高考英语高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)

高考英语高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解

Beingattractiveisn'tusuallyconsideredmuchofadisadvantageintoday'sworld.Actually,thereistheendlesspotentialbenefitaboutit,butresearchershavefoundoneareathatbeingprettymakeslifeachallengesecuringyourselfaboring,low­payingjob.

Thisstandsincontrasttoalargebodyofresearchthatattractiveness,ingeneral,helpscandidatesintheselectionprocess.Forthemostpartgoodlooksisablessing.Wetreatprettypeoplemorefavorablyingeneral,oftenvoteforthemmoreinelections,andpaythemmoreintheirprofessions.Theresearchsuggeststhatattractivepeoplemaybediscriminatedagainstinselectionforrelativelylessdesirablejobs.

Researcherscarriedoutfourexperimentsinvolvingmorethan750participants,includinguniversitystudentsandmanagerswhomakehiringdecisionsintherealworld.Participantswereshownphotosoftwopotentialjobcandidates,oneattractiveandtheotherunattractive.Participantswerethenaskedaseriesofquestionsdesignedtomeasuretheiropinionsofthejobcandidatesandwhethertheywouldhirethesecandidatesforaless­than­desirablejob.

Thelessdesirablejobsincludedawarehouseworker,housekeeper,customerservicerepresentativeandthemoredesirablejobsincludedthingslikeamanager,projectdirector,ITelite(精英).Inallexperimentswheretheywereasked,participantsweresignificantlylesslikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthelessdesirablejobandmorelikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthemoredesirablejob.

MsLeesaid,"Intheselectiondecisionforanundesirablejob,decisionmakersweremorelikelytochoosetheunattractiveindividualovertheattractiveindividual.Co­authorDrMadanPillutlasaid,"Itisinterestingthatdecisionmakersconsiderothers'opinionsintheirdecisions.Theythoughtthatattractiveindividualswouldwantbetteroutcomes,andthereforewouldbelesssatisfied,sotheyfavoredunattractivecandidateswhenselectingforalessdesirablejob."

Theresearchalsosuggeststheestablishedviewthatattractivecandidatesarefavoredwhenapplyingforjobsmightbelimitedtohigh­leveljobs.（1）Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkofbeingattractive?A.

Itisadisadvantage.B.

Itisablessing.C.

itisnotimportant.D.

Ithasnothingtodowithjobs.（2）WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.

Theparticipantsoftheexperiment.B.

Theimportanceoftheexperiment.C.

Theprocessoftheexperiment.D.

Theresultoftheexperiment.（3）Anordinary­lookinggraduatemayhaveanadvantagewhenapplyingfor_______.A.

amanager

B.

aprojectdirector

C.

awarehouseworker

D.

anITelite（4）Whyarelessattractiveapplicantspreferredforlessdesirablejobs?A.

Becausetheyaremorehardworking.B.

Becausetheywillbemoresatisfied.C.

Becausetheyhavenorequirementsatall.D.

Becausetheywillwantbetteroutcomes.（5）Whichofthefollowingagreeswiththeresearch?A.

Attractivepeoplearemorefitforhigh­leveljobs.B.

Lessattractivepeopleareeasytofindhigh­leveljobs.C.

Attractivepeoplecanalwaysbehiredwhenapplyingforjobs.D.

Lessattractivepeoplecaneasilygethighlypaidiftheyworkhard.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）C（4）B（5）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了吸引力和求职之间的关系。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Forthemostpartgoodlooksisablessing."可知,在很大程度上,美貌是一种福气,由此可知,人们普遍认为有吸引力是一种福气,故选B。（2）考查段落大意。根据第三段内容,特别是"Participantswereshownphotosoftwopotentialjobcandidates,oneattractiveandtheotherunattractive."可知,本段主要介绍了研究人员对吸引力和求职之间的关系的实验过程,故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Thelessdesirablejobsincludedawarehouseworker,housekeeper,customerservicerepresentative"及"participantsweresignificantlylesslikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthelessdesirablejob"可知,参与者不太可能雇有吸引力的人做不那么理想的工作,而仓库管理员是不理想的工作之一,由此可知,长相一般的人在申请仓库管理员职位上有优势,故选C。（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Theythoughtthatattractiveindividualswouldwantbetteroutcomes,andthereforewouldbelesssatisfied,sotheyfavoredunattractivecandidateswhenselectingforalessdesirablejob."可知,有吸引力的人希望更好的结果,因此不太容易满足,所以参与者在选择不那么理想的工作时更喜欢长相一般的候选人,由此可知,长相一般的人更喜欢不那么理想的工作是因为他们更容易满足,故选B。（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Theresearchalsosuggeststheestablishedviewthatattractivecandidatesarefavoredwhenapplyingforjobsmightbelimitedtohigh­leveljobs."可知,有吸引力的求职者更受青睐的观点可能仅限于高层职位,由此可知,有吸引力的人更适合高层工作与研究结果相符合,故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

Shakespeare'sGlobeExhibition&TourisauniqueinternationalresourcetoexploreShakespeare'swork.Openallyearround,itgivesyouanopportunitytolearnmoreaboutthemostfamousplaywright(剧作家),Shakespeare,andhelpsyouseektofurthertheexperienceandinternationalunderstandingofhim.

GroupVisitstotheExhibition&Tour

OpeningHours

TheatreTours:

Monday-Sunday:

9:30a.m.-5:00p.m.

Exhibition:

Monday-Sunday:

9:00a.m.-5:00p.m.

Groupsof15peopleormorearerequiredtopre-booktheirvisit,andeachgroupwillhaveitsownguideforfree.Tomakeareservation,pleasefillinaGroupRequestFormandreturnittousviaemail.

ExhibitionandTourPrices

Adult:

$15.00

Senior(60+):

$13.50

Student(withvalidID):

$11.50

Child(5-15):

$8.00

Complimentary:

Every16thpersonfree

Gettinghere

Shakespeare'sGlobe21NewGlobeWalk,LondonSEl9DT,UK

Wehavecurrentlyimprovedsecurity,withallbagsbeingchecked.Pleasearriveingoodtime,anddonotbringanylargebagsandcheckthecalendarbeforeyourvisitorcall+44(0)2079021500tofindoutaboutourlatestopeningtimes.

Visitorsareadvisedtoarrivebypublictransportorbytaxi.ThereisacarparkonThamesExchangeonthenorthsideofSouthwarkBridge(open24hours,sevendaysaweek).CabsmaybefoundallyearroundonSouthwarkBridge.ItmayalsobepossibletopickoneupfromoutsidetheentrancehallonNewGlobeWalk.

Wheretoeat

SwanatShakespeare'sGlobeservesmodernBritishseasonalfoodfordinner,afternoonteaordrinksinourbeautifulbarandrestaurantsetovertwofloors,availableforpre-andpost-theatredining.

SwanRestaurant

Monday-Friday:

12noon-2:30p.m.&6:00p.m.-10:30p.m.

Saturday:

12noon-3:30p.m.&6:00p.m.

Sunday:

12noon-9:00p.m.（1）Whencanyoupayavisittotheexhibition?A.

Fridayat12:00p.m.

B.

Mondayat8:00a.m.C.

Saturdayat5:30p.m.

D.

Sundayat7:00p.m.（2）Ifagroupof20childrenvisittheExhibition&Tour,whatisrequiredforthemtodo?A.

Theyneedtohireaguidethemselves.B.

Theymustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.C.

Theyhavetopay$160forticketsintotal.D.

Theyneedtoemailforareservationinadvance.（3）Whichofthefollowingappliestovisitors?A.

They'reabletogetataxinearSouthwarkBridge.B.

TheycanparkonthesouthsideofSouthwarkBridge.C.

Theyarerequiredtodeposittheirbagsbeforeentering.D.

It'smoreconvenienttodrivetherethantakingpublictransport.（4）WhatcanweknowaboutSwanRestaurant?A.

AfternoonleaisnotservedonSunday.B.

Itservestraditionalseasonalfoodfordiner.C.

Itisclosedfrom3p.m.to5p.m.onworkdays.D.

Itservesthreemeals,drinksandafternoontea.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向游客介绍了参观莎士比亚环球展厅的相关服务信息。（1）考查细节理解。根据“Exhibition‘Monday-Sunday:9:00a.m.-5:00p.m.’”可知，展览从周一到周日上午9点到下午5点营业。所以在周五下午两点能够参观展览。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据Exhibition部分中的“Groupsof15peopleormorearerequiredtopre-booktheirvisit...Tomakeareservation,pleasefillinaGroupRequestFormandreturnittousviaemail.”可知，15人或以上的团体须预先预订其行程。如欲订购，请填写团体申请表，并通过电子邮件返回给我们。所以如果有20名儿童参观参观展厅，他们需要通过电子邮件提前预定。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据Gettinghere部分中的“CabsmaybefoundallyearroundonSouthwarkBridge”可知，在SouthwarkBridge可能全年都有出租车。所以判断出游客能在SouthwarkBridge附近打到出租车。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据SwanRestaurant部分中的“Monday-Friday:12noon-2:30p.m.&6:00p.m.-10:30p.m.”可知，天鹅宾馆的营业时间是周一至周五中午12点到下午2：30，下午6点到晚上10:30。所以判断出周一至周五工作日期间，下午3点到下午5点是闭馆的。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

TheinfluenceofAmericaisincreasinginmycountry.SpanishpeopledrinkCocaCola,wearbluejeans,watchHollywoodmovies,listentoAmericanmusic,andeatfastfood,andtheydothesethingseveryday.

IthinkthatAmericanmoviesareagoodwaytospreadAmericanculturebecausepeopleareofteninfluencedbywhattheyseeinthemovies.Mostoftheprogramsanddocumentaries(记录片)wewatchonTVarefromAmerica,andmostofthemovieswegotoseearemadeinHollywood.

Inthelastfewyears,thegovernmenthastriedtoprotecttheSpanishmovies.Now,inourcinemas,atleasttwentypercentofthemovieswhichareshownmustbefromSpainorfromothercountriesinEurope.

AmericancultureisapartofSpanishlifenow.It'scertainthatmanythingsfromAmericaareasmuchapartofpeople'slivesasSpanishthings.Forexample,CocaColaisasfamiliartoeverybodyasanytypicalSpanishproduct.I'veknownaboutCocaColaformywholelife.

However,it'sdifferentwithWesternfastfood.Forexample,Idon'tthinkMcDonald'sisassuccessfulinSpainasitisinothercountries.Inmyopinion,oneofthereasonsmaybethelifestyleoftheSpanishpeople,TheSpanishpeoplenormallyeatathome.

Ontheotherhand,maybeMcDonald'shamburgerswilleventuallyreplacethefamousSpanishtapas.It'struethatineverycityinSpainyoucanfindaMcDonald's,anditismorepopularamongtheSpanishchildrenthanamongtheadults.Inanycase,it'sobviousthatAmericancultureisbecomingmoreandmoreapartofourliveseveryday.（1）Fromthefirstparagraphwecanknowthat

.A.

theinfluenceofAmericaonSpaincanbefoundeverywhere.

B.

mostSpanishpeopledon'tliketolistentotheirownmusic,C.

fastfoodspreadsfromSpaintotheUnitedStates.

D.

someSpanishactorsgotoAmericatoimprovetheiractingskills.（2）WhatplaysanimportantpartinthespreadingofAmericancultureinSpain?A.

Americannovels.

B.

Hollywoodmovies.

C.

McDonald.

D.

Americanmusic.（3）WhydidthegovernmentsetsomerulesforthefilmsshowninSpain?A.

ToprotectforeigncultureinSpain.

B.

ToearnmoremoneyfromSpanishfilms.C.

Tolimitthenumberofforeignmovie.

D.

TouniteEuropeanCommunities.（4）WhatdoyouthinkSpanishtapasmightbe?A.

Thenameofadrink.

B.

Thenameofarestaurant.C.

Aclothingbrand.

D.

Acertainkindoffood.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了美国对作者家乡西班牙有很大的影响，美国人的饮食习惯。穿着习惯和生活习惯都极大影响了西班牙人。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，到处都可以发现美国对西班牙的影响。选A。(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“IthinkthatAmericanmoviesareagoodwaytospreadAmericanculture”可知，故答案选B。(3)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Inthelastfewyears,thegovernmenthastriedtoprotecttheSpanishmovies.Now,inourcinemas,atleasttwentypercentofthemovieswhichareshownmustbefromSpainorfromothercountriesinEurope.”可推断出，西班牙政府给在西班牙上演的电影制定一些规则是为了限制外国电影的数量，保护西班牙的电影。选C。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Ontheotherhand,maybeMcDonald'shamburgerswilleventuallyreplacethefamousSpanishtapas.”可知，或许麦当劳的汉堡将最终取代著名的西班牙tapas，由此可推断tapas指西班牙的一种食品。选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并进一步根据上下文进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Beginninglifeatcollegenaturallydevelopsbothexcitementandanxietyformanyreasons.Forsome,thisfeelingisquicklyovercomeastheyadapttoanewenvironment;forothersthechangetakeslongerandsometimesappearsashomesickness.

Ifyouarehomesick,youmightnoticeanincreasein:

Lowenergyormotivation.

Troublesleeping.

Increases/decreasesinappetite.

Havingdifficultywithschool.

Increaseduseofdrugsoralcohol.

Lackofinterestorinvolvementinnewsurroundings.

CAUSES

Thedistancefromhome—thefartheryougo,theworseitmaybe.

Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.

Youhavefinallyarrivedatcollegeafterworkingtowarditforsolong.

Aheavyworkload.

Studentswhoarehomesickoftenfeeltheyhavenocontrolovertheirenvironment.

WHATMIGHTHELP?

Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind,butalsogiveyourselftimewithintheuniversitytobegintogetinvolvedhere.

Berealisticaboutwhattoexpectfromstudentlifeandfromyourself.Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.

Ifworkisprovingtoodifficult,youmayneedtoimproveyourstudyskillsoryourorganizationoftime.

Remembertogetenoughfoodandsleep!Theseaffectyouemotionallyaswellasphysically.

Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.

Ifyoustopbeingabletodonormalsocialandacademicthings,seekprofessionalhelpeitherfromyouradvisorordeanorthecounselingservice.（1）Whatmightbeasignoffeelinghomesick?A.

Feelinglikequarrelingwithsomeoneelse.B.

Becominginterestedinstudythaneverbefore.C.

Findingfoodorfruitlessattractive.D.

Participatinginalmostallactivitiesincollege.（2）Newcollegestudentsmightbehomesickbecause

.A.

theyareneverfarawayfromtheirparentsB.

theyfeelupsetaboutsomethingunexpectedC.

theysuddenlydonothaveanythingtodoD.

theydonotliketheuniversitytheyarein（3）Whichofthefollowingmeasuresmightbehelpfulforhomesickstudentsaccordingtothetext?A.

Keepingtheiroldfriendsleftbehind.B.

Remindingthemselvestokeepbusyandforgetit.C.

Forcingthemselvestostayintheirdormsonweekends.D.

Goinginforsportswiththeirfriends.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刚离开家上大学的学生面对新环境可能遇到的问题和给他们提出的建议。（1）细节理解题。由原文“Increases/decreasesinappetite.”可知，如果一个人想家，就有可能增加或减少食欲，所以C选项“感觉食物或水果失去吸引力”符合题意，而其他选项“想跟别人吵架”、“对学习比以前更感兴趣”和“几乎参加了大学所有的活动”都不符合题意。所以答案选C。（2）细节理解题。由原文“Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.”可知，当事情不符合新入学的学生的期望时，他们就会不高兴。所以B选项“他们对不符合预期的事物感到厌烦”符合题意。所以答案选B。（3）推理判断题。由原文“Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind”可知，要跟留下的人保持联系，所以A选项“要一直让老朋友留下”是不正确的。由原文“Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.”可知，应该在工作和休闲之前建立一个平衡，所以B选项“提醒他们自己保持忙碌并忘记想家”是不符合题意的。由原文“Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.”可知，可以通过运动或其他兴趣来结识其他朋友，所以C选项“强迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合题意的，而D选项“跟朋友一起运动”是正确的。所以答案选D。【点评】推断题型答题技巧。推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。5．阅读理解

It'snotanewphenomenon,buthaveyounoticedhowmanynounsarebeingusedasverbs?Weallusethem,oftenwithoutnoticingwhatwe'redoing.

Iwasarrangingtomeetsomeonefordinnerlastweek,andIsaid"I'llpencilitinmydiary",andmyfriendsaid"Youcaninkitin",meaningthatitwasafirmarrangementnotatentativeone!

Manyofthesenewverbsarelinkedtonewtechnology.Anobviousexampleisthewordfax.Weallgotusedtosendingandreceivingfaxes,andthensoonstartedtalkingaboutfaxingsomethingandpromisingwe'dfaxitimmediately.Thenalongcameemail,andweweresoonallemailingeachothermadly.Howdidwedowithoutit?Icanhardlyimaginelifewithoutmydailyemails.

Emailremindsme,ofcourse,ofmycomputeranditssoftware,whichhasproducedanothercoupleofnewverbs.OnmycomputerIcanbookmarkthosepagesfromtheWorldWideWebthatIthinkI'llwanttolookatagain,thussavingalltheeffortofrememberingtheiraddressesandcallingthemupfromscratch.IcandothesamethingonmyPC,butthereIdon'tbookmark;Ifavorite—comingfrom"favoritepages",sotheverbcomesfromanadjectivenotanoun.

Nowmychildrenboughtmeamobilephone,knownsimplyasamobileandIhadtolearnyetmorenewverbs.Icanmessagesomeone,thatis,Icanleaveamessageforthemontheirphone.OrIcantextthem,writeafewwordssuggestingwhenandwheretomeet,forexample.HowlongwillitbebeforeIcanmobilethem,thatis,phonethemusingmymobile?Ihaven'theardthatverbyet,butI'msureIwillsoon.PerhapsI'llstartusingitmyself!（1）"I'llpencilitinmydiary"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans

.A.itwasafirmarrangementB.heprefersapenciltoapenC.thearrangementshouldbewrittenasadiaryD.itwasanuncertainarrangement（2）Awebsiteaddresscanbeeasilyfoundifithasbeen______.A.favoritedB.messagedC.emailedD.texted（3）Whichofthefollowinghasnotbeenusedasaverbyet?A.messageB.mobileC.emailD.page（4）Thebesttitleforthispassageis____.A.TechnologyandLanguage.B.DevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguageC.NewTechnologyandNewwordsD.NewVerbsfromNouns【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过多个例子告诉我们很多名词都已经转换成了动词。说明词汇是并不断的在变化。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“meaningthatitwasafirmarrangementnotatentativeone!”用铅笔写意为着不是最终的决定，只是临时的决定，故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Ifavorite—comingfrom‘favoritepages’,sotheverbisderivedfromanadjectivenotanoun.”我把这些网站设置成我最喜欢的网站，通过这种方法可以让我很快就找到这些网站。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“andweweresoonallemailingeachothermadly.”；第四段中的“Ifavorite—comingfrom‘favoritepages’,sotheverbisderivedfromanadjectivenotanoun.”；以及最后一段中的“Icanmessagesomeone”,说明ACD都可以作为动词，只有B项文章没有提及可以作为动词，故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。本文通过多个例子告诉我们很多名词都已经转换成了动词，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor;youmustbeabletoholdtheattentionandinterestofyouraudience;youmustbeaclearspeaker,withagood,strong,pleasantvoicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;andyoumustbeabletoactwhatyouareteaching,inordertomakeitsmeaningclear.

Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesn'tsitstillbeforehisclass;hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching;hewalksabout,usinghisarms,handsandfingerstohelphiminhisexplanations,andhisfacetoexpressfeelings.

Thereareveryimportantdifferencesbetweentheteacher'sworkandtheactor's.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart;hehastorepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart,evenhismovementsandthewaysinwhichheuseshisvoiceareusuallyfixedbeforehand(预先).Whathehastodoistomakeallthesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseemnaturalonthestage.Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakeanactivepartinhisplay:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon'tunderstandanything,theysayso.Theteachercan'tlearnhispartbyheart,butmustinventitashegoesalong.

Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhoarefineactorsinclassbutareunabletotakepartinastage-playbecausetheycan'tkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhaswritten.（1）Fromthepassage,weknow______.A.agoodteachershouldbeagoodactor.B.agoodteachermaybeunabletoactwellonthestage.C.agoodactorshouldbeagoodteacher.D.agoodactormayactwellinclass.（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Agoodteachershouldspeakclearly.B.Agoodteachershouldsitstillbeforehisclassandspeakwithhisbodylanguage.C.Agoodactorshouldspeakasothershaveaskedhimtodo.D.Agoodactorshouldrepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart.（3）Theskillsofagoodteacherare______.A.drawhisstudents'attention.B.changehisvoicewhenneeded.C.actoutwhatheisteaching.D.alltheabove.（4）Thetitle(标题)ofthepassageis______.A.Howtobeagoodteacher.B.Howtobeagoodactor.C.Agoodteacher'sknowledge.D.Agoodactor'sbehavior.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了教师职业与演员职业的异同。（1）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhoarefineactorsinclassbutareunabletotakepartinastage-playbecausetheycan'tkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhaswritten.”我认识许多老师，他们在课堂上是很好的演员，但在舞台剧中却表演不好，因为他们不能严格遵守别人提前写好的内容，可知，一个好老师不一定在表演台上能表演好。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesn'tsitstillbeforehisclass;hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching”看一个好老师，你会看到他常常不会静静地在教室前边坐着，他在教授的整节课上都会站着，可知，一个好老师不应该就在班级前坐着，所以选项B描述不正确。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，要成为一名优秀的教师，你需要具备某些好演员的天赋。你必须能hold住观众（学生）的注意力和兴趣点。语言要清晰，声音要宏亮、悦耳，而且收放自如。.而且为了让你所传授的东西更好地被理解，你应该能把你它表演出来。，故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文第一段提出了做一名好老师应该具有的天赋，以及通过与演员职业对比，说明做老师与做演员的差异。文章从前到后都在告诉我们如何才能成为一名好老师。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

GuesswhatformerAustralianPrimeMinisterKevinRudd,FacebookCEOMarkZuckerbergandUnitedStatespresidentDonaldTrump'sgranddaughter,ArabellaKushner,haveincommon?TheybothstudyChineseasasecondlanguage.

AlthoughChineseisknownasoneofthehardestlanguagestolearn,alotofpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsarestudyingitwithhopesofbigbenefits.

Nov2sawmorethan120people,comingfrom105countries,competeinthefinalsofthe12th"ChineseBridge"ChineseProficiencyCompetitionforforeignsecondaryschoolstudents.HeldinZhengzhou,Henanprovince,thefinalswasmainlymadeupofspeechcontestsandtalentshows.ThecontestantsalsovisitedtheShaolinTemple,LongmenGrottoesandotherhistoricalsitesinHenan.

WhilereasonsforlearningChineseweredifferent,acommononewasinterestinthecountry'srichcultureandrapiddevelopment.

Raissa,17,fromtheUnionoftheComoros,developedastrongemotionalconnectionwithChinaafterhergrandmotherwascuredbydoctorsoftheChinesemedicalteaminAfricathreeyearsago.ThisledhertolearnChineseatalocalConfuciusInstitute.

FascinatedbyChineseculture,thecompetitorhastakenpartinactivitiesontraditionalChinesemedicineandfolkartsduringherfirsttriptoChina."MydreamistostudymedicineinChinasothatIcouldcurepatientsliketheChinesedoctorsdid,"shesaid.

ForFeketeMarcellZoltan,17,fromtheHungarian-ChineseBilingualSchool,studyingChinesemaysecurehimafuturejobasaHungariandiplomat(外交官)toChina."Aftergraduationfromhighschool,IwouldliketofurthermystudiesinChina,"hesaid.

RobertDavis,directoroftheChinese-languageprograminChicago'spublicschoolsystem,maygiveyouahint."Chineseisn'tthenewFrench.It'sthenewEnglish,whichiswidelyusedallovertheworld."hetoldCGTN.（1）WhyareMarkZuckerbergandArabellaKushnermentionedinparagraphone?A.ToshowChineseispopular.B.Tointroducethemtothereaders.C.TotellthereaderstheyloveChina.D.TostresstheimportanceoflearningChinese.（2）TheunderlinedwordFascinatedinparagraph6canbereplacedby______.A.AttractedB.EmployedC.InspectedD.Appreciated（3）WhatisthecommonreasonforthecompetitorstolearnChinese?A.It'seasytolearn.B.Theywanttobecomeadoctor.C.Theyhopeforagoodjobaftergraduation.D.TheyhaveinterestinChinesecultureandrapiddevelopment.（4）WhatisRobertDavis'attitudetolearningChinese?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Indifferent.D.Upset.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了汉语变得越来越受欢迎这一现象。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“TheybothstudyChineseasasecondlanguage.”以及上文可知，前澳大利亚的首相KevinRudd,脸谱CEOMarkZuckerbergand川普的孙女ArabellaKushner,是为了突出他们都在学汉语，从而表明汉语很流行，所以选A。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的“FascinatedbyChineseculture,thecompetitorhastakenpartinactivitiesontraditionalChinesemedicineandfolkartsduringherfirsttriptoChina.”可知是由于被中国文化吸引，参赛者参加各种有关中医以及民间艺术的活动，所以fascinated表示吸引，故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段“WhilereasonsforlearningChineseweredifferent,acommononewasinterestinthecountry'srichcultureandrapiddevelopment.”可知这些参赛者们学习汉语的共同原因是他们对中国文化和发展感兴趣，所以选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Chineseisn'tthenewFrench.It'sthenewEnglish,whichiswidelyusedallovertheworld.”可知他认为汉语将会像英语一样在全世界广泛应用，所以他对学习汉语的态度是支持的，所以选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

Musicisaninternationallanguage.Thesongsthataresungorplayedbyinstrumentsarebeautifultoallpeopleeverywhere.

PopularmusicinAmericaiswhateverystudentlikes.Studentscarrysmallradioswithearphonesandlistentomusicbeforeclass,afterclassandatlunch.Studentswithcarsbuylargespeakers(扬声器)andplaythemusicloudlyastheydriveonthestreet.

Adultdriverslistentomusiconthecarradioastheydrivetowork.Theyalsolistentothenewsaboutsports,theweather,politics,andactivitiesoftheAmericanpeople.Butmostoftheradiobroadcastismusic.

Poporpopularmusicsingersmakemuchmoney.TheymakeaCDortapewhichradiostationsuseineverystate.Oncethepopularsingerisheardthroughoutthecountry,youngpeoplebuyhisorhertapes.Someofthemoneyfromthesetapescomestothesinger.Whereverthesingergoes,alltheyoungpeoplewanttomeethimorher.Nowthesingerhasbecomeanationalstar.

Besidespopmusic,therearetwootherkindsofmusicthatisimportanttoAmericans.Oneiscalledfolkmusic.IttellsstoriesaboutthecommonlifeofAmericans.Theotheriscalledwesternorcountrymusic.Thiswasstartedbycowboyswhowouldsingatnighttothecowstheywerewatching.Today,anymusicaboutcountrylifeandthelovebetweenacountryboyandhisgirliscalledwesternorcountrymusic.

Seriousmusicfortheconcerthallsiscalledclassicalmusic.Musicforinstrumentsiscalledorchestramusic,suchasthesymphonies(交响乐)ofBeethoven.Thereisoperaforsingers,balletfordancerslikethestoryofLiangShanboandZhuYingtaiinChina.（1）Inwhatwaycanmusicberegardedasaninternationallanguage?A.Popularmusiciswhateveryoneenjoys.B.Thewonderfulsongsarepopularwiththeworldpeople.C.Whenmusicisplayed,itseemsasifitwerespeakingtous.D.Musicistoopopularforeveryonetobeabletoplayit.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutmusicandpeopleinAmerica?A.Adultdriverslistentonewsaswellasmusicwhentheydrivetowork.B.Adultdriversneverlistentomusicwhentheydrivetowork.C.Studentdriverscarrysmallradioswithearphoneswhenthey