国际交流英语视听说B4U6课件

Unit6HealthandFitnessBook4Listening1seminarn.

专题研讨会pesticiden.杀虫剂flame-retardantn.阻燃剂a.阻燃的leadn.

铅chipv.

掉碎片flakev.成片（剥落）swordfishn.剑鱼mercuryn.汞，水银pollutantn.

污染物persistv.继续存在powerplantn.发电厂inmoderation（饮酒或吸烟等）有节制地，适度地textv.发短信radiationn.辐射物；放射物headsetn.（带有麦克风的）耳机Announcer:Everyone,IjustwanttothankDr.WallaceagainforbeingthefirstguestspeakerinourHealthlineseries.Wehopethatthisisthefirstofmanyseminarsabouthealthylivingintoday’sworld.Dr.Wallace:Itwasmypleasuretobehere.Announcer:So,nowyou’veheardwhatDr.Wallacehastosayaboutpesticidesandhowtheyrelatetoourhealthandtheenvironment.Let’sopenthefloorupforquestions.Wewouldappreciatehearingfromyou.Ithinkwehaveourfirstquestion.Goahead,sir.MaleSpeaker1:OK.Here’smyquestion.Dr.Wallace,Iheardthatflame-retardantsarenowturningupinthehumanbody.Isthistrue,andifso,howdangerousarethosechemicals?Tobecontinued>>>Listening1Dr.Wallace:Allright.Well,flame-retardants—whicharechemicalsthatmakeproductsdifficulttoburn—areaddedtojustaboutanyproductthatcanburn,andtheysavehundredsoflivesayearintheUnitedStatesalone.Unfortunately,onefamilyofflame-retardantcompoundscalledPBDEshavebeenshowingupinthebloodofhumans,butlittleisknownabouttheirimpactonourhealth.Inhighamounts,theyhavecausedhealthproblemsinlaboratoryanimals.However,itlooksasthoughthesmallamountsofPBDEsthatnormallyaccumulateinthehumanbodyaren’tworthworryingabout.Announcer:Thankyou,Doctor.Wehaveanotherquestion.Thewomaninthethirdrow.Goahead.Tobecontinued>>>Listening1FemaleSpeaker1:Hi,Dr.Wallace.I’mamotheroftwoyoungchildren,andIrecentlymovedintoanewapartment.Ijustfoundoutthatthewallsarepaintedwithleadpaint.WhatshouldIdo?Dr.Wallace:Well,it’sknownthatevenverysmallamountsofleadcancausebraindamageinchildren.Ifthepaintischippingorflaking,callyourlandlord.It’shisorherresponsibilitytofixtheproblem.Anothergoodoptionistomove,butifyoucan’t,atleastmakesurethatyourchildrenaren’texposedtopaintchipsordust.Announcer:Thatsoundslikegoodadvice.Let’stakeanotherquestion.OK,goahead.Tobecontinued>>>Listening1MaleSpeaker2:Hello,Doctor.Ieatalotofseafood—especiallyswordfishandtuna.Isthereanydangertomefrommercuryinthosefish?Dr.Wallace:Mercuryisaverydangerouspollutantwhichpersistsforalongtimeintheenvironment.Itneedstobetakenseriouslybecausemercurypoisoningcanpermanentlydamagememoryandourabilitytolearn.Coal-burningpowerplantsareamajorsourceofmercury.Itgetsintothewaterandintothebodiesofthesmallestanimalsfirst.Thesesmallanimalsareeatenbylargerones,whicharetheneatenbyevenlargerones,andsoonupthefoodchain.Tobecontinued>>>Listening1Dr.Wallace:Largefishatthetopofthefoodchain,suchastunaandswordfish,accumulatehighamountsofmercury—andpassitontopeoplewhoeatseafood.Now,itdoesn’tappearthattracesofmercuryinthebloodareaseriousproblem,butIcouldbewrong.Eatingtoomuchofthosefishcouldraisetheamountofmercuryinyourbodytoadangerouslevel,soIwouldadviseyoutoeattheminmoderation—meaningareasonableamount.Announcer:Well,itlookslikewehavetimeforonemorequestion.Theladyintheredshirt.Goahead.FemaleSpeaker2:Helloandthanksfortakingmyquestion.WhatI’mconcernedaboutismyconstantcell-phoneuse.Couldithaveanegativeimpactonmyhealth?Tobecontinued>>>Listening1Dr.Wallace:That’saninterestingquestionandoneI’msuremanyareconcernedabout.Onecommonconcernisthedangerofdrivingandusingacellphoneatthesametime.Cellphonestakeourattentionofftheroad,andthatcanleadtoaccidents.Thesolutiontothatproblemissimple:turnoffyourcellphonewhiledriving,anddon’tevertextmessagewhiledriving.Anotherconcernhastodowithradiation.Forthoseofyouwhoaren’tfamiliarwiththis—radiationisenergythatcertainmachinesandsomesubstancesproduce.Largeamountsofradiationcanbedangerous.Cellphonessendinformationusingradiation,sonaturallywe’reexposedtothatradiationwhenweuseourphone.Tobecontinued>>>Listening1Dr.Wallace:Cell-phoneradiationhascausedbraincancerinrats,butitsdangertohumansisdifficulttoassess.Somestudieshaveindicatedthatcellphonesaresafe,butsomeotherstudiesseemtolinkcell-phoneradiationwithbraincancerinhumans,especiallyinpeoplewhohavebeenusingcellphonesforadecadeorlonger.I’mnotaltogethersurethatyoucaneliminateradiationexposurefromcellphones,butpeoplewhoareconcernedaboutitcanreducetheriskbyusingaheadset.Thiskeepsthephoneawayfromyourheadandexposesyoutolessradiation.Announcer:I’mafraidthat’sallthetimewehave.Thanksverymuch,Dr.Wallace,fortheinformationandadvice.We’llseeyouallatnextmonth’sseminaraboutorganicfoods.Listening1Listening2bouldern.大圆石boulderingn.抱石（新兴的攀岩运动之一，与传统攀爬形式不同，其高度往往只在四至六米之间，无须携带复杂的保护装备）freesoloclimbingn.无保护攀岩thrilln.引起激动的事物Jennifer:Hi,Stan.Howareyou?Howwasyourday?Stan:Hi,Jennifer.Itwasgreat.IspenttodayatYosemiteNationalPark.Iwasrockclimbing.Jennifer:Thatmusthavebeenfun.Howlonghaveyoubeenrockclimbing?Stan:Well,Istarteddoingitforexerciseafewyearsago.Ahalfhourofrockclimbingisequivalenttoaboutanhourofjogging,andIwasclimbingforthreehourstoday.Jennifer:Youmustbeexhausted.Stan:Oh,yes,it’sreallychallenging.Andit’sgreatstrengthtrainingtoo,forjustabouteverymuscleinthebody.Jennifer:Butisn’titalittledangerous?Listening2Tobecontinued>>>Stan:Well,thatreallydependsonwhichversionofclimbingyoudo.Indoorclimbingtakesplaceinaclimbinggym.Youcanusesafetyropesthatcatchyouifyoufall.Thewallsareprettyeasytoclimb—nottoohigh—andthefloorisusuallyprettysoft,soitdoesn’thurtsomuchifyoudofall.Jennifer:Itmustbeprettysafe,then,huh?Stan:Itis,andit’sbecomingreallypopular.Priorto1980,thereweren’tanyclimbinggymsintheU.S.Sincethenthere’sbeenabigexpansion,andtodaythereareclimbinggymsinall50states.Andit’snotjustinthiscountry.Theexpansionhasbeenglobal,too.Therearethousandsofclimbinggymsaroundtheworld.Jennifer:Ididn’tknowitwassopopular!Listening2Tobecontinued>>>Stan:Oh,definitely.Butastepupindifficultyfromindoorclimbingisoutdoorclimbingonhugerocks,youknow,bouldersthataremaybe16feethigh.Youcanuseropesforthat,too,forextrasafety.Thatversionofrockclimbingisknownasbouldering.Butevenmoredifficultthanthatistraditionalrockclimbing.Intraditionalrockclimbing,pairsofpeoplegoveryhighuponarockwall—usuallyonthesideofahillormountain.Theybringlotsofequipmentwiththem.Theyconnectropestotherockssothattheydon’tfalloff.Jennifer:Wow,there’salotoftypesofrockclimbing.Whatkinddoyoudo?Stan:Well,Idoadifferenttype—freesoloclimbing.It’sreallytheultimateclimbingexperience.Listening2Tobecontinued>>>Jennifer:What’sfreesoloclimbing?Stan:It’srockclimbingveryhighonrockwallsaloneandwithoutanyropes.That’s...Jennifer:Noropesatall?Wayuponthesideofarockwall?Thatmustbeterrifying!Stan:Yeah,IsupposeinitiallyIwasterrified.ButnowIreallylovedoingit.Ican’tdescribewhatawonderfulfeelingIgetfromit.It’ssuchathrill.Jennifer:Butisn’tittoodangerous?Stan:Well,freesoloclimbingisonlyforexperiencedclimbers.It’struethatifyoufall,youcangethurtreallybadlyorevendie.Infact,therewasaclimbingaccidentinYosemitelastyear,andnowsomepeoplearedemandinglegislationtobanfreesoloclimbinginthepark.Listening2Tobecontinued>>>Jennifer:Arerock-climbingaccidentsverycommon?Stan:Well,that’shardtosay,butaccordingtothedataI’veseen,thereisonedeathforevery300,um,every320,000climbs.AndtheAmericanJournalofPreventiveMedicinesaysover40,000patientsweretreatedinU.S.emergencyroomsforrockclimbingrelatedinjuriesbetween1990and2007.Jennifer:That’sscary.Doesn’tthatmakeyouwanttostoprockclimbing?Stan:Notreally.Ibelievethatmostaccidentscanbeattributedtoclimbersbeingoverconfidentorcareless.Ionlygowheretheclimbingisn’ttoodifficultforme,andIalwaystrytobeextremelycareful.Listening2Tobecontinued>>>Jennifer:Butwhataboutbadluck?Somethingcouldgowrong.Therockyou’reholdingontocouldbreak,oryourshoecouldslip,or...Stan:Yeah,Iknow.Butyoucan’tcontroleverythinginlife.Ifyoudon’ttakeanyrisks,you’llneverhaveanyfun!I’mlookingforwardtogoingagainnextweekend.Listening2Tobecontinued>>>SARS(SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome)n.非典型性肺炎monkeypoxn.

猴痘zoonoticdiseasen.

人畜共通传染病remotelyad.（用于否定句）丝毫，根本ecologyn.生态环境DanScanlon丹·斯坎伦（人名）collapsev.（因病或受伤）突然倒下coman.（因重伤或严重的疾病而引起的）昏迷spinaltapn.脊髓穿刺Inconclusivea.

无明确结果的disorientationn.定向障碍paralysisn.

瘫痪；麻痹migratorya.（鸟或动物）迁徙的Narrator:Monkeypox,SARS,WestNile...thesenewillnessesareallcausedbyviruses.Andthey’reallzoonoticdiseases—onesthatnormallyliveinanimals,andhavesomehowjumpedintopeople.Twentyyearsago,HIVwasanobscurevirusthatevolvedfromrainforestmonkeys.Today,some40millionpeopleareinfected.CouldoneofthesenewlyemergingvirusesbethenextHIVandthreatenusall?G.RichardOlds(ProfessorofMedicine):Formanyyears,I’vebeengivingatalkcalled“RevengeoftheRainforest”.And,youknow,peoplealwaysthoughtitwasaninterestingtopic,butcertainlynotrelevanttothoselivingsafelyinWisconsinorOhioorIndiana.Buttherearelotsofexamplesofdiseases,rainforestdiseases,becomingmajorpublichealthproblemsintherestoftheworld.Tobecontinued>>>Narrator:In1999,adeadlydiseaseemergedintheU.S.thathadneverbeenseenbeforeintheWesternHemisphere.ItwasWestNilevirus.LaurieGarrett(ScienceWriter):NobodyhadevenremotelyimaginedWestNilecomingtotheUnitedStates.Imean,hereisadisease,itsentireecologyinvolvestheNile,Sudan,upperEgypt,swamplands,averyspecificsetofbirdsandmosquitoesindigenoustothatecology.NoonecouldhaveimagineditcouldemergeintheconcretejungleofManhattanandQueens,andbecomeaproblemthatnowisseeninalmosteverysinglestateintheUnitedStates,andcarriedbyindigenousmosquitoes,andindigenousbirds.Tobecontinued>>>Narrator:Partlybecauseitwassounexpected,WestNileproveddifficulttoidentify.ItbeganwithanumberofencephalitiscasesinNewYork...thenhundredsofdeadcrowsbegantoappear.Butittooktimetoconnectthetwoevents.Until2002,DanScanlonwasahealthy,vigorousman.ThenheandhiswifeBettywerebothbittenbyamosquito.Dancollapsed.DanScanlon(WestNileVirusVictim):Iwasinthehospitalinacoma.AndwhenIwokeup,Ifoundoutthatshewasinthehospital;withapparentlythesamething.TheyperformedaspinaltaponBetty,too,anditwasinconclusive.Butallthesymptomsarethereexactly,andthedoctorsaid,yeah,shedefinitelyhadWestNilevirus.AndIneversawherconsciousagain.Tobecontinued>>>Narrator:Dan’swife,Betty,waskilledbyWestNilevirus.Danhimselfwasleftbadlydisabled.Woman:Nowwatchyourselfinthemirror,you’rereallygettingtall.Narrator:Theviruscancauseinflammationofthebrain,disorientationandparalysis.In2006,WestNilekilled177peopleintheU.S.,mostlyelderly,veryyoung,orwithweakenedimmunesystems.Fortunately,thechancesofcatchingitaresmall.Thediseaseisspreadbymosquitoes,andoneofthemcouldhavebroughttheWestNilevirustotheU.S.Allittakesisoneinfectedinsecttofinditswayontoaninternationalflight.Now,WestNileiscarriedbybirdsintheUnitedStates.Astheyfollowtheirmigratoryroutes,theycarrytheviruswiththem.Tobecontinued>>>Narrator:Onerecentstudyshowedthatthevirushashadadevastatingimpactonbirds,killinghundredsofthousands.AndnowthatWestNileisestablishedintheU.S.ecosystem,it’sprobablynotgoingtogoaway.Listening1eliminatev.消除，根除consumptionn.

吃；喝Tobecontinued>>>Listening1Tracesofthepesticidehavebeenfoundinsoil,animals,andinhumansallovertheworld.Inthepastseveraldecades,moreandmoremarketshavebeenofferingshopperstheoptionsoffruitsandvegetablesgrownwithoutpesticidesorotherchemicals.Thereisagrowingnumberofpeoplewhoappreciatetheseorganicfruitsandvegetables.Peoplewhobuyorganicfoodfearthattheconstantconsumptionoffoodgrownwithpesticidescouldbedangeroustotheirhealth.Theyworrythat,littlebylittle,smallamountsofdangerouschemicalswillaccumulateintheirbodiesuntiltheamountislargeenoughtocausehealthproblems.Scientistsarestillresearchingtheeffectsofpesticidesonhumans,butitisclearthattheamountoforganicfoodavailableisgrowing.AccordingtotheResearchInstituteofOrganicAgriculture,peoplearoundtheworldspentover$50billiononorganicproductsandfoodin2010.Tobecontinued>>>Listening1Listening2workoutn.

体育锻炼yoganidran.瑜伽休息术retreatn.静养所Listening2Tobecontinued>>>Yogawasinitiallypracticedover5,000yearsagoinIndia.InIndia,yogaisatraditionthatisrelatedtobothreligionandculture.Priortothe19thcentury,yogawasnotwellunderstoodandwasrarelypracticedinotherpartsoftheworld.TheintroductionofyogatoothercountriesisattributedtotheIndianyogamasterSwamiVivekananda,whotouredEuropeandtheUnitedStatesinthe1