重庆市南开中学高三上学期12月月考英语试题

重庆市高届高三第四次质量检测英语试题命审单位：重庆南开中学注意事项：节和第四部分为非选择题。共分，共页。全部答案在答题卡上相应区域内完成，在本试卷上作答无效。选择题请使用铅笔填涂，非选择题请使用毫米黑色签字笔作答。要求字迹工整、笔迹清晰。信息一致。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力共两节；满分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节共5小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwillthemanbeginanewjob?A.NextMonday.B.ThisSunday.C.ThisFriday.2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Neighbors.C.Classmates.3.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Gotothedentist.B.Changeahospital.C.Givethemanalift.4.Whatisthewomandissatisfiedwith?A.Theimpolitewaiters.B.Thepoortaste.C.Theslowservice.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thechangesonthemarket.B.Themanagementofapany.第1页/共24页C.Thekeystoapany'ssuccess.第二节共小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhyismovingtoSingapore?A.Hisfamilyaremovingthere.B.Hehasgotanewjobthere.C.He'sgoingbackhome.7.Howdoesfeelaboutthemove?A.Excited.B.Doubtful.C.Unhappy.听第7段材料，回答第8至题。8.Wheredothespeakersprobablywork?A.Inashop.B.Inahospital.C.Inarestaurant.9.WhatiswrongwithAlice?A.Sheisill.B.Sheissad.C.Sheisbusy.10.WhatisSimongoingtodo?A.Leavehisjob.B.DoAlice'swork.C.Findsomeoneelse.听第8段材料，回答第至题。Whatservicedoestheman'steamprovide?A.Recordingavacation.B.Planningawedding.C.Arrangingatour.12Howdidthewomanlearnabouttheman'sservice?A.FromtheInternet.B.Fromherhusband.C.FromTV.13.Wherewillthewomanprobablygo?A.NewB.London.C.Bali.听第9段材料，回答第至题。14Whatisthemostdifficultclothesthewomanhasevermade?A.Apairoftrousers.B.Adress.C.Acoat.第2页/共24页15Whofirsttaughtthewomantomakeclothes?A.Hergrandmother.B.Afashiondesigner.C.Hercollegeteacher.16.Howoldisthewomannow?A.32.B.33.C.34.17.Wheredoesthewomanwork?A.Ataclothingshop.B.Atahospital.C.Atacollege.听第段材料，回答第至题。18.Howmanyvolunteerstookpartintheproject?A.15.B.19.C.40.19.Whatdidthescientistswanttoknowthroughtheproject?A.Whenthebodyclockwouldfailtowork.B.Whatitwouldbeliketoremainunderground.C.Howpeoplewouldadapttochangesinlivingenvironments.20.Whatdidsomevolunteerslose?ATheirsenseofdirection.B.Theirsenseofsmell.C.Theirsenseoftime.第二部分阅读理解共两节；满分分)第一节共小题；每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项、、C和中，选出最佳选项。ATheKnowlesFellowshipTheKnowlesFellowshipisafouryearprogramthatsupportsearlycareer,highschoolmathematicsandscienceteachersintheirtodevelopteachingexpertiseandleadfromtheclassroom.KnowlesFellowshipBenefits●Fellowsreceivefinancialsupportintheformofgrants(政府拨款)throughouttheyear,helpingtocoverclassroommaterialsandsupportprofessionalgrowth.KnowlesFellowsareNOTawardedbasedon第3页/共24页need(financialorotherwise),butonabilityandpromise.●ProgramandLeaderMentorsregularlycheckinwithFellows,discussprofessionaldilemmas,andprovidesupportthroughpersonalchallenges.●AfterpletingtheFellowship,FellowsbeemembersoftheSeniorFellowsProgram,allowingthemtostayinvolvedintheKnowlesmunity,whichincludesmorethan600Fellowsinover40statesandtheDistrictofColumbia,andreceiveongoingsupportthroughouttheircareers.1.Beahighschoolmathorscienceteacherenteringyour1st,2nd,or3rdyearofteachinginSeptember2026.2.Bemittedtoteachinggrades912intheUnitedStates.3.Haveearnedamathematics,biology,chemistry,orphysicsdegreewithinthepasttenyearsbySeptember1,2026.InitialApplicationDeadline:January6,2026AnnouncementofPreliminary(预赛)RoundAdvancement:January9,2026PreliminaryRoundEssayDue:January16,2026QuarterfinalistSubmission:February17,2026SemifinalistGroupInterview:Saturday,April2026FinalistIndividualInterview:May315,2026FellowshipEarlyJuly20261.WhatdoestheKnowlesFellowshipA.positionsindifferentstates.B.Professionaltrainingfromlocalschools.C.LongtermconnectionwiththeKnowles.D.Financialaidforlowineparticipants.2.Whichofthefollowingisrequiredforapplication?A.Strongteachingability.B.Previousworkexperience.C.Recentuniversitygraduation.D.Relatedacademicbackground.3.Howmanytasksmustanapplicantpletetoreceivethefellowship?第4页/共24页A.4.B.5.C.6.D.7.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了诺尔斯教学奖学金项目相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据KnowlesFellowshipBenefits部分第三点中“AfterpletingtheFellowship,FellowsbeemembersoftheSeniorFellowsProgram,allowingthemtostayinvolvedintheKnowlesmunity,whichincludesmorethan600Fellowsinover40statesandtheDistrictofColumbia,andreceiveongoingsupportthroughouttheircareers.(完成该奖学金项目后，获奖教师将成为高级研究员项目的成员，这使他们能够持续参与诺尔斯社区的活动，该社区涵盖了分布在40多个州及哥伦比亚特区的600余名研究员，并能在整个职业生涯中获得长期支持)”可知，诺尔斯教学奖学金提供与诺尔斯的长期联系。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据CandidateRequirements部分第三点“Haveearnedamathematics,biology,chemistry,orphysicsdegreewithinthepasttenyearsbySeptember1,2026.(在2026年9月1日之前的十年内获得数学、生物、化学或物理学位)”可知，申请者需具备相关学术背景。故选D。【3题详解】Applicationtimeline部分“InitialApplicationDeadline:January6,2026(初始申请截止日期：2026年1月6日)、PreliminaryRoundEssayDue:January16,2026(预赛轮论文提交截止日期：2026年1月16日)、QuarterfinalistSubmission:February17,2026(四分之一决赛入围者视频提交：2026年2月17日)SemifinalistGroupInterview:Saturday,April2026(2026年4月日)及FinalistIndividualInterview:May315,2026(决赛入围者个人面试：2026年5月3日至15日)”可知，申请者需完成的任务为：提交初始申请、提交预赛论文、提交四分之一决赛视频、参加半决赛小组面试、参加决赛个人面试，共5项。故选B。BWhenJamesShaplandspottedagapinthemarketforadogfriendlycaféthatwashalfwaybetweenatiny,trendyshopandalargechain,hestartedonehimself,Lab—isforandthelabreferstoLabradors(abreedofdog).It’snothisfirsttryinshops.Hesoldhisfirstbusiness,#1,inforabout£10milliontoSABrain,thebrewer.However,hemissedhisbusinessafterthesale.Hespent2017onaplanforasourdoughcafé,inspiredbythesuccessofthepizzachainFrancoManca,butshelvedtheideabecause“themarketseemeda第5页/共24页littletoogoodtobetrue”.In2020,hesensedanunmetneedforcafésthathadenough“spacetotakemylabradorin”.Hisplanwastoopenshopsbigenoughfordogsandtheirowners,withfriendlysellinggoodfoodandLabalsodonatestheprofitsfromthehomemadedogbiscuitsitsells,plusfirstdaytakingsfromeachstoreitopens.Sofar,ithasraisedmorethan£100,000forGuideDogscharityandsponsoreddogsintraining.Labnowhassites,withnumber12openingsooninPontcanna,andthreemoreoverthenextyearinandShropshire,allwithin100milesfromitsbaseinCardiff.“Ifeelquitestronglyaboutbeingabletovisitfrequently,soit’snotgoingtobeeaoneaweekblindexpansion,”hesaid.Labbegandoingitsownbakingin2023,whenShaplanddecidedthatbuyinginprepackagedbakedgoodsandsandwicheswouldn’tkeepcustomersingback.“Whenyoudothat,youendupwithaveragefoodthatyou’resellingfor£5andit’snotwhatpeoplewant”—especiallywhentheyarepaying£4foracoffee.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutLabfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Itrepresentsanemergingbusiness.B.Itwasmodeledonapizzachain.C.Itisasubbrandof#1.D.Itbeganassourdoughcafé.5.WhatdoesLabdobesidesservingfoodandA.Providedogtrainingsessions.B.Runadogwelfarefoundation.C.Donatedogbiscuitstocharity.D.Fundadogcharitableorganization.6.WhichwordbestdescribesShapland’sbusinessapproach?A.Daring.B.Strategic.C.Idealistic.D.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraphmean?A.priceshavebeenrising.B.Foodshouldn’tcostmorethanC.Foodandshouldbepricedreasonably.D.Customersexpectbetterfoodfortheirmoney.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.D【解析】第6页/共24页【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了创业者JamesShapland创办宠物友好型咖啡店Lab的经营理念与发展历程。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“WhenJamesShaplandspottedagapinthemarketforadogfriendlycaféthatwashalfwaybetweenatiny,trendyshopandalargechain,hestartedonehimself,Lab—isforandthelabreferstoLabradors(abreedofdog).(当JamesShapland发现市场上存在一个空白，即一种介于小型潮流咖啡馆和大型连锁品牌之间的宠物犬友好型咖啡馆时，他亲自创办了一家，名为Lab——lab)”以及第二段中“Hesoldhisfirstbusiness,#1,inforabout£10milliontoSABrain,thebrewer.However,hemissedhisbusinessafterthesale.Hespent2017onaplanforasourdoughcafé,inspiredbythesuccessofthepizzachainFrancoManca,butshelvedtheideabecause“themarketseemedalittletoogoodtobetrue”.首家企业#1以约1000万英镑的价格出售给了威尔士酿酒商SABrain集团。然而，出售后他却怀念起自己的事业。2017年，受披萨连锁品牌FrancoManca成功的启发，他着手规划一家酸面包咖啡馆，但最终搁置了这个想法——因为“市场前景好得有些不真实”)”可知，Lab是针对市场空白新创立的品牌，且是近年来推出的新型商业模式，因此可推断它代表一种新兴业态。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Labalsodonatestheprofitsfromthehomemadedogbiscuitsitsells,plusfirstdaytakingsfromeachstoreitopens.Sofar,ithasraisedmorethan£100,000forGuideDogscharityandsponsoreddogsintraining.Lab收入一并捐赠出去。截至目前，该品牌已为导盲犬慈善机构筹集超过10万英镑资金，并资助了只正在接受训练的导盲犬)Lab除了提供食物和咖啡外，还为导盲犬慈善机构筹集资金并赞助训练中的狗，即资助一个狗狗慈善组织。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hespent2017onaplanforasourdoughcafé,inspiredbythesuccessofthepizzachainFrancoManca,butshelvedtheideabecause“themarketseemedalittletoogoodtobetrue”.(2017年，受披萨连锁品牌FrancoManca场前景好得有些不真实”)”以及第三段中“In2020,hesensedanunmetneedforcafésthathadenough“spacetotakemylabradorin”.(2020年，他察觉到市场对有足够空间能带拉布拉多犬进入的咖啡馆存在未被满足的需求)”和第四段中““Ifeelquitestronglyaboutbeingabletovisitfrequently,soit’snotgoingtobeeaoneaweekblindexpansion,”hesaid.(Lab不会进行每周一第7页/共24页他说道)”可知，Shapland在创业过程中会进行市场调研，根据市场需求调整计划，并且注重扩张的合理性，说明他的商业方法是具有战略性的。故选B。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Labbegandoingitsownbakingin2023,whenShaplanddecidedthatbuyinginprepackagedbakedgoodsandsandwicheswouldn’tkeepcustomersingback.“Whenyoudothat,youendupwithaveragefoodthatyou’resellingfor£5andit’snotwhatpeoplewant”—especiallywhentheyarepaying£4foraLab于2023年开始自主烘焙业务，当时沙普兰认为，采购预包装烘焙食品5尤其是当顾客要花4英镑买一杯咖啡时)”可知，作者强调若食物品质一般却售价较高，尤其咖啡已卖4英镑时，顾客会期望食物品质与其支付的价格相匹配。因此划线部分意味着顾客希望物有所值，即花钱得到更好的食物。故选D。CEarlierthisyear,AliciaMeyer,aresearcherattheUniversityofPennsylvania,triedtofigureoutthetrueownershipofapairofleatherglovesthatrestedintheuniversity’slibraryfornearlyacentury.Thelongforgottenmysteriousglovescouldn’thavebelongedtoShakespeare.Orcouldthey?FewrelicstiedtoShakespeare,whodiedin1616,havesurvivedthecenturies.Thewriter’ssignatureisextremelyrare,existingonlyinlegaldocuments.However,thatPennmaypossessaShakespeareantreasureisnosurprise.ItsShakespearecollections,mostlyfromthedonationsofH.H.Furness,thegreatestShakespeareanscholarofhistime,areworldfamous.AmongtheShakespeareanjewelsatPenn’slibraryisaeditionofHamlet,oneofonly19copiesintheworld.Butnothinglikethegloves.TheycausedastirwhenFurness’sondonatedthemin1931.MeyerreachedouttoconservationlibrarianGadomskiforhelp,whostudiedthemwithtechnologynormallyusedtotreatandcareforrarebooksandpapers.Examiningtheglovesunderultravioletlight,Gadomskisearchedforcluesofanypostindustrialmaterials,whichwouldshowthegloveswerelikelymadeorrepairedafterShakespeare’stime.Andfoundnone.Next,sheusedxrayfluorescencetechnologytosearchforsignsofchromium(Cr)ormonlyusedin18thand19thcenturytanningtechniques.Again,shefoundnone.ItwouldfitthatShakespearewouldownapairoffancygloves.Clothes,asheoncefamouslywrote,maketheman.Hisplaysmadethemoney.Hisfatherwasaglovemaker.Plus,itwasmonforrichpeopletodonateclothes,andevengloves,totheatersforcostumes,Meyersaid.第8页/共24页“Ifhereallyworethem,thenwefeellikewe’resomehowinthepresenceofhim,”PennprofessorZacharyLessersaidaboutthegloves.Butinhisheartofhearts,hefeelsit’salongshotthatthey’llevertrulyHehopestherenewedattentioncouldunearthsomehistoricalevidencethatcoulddefinitivelytietheglovestothehandsofperhapsthegreatestwritertheworldhaseverknown.8.WhyisitnotsurprisingthattheglovesatPennmaybelongtoShakespeare?A.Thegloveshavebeenkeptthereforyears.B.Pennhasahistoryofseekingvaluablerelics.C.PennisknownforowningrareShakespeareanitems.D.TheglovesweredonatedbyaShakespeareanscholar.9.WhatwasthesignificanceofGadomski’swork?A.ItruledoutnonShakespeareanpossibilities.B.Itconfirmedthegloves’linktoShakespeare.C.Itsecuredthegloves’longtermpreservation.D.Ituncoveredpostindustrialglovemakingmethods.10.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph4?A.suggestanotheroriginofthegloves.B.concludethefindingsoftheresearch.Csupporttheassumptionaboutthegloves.D.providemoreinformationaboutShakespeare.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WheredidtheglovesLeadUs?B.DidShakespeareOwnThesegloves?C.Shakespeare’sglovesResurfacedatPennD.LongforgottenglovesFoundTheirOwner【答案】8.C9.A10.CB【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨宾夕法尼亚大学图书馆手套是否为莎士比亚所有及相关研究。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“However,thatPennmaypossessaShakespeareantreasureisnosurprise.Its第9页/共24页Shakespearecollections,mostlyfromthedonationsofH.H.Furness,thegreatestShakespeareanscholarofhistime,areworldfamous.AmongtheShakespeareanjewelsatPenn’slibraryisaeditionofHamlet,oneofonly19copiesintheworld.(士比亚藏品举世闻名，其中大部分来自当时最伟大的莎士比亚学者H.H.Furness的捐赠。宾大图书馆的莎19)世界闻名的莎士比亚藏品，所以这双手套可能属于莎士比亚并不令人惊讶。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Examiningtheglovesunderultravioletlight,Gadomskisearchedforcluesofanypostindustrialmaterials,whichwouldshowthegloveswerelikelymadeorrepairedafterShakespeare’stime.Andfoundnone.Next,sheusedxrayfluorescencetechnologytosearchforsignsofchromium(Cr)ormonlyusedin18thand19thcenturytanningtechniques.Again,shefoundnone.(Gadomski用紫外线照射手套，寻找是否存在任何后工业时代材料的线索，若有此类材料，则表明手套很可能是在莎士比亚时代之后制作或修补的。结果并未发现此类材料。接着，她采用X射线荧光技术，寻找铬（Cr）或钛（）的痕18世纪和19)”可知，Gadomski的研究排除了手套在莎士比亚时代之后制作或修补的可能性，即排除了非莎士比亚时代的可能性。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“ItwouldfitthatShakespearewouldownapairoffancygloves.Clothes,asheoncefamouslywrote,maketheman.Hisplaysmadethemoney.Hisfatherwasaglovemaker.Plus,itwasmonforrichpeopletodonateclothes,andevengloves,totheatersforcostumes,Meyersaid.(莎士比亚拥有一双精致的手套也合乎情理。正如他曾写下的一句名言：人靠衣装。他的戏剧为他带来了财富。他的父亲是一名手套匠。此外，Meyer称，富人向剧院捐赠衣物甚至手套用作戏服，在当时是很常见的事)”可知，第四段通过引用莎士比亚关于衣着的名言、其父亲的职业以及当时富人向剧院捐赠衣物的习俗，为“手套可能属于莎士比亚”这一假设提供了背景信息和合理性支持。故选C。【题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章围绕宾夕法尼亚大学图书馆一副手套的归属展开，核心问题是探究它们是否属于莎士比亚，并描述了研究过程与相关背景，最终也未得出确凿结论，核心疑问贯穿始终，B选项“DidShakespeareOwnThesegloves?(莎士比亚是否拥有这副手套？)”最能概括全文核心，最适合作为文章的标题。故选B。DForparents,dealingwithschoolschedulescanbeanightmare:halfdays,daysandvacation.Itimposes第10页/共24页(强加)aburdensogreatthattheysimplycannotbethecaretakersorworkerstheywanttobe.It’shardtoimagineanyworkingparentwhowouldbeabletohandleregular3p.m.schooldismissals,alongwithfrequenthalfdaysandfulldaysAfterall,howmanyparentsgetmorethan10weeksofvacationeachyear?Howmanystruggletocamps?However,evenifweshouldbemovinginthedirectionofmoretimespentatschools,don’tholdyourbreath.Increasingly,publicschoolsystemsareembracingfourdayweeks.Ofcourse,manyofthecutsarebornoffinancialnecessity.Butwe’vefailedtorecognizehowsomethingasbasicasschoolschedulesdramaticallydisadvantagesworkingparents,alongwiththosewhocan’tthemountainofoutofschoolcoststheseschedulesimpose.IthasalwaysbeensurprisingtoUlrichBoser,anexpertonlearning,thatpoliticiansdon’tevenraisethetopicofschoolschedules.9to5reallyresonateswithindividuals,hesays.Andyet,“It’snotlikewe’veseenanypresidentialcandidatesrunonschoolbeingninetofive.”Thechangewewantistocarryout.Someparents—particularly,affluentparents—stronglyresistchangestoschoolcalendars,especiallyiftheywanttosigntheirchildrenupforcertainafterschoolactivitiesorcamps,orifthey’vegotvacationplans.Andthenthere’sthebusinessmunity.Restaurants,icecreamparlors,andhotelsalldependonhighschoolstudentsasemployees.Allofthismakesitmorechallengingtoincreasetheamountoftimestudentsspendinschools.Thoughfewpoliticianscareaboutit,thereareenormousadvantagestoadoptingaschoolschedulethatlooksalittlemorelikeaworkschedule.Changecouldegradually.Inacity,youcouldimaginecreatingjustoneyearroundelementaryschool.Beingastudenttherewouldbepurelyvoluntary.whooptinwouldgetpaidmorefortheiradditionalwork.wouldstartsmall,andseeifchildrenandadultsembracedtheadvantages.12.Whatistherootcauseoftheproblemparentsface?A.Thefinancialburdenofafterschoolcamps.B.Anoverpackedscheduleofschoolactivities.C.Alackofvacationtimeprovidedbyemployers.D.Theconflictbetweenworkandschoolschedules.13.Whatarepublicschoolsdoingnow?A.Increasingtuitionfees.B.Shorteningschooltime.C.Drawingpoliticalattention.D.Extendingschoolschedules.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“affluent”inParagraph3mean?A.B.第11页/共24页C.Uneducated.D.Overprotective.15.Whatismainlydiscussedinthelastparagraph?A.Benefitsofthesolution.B.Challengestothereform.C.Consequencesoftheissue.D.Suggestionsforthechange.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了家长面临的学校日程与工作冲突问题及解决方案。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Forparents,dealingwithschoolschedulescanbeanightmare:halfdays,daysandvacation.Itimposes(强加)aburdensogreatthattheysimplycannotbethecaretakersorworkerstheywanttobe.(负担，以至于他们根本无法成为自己想成为的照顾者或工作者)”可知，家长面临的问题的根源是工作和学校日程之间的冲突，使得他们无法兼顾工作和照顾孩子。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Increasingly,publicschoolsystemsareembracingfourdayweeks.(越来越多的公立学校系统开始实行每周四天制)”可知，公立学校正在缩短学校时间，实行每周四天制。故选B。【14题详解】Someparents—particularly,affluentparents—stronglyresistchangestoschoolcalendars,especiallyiftheywanttosigntheirchildrenupforcertainafterschoolactivitiesorcamps,orifthey’vegotvacationplans.(一些家长——尤其是affluent子报名参加某些课外活动或夏令营，或者他们有度假计划的话)”可知，这些家长有经济能力为孩子报名参affluent”意为“富裕的”。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Changecouldegradually.Inacity,youcouldimaginecreatingjustoneyearroundelementaryschool.Beingastudenttherewouldbepurelyvoluntary.whooptinwouldgetpaidmorefortheiradditionalwork.wouldstartsmall,andseeifchildrenandadultsembracedtheadvantages.(改变可以慢慢来。在一个城市里，你可以想象只创建一所全年制的小学。在那里上学完全是自愿的。选择加入的教师将因其额外的工作而获得更高的报酬。我们将从小事做起，看看儿童和成人是否接受这些优势)”可知，最后一段主要讨论了对于改变学校日程的一些具体建议，如创建全年制小学、教师额外工作报酬等。第12页/共24页故选D。第二节共5小题；每小题分，满分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LonelinessMakesUsProcrastinate(拖延)MoreProcrastinationtroublesusall,thoughsomeofusreportamorelonglastingexperienceofpushingunfuntaskstothefinalhourorneverpletingthematall.Somestudiesestimatethataround25percentofadultsand80percentofcollegestudentshabituallyprocrastinate.Therearemanyreasonswewaituntilthelastminutetodowhatweshouldhavedonedays,weeks,ormonthsago.____16____Lonelinessisthenegativeperceptionthatonehasnoortoofewfriendsandlovedones.It’sdifferentfromisolation,whichistheobjectivefactofbeingalone.____17____Onecanhavemanyfriendsbutstillfeellonely.Lonelinessisknowntopredictarangeofpoorphysicalandmentalhealthoutes,includinggreaterrisksofheartdiseaseandstroke,dementia,anxiety,anddepression.Evencancer.____18____Moreoftenthannot,itmakeseventhesmallestoftasks—respondingtoatextoremail,say—seemimpossibletodo.AsMarkGoulston,M.D.,explainsinGetOutOfYourOwnWay,thelinkbetweenlonelinessandprocrastinationisaboutmorethanjusttheenergylosspeoplewithlonelinessexperience.____19____Duringthattimewelearnedtoassociatechallengewiththepainofbeingalone.____20____Buildinggenuinesocialbondsthroughmunityactivitiesortherapyisagoodone.Byrecognizinglonelinessasanadjustablefactor,individualscanbreaktheprocrastinationcycle,reclaimingproductivityandemotionalresilience.Ultimately,understandingthisconnectionhighlightstheimportanceofnurturingrelationshipstofosteramoremotivated,connectedlife.A.Lonelinessismoreofafeelingthanafact.B.Notsurprisingly,itcanruinourmotivation.C.Lonelinesscanacpanypeoplewithdepression.D.Itcanoftenberelatedtonegativeexperiencesinchildhood.E.Addressingthislinkrequiresselfawarenessandactivesteps.F.Infactmanyofusmaynotevenrealizethatweareprocrastinating.G.However,oneunexpectedfactorinfluencingprocrastinationisloneliness.【答案】16.G17.A18.B19.D20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是孤独与拖延之间的关联。第13页/共24页【16题详解】空前“Therearemanyreasonswewaituntilthelastminutetodowhatweshouldhavedonedays,weeks,ormonthsago.()”说明引Lonelinessisthenegativeperceptionthatonehasnoortoofewfriendsandlovedones.()出孤独是拖延症的一个原因，G选项“However,oneunexpectedfactorinfluencingprocrastinationisloneliness.()合语境，故选G。【17题详解】空前“Lonelinessisthenegativeperceptionthatonehasnoortoofewfriendsandlovedones.It’sdifferentfromisolation,whichistheobjectivefactofbeingalone.(孤独是一种负面认知，认为自己没有或只有太少的朋友和亲人。它与孤立不同，孤立是独处的客观事实。)”明确了孤独与孤立的区别，空处承接上文，A选项“Lonelinessismoreofafeelingthanafact.()”承接上文对孤独的定义，符合语境，故选A。【18题详解】空前“Lonelinessisknowntopredictarangeofpoorphysicalandmentalhealthoutes,includinggreaterrisksofheartdiseaseandstroke,dementia,anxiety,anddepression.Evencancer.(和精神健康状况不佳的结果，包括患心脏病和中风、痴呆、焦虑和抑郁的风险更高。甚至是癌症。)”说明了孤独会导致的结果，空格处也应该和孤独导致的结果有关，B选项“Notsurprisingly,itcanruinourmotivation.(毫不奇怪，它会毁掉我们的动力。)”说明了孤独会毁掉我们的动力，是孤独会导致的结果，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】空前“AsMarkGoulston,M.D.,explainsinGetOutOfYourOwnWay,thelinkbetweenlonelinessandprocrastinationisaboutmorethanjusttheenergylosspeoplewithlonelinessexperience.(正如医学博士MarkGoulston在GetOutOfYourOwnWay一书中所阐释的，孤独与拖延之间的关联，远不止是孤独者所经历的精力损耗这么简单。)”说明的是孤独和拖延之间的关系远不止是孤独者所经历的精力损耗这么简单，空格Duringthattimewelearnedtoassociatechallengewiththepainofbeingalone.()该出现在空格处，D选项“Itcanoftenberelatedtonegativeexperiencesinchildhood.(它通常与童年的负面经历有关。)”中的it指代前面的“拖延”，说明了拖延和童年的经历有关，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。第14页/共24页【20题详解】空后“Buildinggenuinesocialbondsthroughmunityactivitiesortherapyisagoodone.Byrecognizinglonelinessasanadjustablefactor,individualscanbreaktheprocrastinationcycle,reclaimingproductivityandemotionalresilience.(独是一个可调节的因素时，就能够打破拖延的恶性循环，重新找回高效状态，并重获情绪韧性。)”说的是解决拖延症的办法，E选项“Addressingthislinkrequiresselfawarenessandactivesteps.(解决这一联系需要自我意识和积极的行动。)”说明解决拖延症和孤独之间的联系需要自我意识和积极的行动，引出了下文的具体的办法，符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用共两节；满分分)第一节共小题；每小题1分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项、、C和中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Nothingissobadthatitisnotgoodforsomething.Gettingcaughtinafloodisnoone’sideaofa(n)____21____day.Unlessyou’reJustinandJessicaItwasAugust2004.Jessica,thenamonwealthUniversitystudent,waswaitingoutsidethecampusgym,herridehome____22____tobeseen.Justinwalkedoutandarideandshelterfromtheincreasingrainwhichwas____23____inRichmond,Sherecognizedhimfromorientation(新生培训)afewdaysbefore.“Iwaslike,OK.Maybehewasseekingmyattention,”Jessicalatersaid.Butitwasrainingbuckets,soshe____24____.BucketsturnedtobarrelsasJustin,____25____toRichmond,madeawrongturnontoMainStreet,____26____thetwopeopleinthedisabledbyrisingfloodwatersandabandonedcars.Justwhenthetwothoughttheirluckcouldn’tgetworse,awave____27____overJustin’scar,floodingtheengineandsendingrainwaterthroughtheairvents.Suddenly,thewaterwasuptotheirlapsandrising.Justin____28____Jessica’sdoorhandleandinoneblowopenedherdoorandpushedheroutofthecar.____29____rushingwateranddebris(碎片),thetwomadeittothestepsofanearbytrainstation.Theyspentthenextfewhourshelpingothersto____30____insidethestation.inwetclothes,theyshareda(n)____31____halfsandwichandabeer.Atthatmomenttheirconnection____32____.“I’mapersonwhoneedsa____33____,andIthoughtifGodisn’tgivingmeonerightnow,I’mafool,”saysJessica.“AndIknew:ThisisthemanI’mgonnamarry.”IfJustinhadn’tmadeawrong____34____,thetwolikelywouldhaveavoidedthefloodandmayneverhavespokenagain.Instead,fouryearslater,Justingainedawife____35____helostacar.21.A.troublesomeB.freshC.luckyD.unfortunate第15页/共24页22.A.anywhereB.nobodyC.somethingD.nowhere23.A.pouringB.whisperingC.weakeningD.flowing24.A.fledB.liedC.acceptedD.replied25.A.nativeB.newC.drawnD.relevant26.A.landingB.arrangingC.surroundingD.separating27A.frozeB.brokeC.dancedD.died28.A.repairedB.releasedC.grabbedD.inspected29.A.ClearingB.BattlingC.CollectingD.Approaching30.A.satisfactionB.dangerC.silenceD.safety31.A.valuelessB.pitifulC.abundantD.ordinary32.A.sparkedB.fadedC.crashedD.maintained33.A.presentB.judgementC.signD.warning34.A.planB.suggestionC.gestureD.turn35.A.becauseB.thoughC.whenD.if【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.B28.C29.B30.D31.B32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了贾斯汀和杰西卡因洪水结缘并终成眷属的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被洪水困住绝不是任何人眼中幸运的一天。A.troublesome麻烦的；B.freshC.luckyD.unfortunateGettingcaughtinaflood是幸运的事。故选C。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡，当时是弗吉尼亚联邦大学的学生，正在校园体育馆外等着，她回家的车不见踪影。A.anywhere任何地方；B.nobody没有人；C.something某事；D.nowhereherridehome”以及下文“tobeseen”可知，杰西卡等车回家，但是车不见踪影，nowheretobeseen表示“看不到，不见踪影”。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：贾斯汀走了出来，主动提出载她一程，并让她躲避弗吉尼亚州里士满市愈下愈第16页/共24页大的雨。A.pouring倾泻；B.whispering低语；C.weakening变弱；D.flowingtheincreasingrain”可知，雨下得很大，pour常用来形容雨下得猛烈，符合语境。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是雨下得很大，所以她接受了。A.fled逃跑；B.lied撒谎；C.accepted接受；D.replied回复。根据上文“Butitwasrainingbuckets”可知，她因雨势太大接受了帮助。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：雨越下越大，刚到里士满的贾斯汀拐错了弯，开上了主街，结果两人陷入了因洪水上涨和车辆遗弃而瘫痪的交通中。A.nativeB.newC.drawnD.relevant相关的。根据下文“madeawrongturnontoMainStreet”可知，贾斯汀是新来此地的，才会出现拐错弯的情况。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨越下越大，刚到里士满的贾斯汀拐错了弯，开上了主街，结果两人陷入了因洪水上涨和车辆遗弃而瘫痪的交通中。A.landingB.arrangingC.surrounding围绕；D.separatingthetwopeopleinthedisabledbyrisingfloodwatersandabandonedcars”可知，拐错弯后他们陷入