广东省广州市增城区2025-2026学年高三10月教学质量监测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省广州市增城区2025-2026学年高三10月教学质量监测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASeeYouintheDesertTheCoachellaValleyMusicandArtsFestival,theworld’slargestmusicfestivalheldinthedesert,iscomingsooninIndio,California,USA.●Dates:Nov.14-16&21-23,2025(Friday-Sunday)●Accommodations:CarCampingOurmostpopularovernightoptionletsyouparkavehicleonyourcampsite.Levelupwithareserved“preferred”sitelocatedinlot8.TentCampingSetupyourdesertpalaceonafieldofgrass.Perfectfortravelersfromabroadcamperswithoutcarsorfolkswhowantavehicle-freeenvironment.LakeEldoradoLocatedclosetothegeneralstore,foodvendorsandcampingcenterhub,andjustafewminutes’walkfromthevenueentrance.SafariCampingNestledinaquietandprivatecampingarea,SafariguestsstayinfurnishedShikar-styletents,enjoyallthecomfortsofhome,andmovearoundthevenuebygolfcartallweekendlong.*Campersmustbe18+unlessaccompaniedbyaparentoralegalguardian.*CampingisopenThursday9am-Monday10am.Fournightsstay!◎TicketPrices:TicketTypeBasicPriceConvenienceFeeTotalGATier1$499$50$549GATier2$549$50$599GATier3$599$50$649GAShuttleTier1$619$50$669GAShuttleTier2$669$50$719GAShuttleTier3$719$50$769*Kids5&underFree*Merchandise,foodandbeveragevendorsacceptcredit/debit/mobilepayonly.*GA+Shuttle(穿梭巴士)PassincludesentrancetothevenueallthreedaysandAnyLineShuttlePass.1.Whichtypeofcampingissuitableforinternationaltravelers?A.CarCamping. B.TentCamping. C.LakeEldorado. D.SafariCamping.2.WhatisanadvantageofcampingaroundLakeEldorado?A.Itsfreecarparking. B.Itsconvenientlocation.C.Itsquietenvironment. D.Itsclosenesstonature.3.WhatisthetotalpriceoftheGATier2ticketforacouplewitha3-year-oldkid?A.$1198. B.$1098. C.$1797. D.$599.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2025年美国Coachella音乐节，包括日期、住宿选项(汽车露营、帐篷露营、LakeEldorado、Safari露营)和门票价格。文中说明了不同露营类型的特点和适用人群，并给出了票价明细及注意事项，为读者提供了参与音乐节的实用信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“Accommodations”部分中关于“TentCamping”的描述“Setupyourdesertpalaceonafieldofgrass.Perfectfortravelersfromabroadcamperswithoutcarsorfolkswhowantavehicle-freeenvironment.(在草地上搭建你的沙漠宫殿。非常适合来自国外的旅行者、没有车的露营者，或希望无车环境的人。)”可知，帐篷露营适合国际旅行者，因为很多国际旅行者可能没有车或者想要无车的环境。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“Accommodations”部分中关于“LakeEldorado”的描述“Locatedclosetothegeneralstore,foodvendorsandcampingcenterhub,andjustafewminutes’walkfromthevenueentrance.(位于靠近杂货店、食品摊贩和露营中心枢纽的地方，距离场地入口仅几分钟步行路程。)”可知，在LakeEldorado露营的优势是位置便利。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“TicketPrices”部分可知，GATier

2的价格总共是599。一对夫妻需要购买两张GATier

2，所以费用是599×2=1198。又因为“Kids5&underFree(5岁及以下儿童免费)”，他们3岁的孩子不需要购票。所以这对夫妻带一个3岁孩子购买GATier2票的总价格是1198。故选A项。BDoyourememberthenameofyourkindergartenteacher?Ido—minewasMrs.White.IalwaysthoughtshemustbesomedistantrelativeofWaltDisney’sSnowWhite,withherbrightblueeyes,shortdarkhair,redlipsandfairskin.Idon’tremembermuchaboutwhatwelearnedinherclass,butmymotheroncetoldmethatweusedtowritealot.EverytimeIbroughtmywritingshome,momwouldnoticemanymistakes.Bunoredcorrectionsandalwaysastar.Somotimes-evenaGood!Itmademyheartsoarwithhappiness,butitworriedmymom.OnedaywhenshemetMrs.White,sheaskedherwhyshenevercorrectedmymistakes—whysheneverred-penciledintherightspellingsorpointedoutgrammaticalerrors.MomsaidMrs.Whitereplied,“Thechildrenarejustbeginningtogetexcitedaboutusingwords,aboutformingsentences.I-don’twanttodampenthatonthusiasmwithredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait.Thewonderofwordswon’t.”Maybethoseweren’therexactwords—thiswaslongago,andmomcouldonlyrecallthegist.TherestIaddedin.Igrewuplearningtousewordswithlovingconfidencelikethat.NowitoccurstomethatifMrs.Whitehadusedherredpenmoreprecisely,Iprobablywouldn’tbetellingyouaboutthisnow.Ilookbackandthinkshemusthavebeenaratherextraordinaryteacher—forexercisingsuchred-penrestraint,toallowthepleasure,wonder,andexcitementofexpressiontoflower—howeverfaultily—likethat.Iusedtomisspell“beautiful”alot—evenafterIenteredhighschool.I’doftenputthe“a”beforethe“e”—amistakethatalwaysfiustratedmyteacher.ButI’mgladIneverstoppedusingit.“Pretty”iseasiertospell,butitdoesn’tholdasmuchmeaningasyouwanttoconveysometimes.ThankstoMrs.White,IneverhesitatetowritewhatImean—evenwithimperfectspelling.Becauselifeisn’t“pretty”—it’s“baeutiful”:flawedyettrulywonderful.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph2referto?A.Theauthor’sattitudetoschoolwork. B.Theteacher’sresponsetothewritings.C.Theauthor’sacademicperformance. D.Theteacher’sdisservicetothestudents.5.WhatcanweknowfromMrs.White’sreply?A.Shewastoobusytomarkeverypaper. B.Shebelievedspellingwasunimportant.C.Shecouldn’tcorrectallthestudents’mistakes. D.Shewascarefulnottoruinthejoyofexpression.6.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofMrs.White’swayofteaching?A.Far-reaching. B.Contradictory. C.Conventional. D.Practical.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tohonorarespectedkindergartenteacher.B.Toshareanunforgettablelearningexperience.C.Totellhowearlyencouragementfuelslifelongconfidence.D.Toprovetechnicalaccuracyislessimportantthancreativity.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了幼儿园老师Mrs.White不批改她作业中错别字，反而鼓励她写作的经历。作者认为老师保护了孩子用词的热情，培养了她自信的写作态度。作者感激老师，并认识到创作乐趣比完美拼写更重要，这影响了她对生活的看法。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“EverytimeIbroughtmywritingshome,momwouldnoticemanymistakes.Bunoredcorrectionsalwaysastar.Somotimes-evenaGood!Itmademyheartsoarwithhappiness,butitworriedmymom.(每次我把我的作品带回家，妈妈都会注意到很多错误。但是没有红色的修正，总是有一个小星星，有时候甚至是一个“好！”这让我心里充满了喜悦，但却让妈妈很担心。)”以及后文“OnedaywhenshemetMrs.White,sheaskedherwhyshenevercorrectedmymistakes—whysheneverred-penciledintherightspellingsorpointedoutgrammaticalerrors.(有一天，当她见到怀特老师时，便问她为何从不纠正我的错误——为何从不用红笔标出正确的拼写方式，也从不指出语法上的错误。)”可知，这里的“it”指代的是老师对学生作品不进行错误纠正，而是给出一些评价的这种回应方式即老师对作者作业的反馈让作者充满了喜悦却让妈妈很担心。B选项“Theteacher’sresponsetothewritings.(教师对这些作品的回应。)”符合题意。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“MomsaidMrs.Whitereplied,‘Thechildrenarejustbeginningtogetexcitedaboutusingwords,aboutformingsentences.Idon’twanttodampenthatenthusiasmwithredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait.Thewonderofwordswon’t.’(妈妈说怀特老师回答说：“孩子们刚刚开始对使用单词、组成句子感到兴奋。我不想用红墨水来抑制他们的热情。拼写和语法可以等一等。单词的奇妙之处不会等。”)”可知，从怀特老师的回复中推断出她很小心，不想破坏孩子们表达的乐趣。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“NowitoccurstomethatifMrs.Whitehadusedherredpenmoreprecisely,Iprobablywouldn’tbetellingyouaboutthisnow.Ilookbackandthinkshemusthavebeenaratherextraordinaryteacher—forexercisingsuchred-penrestraint,toallowthepleasure,wonder,andexcitementofexpressiontoflower—howeverfaultily—likethat.(现在我想到，如果怀特老师更精确地使用她的红笔，我可能现在就不会跟你说这些了。我回想起来，觉得她一定是一位相当非凡的老师——她如此克制地使用红笔，让表达的乐趣、惊奇和兴奋能够像那样绽放——尽管有错误。)”以及最后一段中“ThankstoMrs.White,IneverhesitatetowritewhatImean—evenwithimperfectspelling.(多亏了怀特夫人，我敢于直抒己见——即便拼写不太准确也没关系。)”可知，作者因为老师的影响而一直敢于表达自己真实的想法；因此作者认为怀特老师的教学方式影响深远。A选项“Far-reaching.(影响深远的)”符合题意。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。结合最后一段“Becauselifeisn’t‘pretty’—it’s‘baeutiful’:flawedyettrulywonderful.(因为生活不是“美好的”——它是“美丽的”：有缺陷但真的很精彩。)”以及通读全文，文章主要讲述了作者幼儿园的White老师不纠正学生写作中的错误，让学生自由表达，这种教学方式对作者产生了深远的影响，让作者敢于用不完美的拼写表达自己真实的想法。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是为了纪念一位受尊敬的幼儿园老师。故选A。COneofthemostremarkableaspectsofthehumanbrainisitsabilitytorecognizeanddescribepatterns.However,somepatternsareincrediblydifficulttounderstand,suchastheconceptofturbulence(湍流).Turbulenceisacomplexphenomenonthatishardtodescribemathematically.ButartistslikeWincentyVanGoghhavecaughtitsessenceintheirpaintings.InJune1889,VanGoghpainted“TheStarryNight,”whichshowsabluenightskyfilledwithspinningcloudsandwhirls(旋涡)ofstars.Unliketheirearlierpainters,VanGoghandotherImpressionistartistsrepresentedlightdifferently.Theyseemedtocatchitsmovement;liketheshiningofstarsorthewavy-lighttravelsacrosswater.Thiseffectiscausedbybrightness,thestrengthoflightinthecolorsonthecanvas.In1941,RussianmathcmaticianAndreyKolmogorovputforwardamathematicalmodelforturbulence.Thismodelisveryclosetohowaturbulentflowworks,thoughafullunderstandingofturbulenceisstillnotachieved.In2004,scientistsusingtheHubbleSpaceTelescopesawwhirlsinafar-awaycloudofdustandgasthatwerelikeVanGogh’s“StarryNight”.ThisdiscoverymotivatedscientistsfromMexico,Spain,andEnglandtostudythebrightnessinVanGogh’spaintings.Theyfoundthatmanyofhisworks,especiallythosefromhistimesofgreatworryandanxiety,containpatternsofturbulentfluidstructurcssimilartoKolmogorov’smodel.Theresearchersturnedthepaintingsintodigitalformandmeasuredthechangesinbrightness.Theyconcludedthatthepaintingsarelikefluidturbulenceinbehavior.It’sappealingtosaythatVanGogh’sgeniusenabledhimtodescribeturbulence.However,it’salsoincredibletothinkthatduringaperiodofintensesuffering,VanGoghwasabletoperceiveandrepresentoneofthemostchallengingconceptsinnature.Hisuniquevisionunitedthemysteriesofmovement,fluid,andlightinawaythatcontinuestoinspirebothscientistsandartists.8.WhatmadeVanGoghandotherImpressionistsunique?A.Theypaintedmorenightscenes. B.Theypreferredtousebrightercolors.C.Theyfocusedmoreonlight’smovement. D.Theywerebetteratrepresentingturbulence.9.WhydoestheauthormentionKolmogorov’smodelinparagraph3?A.Tointroduceascientificbreakthrough.B.Tocriticizethelimitationsof20-centuryphysics.C.Tocomparedifferentmathematicalmodelsofturbulence.D.Toprovideaframeworkforanalyzingthepaintings’patterns.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.VanGogh’smentalstatemighthaveinfluencedhiscreation.B.VanGoghwasinspiredbyscientificdiscoveriesofhistime.C.VanGoghhadadeepunderstandingofmathematicalmodels.D.VanGogh’slaterworksshowedlessconnectionwithturbulence.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ArtandtheMysteryofTurbulenceB.TheImpressionistsandtheScienceofLightC.CatchingtheLight:VanGogh’sArtisticGeniusD.ArtMeetsScience:VanGogh’sTurbulentVision【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了画家梵高如何通过绘画捕捉湍流现象，并引用科学家的研究发现，认为梵高的作品展现了类似湍流的结构。文章将艺术与科学联系起来，展现了梵高独特的艺术视角和创造力。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ Unliketheirearlierpainters,VanGoghandotherImpressionistartistsrepresentedlightdifferently.Theyseemedtocatchitsmovement;liketheshiningofstarsorthewavy-lighttravelsacrosswater.Thiseffectiscausedbybrightness,thestrengthoflightinthecolorsonthecanvas.(与早期的画家不同，梵高和其他印象派画家对光的表现方式不同。他们似乎捕捉到了光的运动；就像星星的闪烁或水面上波光粼粼的光。这种效果是由画布上颜色的亮度，即光的强度造成的。)”可知，梵高和其他印象派画家的独特之处在于他们更关注光的运动。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In1941,RussianmathcmaticianAndreyKolmogorovputforwardamathematicalmodelforturbulence.Thismodelisveryclosetohowaturbulentflowworks,thoughafullunderstandingofturbulenceisstillnotachieved.(1941年，俄罗斯数学家安德烈·科尔莫戈罗夫提出了湍流的数学模型。这个模型非常接近湍流的流动方式，尽管对湍流的全面理解仍未实现。)”以及第四段“ThisdiscoverymotivatedscientistsfromMexico,Spain,andEnglandtostudythebrightnessinVanGogh’spaintings.Theyfoundthatmanyofhisworks,especiallythosefromhistimesofgreatworryandanxiety,containpatternsofturbulentfluidstructurcssimilartoKolmogorov’smodel.(这一发现激发了来自墨西哥、西班牙和英国的科学家研究梵高画作中的亮度。他们发现，他的许多作品，尤其是那些创作于他极度忧虑和焦虑时期的作品，包含了与科尔莫戈罗夫模型相似的湍流流体结构模式。)”可知，作者提到科尔莫戈罗夫的模型是为了提供一个分析画作模式的框架，科学家们通过对比画作中的模式与科尔莫戈罗夫的模型来研究梵高的画作。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theyfoundthatmanyofhisworks,especiallythosefromhistimesofgreatworryandanxiety,containpatternsofturbulentfluidstructurcssimilartoKolmogorov’smodel.(他们发现，他的许多作品，尤其是那些创作于他极度忧虑和焦虑时期的作品，包含了与科尔莫戈罗夫模型相似的湍流流体结构模式。)”可知，梵高的精神状态可能影响了他的创作。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了梵高的画作与湍流这一科学概念之间的联系，以及他的艺术创作如何受到其精神状态的影响，同时他的作品又继续激励着科学家和艺术家，体现了艺术与科学的交融。选项D“ArtMeetsScience:VanGogh’sTurbulentVision(艺术邂逅科学：梵高的湍流视角)”最能概括文章主旨，体现了艺术与科学的相遇以及梵高独特的湍流视角。故选D。DHaveyoueverfeltthatmosquitoesloveyoumorethanothers?Whileyourfriendsremainuntouched,youfindyourselfconstantlyhuntedbytheseannoyinginsects.Well,it’snotyourimagination.Scienceconfirmsthataround20%ofpeoplearenaturallyhighattractors,ormosquitomagnets,whoaremoreoftentargetedyearafteryear—andbiologyistoblame.Theprimarysignalthatdrawsmosquitoesfromadistanceisthecarbondioxide(CO₂)webreatheout.CapableofspottingastreamofCO₂fromupto30metersaway,mosquitoesusethisgasasa“dinnerbell”signalingthatawarm-bloodedhostisnearby.Oncetheypickupthisclue,theystartmovingtowardthesource.However,asmosquitoesgetcloser,youruniquebodysmellbecomesthedecidingfactor.Ourskinishometomillionsofmicrobes(微生物)thatbreakdownnaturaloilsandsweat,producingacomplexcocktailofchemicalcompounds.AccordingtoasignificantstudypublishedinthejournalCell,individualswhoaremosquitomagnetstendtoproducemuchhigherlevelsofspecifictypesofacidsontheirskin.Theseacidsactlikeanirresistiblesmelltomosquitoes.Incontrast,thoselessattractiveproducemoreketones,whichseemtomasktheirsmells,makingtheminvisibletomosquitoes.Totestthis,researchersdesignedanexperimentinalargeenclosedarena—aboutthesizeofaland-skatingrink.Theyreleasedmosquitoesandobservedhowtheychosebetweendifferentpeople.Theresultsshowedthatmosquitoesconsistentlyflewtowardthosewithcertainskinsmells.Otherfactorslikebodyheat,sweat,andgeneticmakeupalsoplayarole.Sinceourskinmicrobiomeislargelygeneticallydetermined,beingamosquitomagnetisoftenamatterofbadluck.Importantly,thisresearchisn’tjustaboutavoidingitchybites.Everyyear,millionsofpeoplediefrommosquito-bornediseases.Understandinghowmosquitoesfinduscaninspirescientiststofindbettersolutions.Sonexttimemosquitoesbuzzaroundyou,remember:it’snotacurse—it’sscience.Andsoon,wemighthavesmarterwaystooutsmartthesebothersomebiters.12.Whatfunctiondoescarbondioxideserveformosquitoes?A.Itactsasanappetizer. B.Itprovidesanutrientsource.C.Ithelpslocatehuman’spresence. D.Itdistinguisheshumanskintypes.13.Whatisthekeyfactorthatmakessomepeoplemoreattractivetomosquitoes?A.Themicrobeslivingontheirskin. B.Thenaturaloilsproducedbytheirskin.C.AgreatdealofCO₂breathedoutbythem. D.Largeamountsofcertainacidsontheirskin.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Bodytemperatureisthemostcriticalfactor.B.Beingamosquitomagnetislargelyunchangeable.C.Dietandlifestylehabitsinfluencemosquitoes’choices.D.Peoplecanimprovetheirgeneticmakeuptoavoidmosquitoes.15.Accordingtothetext,whatmightbethesignificanceoftheresearch?A.Revealinghowmosquitoesfindtargets.B.Explainingwhysomepeopleattractmosquitoes.C.Contributingtohowwebattleagainstmosquitoes.D.Provingthatsmellaffectsmosquitoes’bitingpreferences.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了为何有些人更容易吸引蚊子，解释了蚊子如何通过二氧化碳、体味等因素寻找目标，并阐述了相关研究的意义。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theprimarysignalthatdrawsmosquitoesfromadistanceisthecarbondioxide(CO₂)webreatheout.CapableofspottingastreamofCO₂fromupto30metersaway,mosquitoesusethisgasasa“dinnerbell”signalingthatawarm-bloodedhostisnearby.(将蚊子从远处吸引过来的主要信号是我们呼出的二氧化碳。蚊子能够从30米外发现一股二氧化碳，它们将这种气体作为“开饭铃声”，表明附近有温血宿主)”可知，蚊子利用二氧化碳来定位温血宿主的存在，即帮助它们定位人类的存在。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“AccordingtoasignificantstudypublishedinthejournalCell,individualswhoaremosquitomagnetstendtoproducemuchhigherlevelsofspecifictypesofacidsontheirskin.Theseacidsactlikeanirresistiblesmelltomosquitoes.(根据发表在《细胞》杂志上的一项重要研究，那些特别吸引蚊子的人往往会在皮肤上产生更高水平的特定类型的酸。这些酸对蚊子来说就像一种无法抗拒的气味)”可知，某些人皮肤上产生的大量特定类型的酸是吸引蚊子的关键因素。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Otherfactorslikebodyheat,sweat,andgeneticmakeupalsoplayarole.Sinceourskinmicrobiomeislargelygeneticallydetermined,beingamosquitomagnetisoftenamatterofbadluck.(其他因素如体温、汗液和基因构成也会产生影响。由于我们的皮肤微生物群主要由基因决定，招蚊子体质往往只能归咎于运气不佳)”可知，成为特别吸引蚊子的人很大程度上是由基因决定的，难以改变。故选B项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Understandinghowmosquitoesfinduscaninspirescientiststofindbettersolutions.(了解蚊子如何找到我们，可以启发科学家找到更好的解决方案)”可知，研究蚊子如何找到目标有助于科学家找到更好的对抗蚊子的方法，即这项研究的意义在于有助于我们对抗蚊子。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Withlifegettingmoredemandingandhecticallthetime,itseemsthere’sonlyonewaytocope—multitasking!Butcanweactuallymultitask?Thetermwasfirstusedinthe1960stodescribecomputerperformance.____16____Ourbrainisnotdesignedtohandletoomanytasksatthesametime.Somepsychologistsmodelvisualattentionasbeinglikeaspotlight.Itcanonlybeshoneinonedirectionatanyonetime.Ourprimaryfocus—whatwe’repayingmostattentionto—islikethebrightlylitareainthecentreofthespotlight.___17___Forinstance,intheCountingBallsexperiment,whenconcentratingoncountingbouncingballs,mostobserversmissobviouselementslikethesmileyfaceononeoftheballs.Thisshowsjusthowpowerfulfocusedattentionis,butitalsomeanswecanmissthingsthatrightunderournoses—aneffectknownasinattentionblindness.ThefamousInvisibleMonkeyExperimentfurtherconfirmsthis.Whenaskedtoconcentrateexclusivelyonhowoftenbasketballplayersinwhitepasstheball,mostpeoplecompletelymissthemonkeywalkingacrossthescreen.____18____Thisisaparticularproblemwhenwetrytomultitask.Wecanswitchattentionbetweentasks,butoverloadedattentionleadstomistakes.Thisdoesn’tmeanalldual-taskingisimpossible,though.____19____forexample,it’sachievabletoreadabookandlistentomusicatthesametime.However,drivingwhileonthephoneevenhands-freeisrisky:phonecallscreatementalimages,usingthesamevisualresourcesneededfordriving,makingusmissdangers.___20___Ifyou’refeelinglikeyoushouldbedoingseventeenthingsatonce,remember,that’sjustnotthewayyourbrainiswired.A.Dividedattentionresultsinerrors.B.Humanattentionisaverypreciousresource.C.Thehumanbrain,however,functionsdifferently.D.Itworksifthetwotasksrelyondifferentmentalresources.E.Multitaskingmakesusinefficientatbest,dangerousatworst.F.Peoplejustdon’thavethecapacitytoprocesseverythingatonce.G.Thoughwetakeinvastinformation,onlyalittlecatchesourattention.【答案】16.C17.G18.F19.D20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章先引出多任务处理话题，接着说明人类大脑与计算机不同，注意力有限，多任务易出错，最后指出多任务处理效率低甚至危险，大脑不适合多任务。【16题详析】上文提到“Thetermwasfirstusedinthe1960stodescribecomputerperformance.(“多任务处理”这个术语最初在20世纪60年代被用来描述计算机的性能)”，下文又指出“Ourbrainisnotdesignedtohandletoomanytasksatthesametime.(我们的大脑并不是设计用来同时处理太多任务的)”，这表明人类大脑和计算机在处理任务方面存在差异。C选项“Thehumanbrain,however,functionsdifferently.(然而，人类大脑的工作方式不同)”与前文构成对比，指出前后存在电脑和人类大脑的对比，符合语境。故选C。【17题详析】上文“Somepsychologistsmodelvisualattentionasbeinglikeaspotlight.Itcanonlybeshoneinonedirectionatanyonetime.Ourprimaryfocus—whatwe’repayingmostattentionto—islikethebrightlylitareainthecentreofthespotlight.(一些心理学家将视觉注意力比作一盏聚光灯。在任何时刻，这盏灯只能朝一个方向照射。我们的主要关注点——也就是我们最投入注意力的方面——就好比聚光灯中心那明亮的区域。)”将视觉注意力比作聚光灯，只能一次照向一个方向，我们主要关注的焦点就像聚光灯中心明亮的区域，G选项“Thoughwetakeinvastinformation,onlyalittlecatchesourattention.(尽管我们接收了大量信息，但只有一小部分能吸引我们的注意力)”进一步解释了注意力聚焦的特点，即虽然接收信息多，但只有少量能被关注，与上文关于注意力聚焦的描述相契合。故选G。【18题详析】上文通过“ThefamousInvisibleMonkeyExperimentfurtherconfirmsthis.Whenaskedtoconcentrateexclusivelyonhowoftenbasketballplayersinwhitepasstheball,mostpeoplecompletelymissthemonkeywalkingacrossthescreen.(著名的“隐形猴子实验”也进一步证实了这一点。当要求人们只专注于观察身穿白色衣服的篮球运动员传球的频率时，大多数人完全忽略了屏幕上那只正在行走的猴子。)”说明人们会因为专注而错过一些明显的事物，F选项“Peoplejustdon’thavethecapacitytoprocesseverythingatonce.(人们只是没有能力同时处理所有事情)”对这种现象进行了总结，解释了人们会错过事物的原因，符合语境。故选F。【19题详析】上文提到“Thisdoesn’tmeanalldual-taskingisimpossible,though.(不过，这并不意味着所有的双重任务都不可能完成)”，以及下文举例“it’sachievabletoreadabookandlistentomusicatthesametime.(同时读书和听音乐是可以实现的)”可知，读书和听音乐两个双重任务是可以实现的，后文应该对该原因进行解释。D选项“Itworksifthetwotasksrelyondifferentmentalresources.(如果两项任务依赖不同的心理资源，那么就可以同时进行)”解释了为什么有些双重任务可以完成，即任务依赖的心理资源不同，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D。【20题详析】后文“

Ifyou’refeelinglikeyoushouldbedoingseventeenthingsatonce,remember,that’sjustnotthewayyourbrainiswired.(如果你觉得自己应该同时做十七件事情，那么请记住，这并非你大脑的运作方式。)”给出建议，指出不要同时做多件事情，这不仅是人类大脑的运作方式，前文应该指出原因。E选项“Multitaskingmakesusinefficientatbest,dangerousatworst.(多任务处理充其量会让我们效率低下，最糟糕的情况下则会带来危险。)”对前文进行了总结，强调了多任务处理的弊端，符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Janie’sfarmwasn’tinitiallyasafeshelterforanimalswithphysicaldisabilities.Theremarkablejourneybeganwithherpersonal____21____.Attheageof10,acaraccidentcostJanieherleftleg,throwingherintoaworldwhereprosthetic(假肢的)technologybecamenotjustatool,buta____22____.“Prosthetictechnologyhashelpedme____23____mylife,soitcancertainlyhelpthem,”saysJanie.Yearslater,Janie____24____WoodstockFarmSanctuary,hometoover300rescuedanimals.WhenFelix,athree-month-oldlamb,sufferedawolf____25____andlosthisfrontleg,Janierespondedwithout____26____.“Hewastremblinginacorner,too____27____tostand,”sherecalls.Facedwiththechallengeoflimitedanimalprostheticmodels,Janie____28____Eric,herprosthetistoffifteenyears.“Fittingprosthetiesforanimalsis____29____,”Ericadmitted.Yetthrough____30____withauniversity3D-printinglabandafternumeroustrials,theycreatedaspeciallegforFelix.____31____Felixwalkingonthe3D-printedlegwasatearfulmomentforeveryoneinvolved.Thelamb,onceextremelyscared,nowraces____32____acrossthegrassland.“Peopleoftenviewthemmerelyasfarmanimals,”Janiesays,“butFelix’sjoy____33____usthattheycanalsofeelpain,love,andthe____34____tolivefully.”Thisisawonderfulexampleofhowcompassioncombinedwithinnovationcantruly____35____lives.21.A.ambition B.curiosity C.experience D.recovery22.A.device B.lifeline C.decoration D.reward23.A.rebuild B.regain C.reconsider D.recall24.A.discovered B.visited C.joined D.founded25.A.attack B.encounter C.escape D.incident26.A.preparation B.permission C.explanation D.hesitation27.A.weak B.tired C.shy D.anxious28.A.focusedon B.lookedfor C.turnedto D.chattedwith29.A.challenging B.risky C.traditional D.experimental30.A.communication B.argument C.cooperation D.arrangement31.A.Taking B.Following C.Recognizing D.Witnessing32.A.quickly B.freely C.secretly D.awkwardly33.A.warns B.orders C.reminds D.promises34.A.reason B.desire C.ability D.courage35.A.touch B.enrich C.sustain D.transform【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.D27.A28.C29.A30.C31.D32.B33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了因车祸失去左腿的Janie，凭借自身经历和假肢技术，创办农场庇护所，为受伤小羊打造3D打印假肢、改变其命运的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段非凡的旅程始于她的个人经历。A.ambition抱负；B.curiosity好奇心；C.experience经历；D.recovery康复。根据后文“Attheageof10,acaraccidentcostJanieherleftleg,throwingherintoaworld”可知，Janie10岁因车祸失去左腿的经历，可知她的行动源于自身的亲身经历。故选C项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：10岁时，一场车祸夺走了Janie的左腿，让她进入了一个假肢技术不仅是工具，更是生命线的世界。A.device设备；B.lifeline生命线；C.decoration装饰；D.reward奖励。根据后文“Prosthetictechnologyhashelpedmemylife,soitcancertainlyhelpthem,”saysJanie.”可知，假肢帮助Janie正常生活，是支撑她生活的关键，如同生命线一般重要。故选B项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“假肢技术帮助我重建了生活，所以它当然也能帮助它们，”Janie说。A.rebuild重建；B.regain重新获得；C.reconsider重新考虑；D.recall回忆。根据后文“soitcancertainlyhelpthem”可知，Janie因车祸失去左腿，假肢让她能重新正常生活，即重建生活。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，Janie创办了伍德斯托克农场庇护所，这里是300多只获救动物的家。A.discovered发现；B.visited参观；C.joined加入；D.founded创办。根据后文“hometoover300rescuedanimals”可知，农场庇护所是Janie创建的。故选D项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当三个月大的小羊Felix遭遇狼的袭击，失去了前腿时，Janie毫不犹豫地采取了行动。A.attack袭击；B.encounter相遇；C.escape逃脱；D.incident事件。根据后文“losthisfrontleg,”可知，Felix失去前腿，所以是遭到了狼的袭击。故选A项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当三个月大的小羊Felix遭遇狼的袭击，失去了前腿时，Janie毫不犹豫地采取了行动。A.preparation准备；B.permission允许；C.explanation解释；D.hesitation犹豫。Janie自身有类似经历，深知假肢的作用，所以看到小羊受伤后立刻行动，没有犹豫。故选D项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“它在角落里发抖，虚弱得站不起来，”她回忆道。A.weak虚弱的；B.tired疲惫的；C.shy害羞的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据前文“Hewastremblinginacorner”可知，Felix遭遇狼袭击、失去前腿，身体处于虚弱状态，无法站立。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：面对动物假肢模型有限的挑战，Janie求助于她认识了15年的假肢制作师Eric。A.focusedon专注于；B.lookedfor寻找；C.turnedto求助于；D.chattedwith与……聊天。根据前文“Facedwiththechallengeoflimitedanimalprostheticmodels”可知，Janie遇到技术难题，向熟悉的假肢制作师寻求帮助。故选C项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“给动物装假肢很有挑战性，”Eric承认。A.challenging有挑战性的；B.risky有风险的；C.traditional传统的；D.experimental实验性的。根据前文“limitedanimalprostheticmodels”可知，给动物适配假肢存在不少困难，具有挑战性。故选A项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过与一所大学的3D打印实验室合作，经过无数次试验，他们为Felix制作了一条特殊的腿。A.communication交流；B.argument争论；C.cooperation合作；D.arrangement安排。根据后文“withauniversity3D-printinglab”制作特殊假肢需要专业技术支持，需与大学实验室合作才能完成。故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：目睹Felix踩着3D打印的腿走路，对所有相关人员来说都是一个感人的时刻。A.Taking拿；B.Following跟随；C.Recognizing认出；D.Witnessing目睹。根据前文“Felixwalkingonthe3D-printedleg”可知，大家看到Felix成功用假肢走路，这是一个亲眼见证的感人场景。故选D项。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这只曾经极度害怕的小羊，现在可以在草地上自由奔跑。A.quickly快速地；B.freely自由地；C.secretly秘密地；D.awkwardly笨拙地。Felix适应了假肢后，恢复了正常活动能力，能自由奔跑。故选B项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“人们常常只把它们看作农场动物，”Janie说，“但Felix的快乐提醒我们，它们也能感受到痛苦、爱和充分生活的渴望。”A.warns警告；B.orders命令；C.reminds提醒；D.promises承诺。根据后文“theycanalsofeelpain,love”可知，Felix的经历让人们意识到动物也有丰富的情感，起到了提醒作用。故选C项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“人们常常只把它们看作农场动物，”Janie说，“但Felix的快乐提醒我们，它们也能感受到痛苦、爱和充分生活的渴望。”A.reason原因；B.desire渴望；C.ability能力；D.courage勇气。根据前文“theycanalsofeelpain,love”可知，动物和人类一样，有想要好好生活的渴望。故选B项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个很好的例子，说明同情心与创新相结合，真的能改变生命。A.touch触动；B.enrich丰富；C.sustain维持；D.transform改变。根据前文“Thelamb,onceextremelyscared,nowracesacrossthegrassland.”Janie的同情心和3D打印假肢的创新技术，让Felix的生活发生了彻底改变。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everybodysaysthatpotatoesandtomatoeshavenothingtodowitheachother.Recently,____36____,ateamofChinesescientistsfromtheAgriculturalGenomicsInstituteatShenzhendisco