01 选择性必修第二册Unit 4知识讲解-高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版2019)

2023年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

(人教版2019)选择性必修二Unit4JourneyacrossaVastLandⅠ.重点词汇1.arisevi.出现;发生;起床;起身【教材原句】Thenextmorning,thetwogirlsaroseearlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,passingthroughtheCanadianRockies.(P38)第二天早上,两个女孩早早起床,坐火车去路易斯湖,穿过加拿大的落基山脉。【词块必记】arisefrom/outof因……产生由……引起【知识拓展】原形过去式过去分词现在分词arise(vi.)出现;发生arosearisenarisingrise(vi.)升起;起身;增长;上升roserisenrisingraise(vt.)举起;唤起;提高;饲养raisedraisedraising【知识微练】用arise,rise,raise的适当形式填空①Asisknowntous,thesun____intheeastandsetsinthewest.②YearsofexperienceindrivingmadeMrBlackconvincedthathecoulddealwithemergencies______atanytime③_______people’sawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment,welaunchedacampaign.

risesarisingToraise【典句赏析】

Mistakesoftenarisefromcarelessness.Asaresult,weshouldbearinmindthatdetailsdeterminewhetherwecansucceedornot.失误往往是由粗心引起的。因此我们要牢记细节决定成败。2.astonishvt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊【典型例句】WhenIwenttothekitchentogetmybreakfast,IwasastonishedatwhatIsaw.当我去厨房吃早饭的时候,我被眼前的一切惊呆了。【词块必记】(1)astonishing

adj.令人感到惊讶的(2)astonished adj.感到惊讶的beastonishedat/bysth. 因/对某事感到惊讶(3)astonishment n.惊讶toone’sastonishment 令某人惊讶的是【知识微练】单句语法填空①Itwas__________(astonish)thatsheshouldacceptsuchachallengingjob.②Lindsey’shusbandwastotally__________(astonish)bytheunexpectedvisit.③Toourgreat____________,hewasn’t__________atthe__________newsatall.(astonish)astonishingastonishedastonishmentastonishedastonishing【典句赏析】

Whenthemancamein,knifeinhand,weallstoodthere,astonished.这个人手里拿着刀进来了,我们吃惊地站在那里。3.boundadj.

准备前往(某地);注定【教材原句】Theyspentthenight,andthentookacoachboundnorththroughtheCanadianRockiestoJasper.(P38)她们过了一夜,然后乘坐长途汽车,向北穿越加拿大的落基山脉,来到贾斯珀。【词块必记】beboundforsp. 开往某地beboundtodosth. 注定做某事【知识微练】单句语法填空①Childrenarebound_______(meet)withsetbacksastheygrowup,sotheirparentsdon’thavetoworryaboutit.

②HegotonaRussianplanebound___Berlin.【典句赏析】

Withyourdiligenceandconcentration,youareboundtosucceedinenteringanidealuniversity.以你的勤奋和专心,你一定会成功地进入一所理想的大学。tomeetfor4.pleasantadj.令人愉快的;友好的【典型例句】

Yourlettercallsupthosepleasantdayswhenweworkedtogether.你的来信使我想起了我们在一起工作的愉快的日子。【词块必记】(1)pleased

adj.高兴的;满意的bepleasedtodosth. 做某事很高兴bepleasedwithsth. 对某事感到满意(2)please v.使高兴(3)pleasure n.快乐;乐事forpleasure 为了消遣withpleasure 当然了,很愿意(4)unpleasant adj.令人不悦的【知识微练】单句语法填空①Yesterday,Ireadastory,whoseendingis________(please).Theprincekilledthemonsterandsavedtheprincessintheendandtheyhavelivedhappilyeversince.

②Thereisnogreater________(please)thanlyingonthegrass,staringatthenightsky.③Ifeelespecially_______(please)while(Iam)walkinginthespringrain.pleasantpleasurepleased【典句赏析】

IammorethanpleasedtoknowyouareinvitedtoadinnerpartybyyourChinesefriend.知道你被你的中国朋友邀请参加晚宴我非常高兴。Ⅱ.核心短语5.takesb.‘sbreathaway令人惊叹【教材原句】Whenthetrainarrivedatthestation,theytookataxitoLakeLouise,wherethebluewaterliterallytooktheirbreathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.(P38)火车抵达车站后,她们乘坐一辆出租车到路易斯湖,那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽,令她们惊叹不已。【词块必记】holdone’sbreath 屏住呼吸catchone’sbreath 喘息;恢复正常呼吸loseone’sbreath 喘不过气来takeadeepbreath 深呼吸outofbreath 上气不接下气breathe v.呼吸【知识微练】用breath短语填空①Theyreachedthecompany____________onlytobetoldtheywerefired.

②_________________,andthenyoumayfeelrelaxed.

③Whileclimbingupthestairstheoldmanalways______________.

④Theracewassoclosethateveryonewas__________________atthefinish.

【典句赏析】

Inordertodancewell,shesometimespracticeddancinguntilshewastootiredtokeeppracticing,lyingonthegroundoutofbreath.为了跳好舞,她有时会一直练到筋疲力尽,躺在地上上气不接下气。outofbreathTakeadeepbreathloseshisbreathholdingtheirbreath【补充要点】1.freezevi.&vt.结冰;(使)冻住【教材原句】Edmontonisfreezingcoldinwinter,withdailytemperaturesaveraging-10℃.(P38)埃德蒙顿在冬天冷得要命,平均日气温为零下十摄氏度。【词块必记】(1)原形freeze—过去式froze—过去分词frozen(2)freezingadj.寒冷的(3)frozenadj.冷冻的;结冰的【知识微练】单句语法填空①Itis_______outsidenow,andmoresnowisfallingonalready______streets.(freeze)②Betweentheoutsideandtheinsidewallsofthebowl,thereissomejelly,which______(freeze)whencooled.【典句赏析】

Hearingtheunexpectednews,hefrozeandcouldn’tmoveaninch.听到这个意外的消息,他呆住了一下也动不了。freezingfrozenfreezes2.anticipatevt.

预料;预见;期望【教材原句】However,theydidnotanticipateseeingsuchanopencountry,andweretrulyamazed.(P39)然而她们没有预料到会看到这样一片开阔的国土,真的很惊讶。【词块必记】(1)anticipatedoingsth. 预料到做某事(2)anticipation n.预料;期望【知识微练】单句语法填空①_________________(anticipate)thismajorproblem,thecompanytookaseriesofmethodstomakesuretheprojectwouldgoassmoothlyaspossible.

②Heboughtextrafoodinthe___________(anticipate)thatmorepeoplewouldcomethanhehadinvited.Havinganticipatedanticipation3.contraryadj.相反的;相对立的n.相反的事实(或事情)【典型例句】Weshouldn’tlookdownuponthedisabled;onthecontrary,weshouldhelpthem.我们不应该歧视残疾人,相反地,我们应该帮助他们。【词块必记】(1)becontraryto 与……相反(2)onthecontrary 恰恰相反(3)tothecontrary 相反地【知识微练】翻译句子①Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoftenresultsinthecontrarytoourintention.___________________________②Heseemstobegivingtheimpressionthathedidn’tenjoyhimselfinParis.Onthecontrary,hehadawonderfultime.________________________________________________________“拔苗助长”往往会事与愿违。他看起来在巴黎玩得不开心。而事实恰恰相反,他过得很愉快。【典句赏析】

Mysister’stasteindressesiscontrarytomyown.在服装方面,我妹妹的爱好和我完全不同。4.owesth.tosb.欠(某人情);把……归功于某人【典型例句】Heowedhisachievementtohardworkanddeterminationtosucceed.他把他的成就归功于辛勤的工作和必胜的决心。【词块必记】owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.owingto因为,由于【知识拓展】其他表示“因为,由于”的词组:becauseof,asaresultof,onaccountof,dueto,thanksto等。【知识微练】单句语法填空Havingwitnessedthewholeprocess,heknewhe_____(owe)hisfriendaheartfulapology.owed【典句赏析】

①ItisowingtohisoptimismandperseverancethathewasadmittedintoPekingUniversity.正是他的乐观和坚持使他被北京大学录取。②ImustsayIowealltheachievementstotheencouragementandhelpfromyou.我必须说我所有的成就源于你的鼓励和帮助。5.Standinginthedistance,theywereastonishedtoseemistycloudsrisingfromthegreatNiagaraFalls,whichisonthesouthsideofthelake.

她们站在远处眺望,看到湖的南边从尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾而起的水雾,感到非常震撼。【句型公式】

现在分词作状语表示主动与进行。(1)Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedforjoy.听到这个消息,他们都高兴地跳了起来。(时间状语)(2)Notknowingheraddressorphonenumber,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.由于不知道她的地址和电话号码,我们无法与她取得联系。(原因状语)(3)FollowingTom,westartedtoclimb.我们跟随汤姆开始爬山。(方式状语/伴随状语)(4)Thefirelastedawholenight,causinggreatdamage.大火持续了一整夜,造成了巨大的损失。(结果状语)【知识微练】单句语法填空①Nervously______(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.②Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.③______________(suffer)suchheavypollution,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.

facinglisteningHavingsuffered【典句赏析】

Notknowinghowtosolvethisproblem,Iamwritingtoyouhopingyoucangivemesomeadvice.我不知道怎么解决这个问题,我给你写这封信希望你能够给我一些建议。IV.话题写作得知你准备去英国旅游,想了解有关英国的历史文化,你的英国朋友写了一封简要的介绍文章,内容包括:1.英国地理位置;2.英国历史地位。注意:

词数80左右。Step1写作技巧1.词汇提升(短语升级)ThefullnameoftheUKis“TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”,whichismadeupoffourcountries.→ThefullnameoftheUKis“TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”,which_________fourcountries.

consistsof2.句式多变(过去分词短语作状语)TheUKliesinthenorthwestofEuropeandisseparatedfromtheEuropeContinentbytheEnglishChannel.→__________thenorthwestofEurope,theUKisseparatedfrom