湖南省长沙市部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期11月期中考试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省长沙市部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourhighlyrecommendedthemeparksinCaliforniaofferuniqueexperiences,makingCaliforniaatopdestinationfortouristsseekingfunandexcitement.DisneyCaliforniaAdventureParkDifferentfromDisneyland,itaimstoshowthecharacteristicsandcultureofCalifornia.Ithasfourthemeareas,includingParadisePier,GoldenState,Hollywoodmovieback-lots,andBug’sLand.The“‘Soarin’OverCalifornia”projectthatcombinesIMAXandrollercoastersallowstouriststooverlookthebeautifulsceneryofCaliforniaintheair.Opentime:7:00a.m.–10:00p.m.UniversalStudiosHollywoodBuiltnexttoafilmstudio,touristscanvisitthestudiowheretheshootingscenesofmanyfamousmoviescanbeseensuchas“WaroftheWorlds”and“KingKong”.Manyexcitingamusementprojectsarehere,suchas“TheSimpsonsRide”,“JurassicPark—TheRide”,and“RevengeoftheMummy”,makingtouristsfeelasiftheyareinamoviescene.Opentime:9:00a.m.–6:00p.m.DisneylandParkThisistheworld’sfirstDisneylandthemeparkfilledwithadreamyandfairytaleatmosphere.TouristscaninteractwithDisneycartooncharacters,andwatchwonderfulprocessionshows.Theamusementfacilitiesarerichanddiverse,suitableforthewholefamily.Opentime:8:00a.m.–11:00p.m.LegolandCaliforniaItisbuiltwith60millionLegobricksandsuitableforthewholefamily.Thereis“LegolandMinilandUSA”,whereyoucanseeminiatureversionsoffamousbuildingsfromvariouscountries.TherearealsomultiplethemeareassuchasDinoIsland,PirateShores,andImaginationZone,fulloffunandcreativity.Opentime:10:00a.m.–5:00p.m.1.Whichparkopensearliest?A.DisneylandPark. B.LegolandCalifornia.C.UniversalStudiosHollywood. D.DisneyCaliforniaAdventurePark.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinUniversalStudiosHollywood?A.Theycanmakefilms. B.Theycanvisitthestudio.C.Theycanwatchdemonstrationshows. D.TheycanoverlookCaliforniaintheair.3.WhatdoDisneylandParkandLegolandCaliforniahaveincommon?A.Theyopenatnight. B.Theyhaveamazingrides.C.Theyarefamily-friendly. D.TheyshowCaliforniaculture.BJordanknewhewantedtodosomethinguniquewithhisfarmland.Hewantedtowinthelocalgardenclub’s“YardoftheMonth”award.Buthedidn’thavethemoneytobuynewtrees,sohebeganbyusingbushesandshrubs(矮树苗)thatalocalnurseryhadthrownaway—thatlookeddeadtomostpeople.Becauseheworkeddaysatacanfactory,Jordanoftentendedhisgardenatnight.NeighborsgotusedtoseeingonelittleheadlightasJordanstoodonaladder,cuttingandshapinghissteadilygrowingbushes.Gradually,theshrubstookondifferentshapes.Jordanthenbeganplantingtreesandusingzipties,coathangers,PVCpipe,andevenhiswife’soldstockingstoachievetheformshewanted.“Hehasawayofmanipulatingplantstodothingshewantsthemtodobytraining,bending,wiring,andclipping,”saysaneighbor.“Andtheplantsseemtobendtohiswill.”ManyprofessionalgardenersareamazedbywhatJordanhasbeenabletoachieve.“Thegardenitselfwascreatedfromlackofknowledge,”saysJordaninhisboomingbassvoice,“becauseIdidn’tknowyouweren’tsupposedtodothiswithplants.Foronetimeinmylife,ignorancepaidoff.”Jordan’sattentiontodetailandhiswillingnesstoworkhardhavemadehimalocalhero.HewasthefirstAfricanAmericantowin“YardoftheMonth”honorfromthelocalgardenclub.Andmorerecognitionfollowed:articlesinmajornewspapersandappearancesonwell-knownTVshows.Jordan’sgardennowincludesabout400speciesofplantsand150shrubsindifferentshapes.Onhisfrontyard,four-foot-talllettersfilledwithbrightredbegonias(秋海棠)spellLove,Peace,andGoodwill.ThesearethevaluesJordanlivesby.Jordanopenshisprivategardentoeveryone,includingthosegoingthroughatoughtimefinancially.Aboxfordonationscanbefoundinhisgarden,butgivingisoptional.Jordanwelcomespeoplewhocan’taffordtopay.Heunderstands;he’sbeenthere.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“manipulating”inparagraph2mean?A.Controlling. B.Expecting. C.Planting. D.Using.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeJordan?A.Hard-workingandshy. B.Creativeandgenerous.C.Helpfulandknowledgeable. D.Positiveandhumorous.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Ticketsareexpensiveforvisitors.B.Jordanusedtobepoor.C.Thegardenisonlyopentoplantlovers.D.Jordanlivesondonationfromothers.7.WhatdoesJordan’sexperienceofbuildingthegardenmainlytellus?A.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D.Hopeforthebest,butpreparefortheworst.CDoyouoftenusethewords“tapestry”,“delve”or“testament”inEnglish?Manyofuswouldsayno.Thesewordsaren’tamongthe“Top500spokenwords”—alistofthemostcommonEnglishwords.However,thesewordsarebecomingmorecommoninsomewrittencontent,asastudyin2024foundthatfivepercentofallarticlespublishedonaresearchsiteusedtheword“delve”.In2022,itwaslessthanonepercent.SinceChatGPTwasreleasedtothepublicinNovember2022,we’veseenthatAIfavorscertainwords.WhydoesChatGPTpreferthesewords?Theanswerisactuallyveryhuman.WhileChatGPTseemstothinkforitself,whatitreallydoesisanalyzeaverylargeamountofhuman-generated(人工生成的)information,andusethedatatospitoutanswerstoourquestions.Itdoesn’tactuallyunderstandwhatit’stellingus.TheprocessofratingAIresponses,aspartoftrainingthesoftware,iscalled“reinforcement(强化)learningfromhumanfeedback,”andthisprovidesthefirstclueaboutwhyChatGPTfavorscertainwords.Theanswerliesinthebackgroundofthehumantrainersthemselves.It’snotcheaptoemployalotoftesterstoratethousandsofresponsesfromAI.So,bigcompanieshirelower-incomecountriestodothesejobs,oftenplaceswhereEnglishisnotthefirstlanguage.OnesuchcountrythatofferscheaplaborisNigeria,andinNigerianEnglish,“delve”isacommonwordinprofessionalsettings.So,whenNigeriantesterstellAIwhichresponsessoundnatural,theirownlanguagepreferencescomethrough.AsAI-generatedinformationbecomesmorecommon,willitalsoaffectthewaywespeaktoeachother?Insomeways,AIhasalreadyleftitsmark.Ofcourse,languageisalivingthingthatalwaysupdatesitself,shapedbycurrentevents,technology,andthemediaweuse.AsAI-generatedmediaspreads,itispossible,evenlikelythatAIwillaffectthedevelopmentofourownvocabulary.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A.AI’sanswersaredirectlywrittenbyhumans.B.AIisspeciallydesignedtothinklikehumans.C.AIdependsonhumanstodevelopitslanguage.D.AIunderstandshumanlanguageindependently.9.WhydoesAIfavorcertainuncommonwords?A.SpokenEnglishhasbeenusedtotrainAI.B.AItriestohaveimpactonhumanlanguage.C.Companiesdevelopstrangelanguagemodels.D.Non-nativeEnglishspeakersworkasAItrainers.10.Whichstatementdoesthelastparagraphsupport?A.AIplaysanimportantroleinlanguagedevelopment.B.NewtechnologyreducesthenumberofEnglishwords.C.LanguagepushesthedevelopmentofAI-generatedmedia.D.Theuseofuncommonwordsmakescommunicationharder.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WillChatGPTTargetaNewMarket?B.WillAIChangetheWayWeSpeak?C.ReinforcementLearning:KeytoAI’sPowerD.UncommonEnglishWords:UsageinDailyLifeDEvolution(进化)canperformamazingchanges;today’sflyingsongbirdsevolvedfromthewingless,earthbounddinosaursthatwanderedmillionsofyearsago.Butsomeorganismsseemtobeunchanged—inotherwords,escapenaturalselection.Thecoelacanth,amodern-dayfish,isnearlythesameasits410-million-year-oldfossils(化石).Scientistshavelongwonderedhowthesespecies(物种)doso.Ithasbeenarguedthatnaturalselectionkeepssomespeciesunchangedbyselectingformoderate(中等)qualities(stabilizingselection)ratherthanselectingformoreextremequalitiesthatwouldcauseaspeciestochange(directionalselection).ButastudypublishedintheNationalAcademyofSciencesUSAgoesagainstthisidea,showingthatevolutionconstantlyfavorsdifferentqualitiesinseeminglyunchanginganimalstoimproveshort-termsurvival.Inthelongterm,though,“allthatevolutioncancelsoutandleadstonochange”,saysJamesStroud,thestudy’sleadwriter.Stroudandhisteammatesstudiedfourtypesoflizard(蜥蜴),allrelativelyunchangedfor20millionyears.Theresearcherscaughtmembersofthesepopulationsinthewildeverysixmonthsforthreeyears.Theymeasuredeachlizard’sheadsize,leglength,weightandheight,aswellasthesizeofitsstickytoes,notingwhichindividualssurvived.Stroudexpectedtoobservestabilizingselectionatworkprotectingmoderatequalities.Insteadhesawclearerevidenceofdirectionalselection;somelizardswithuniquecharacteristics,suchasstickiertoes,survivedbetter.Thestudyoffers“agoodexplanationforwhyweseewhatwethinkisstabilizingselection”,saysTadashiFukami,ascientiststudyingevolutionatStanfordUniversity.Manynewqualitiesareevolvingintheshortterm,buttheydon’tprovideanimportantadvantageoverthelongterm.Inotherwords,speciesstayingunchangedmaysimplyhavefoundthebestpossiblesetofqualitiesforlastingsuccessintheirenvironment.Sowhathappenswhenthelizards’environmentchangesgreatly?Tohelpanswerthisbiggerquestion,Stroudisstillmakingtripstovisitthelizards.12.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“coelacanth”inparagraph1?A.Toshowitslonghistoryofchanges.B.Toaddevidencetonaturalselection.C.Toprovethegreatchangesinspecies.D.Togiveanexampleofunchangedspecies.13.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Scientists’confusionaboutspeciesevolution.B.Thedifferencebetweentwotypesofselection.C.Theprocessofstabilizingselectioninevolution.D.Abeliefabouthowsomespeciesremainunchanged.14.HowdidStroudcarryouthisresearch?A.Bydoinglabtests.B.Bytrackingresearchobjects.C.Bystudyinglizardfossils.D.Bycomparingcolorchangesinlizards.15.WhatwillStroudprobablydointhefuture?A.Maketripstovisitlizardprofessionals.B.Summarizeaveragefeaturesoflizards.C.Examinelizardsunderextremeconditions.D.Recordthebestsetsofqualities.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thinkbacktothelasttimeyoushoppedforfruitsandvegetables.Youmayhavenoticedsomeitemslabelledwiththeword“organic”.___16___“Organic”referstothewayfoodisgrown.Tobelabelledasorganic,foodproductionmustmeetstrictguidelines.Thesecanbedifferentdependingonwhereyoulive.IntheUnitedStates,organicfoodsmustbegrownorraisedwithoutusingpesticidesorchemicalfertilizers.___17___ThatchangedaftertheIndustrialRevolution.Duringthe20thcentury,manyideasthatwereusedbyfactoriesandbigbusinesseswereputintoactiononfarms.Thishelpedsomefarmsgrowlargerandproducemore.Theorganicmovementwasstartedtogetbacktotheoldtraditionalwaysoffarming.Why?Manybelievethechemicalsandpesticidesusedinmodernfarmingcanbeharmfultoyourhealth.___18___Andthosewhosupporttheorganicmovementalsopointtoitsbenefitsfortheenvironment.Haveyouevercomparedorganicandnon-organicfoodsatthegrocerystore?Ifso,youknowthatorganicfoodtendstocostmore.Thishappensformanyreasons.Organicfarmingproducesfewercrops.___19___Additionally,organicfarmsspendmoremoneytakingcareoftheanimalstheyraise.Theseandotherfactorsdrivethecostoforganicfoodup.Isorganicfoodworththeextracost?Somepeoplebelieveitis.Theymaythinkittastesbetterorjustprefertoeatfoodthathasnotbeengrownusingchemicals.___20___Theyarestilltryingtofindamajordifferencebetweenorganicandnon-organicfoodintermsofsafety,nutrition,ortaste.Still,othersarguethattheenvironmentalbenefitsoforganicfoodmakeitworththeprice.A.Haveyoueverwonderedwhatthatmeans?B.Thecostofproductionisalsousuallyhigher.C.Formostofhistory,almostallfoodwasorganic.D.Manypeoplearewillingtopaymorefororganicfood.E.Somealsothinkorganicfoodsarenaturallymorenutritious.F.Areyouwonderingiforganicfoodisrightforyou?G.Scientistshavestudiedorganicandnon-organicfoodsformanyyearsnow.第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’mamotheroftwoboyswithspecialneeds.RecentlyItookmytwosonsfortheiryearlyphysicalexamination.Neitherofthem____21____suchvisitsastheyarealwaysafraidofneedles(针).____22____,thingswentwellthistime.Bothofthemhadlost____23____sincewecutbackonthejunkfoodinourdiets.____24____,Ifeltasenseofenvy(羡慕)whenIsawhowphysicallyhealthymyyoungersonwas.What____25____memostaboutthisvisit,though,wasseeingmyelderson’sperformance.Though____26____,hechattedshylywiththenurse.Andaftereverythingwasdone,he____27____herakeychainhehadmadeasareward.Justaswewereto____28____,hegaveherahug(拥抱)whichshe____29____withmixedfeelingsofsurpriseandjoy.Andonourwalkbackoutside,asudden____30____cameoverme.Asparents,weoften____31____whatourchildrencan’tdoordon’thave.Wecomparethemtoothersandfeelsad.Butwatchingmyeldersonthatday,Isawhowmuchhehasto____32____.Hissimplepresents—asmile,asmallgift,ahug—canreally____33____someone’sday.Myeldersonmaystrugglewithsomethings,butheteachesmesomethingimportant:Weallhavethingsthatwewishweredifferent,butrealhappinesscomesfromseeingthegoodwealreadyhave,and____34____sharingitwithothers.Remember,weshouldalwaysfeel____35____forwhatwedohavefromthebottomofourheart.21.A.refuses B.considers C.doubts D.enjoys22.A.Moreover B.However C.Therefore D.Then23.A.confidence B.balance C.weight D.interest24.A.Underpressure B.Onpurpose C.Byaccident D.Infact25.A.frightened B.calmed C.impressed D.troubled26.A.eager B.nervous C.ready D.proud27.A.gifted B.posted C.returned D.bought28.A.explain B.protest C.leave D.continue29.A.accepted B.checked C.avoided D.needed30.A.memory B.realization C.regret D.proposal31.A.worryabout B.dependon C.takein D.counton32.A.improve B.describe C.share D.design33.A.schedule B.make C.challenge D.prove34.A.equally B.humorously C.secretly D.generously35.A.thankful B.responsible C.prepared D.anxious第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mamianqun,also____36____(know)ashorse-faceskirt,isakindofancientChinesedress.Itshows____37____uniquestructuraldesignthatpairspracticalitywithelegance.Silkwasoftenselectedasthemostsuitablematerial____38____(make)thefancyskirt,particularlyfortheupperclassesofsociety.Thecolorsarevarious,anditspatternoftencarriesacultural____39____(respond)totheaestheticsofitstime,fromdeepredsymbolizingprosperitytoyellowrepresentingnobility.Eachskirttellsastoryoftheperson____40____wearsitortheeraitrepresents.Thehorse-faceskirt,withitsdeephistoricalroots,hasseamlesslychangedintomodernfashion,whereitserves____41____abridgebetweenthepastandpresent.Intoday’sfashion,designersfrequentlydrawinspirationfromthehorse-faceskirt,skillfullyweaving____42____(origin)elementswithamoderntwist.Thismodernformtypicallycomesinvaryinglengths____43____usesbothtime-honoredtextilesandnew-agematerials,thusbroadeningitsappealtomodernaudience.Knowledgeoftheskirtwasspreadbymanyhanfuloversattheverybeginning.Recently,theskirthasgotmoreattention.AndduringthepastSpringFestival,lotsofyoungpeople____44____(wear)theskirtwhentheywentontrips.Peopleinothercountrieslikethisskirttoo.Chineseclothingcompanieshavegotlotsofordersfromabroad,whichshows_____45_____populartheskirtisamongforeignusersofChineseshortvideoplatforms.第三节(共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下列句子，在每个句子空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。46.Manyteenagersfacegreat________(press)fromtheirstudiesandsociallife,whichoftenleadstoanxiety.(所给词的适当形式填空)47.NeitherhenorIamwell-educated,whichkeepsusfromfindinga________(desire)job.(所给词的适当形式填空)48.Itisimportantforteenstolearnhow________(deal)withconflictsproperlytomaintaingoodrelationshipswithothers.(所给词的适当形式填空)49.Thestorytellsusthathonestyandunderstandingarekeyto________(get)alongwellwithfriends.(所给词的适当形式填空)50.Notonly________(do)thegirlapologizetoherbestfriend,butshealsomadeasincerepromisetorespecteachother’sfeel