核心素养测评（选择性必修第一册Unit4BodyLanguage）

核心素养测评(35分钟50分)二十选择性必修第一册Unit4BodyLanguageⅠ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)A(2024·河南模拟)Manypeoplewithinthedeafcommunityusesignlanguageasamethodtocommunicatevisually.Unfortunately,thelackofsignsabouttheclimatehadcreatedabarrierforthedisabledcommunity.ThathaschangedrecentlywiththeBritishSignLanguage(BSL)updatingitsvocabularywith200newwords.Therearenearly300signlanguagesaroundtheworld,withthefamousonesbeingtheAmericanSignLanguage(ASL),theBritishSignLanguage(BSL),andtheAustralianSignLanguage(Auslan)fornativeEnglishspeakers.Theuseofhandsinsignlanguagetorepresentindividuallettersiscalled“fingerspelling”.Whilesomecommonwordslike“car”havesigns,aspecificcarlikeTeslawouldneedtobespelledoutas“t-e-s-l-a”.Signlanguagehasdevelopedovertheyearsassocietyandtechnologychanged—thewordfortelephone,forexample,isverydifferenttodaythan100yearsago!However,fordeafstudents,thelackofscientifictermshasalwaysbeenahandicap.Theyhavefeltheldbackfromunderstandingandlearning,simplybecausetheydidnothaveenoughvocabularytouseindiscussions.In2012,researchersfirstdeveloped116signsforscientificwordssuchas“mass”and“X-ray”whichwereeventuallyaddedtotheBSL.IntheU.S.,MandyHoughton,ateacherattheSchoolfortheDeafandBlindinFlorida,attendedasummerprogramforscience.Shenoticedthatitwasdifficulttoparticipateasshefeltunabletocommunicateaccurateterms.Only20%ofthechemistrytermsusedwereapartofsignlanguage!HoughtonacknowledgedthegapinscientificvocabularyandhasmadeithermissiontoexpandAmericanSignLanguage(ASL)tobemoreinclusive.Asclimatechangebecomesincreasinglyobvious,sodoestheinformationandeducationsurroundingit.Includingnewvocabularythatfocusesonthesetopics,allowsthedeafcommunitytohaveaccesstovaluableknowledgeandempowersthemtolearnandtakeaction.Inthefightagnstclimatecrises,thenewdevelopmentsinASLandBSLhaveahugesignificanceincreatingabetterfutureforeveryone.【语篇属性】语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会(社会服务与人际沟通)语篇内容文章主要通过阐述和解释的方式来介绍关于英国手语(BSL)和美国手语(ASL)在气候变化相关词汇方面的更新,以及这些变化对聋人社区的意义语篇结构Para.1Thecurrentsituationandchallengesfacedbythedeafcommunityinusingsignlanguageforcommunication.Para.2Anoverviewofthevarioussignlanguagesusedaroundtheworld.Para.3Theconceptof“fingerspelling”andexamplesofcommonwordsthathavespecificsigns.Para.4Thedifficultiesfacedbydeafstudentsinlearningscientifictermsandtheeffortsmadebyresearchers.Para.5Thegapinscientificvocabularywithin(ASL).Para.6Theimportanceofupdatingsignlanguagevocabularytoincludenewtermsrelatedtoclimatechange.Para.7ThesummaryaboutahugesignificanceofthenewdevelopmentsinASLandBSLincreatingabetterfutureinthefightagnstclimatecrises.【命题意图】1.WhatcanwelearnaboutthesignlanguageaccordingtoParagraph2?考查学生对细节的理解:通过具体问题测试学生对文章中特定信息点的掌握情况2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“handicap”inParagraph4probablymean?考查学生对词汇理解的能力,通过“handicap”一词的含义考查学生的词汇量和上下文理解能力3.HowdidHoughtonfeelinthesummerprogram?此题考查学生对文章中隐含信息的推断能力。通过MandyHoughton的感受推断她的情绪状态,考查学生的推理能力和情感理解4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?此题考查学生主旨归纳的能力,通过选择最佳标题来测试学生对文章整体内容和主题的把握能力1.WhatcanwelearnaboutthesignlanguageaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Therearethreenotedsignlanguages.B.Ithasahistoryofexactly100years.C.Asignlanguageismadeupof200words.D.Thesamesignmayhavedifferentmeanings.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知,全世界有近300种手语,其中著名的有美国手语(ASL)、英国手语(BSL)和澳大利亚手语(Auslan),这说明有三种著名的手语。故选A。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“handicap”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Puzzle. B.Barrier.C.Preference. D.Task.【解析】选B。词句猜测题。根据画线单词下文“Theyhavefeltheldbackfromunderstandingandlearning,simplybecausetheydidnothaveenoughvocabularytouseindiscussions.”可推测,对聋哑学生而言,缺乏科学术语是一个“障碍”。选项A“Puzzle(难题)”;选项B“Barrier(障碍)”;选项C“Preference(偏爱)”;选项D“Task(任务)”。故选B。3.HowdidHoughtonfeelinthesummerprogram?A.Satisfied. B.Proud.C.Ashamed. D.Confused.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第五段可知,Houghton在暑期项目中感到困惑,因为她发现只有20%的化学术语是手语的一部分,这让她在交流和参与讨论时感到困难。故选D。4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheASLIsChangingWithTimeB.TheSignLanguageBenefitstheDeafC.TheSignLanguageIsAdaptingtoTimesD.TheDeafCommunityFightsAgnstClimateChange【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段以及全文内容可知,文章主要讲述了手语如何随着时代的变化而更新其词汇,特别是为了包含与气候相关的术语,以便聋人社区能够更好地获取信息和采取行动。故选C。【失分剖析】第1题误选其他选项,可能是因为没有注意到文章中提到的三种著名手语(ASL,BSL,Auslan),或者误解了题目中的具体信息点。错误原因可能是由于未能准确识别文章中的关键信息,或是对比较级和最高级的概念理解不够清晰。第2题误选其他选项,可能是由于不熟悉“handicap”这个词在教育领域的特定用法,或者是没有仔细阅读上下文以确定其确切含义。第3题误选其他选项,可能是由于未能准确捕捉到文章中描述的情感线索,或者是对人物情绪的描述不够敏感。第4题误选其他选项,错误原因可能是由于未能全面理解文章的结构和发展脉络,或者是在选择标题时过于侧重于某个具体细节而忽略了整体主题。【熟词生义】handicap:“残疾”或“不利条件”,在文中用来描述聋人学生因为缺乏科学术语而在学习和理解上遇到的困难。B(2024·河北模拟)Politicians,businessbosses,andothertypesofleadersindeedtendtolikespeakingwiththeirhands,butdoesthehabitinfluencehowothersinterpretthosewords?Togettothebottomofit,ateamofresearchersfromtheMaxPlanckInstituteforPsycholinguisticsconductedaseriesofexperimentsonvolunteerswhoviewedvideosofpeoplespeakingwithandwithouthandmovements.Aftershowingthevolunteersvideosofpeoplespeakingunderdifferentconditions,theresearchersaskedthemquestionsaboutwhattheyhadheard.Someconditionsinvolvedthespeakerstressingdifferentpartsofwordsinasentence.Otherconditionsinvolvedthespeakermakingvarioustypesofhandgestures,suchaspointingandsweepingmovements.Theteamrecordedthevolunteersastheyviewedthevideorecordings,questioningthevolunteersafterwardaboutwhattheyhadseenandheard.Researchersfoundthatthevolunteersweremoreaffectedbysyllables(音节)spokenwiththeconjunctionofhandgestures:In20percentofthecases,theviewersweremorelikelytohaveheardandinterpretedthewordspokenwithahandgesture.Interestingly,however,volunteerswere40percentmorelikelytohearthewrongsoundwhenamismatchbetweenthewordspokenandthehandgestureoccurred.BodylanguageexpertCarolGomansd,“Studieshavefoundthatspeakingwithyourhandsreallycanchangetheviewofyourcharacter.Peoplewhocommunicatethroughactivegesturingtendtobeconsideredwarm,agreeable,andenergetic,whilethosewhoremnstillareseenaslogical,cold,andanalytic.Infact,a2015studythatstudiedTEDTalks,whichpostsinternationaltalksonline,foundthatthemostpopularspeakersusednearlytwiceasmanygesturesastheleastpopularspeakersused.”Theresearchteamsdthattheirfindingssuggestthathandgesturesareanimportantpartofin-personcommunicationthathaveadirectimpactonwhatthelistenerhears.Furthermore,theysuggestthatourresponsestohandgesturesmaybesomethingwelearnaswegrowup.【语篇属性】语篇类型议论文主题语境人与社会(社会服务与人际沟通)语篇内容文章围绕一个实验研究展开,研究了手势与言语结合时对听众理解的影响,以及手势对个人形象塑造的作用语篇结构Para.1Introducetheroleofgesturesinverbalcommunication.Para.2Describetheexperimentalprocess.Para.3Presenttheresultsoftheexperiment.Para.4Summarizewithexpertopinions.Para.5Summarizetheresultoftheexperiment.【命题意图】5.What’stheresearchers’purposeofdoingtheexperiments?此题旨在考查学生对文章细节的理解和把握能力6.Whatdidtheresearchersfindintheexperiments?此题要求考生从文章中提取具体信息,考查学生对文章细节的理解和把握能力7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conjunction”meaninParagraph3?此题旨在考查考生对特定词汇在上下文中含义的理解8.Whatmaytheresearchersagreewith?此题要求学生根据文章内容进行逻辑推理,理解研究者的观点和结论5.What’stheresearchers’purposeofdoingtheexperiments?A.Toexaminethevolunteers’interpretingskills.B.Totesttheeffecthandgestureshaveonthelisteners.C.Torecordthevolunteers’questionsforthespeaker.D.Toconfirmtheinfluencehandmovementshaveonleaders.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知,研究人员做实验的目的是测试手势对说话的影响。故选B。6.Whatdidtheresearchersfindintheexperiments?A.Handmovementsaffectedwhatthelistenerheard.B.Thespeakerstresseddifferentpartsofwordsinasentence.C.Peoplespeakingwithdifferenthandgestureshaddifferenteffects.D.Themostpopularspeakersusedmoregesturesthantheleastpopularspeakersdid.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中“In20percentofthecases,theviewersweremorelikelytohaveheardandinterpretedthewordspokenwithahandgesture.Interestingly,however,volunteerswere40percentmorelikelytohearthewrongsoundwhenamismatchbetweenthewordspokenandthehandgestureoccurred.”可知,研究人员在实验中发现手的动作会影响听者听到的内容。故选A。7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conjunction”meaninParagraph3?A.Assistance. Bbination.C.Disturbance. D.Interpretation.【解析】选B。词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“In20percentofthecases,theviewersweremorelikelytohaveheardandinterpretedthewordspokenwithahandgesture.”可推知,此处是指志愿者更容易受到与手势相结合的音节的影响,所以conjunction意为“结合”。故选B。8.Whatmaytheresearchersagreewith?A.Gesturescaninfluenceothers’viewonone’spersonality.B.Understandinggesturesisamustineverylanguage.C.In-personcommunicationhelpsinterpretgestures.D.Responsestogesturesarelearningbehavior.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Furthermore,theysuggestthatourresponsestohandgesturesmaybesomethingwelearnaswegrowup.”可推知,研究人员可能认同“对手势的反应是一种学习行为”的观点。故选D。【失分剖析】第5题如果没有注意到文章中提到的实验目的,可能会选错。第6题如果没有理解实验结果部分,可能会误选其他选项。Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)(2024·辽宁模拟)MyfriendshipwiththestudentsinaprimaryschoolinUgandastartedonashakyground.The9ofnotbeingunderstoodwashiddenwithin,fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfromthatofmineandminetoofellon10ears.

Igreetedthemwithabroadsmile,andtheyrepliedwithice-cold11whenIspokefurther.A12echoedinmymind:Youmustlivethroughittogettothem.SoIgaveitanothertry.Ispoke13Englishwithhandgesturesandabitofdancing.Ifallfled,thesmilewould14.Soonwepickedupandthenthe15ofthelearnerscameintoplay.Atthementionofaname,reddishcheeksandshakingvoicesweretheresponseIgot.Idecidedto16adeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.Afterschool,I17themhome.

18,webecamefriends.Theywereevenawareofmyfavoritefruit,avocado(牛油果).IfIdidn’tgetoneonmydesk,itwould19mewhereverIwas.Myslipperswere20.OnenightIleftthemoutasnoonecouldstealaprofslippersinthatstate.Thenextmorning,IwasreadytodragmyslippersonasusualandIwassurprisedtheyhadbeen21.Wow!

Thelittlethingswedoforeachotherbringusgreatjoyand22.Wedon’thaveaproperspokenlanguage,butwearefluentinthelanguageof23.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述了作者和乌干达一所小学的学生们的友谊。9.A.angerB.fearC.desireD.belief【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。根据后文可知,此处为“不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心,因为他们说的语言和我说的不同,我的语言也没人听”。故选B。10.A.sharp B.all C.deaf D.long【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfromthatofmine”可知双方都听不懂对方的话。fallondeafears被忽视。故选C。11.A.agreement B.blameCment D.silence【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我用灿烂的微笑迎接他们,当我继续说话时,他们以冰冷的沉默回应我。根据上文“The______ofnotbeingunderstoodwashiddenwithin”可推知,此处为当作者继续说话时,他们以冰冷的沉默回应。故选D。

12.A.reminder B.doubtC.confusion D.relief【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:一个想法一直提醒着我:你必须经历它才能到达他们的内心。根据下文的“Youmustlivethroughittogettothem”可知一个想法一直提醒着作者。故选A。13.A.simple B.officialC.academic D.unusual【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我说简单的英语,用手势和一点舞蹈。根据上文可推知,此处表示作者说简单的英语,用手势和一点舞蹈。故选A。14.A.turnup B.breakoffC.takeover D.fadeaway【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果一切都失败了,微笑会取代一切。根据上文“Ifallfled”可推知,此处表示如果一切都失败了,微笑会取代一切。故选C。15.A.shyness B.lazinessC.loneliness D.calmness【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:很快我们就学会了,然后学习者的害羞就发挥了作用。根据后文“Atthementionofaname,reddishcheeksandshakingvoicesweretheresponseIgot.”可知,学习者的害羞发挥了作用。故选A。16.A.clear B.shareC.search D.exchange【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我决定在小组活动期间每天和一个团队共用一张桌子,以便更接近他们。根据下文“togetcloser”可知,此处为作者决定在小组活动期间每天和一个团队共用一张桌子,目的是更接近他们。故选B。17.A.prevented B.forcedC.allowed D.accompanied【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:放学后,我陪着他们回家。根据前文“Idecidedto______adeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.”可知作者为了能够接近学生们,除了和学生们共用一张桌子,放学后还会陪学生回家。故选D。

18.A.Suddenly B.ObviouslyC.Accidentally D.Gradually【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意:渐渐地,我们成了朋友。根据前文“Idecidedto______adeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.Afterschool,I______themhome.”可推知,此处是作者“破冰”行动后的结果:渐渐地,他们成了朋友。故选D。

19.A.miss B.find C.refuse D.leave【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“IfIdidn’tgetoneonmydesk”可知学生们一定要找到作者,把牛油果送给作者。故选B。20.A.carriedout B.putoutC.madeout D.wornout【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意:我的拖鞋已经破旧了。根据下文“Thenextmorning,IwasreadytodragmyslippersonasusualandIwassurprisedtheyhadbeen______.Wow!”可知作者的拖鞋是破旧的。故选D。

21.A.packed B.cleanedC.repred D.abandoned【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二天早上,我准备像往常一样穿上拖鞋,但令我惊讶的是,它们已经被修补好了。哇!根据前文“Myslipperswere______.OnenightIleftthemoutasnoonecouldstealaprofslippersinthatstate.”以及此处的惊讶,可推知,拖鞋已经被修补好了。故选C。

22.A.freedom B.warmthC.chance D.challenge【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们为彼此做的小事给我们带来了巨大的快乐和温暖。根据作者开始陪孩子们回家,孩子们给作者送牛油果以及修补拖鞋等这些小事可知,这些都是温暖人心的善举。warmth温暖,符合语境。故选B。23.A.sympathy B.admirationC.friendship D.confidence【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们没有恰当的口语,但我们在友谊的语言上很流利。根据上文“bringusgreatjoyand______”可知,此处表示虽然没有恰当的口语交流,但在友谊的语言上的交流是很流利的。故选C。

Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)(2025·八省联考)In2010,theUNDepartmentofGlobalCommunicationsinstitutedlanguagedaysforeachoftheorganization’ssixofficiallanguages.Thegoalwastwo-fold:24.______(celebrate)culturaldiversityaswellastopromotetheequaluseofallsix25.______(tongue).

24.【解析】tocelebrate。考查非谓语动词。句意:目的是双重的:庆祝文化多样性,并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。本句谓语为was,此处为非谓语动词,应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式,作目的状语,与topromote并列。故填tocelebrate。25.【解析】tongues。考查名词的数。句意:目的是双重的:庆祝文化多样性,并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。tongue“语言”为可数名词,由six修饰,应用复数形式。故填tongues。Languageisthecarrierofcommunication,thebridgeofinteractionbetweennations,26.______thebondofunderstandingamongcivilizations.Atthesametime,alanguageanditsindividual27.______(write)formsmakeupthe“soul”ofanation’sculturaltradition.Everylanguageisworthyofrespectandshould28.______(treat)equally.

26.【解析】and。考查连词。句意:语言是沟通的载体,是国家间互动的桥梁,是文明间理解的纽带。thecarrierofcommunication、thebridgeofinteractionbetweennations和thebondofunderstandingamongcivilizations为并列关系,应用连词and连接。故填and。27.【解析】written。考查形容词。句意:语言及其独特的书写形式构成了一个民族文化传统的“灵魂”。本空修饰名词forms,需用written“书写的”,作前置定语,表示“书写的形式”。故填written。28.【解析】betreated。考查动词语态。句意:每一种语言都值得尊重,都应该被平等对待。主语Everylanguage与动词treat“对待”之间为被动关系,用betrea