广西钦州市浦北县2025-2026学年高二上学期期中检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广西钦州市浦北县2025-2026学年高二上学期期中检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWritingCompetitionsforHighSchoolStudentsin2024AdroitPrizesforPoetryandProse(散文)ThiscreativewritingawardoffershighschoolstudentstheopportunitytodisplaytheirworkinAdroitJournal.Qualifications:Allhighschoolstudents(includinginternationalstudents)canapply.Poetrycontestantsmaypresentuptofivepoems.Prosecontestantsmaypresentuptothreepiecesofwriting(foracombinedtotalof3,500words—excerptsaccepted).Prize:Winnerswillreceive$200andtheirwritingwillbepublishedinAdroitJournal.Deadline:ApplicationsareopenfromSeptembertoOctober(specificdatesmayvarybyyear).TheBenningtonYoungWritersAwardsThroughBenningtonCollege,thiscompetitionoffersthreeprizesinthreedifferentgenrecategories(体裁类型):poetry,fiction,andnonfiction.Qualifications:USandinternationalstudentsingrades9through12mayapply.Prize:Firstplacewinnersreceive$1,000;secondplacewinnerswin$500;thirdplacewinnersreceive$250.Deadline:ThecompetitionrunsannuallyfromSeptember1sttoNovember1st.NationalScholasticArtandWritingAwardsAtScholasticArtandWritingAwards,numerousopportunitiesforscholarships(奖学金)andawardsawaitthosewhopresentwritinginvariousgenres:literarycriticism,drama,poetry,andfiction.Inall,thereare28genrecategoriesofartandwritingtochoosefrom.Qualifications:Teensingrades7-12(aged13andup)mayapply.Prize:Varioustypesofrecognitionandscholarships(upto$12,500)areofferedtoawardwinners.Deadline:ThiscompetitionopensforentriesinSeptember;deadlinesrangefromDecembertoJanuary.LeonardM.Milburg’53HighSchoolPoetryPrizeThiscompetitionrecognizesoutstandingpoetrywritingandisjudgedbycreativewritingprofessorsatPrincetonUniversity.Qualifications:USorinternationalstudentsintheeleventhgrademayapply.Applicantsmaypresentuptothreepoems.Prize:Firstplacewins$1,500;secondplacewins$750;thirdplacewins$500.Deadline:November(specificdatesmayvarybyyear).1.WhatdoweknowaboutAdroitPrizesforPoetryandProse?A.Itswinners’workswillbepublished. B.Ithasthreedifferentgenrecategories.C.Itasksforfullversionsofproseworks. D.Itswinnersgetahandsomescholarship.2.Whatdothesecondandthirdcompetitionshaveincommon?A.Theybothlastfortwomonths. B.Theybothinvolvenovelwriting.C.Theyareforthesameagegroupofteens. D.Theyareorganizedbythesameuniversity.3.Whatisspecialaboutthelastcompetition?A.Itoffersthemostgenerousprizes. B.ItsworksmustbewritteninEnglish.C.Itsapplicantsmustpresent3poemsatleast. D.Ithasthenarrowestagerangeofparticipants.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合中学生参与的写作比赛，主要内容包括参赛资格，奖金设置以及截止日期等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据AdroitPrizesforPoetryandProse部分“Prize:Winnerswillreceive$200andtheirwritingwillbepublishedinAdroitJournal.(奖项：获奖者将获得200美元，并且其作品将发表在《敏锐》杂志上)”可知，这项比赛的获胜者的作品将会发表在AdroitJournal杂志上。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据TheBenningtonYoungWritersAwards部分“ThroughBenningtonCollege,thiscompetitionoffersthreeprizesinthreedifferentgenrecategories(体裁类型):poetry,fiction,andnonfiction.(通过本宁顿学院这一平台，此次竞赛在诗歌、小说和非小说这三种不同的类别中设立了三个奖项)”以及NationalScholasticArtandWritingAwards部分“AtScholasticArtandWritingAwards,numerousopportunitiesforscholarships(奖学金)andawardsawaitthosewhopresentwritinginvariousgenres:literarycriticism,drama,poetry,andfiction.(在“全美学术艺术与写作奖”中，对于那些提交各类体裁（如文学评论、戏剧、诗歌和小说）作品的参赛者而言，将有众多的奖学金和奖项等待着他们)”可知，二者都涉及小说创作，故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文章前三个比赛参赛者的年龄组信息可知，它们都面向不同年级的学生开放，而LeonardM.Milburg’53HighSchoolPoetryPrize的参赛者则是“Qualifications:USorinternationalstudentsintheeleventhgrademayapply.(资格要求：美国或国际十一年级学生均可申请)”可知，它的参赛者的年龄范围最窄，故选D。BJustunderaquarteroftherunnersinthemen’smarathon(马拉松)atthe1968MexicoCityOlympicGamesfailedtofinish.Itwasahardrace.Thecity’spunishingaltitude(海拔)madeabigcontribution.ButJohnStephenAkhwari,a30-year-oldfromafarmingfamilyinTanzania,wasgoingtomakeittothefinishline.“Ineverthoughtofstopping.Myonlygoalwastofinishtherace,”Akhwarisaid.Likemanyoftherunners,Akhwarihadnothadanyhigh-altitudetraining.MexicoCity’snearly2,300-metrealtitudecausedeventhestrongestmuscles(肌肉)tocramp(痉挛)painfully.However,worse—muchworse—wastocome.Asagroupofrunnersfoughtforposition,Akhwariwasknockedtothegroundbyaparticipant.Despitetheoldmannowcheerilysayingthathehad“minorinjuries”,reportsfrom1968suggestthattimehasmadepeopleforgettheseverepaintheTanzanianmusthavefelt.Akhwarinotonlyhurthisshoulderandcuthiskneedeeply,healsodislocatedthiskneejoint.But,afterreceiving“firstaid”asheputsit,thebandagedAkhwarisetoffforthefinishline.ThoseonthestreetsoftheMexicancapitalsoonrealizedwhattheywereseeing.“Thecrowdwasclappingandcheering;theyencouragedmealottofinishtherace,”saidthemanwhowalkedintotheOlympicStadium(体育场)almostexactly60minutesafterwinnerMamoWoldehadgonethroughthegates.Severalthousandmembersoftheaudiencehadperhapsheardthatsomethingspecialwasabouttohappen,andremainedinplace.“IwasobviouslyveryhappybecauseImanagedtofinishtherace,butalsoIexperiencedsomepaininmybodyduetothefall.Atthefinishline,ajournalistaskedwhyIdidnotgiveupwhenIknewIhadnochancetowin.Myanswerwas,‘MycountrydidnotsendmetoMexicoCitytostarttherace;theysentme5,000milestofinishtherace.’”4.Whatmadethe1968marathonahardrace?A.Thetwisty-turnyroute. B.Thepunishingweather.C.Thestrongcompetitors. D.Thehigh-altitudehostcity.5.WhydidalargeaudiencestaytowatchAkhwarifinish?A.Theywantedtoseethewinner. B.Theydoubtedtherace’soutcome.C.Theywantedtoshowtheiradmiration. D.Theyexpectedsomespecialperformances.6.WhatisexpressedinAkhwari’sstatementinthelastparagraph?A.Hisdevotiontonationalduty. B.Hisdesireforpersonalimprovement.C.Hiscompetitivenessagainstopponents. D.Hisconfidenceinhiscountry’swinning.7.WhatisthemainmessageofAkhwari’sstory?A.Winningrequiressupport. B.Challengesleadtogrowth.C.Perseverancedefinessuccess. D.Honourprioritisespersonalhealth.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述1968年墨西哥城奥运会马拉松选手阿克瓦里，在受伤情况下坚持完赛，诠释坚持精神的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Itwasahardrace.Thecity’spunishingaltitude(海拔)madeabigcontribution.(这是一场艰难的比赛。这座城市严酷的海拔高度是主要原因)”可知，墨西哥城高海拔是导致马拉松比赛艰难的关键因素。故选D项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段中的“ThoseonthestreetsoftheMexicancapitalsoonrealizedwhattheywereseeing.“Thecrowdwasclappingandcheering;theyencouragedmealottofinishtherace,”saidthemanwhowalkedintotheOlympicStadium(体育场)almostexactly60minutesafterwinnerMamoWoldehadgonethroughthegates.Severalthousandmembersoftheaudiencehadperhapsheardthatsomethingspecialwasabouttohappen,andremainedinplace.(墨西哥首都街头的人们很快就明白自己看到的是什么景象。“众人鼓掌欢呼，他们给了我很大鼓励，让我坚持跑完了比赛。”这位男子说道。他走进奥林匹克体育场时，距离冠军马莫・沃尔德冲过终点线刚好过去了近60分钟。数千名观众或许事先听说会有特别的事情发生，因此一直留在原地等候。)”以及前文阿克瓦里受伤后仍坚持参赛的情况可知，观众留下是想见证他坚持完赛这一特别的时刻，以此表达敬佩之情。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“MycountrydidnotsendmetoMexicoCitytostarttherace;theysentme5,000milestofinishtherace.(我的国家派我去墨西哥城不是为了开始比赛，而是派我走5000英里去完成比赛)”可知，阿克瓦里的话体现了他对国家责任的坚守，认为完成比赛是自己的使命。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。文章讲述了Akhwari在比赛中摔倒受伤，在面临身体受伤的巨大痛苦时没有放弃，坚持到终点，最终完成了比赛的故事。他的故事体现了坚持不懈的精神，这种精神让他在艰难的情况下完成了比赛，并获得了观众的认可，完美体现了奥林匹克精神，取得了另一种成功。故事主要传达“坚持铸就成功”的道理。故选C项。CPublishedinthejournalSleepbyMaryCarskadonatBrownUniversity,RhodeIslandandhercolleagues,anewpapersetouttoansweranage-oldriddle:whydoteenagersstayupsolate,andwhyisitsohardtogetthemoutofbedinthemorning?Existingtheoriesheldthatteens’preferenceforwakingupandstayinguplaterwasdrivenupbysocialforces—thepressuresofschoolandthepleasuresofpartying.Carskadon,however,suspectedthatbiological(生物的)factorsmightberesponsible.Totestthatguess,shesurveyed2,000schoolchildrenacrosstheUSontheirpreferredandactualbedtimesandwaketimes,thetimesofdaywhentheyfeltmostorleastenergetic,andtheirphysicaldevelopment.Theresultspointedtobiology.Sixth-graders(aged11or12)scoredhigheron“eveningness”andloweron“morningness”thanyoungerchildren,eventhoughtheywereinthesamesocialenvironment.Therefore,Carskadonandherteamconcluded,thepracticeofringingthemorningbellearlieratmiddleschools(for11-to13-year-olds)andhighschools(forages14to18)thanatelementaryschools“mayruncountertochildren’sbiologicalneeds”.Inresponse,agrowingnumberofUScitiesbeganpushingbackstarttimesinmiddleandhighschools.In2019,CaliforniabecamethefirstUSstatetopasslawsbasedonthoseguidelines.ThisMay,Floridabecamethesecond.Meanwhile,schooldistrictsfromAustraliatoSouthKoreahavestartedsimilarreforms.Thisiscertainlyasignificantsteptowardsimprovingteens’mentalandphysicalhealth.Yetlaterschoolstarttimesalonemaynotbesufficienttostopteenagersfromsleepinglate.Ifteensarestayinguptilldawnontheirphones,orsocioeconomicfactorsmakeitdifficulttoaccessacomfortablebedinaquiet,darkroom,evena10amstartcandolittlegood.Thatiswhysomepeoplearguethatcoursesteachingevidence-basedpracticesthatpromoteandenhancesleepshouldbeaddedtoschoolcurriculums(课程).Insmallstudies,researchersattheUniversityofOxfordhavefoundthatsuchcoursescansignificantlyimprovesleepquality,evenforchildrenfromlow-incomehouseholdswhoinitiallyreportedpoorsleep.8.WhatdidCarskadonandhercolleaguestrytoconfirm?A.Thetruecausesofteens’latesleep. B.Theproblemswithexistingtheories.C.Theeffectivewaystowakeupteens. D.Theimpactoflatesleeponteens’learning.9.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedpart“runcounterto”inparagraph3?A.goagainst B.agreewith C.accountfor D.focuson10.WhatistheattitudeoftheauthoritiestowardsCarskadon’sconclusion?A.Disapproving. B.Doubtful. C.Favorable. D.Unconcerned.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Evidence-basedsleepeducationcounts.B.Sleepeducationfailstoworkasexpected.C.Sleepcoursesdolittlegoodtopoorchildren.D.Sleepeducationinschoolsiseasytopromote.【答案】8.A9.A10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了卡斯卡顿和同事通过研究证实生物因素是青少年晚睡的原因，一些地方据此改革，还有人建议开设睡眠课程。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“PublishedinthejournalSleepbyMaryCarskadonatBrownUniversity,RhodeIslandandhercolleagues,anewpapersetouttoansweranage-oldriddle:whydoteenagersstayupsolate,andwhyisitsohardtogetthemoutofbedinthemorning?(罗得岛州布朗大学的玛丽·卡斯卡顿和她的同事在《睡眠》杂志上发表了一篇新论文，旨在回答一个古老的谜题：为什么青少年熬夜这么晚，为什么早上很难把他们从床上叫起来？)”以及第二段中“Carskadon,however,suspectedthatbiological(生物的)factorsmightberesponsible.(然而，卡斯卡顿怀疑生物因素可能是原因)”可知，卡斯卡顿和她的同事试图确认青少年晚睡的真正原因。故选A。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Theresultspointedtobiology.Sixth-graders(aged11or12)scoredhigheron“eveningness”andloweron“morningness”thanyoungerchildren,eventhoughtheywereinthesamesocialenvironment.Therefore,Carskadonandherteamconcluded,thepracticeofringingthemorningbellearlieratmiddleschools(for11-to13-year-olds)andhighschools(forages14to18)thanatelementaryschools“mayruncountertochildren’sbiologicalneeds”.(结果指向生物学。六年级学生（11或12岁）在“晚间表现”上的得分高于低年级孩子，而在“晨间表现”上的得分则低于低年级孩子，即使他们处于相同的社会环境中。因此，卡斯卡顿和她的团队得出结论，中学（11至13岁）和高中（14至18岁）比小学更早敲响晨钟的做法“可能runcounterto儿童的生物需求”)”可知，这种做法违背了儿童的生物需求，runcounterto意思是“违背”，与A选项“goagainst(违背)”意思一致。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Inresponse,agrowingnumberofUScitiesbeganpushingbackstarttimesinmiddleandhighschools.In2019,CaliforniabecamethefirstUSstatetopasslawsbasedonthoseguidelines.ThisMay,Floridabecamethesecond.(作为回应，越来越多的美国城市开始推迟中学和高中的上课时间。2019年，加州成为第一个根据这些指导方针通过法律的美国州。今年5月，佛罗里达州成为第二个)”可知，当局对卡斯卡顿的结论持支持态度。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thatiswhysomepeoplearguethatcoursesteachingevidence-basedpracticesthatpromoteandenhancesleepshouldbeaddedtoschoolcurriculums(课程).Insmallstudies,researchersattheUniversityofOxfordhavefoundthatsuchcoursescansignificantlyimprovesleepquality,evenforchildrenfromlow-incomehouseholdswhoinitiallyreportedpoorsleep.(这就是为什么有些人认为，应该在学校课程中增加教授基于证据的促进和改善睡眠的课程。在小规模研究中，牛津大学的研究人员发现，这样的课程可以显著改善睡眠质量，即使是那些最初报告睡眠不佳的低收入家庭的孩子)”可知，基于证据的睡眠教育很重要。故选A。DIt’sapleasantsummermorning.Alineofpoplartrees(白杨树)standsinthegentlewind.Insectsbuzzandflyamongthebranches.Everythingseemscalmandpeaceful.Butdon’tbefooled.Thesetreesareactuallyunderattackashungryinsectschew(咀嚼)ontheirleaves.Thetreescan’thide,andtheycan’trunaway.Buttheyaren’thelpless—Thetreescanquicklymessagetheirneighbors:“We’reunderattack!Getreadytoprotectyourself!”Allofthishappensinwayswedon’tsee.Butscientistsarelearningthatplantscandomanythingswelinkwiththinking.Theycanevenformmemories.OnefamousstudyusedaplantcalledMimosapudica.Knownforbeing“sensitive,”itcurlsitsleaveswhenit’stouched.Theresearcherspottedupdozensoftheseplants.ThentheydroppedeachMimosa60timesinarow.Theplantsweren’tharmedbythedrop.Itwasshort,withasoftlanding.Andtheycurledtheirleaves—butonlythefirstfewtimes.Prettyquickly,theystoppedreacting.Justtobesuretheplantsweren’ttootiredtofoldtheirleaves,theresearchersshooktheplants.Nowtheycurledtheirleavesrightaway.Butwhendroppedagain,theydidn’tcurlthem.Amonthlater,theytriedtheexperimentagain.Theplantsstilldidn’tcurltheirleavesafterbeingdropped.Theyhadformedlong-lastingmemories.Doesthismeanthatplantsareintelligent?Somescientiststhinkso.Othersarenotsosure.Theproblemmaycomefromhowweexplainwordslike“thinking”and“intelligence”.Still,thisisnowabigdebateamongplantexperts.Takealookatatreeinyourgarden.Itwon’teverbeabletopassyourmathexam.Evenifyoutalktoiteveryday,itwon’tlearnyourname.Butwhenitcomestodoingthethingsthatmattertoitasaplant,it’sremarkable.Anditdoesallthatwithoutanervoussystem.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthepoplartreesinthefirstparagraph?A.Theyarewarninghumans. B.Theyarebeingeatenbyinsects.C.Theyareadjustingtotheweather. D.Theyareenjoyingtheenvironment.13.WhydidtheresearcherschooseMimosapudicafortheexperiment?A.Itgrowsmuchfasterthanotherplants. B.Itcancommunicatewithnearbyplants.C.Itnaturallyrememberspastexperiences. D.Itshowsclearresponsestowhathappenstoit.14.WhydidtheresearchersshaketheMimosaplants?A.Totesttheirhealth. B.Tocheckfortiredness.C.Toobservetheirflowers. D.Toexaminepossibleharm.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Todiscussplants’intelligence. B.Tostudyplantsurvivalstrategies.C.Toexplaininsects’attacksontrees. D.Tocomparedifferentplantspecies.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家通过研究发现植物具有类似思考的能力，能形成记忆，并引发了关于植物是否具有智能的讨论。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Alineofpoplartrees(白杨树)standsinthegentlewind.Insectsbuzzandflyamongthebranches.Everythingseemscalmandpeaceful.Butdon’tbefooled.Thesetreesareactuallyunderattackashungryinsectschew(咀嚼)ontheirleaves.(一排白杨树在微风中矗立着。昆虫在枝叶间嗡嗡作响、飞来飞去。一切看起来都宁静祥和。但别被表象欺骗了。这些树实际上正遭受攻击，饥饿的昆虫在啃食它们的叶子。)”可知，树正在被昆虫啃食。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“OnefamousstudyusedaplantcalledMimosapudica.Knownforbeing“sensitive,”itcurlsitsleaveswhenit’stouched.(一项著名的研究使用了一种名为含羞草的植物。它以“敏感”著称，一被触碰就会卷起叶子。)”可知，含羞草对发生在它身上的事情有明显的反应，所以研究人员选择它进行实验。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Justtobesuretheplantsweren’ttootiredtofoldtheirleaves,theresearchersshooktheplants.(为了确定这些植物不是因为太累而无法卷起叶子，研究人员摇晃了这些植物。)”可知，研究人员摇晃含羞草是为了检查它们是否疲劳。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据倒数第二段中“Doesthismeanthatplantsareintelligent?Somescientiststhinkso.Othersarenotsosure.Theproblemmaycomefromhowweexplainwordslike“thinking”and“intelligence”.Still,thisisnowabigdebateamongplantexperts.(这是否意味着植物是智能的？一些科学家这样认为。其他人则不太确定。问题可能在于我们如何解释“思考”和“智力”这样的词。尽管如此，这现在是植物专家之间的一场大辩论。)”可知，文章主要是为了讨论植物的智能问题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Preventingyourmindfromaginghasmanyadvantages.Withayouthfulmind,youcandealwithdifferenttasksthatrequireyoutouseyourbrainwithouthelp.Besides,itcanhelpyoureducestress.Asyougrowolder,youhavetolookforwaystopreventyourbrainfromgrowingold.___16___Thenyoushouldensurethattheneighborhoodyouchoosehasthefollowing:___17___Theneighborhoodyouchooseshouldhaveapublicspacewithbenches(长椅)andgatheringspace.Thatwillenableyoutorelaxandmeetdifferentpeopleatdifferenttimesoftheday.Urbandensity(密度).___18___Yourchoiceofthewalkableneighborhoodshouldalsohavetherighturbandensity.Ifyoudecidetowalkalone,eveninsecluded（僻静的）areas,thatwillhelpyoutofeelsafe.Focusedstreetnetworks.Afocusedstreetnetworkisasignofawalkableneighborhood.Withthenetworkofstreetsintersecting(相交)eachother,youwillbeabletomoveacrossdifferentstreetseasily.___19___Anassembly(集会)center.Awalkableneighborhoodshouldalsohaveanassemblycenterwhereyoucanaccessalltheessentialservices.___20___Withanearbyassemblycenterofferingalltheservicesyourequire,youwilldevelopanemotionalconnectionwiththeneighborhood.A.Publicspace.B.Thebestwayismovingtoawalkableneighborhood.C.Therefore,youdon’thavetotravelforhourstofindthem.D.Havingpeoplearoundalwaysgivesyouasenseofsecurity.E.Then,youwillgetachancetosocializewithpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.F.Besides,youwillfeelsaferwalkinginopenstreetsthanwalkingbehindbuildings.G.Whenyouarevisitingareasyouarenotfamiliarwith,someoneshouldaccompanyyou.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.F20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了预防大脑老化的有效方式——搬到适合步行的社区，并详细列出了这类社区应具备的核心条件，帮助人们通过选择合适的居住环境维持大脑活力。【16题详析】根据上文“Asyougrowolder,youhavetolookforwaystopreventyourbrainfromgrowingold.(随着年龄增长，你必须寻找防止大脑老化的方法)”以及下文“Thenyoushouldensurethattheneighborhoodyouchoosehasthefollowing:(那么你应该确保你选择的社区具备以下条件：)”可知，此空需衔接“寻找防脑衰老方法”与“选择特定社区”，提出具体可行的方法。B选项“Thebestwayismovingtoawalkableneighborhood.(最好的方法是搬到一个适合步行的社区)”直接给出核心解决方案，“walkableneighborhood”与下文“neighborhoodyouchoose”形成呼应，自然引出下文社区条件的介绍，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详析】根据下文“Theneighborhoodyouchooseshouldhaveapublicspacewithbenches(长椅)andgatheringspace.(你选择的社区应该有一个带长椅和聚集空间的公共区域)”可知，此空需作为段落小标题，概括下文核心内容。A选项“Publicspace.(公共空间)”简洁明确，直接对应下文对公共区域的具体描述，符合小标题统领段落内容的要求，符合语境。故选A项。【18题详析】根据本段小标题“Urbandensity(密度)”以及下文“Ifyoudecidetowalkalone,eveninsecluded(僻静的)areas,thatwillhelpyoutofeelsafe.(如果你决定独自散步，即使在僻静的地方，也会让你感到安全)”可知，此空需说明城市密度与安全感之间的关联。D选项“Havingpeoplearoundalwaysgivesyouasenseofsecurity.(身边有人总会给你安全感)”体现了人口密度（周围有人）带来的安全保障，与下文“感到安全”的内容形成呼应，契合“城市密度”的主题，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详析】根据上文“Withthenetworkofstreetsintersecting(相交)eachother,youwillbeabletomoveacrossdifferentstreetseasily.(街道网络相互交织，你可以轻松穿梭于不同街道)”可知，此空需补充街道网络带来的额外优势，且需呼应前文“安全”相关的话题。F选项“Besides,youwillfeelsaferwalkinginopenstreetsthanwalkingbehindbuildings.(此外，在开阔的街道上行走比在建筑物后面更安全)”中“Besides”体现递进关系，“feelsafer”承接上文安全话题，“openstreets”对应“街道相互交织”的开阔环境，进一步说明聚焦式街道网络的优势，符合语境。故选F项。【20题详析】根据上文“Awalkableneighborhoodshouldalsohaveanassemblycenterwhereyoucanaccessalltheessentialservices.(适合步行的社区还应该有一个集会中心，在那里你可以获得所有必要的服务)”可知，此空需说明集会中心提供便捷服务带来的直接好处。C选项“Therefore,youdon’thavetotravelforhourstofindthem.(因此，你不必花几个小时去寻找这些服务)”中“therefore”体现因果关系，“them”指代上文“essentialservices”，承接“集会中心提供所有必要服务”的内容，突出其便捷性，符合语境。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Iusedtoworkinavitamin(维生素)store.Thiswasapretty___21___storeforkids;theynevercameinwithouttheirparents.Kids___22___amallonlyreallygotofunstoresatthatage,right?Buttwogirlscameintoourvitaminstore,no___23___withthem.Theywereattheagewhenkidsarejustoldenoughtowalkaroundamallwithouttheirparents—maybeelevenortwelve.Onegirlaskedwherethechewable(可咀嚼的)vitaminswereandabouttheusualbrand.Iwas___24___sheknewthename.My___25___handedherthebottle,andthegirlssaidthankyou.Thefirstgirlshowedthevitaminstoherfriend.They___26___thebottletous,saidthankyouagainandleftempty-handed.They___27___probablyfifteenminuteslaterwiththeirmoms,wentrighttothe___28___,andshowedittooneofthemoms.Theythen___29___thesamebrandbottlebutforolderpeople.Then,Isawthattheyhadcomeinwithanolderladywhowaswalkingvery____30____,probablyagrandmaorevenagreat-grandma.Thegirlshadrunaheadto____31____thetimeittookforherto____32____orwalkaroundthestorelookingforvitamins.Itoldtheothermomthegirlswerethe____33____kidswehadevermet,andshelookedpleasedandsaidthankyou.Themomboughtthevitamins.Thegirlssaidthankyoutousandthatwasit.It’sa____34____andnotacrazystory,butwhenyouworkinretail(零售),having____35____sowell-behavedisactuallykindofmoving.21.A.odd B.charming C.boring D.interesting22.A.leaving B.designing C.running D.wandering23.A.friend B.adult C.teacher D.doctor24.A.satisfied B.surprised C.embarrassed D.disappointed25.A.child B.husband C.parent D.colleague26.A.returned B.showed C.introduced D.raised27.A.passedby B.walkedaway C.cameback D.turnedaround28.A.office B.counter C.stage D.spot29.A.pickedout B.gaveout C.filledup D.openedup30.A.slowly B.aimlessly C.confidently D.leisurely31.A.compare B.consider C.reduce D.measure32.A.lie B.stand C.contact D.reflect33.A.hardest B.poorest C.luckiest D.politest34.A.simple B.funny C.strange D.sorry35.A.supporters B.customers C.coworkers D.employers【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.A30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在维生素商店工作时，遇到两位十一二岁的女孩独自进店挑选维生素，随后带家人返回购买的经历，展现了女孩们的礼貌与体贴，让作者感受到平凡小事中的温暖。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这家店对孩子们来说相当无聊，他们从来不会没跟父母就进来。A.odd奇怪的；B.charming迷人的；C.boring无聊的；D.interesting有趣的。根据后文“theynevercameinwithouttheirparents”可知，维生素商店对孩子缺乏吸引力，即“无聊的”。故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个年纪的孩子在商场闲逛，通常只会去有趣的商店，对吧？A.leaving离开；B.designing设计；C.running奔跑；D.wandering闲逛。结合后文“walkaroundamall”，孩子在商场的行为是“闲逛”，“wandering”符合场景。故选D项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有两个女孩走进了我们的维生素商店，身边没有成年人。A.friend朋友；B.adult成年人；C.teacher老师；D.doctor医生。根据前文“theynevercameinwithouttheirparents.”可知，提到孩子通常和父母同来，此处“no...withthem”与前文对比，指没有“成年人”陪同。故选B项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶她知道这个牌子。A.satisfied满意的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.disappointed失望的。根据后文“sheknewthename.”可知，十一二岁的孩子能准确说出维生素品牌，超出作者预期，因此感到“惊讶”。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的同事递给她一瓶，女孩们说了谢谢。A.child孩子；B.husband丈夫；C.parent父母；D.colleague同事。根据后文“handedherthebottle”可知，作者在商店工作，递商品的应是“同事”，符合工作场景。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们把瓶子还给我们，再次道谢，空手离开了。A.returned归还；B.showed展示；C.introduced介绍；D.raised举起。根据后文“leftempty-handed”可知，女孩们未购买，故将瓶子“归还”给店员。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：大约15分钟后，她们和妈妈们一起回来了，径直走到那个位置，把它指给其中一位妈妈看。A.passedby路过；B.walkedaway走开；C.cameback回来；D.turnedaround转身。根据后文“withtheirmoms”和“showedittooneofthemoms.”可知，女孩们之前离开后又“回来”了。故选C项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约15分钟后，她们和妈妈们一起回来了，径直走到那个位置，把它指给其中一位妈妈看。A.office办公室；B.counter柜台；C.stage舞台；D.spot位置。根据前文“Thefirstgirlshowedthevitaminstoherfriend.”可知，此处指女孩们之前挑选维生素的具体“位置”，符合返回原处的逻辑。故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后她们挑了同款但适合年长者的维生素瓶。A.pickedout挑选；B.gaveout分发；C.filledup装满；D.openedup打开。根据后文“butforolderpeople.”可知，女孩们帮长辈“挑选”合适的维生素，“pickedout”符合动作逻辑。故选A项。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这时我看到她们和一位走路很慢的老太太一起来的，可能是奶奶，甚至曾祖母。A.slowly缓慢地；B.aimlessly漫无目的地；C.confidently自信地；D.leisurely悠闲地。根据“olderlady”和常识可知，老年人走路通常“缓慢地”。故选A项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩们提前跑过来，为的是减少她站立或在商店里四处寻找维生素所花费的时间。A.compare对比；B.consider考虑；C.reduce减少；D.measure测量。根据前文“Thegirlshadrunahead”可知，女孩们先进店确认商品位置，是为了让老人少费力，“reducethetime”体现其体贴。故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩们提前跑过来，为的是减少她站立或在商店里四处寻找维生素所花费的时间。A.lie躺；B.stand站立；C.contact联系；D.reflect反思。结合老人走路慢的特点，“stand”（站立）是她可能感到吃力的动作，与“walkaround”并列，符合语境。故选B项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉另一位妈妈，这是我们见过最有礼貌的孩子，她看起来很开心，说了声谢谢。A.hardest最辛苦的；B.poorest最穷的；C.luckiest最幸运的；D.politest最有礼貌的。根据前文“saidthankyouagain”可知，女孩们两次道谢、体贴长辈，体现出“有礼貌”的品质。故选D项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个简单的故事，不算离奇，但在零售业工作，遇到这么有礼貌的顾客，其实还挺令人感动的。A.simple简单的；B.funny有趣的；C.strange奇怪的；D.sorry遗憾的。根据后文“notacrazystory”可知，故事围绕女孩们买维生素展开，情节不复杂，“simple”符合其平凡的特点。故选A项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个简单的故事，不算离奇，但在零售业工作，遇到这么有礼貌的顾客，其实还挺令人感动的。A.supporters支持者；B.customers顾客；C.coworkers同事；D.employers雇主。根据前文“Iusedtoworkinavitamin（维生素）store.”可知，女孩们和家人是商店的“顾客”，符合零售行业的语境。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Bornin1957inFujianProvince,XuHaifengisaformerChineseshooter.OnJuly29,1984,Xu___36___(take)thegoldmedalinindividualfreepistol(手枪)shootingatthe23rdOlympicGames,___37___wereheldinLosAngeles.Xu’swinwasChina’sfirstOlympicgoldmedal,___38___(break)China’s“zerorecord”inOlympicgoldmedals.Fromshootingbirdswithasling(弹弓)whenhewaslittle___39___winningtheOlympicgold,XuHaifengwasanambitioussharpshooter.Throughyearsofstrict,self-disciplinedpractice,thedeterminedmantrained___40___(he)tobecomeanoutstandingshooterdespitethelackofprofessionalregulartraining.In1982,Xu’sambition___41___(enter)theAnhuiprovincialshootingteamwasachieved,andtwoyearslaterin1984,themarksmanstartedhissportscareeronthe___42___(nation)team.Aself-trainedworldchampion,___43___firstgoldwinnerforChinaatthe23rdOlympicGames,China’sfirstOlympicgoldmedalwinner,acoachoftwoOlympicgoldmedalwinners,andthe___44___(create)ofthehistoryofOlympicgoldsinourcountry—Xuwill____45____(remember)asasportshero.Truetohisnicknamesof“GoldAthlete”and“GoldCoach”,heisalegendwhowillneverfade.【答案】36.took37.which38.breaking39.to40.himself41.toenter42.national43.the44.creator45.beremembered【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国前射击运动员许海峰。【36题详析】考查动词时态。句意：1984年7月29日，许海峰在第23