的环境。文章介绍了一些发掘音乐的力量的方式。36.【答案】G【解析】前文“Afavoritemusicaltunecanfuelpositivememories,boostyourmood,andcreatearelaxingsetting.(一首最喜欢的音乐曲调可以激发积极的记忆，提升你的情绪，并创造一个放松的环境。)”说明音乐有很多好处，选项G中有个also，也是再说音乐的好处。且下文与选项的specificways相照应。G项“以特定的方式使用，音乐也是一个支持你的健康的宝贵的工具”符合语境，故选G。37.B设空处后文提到“ResearchintheNovember2019PsychologyofSportandExercisefoundthatupbeatmusiccanmakeaworkoutseemlesschallengingandmoreenjoyable(2019年11月的运动和锻炼心理学研究发现，乐观的音乐可以让锻炼看起来不那么具有挑战性，而更令人愉快)”这里的“upbeat”与B项中的“fastbeat”相对应。因此推断B项“打开一些快节奏的音乐”符合语境。故选B。38.C设空处为段首。且设空后方有一个转折连词but，后文“Butwakinguptoapleasanttoneinsteadofasharpalarmcanreducemorningsleepinessandimproveefficiency”讲到要伴随愉快的音调的音乐起床，跟睡眠有关。C项中的“asleepaid”一致，因此推断C项“音乐长期以来都作为一种音乐辅助”符合语境。故选C。39.F设空处前面“Therightchoiceofmusicalsoappearstobenecessary.”提到正确的音乐选择是有必要的。所以设空与音乐的选择有关。F项“根据ProfessorDiaz-Falcon教授，人们对熟悉的音乐反应最好”与之相符。故选F。40.E本段第一句“Manystudieshaveshownthatstudentswholistentoslowandpeacefulsoundshavelessanxiety.”提到很多研究表明，听慢而平和的音乐的学生表现的没有那么焦虑，下文对这种音乐的作用进行解释。E项中的“suchsounds”指代的是这种声音。因此推断E项“下一次你面对一个复杂的任务时，尝试听听这样的音乐”符合语境。故选E。高考练场题型01主旨概括题(2023年全国II卷英语真题七选五)Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia,I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately,thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember,though,whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.•Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.ThesesmallstudiesYou’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.•Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.37•Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.38Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub;we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.•39Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反馈)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.40Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.A.Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.题型02语段过渡题(2023年新高考全国I卷英语真题七选五)PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯错)ishuman.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”Onthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.38Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché(陈词滥调)thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.题型03细节线索题(2023年全国乙卷英语真题七选五)Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.36,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.37.Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“38.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.39.Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“40,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding名校模拟(1)(2023·浙江·德清县高级中学校考模拟预测)AcrossAsiamanypeoplehavejustwitnessedthenaturalwonderthatisatotalsolareclipse.1Thisweek’stotaleclipsecouldbeseenineasternIndiabeforeslowlymovingacrossBurma,Bangladesh,Bhutan,China,Japan,andthePacificOcean.Yesterday,whenitreachedeasternChina,peopleflocked(聚集)intothestreetstowitnesstheastronomicalwonder.Asdaylightdisappearedandtheskyquicklydarkened.2CitiessuchasShanghaiwereplungedinto(陷入)darknessduringwhatisthoughttobethelongesttotaleclipseofthe21stcentury.Itlasted6minutesand39seconds.Totalsolareclipsesofsuchalongdurationareveryrareevents.3ShaoZhenyi,anastronomerattheShanghaiAstronomicalObservatoryinChinaexplained:“We’llhavetowaitafewhundredyearsforanotheropportunitytoobserveasolareclipsethatlaststhislong?soit’saveryspecialopportunity.‘‘Butwhilemillionscelebratethisphenomenon,itshouldberememberedthattotaleclipseshavenotalwaysbeensuchtreasuredevents.Manyculturestraditionallybelievedthatatotaleclipsewasabadomen(凶兆)orasupernaturalevent.4Othersbelievedthattheeclipsesignifiedoncomingdisasters.Nowadaysitappearsthatthesefearsandsuperstitions(迷信)arelongforgotten.AsdaylightonceagainfloodedAsiancitiessuchasShanghai,whoopsandcheerscouldbeheardamongthegatheredcrowds.Reflectingonwhathadjusthappened,oneShanghairesidentdescribedtheeclipseas“eerie”(怪诞的，奇异的),whileanothersaid“It’slikemagic,thedayturnsintonightinsuchashortperiodoftime.IhavenoideawhereIamrightnow.5A.Itfeelslikeadifferentworld.B.Theyhappenbutonceinalifetime.C.Thosewatchingwereleftfarfromdisappointed.D.SomebelievedthatevilgodswereeatingtheSun.E.Peoplewerefrightenedbythesuddendarkness.F.Somepeoplethoughtitwasanaturalwonder.G.AtotalsolareclipseoccurswhentheSun,MoonandEarthlineupinsuchawaythatourviewoftheSunistotallyhiddenbytheMoon.(2)(2023·广东·东莞市东华高级中学校联考模拟预测)Haveyoueversetagoalforyourself,likegettingfit,makinghonorroll,orbeingpickedforateam?Likelotsofpeople,maybeyoustartedoutdoinggreat,butthenlostsomeofthatdriveandhadtroublegettingmotivatedagain.1Itallcomesdowntogoodplanning,realisticexpectations,andastick-to-itattitude.Here’swhatyouneedtodo:First,knowyourgoal.Startbywritingdownyourmajorgoal.Forexample,“Iwanttomakehonorroll,”or“Iwanttogetfitenoughtomakethecross-countryteam,”oreven,“IwanttoplayintheOlympics”areallmajorgoalsbecausethey’rethefinalthingthegoal‘setterwantstoseehappen.2That’showpeoplegetthingsdone.Youjusthavetorememberthatthebiggerthegoal,themoreworkittakestogetthere.Makeitspecific.It’seasiertoplanforandmasteraspecificgoalthananunclearone.3That’sprettyunclear.Makeitspecificbydefiningwhatyouwanttoachieve,whyyouwanttogetfit,andbywhen.Thishelpsyoumakeaplantoreachyourgoal.4Peopleoftenabandontheirgoalsbecausetheirexpectationsareunreasonable.Partofstayingmotivatedisbeingrealisticaboutwhatyoucanachievewithinthetime-frameyou’veplanned.CompetingontheOlympicskiteamisaworkablegoalifyouare15andalreadyastarskier.Butifyou’re18andonlyjusttakingyourfirstlesson,timeisn’texactlyonyourside.Breakitdown.Makinganychangetakesself-discipline.Youneedtopayconstantattentionsoyoudon’tgetsidetracked.5Forexample,let’ssayyouwanttorunamarathon.Ifit’sFebruaryandthemarathonisinAugust,that’sarealistictime-frametoprepare.Startbyplanningtorun2milesandworkupgraduallytothedistanceyouneed.A.Makeitrealistic.B.It’sOKtodreambig.C.Whatifyoukeepslippingup?D.Let’ssayyourgoalistogetfit.E.Sohowdoyoustaymotivatedandontrackwithyourgoal?F.Onewaytomakethiseasieristobreakabiggoalintosmallsteps.G.Findingthemotivationtodoitisn’tnecessarilyeasy,butitisalwayspossible.(3)（2023上·广东·高三华南师大附中南海实验高中校考阶段练习）Howmuchtimedoesittakeyoutosleep,eatandcommuteeveryday?1Thatcase,timeislimitedforyoutodoothermeaningfulthings.Managingyourtimeeffectively,therefore,becomesamatterofcriticalimportance.Herearemanythingsyoucando.Workoutaplaninadvance.2Thiswillgiveyouameasureofcontroloverwhatisgoingtohappen.Whetheritisaplannerthatyoustickonthewalloracalendarapponyoursmartphone,findinganorganizingtoolthatworkswellforyouisessential.Then,recordallimportanteventssuchasexams,projectsandrehearsals,sothatyoucanprepareaccordingly.3Thisisabouttheskilloforganization.Itreferstoarrangingyourpersonalspaceathome.Sowhendoingyourhomework,youareinatidyplace,freefromdistractions.Thisincludesputtingawayyourmobilephoneuntilyouhavefinishedeverythingthatneedstobedone.Prioritize(优先考虑)whatneedsdoing.Thereisonlyalimitedamountoftimeinaday,andevenwithgoodplanningandorganization,itisnotalwayspossibletocompleteeverythingthatneedstobedone.Insuchcircumstances,youwillhavetodecidewhichtaskshouldbecompletedfirst.Youshouldclassifytheactivitiesonthebasisoftheirurgencyandimportance.4Thenyoucanfocusonyourobjectiveandsticktoit.Onceyoustarttakinglittlestepseverydaytoplan,organizeandprioritizetheactivitiesyouintendtodevoteyourenergy,skillsandtalentsto,youcansparemoretimetostaywithfamilyandfriends,pursueahobbyorworkonpersonaldevelopment.5A.Createfavourableconditions.B.Thisclassificationisyourultimategoal.C.Balancingthemisreallyachallengeforyou.D.Thisclassificationwillhelpdetermineyourpriority.E.Thinkaboutupcomingeventsandmakeato-dolist.F.Thesebasicactivitiestakeupanenormouspartofyourday.G.Youwillendupreaping(收获)therewardsoftimemanagement.(4)（2023上·湖北·高三华中师大一附中校考期中）SomepalsandIwereinthemidstofapinballcompetitionatabartheothernightwhenthemachinekeptbreakingdown.Wecalledoveraverybusyemployeewho’sresponsibleforhelpingkeeptheplacerunning.Heputeverythingasidetofixourproblematicpinballmachinetwice.1Acoupleoftheguysimmediatelyobjected,sayingtheemployeewasjustdoingthejobhewaspaidtodo.Iinsistedandgotthegrouptoagreetotheplan,althoughsomewhatreluctantly.

Mypinballwizarddidn’tstretchouthishand,buthowmanytimeshavewerunacrossthosepaymentscreensthatsuggesta20%tipforbeinghandedasandwichweordered?2Thereisdatatobackupthetrend:66%ofAmericanadultshaveanegativeviewoftipping,and32%saythey’resickofthosepayment-screenhints,accordingtoarecentBankratesurvey.

3IadmittherearetimesIsuspectthetippingthinghasgonetoofar-say,whenI’mataself-checkoutlineandthere’sstillrequesttoleavesomethingextra.ButI’mgenerallywillingtoerronthesideofcaution:Ifs