燕山大学英文试卷真题及答案

燕山大学英文试卷真题及答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________燕山大学英文试卷（中等级别）一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theterm"culturalrelativism"referstotheideathat:A)Allculturesareequallysuperior.B)Culturalnormsshouldbejudgedbytheirownstandards.C)Westerncultureisthebenchmarkforallsocieties.D)Culturaldiversityleadstoconflict.2.WhichofthefollowingisacharacteristicoftheEnglishmodalverb"must"?A)Itexpressespossibility.B)Itindicatespastobligation.C)Itisusedforfuturecertainty.D)Itisanintransitiveverb.3.Inabusinesscontext,"SWOTanalysis"involvesevaluating:A)Onlyinternalstrengths.B)Onlyexternalopportunities.C)Internalweaknessesandexternalthreats.D)Bothinternalandexternalfactors.4.ThePythagoreantheoremappliesto:A)Circles.B)Triangles.C)Quadrilaterals.D)Polygons.5.Whatistheprimarypurposeofa"controlgroup"inscientificexperiments?A)Tomeasuretheeffectoftheindependentvariable.B)Toensuretheexperimentisethical.C)Tocomparewiththeexperimentalgroup.D)Tomaximizesamplesize.6.Theterm"plagiarism"inacademicwritingmeans:A)Borrowingideaswithoutcitation.B)Self-plagiarism.C)Paraphrasingcorrectly.D)Usingtoomanyquotes.7.Inprojectmanagement,"Ganttcharts"areusedto:A)Trackprojectcosts.B)Visualizetasktimelines.C)Assignteamroles.D)Prioritizetasks.8.Thechemicalformulaforwateris:A)H₂O₂B)CO₂C)NaClD)CH₄9.The"sustainabledevelopmentgoals"aimtoachieve:A)Economicgrowthatanycost.B)Environmentalprotectionwithoutsocialprogress.C)Balancebetweeneconomic,social,andenvironmentalgoals.D)Immediatepovertyeradication.10.Inliterature,"metaphor"isafigureofspeechthat:A)Uses"like"or"as."B)Directlycomparestwounrelatedthings.C)Describesanobjectliterally.D)Isalwayshumorous.二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thestudyofhumanbehavioringroupsiscalled_________.2.Thepasttenseof"write"is_________.3.Acompany's"brandidentity"reflectsits_________.4.Theareaofatriangleiscalculatedas_________.5.Thescientificmethodinvolvesobservation,hypothesis,_________,andconclusion.6.ThepHscalemeasurestheacidityofasolution,with7being_________.7."Stakeholders"inabusinessinclude_________,customers,andemployees.8.ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinarighttriangle,a²+b²=_________.9.TheUnitedNationswasestablishedin_________.10.Inpoetry,"alliteration"istherepetitionof_________sounds.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1."Anthropology"isthestudyofhumancultureandbiology.(True/False)2.Theverb"can"expressesability.(True/False)3.A"budget"isalwaysafinancialplanforasingleyear.(True/False)4.ThePythagoreantheoremappliesonlytoright-angledtriangles.(True/False)5.A"controlgroup"mustbeidenticaltotheexperimentalgroup.(True/False)6."Plagiarism"isneverconsideredaseriousacademicoffense.(True/False)7."Ganttcharts"areexclusivelyusedinconstructionprojects.(True/False)8.Water(H₂O)isacompound,notanelement.(True/False)9.The"sustainabledevelopmentgoals"wereproposedbytheWorldBank.(True/False)10."Metaphor"isthesameasasimile.(True/False)四、简答题（总共3题，每题4分，共12分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"culturalrelativism"and"culturalabsolutism."2.Describetheroleofa"controlgroup"inascientificexperiment.3.Whatarethethreeprimarycomponentsofabusiness"SWOTanalysis"?五、应用题（总共2题，每题9分，共18分）1.Arighttrianglehastwosidesmeasuring6cmand8cm.CalculatethelengthofthehypotenuseusingthePythagoreantheorem.Showallsteps.2.AcompanyisconductingaSWOTanalysis.Identifyonestrength,oneweakness,oneopportunity,andonethreat,andexplainhowtheyrelatetothebusiness.【试卷末尾附标准答案及解析】---一、单选题答案1.B2.C3.D4.B5.C6.A7.B8.A9.C10.B---二、填空题答案1.Sociology2.wrote3.values4.(1/2)×base×height5.experimentation6.neutral7.investors8.c²9.194510.consonants---三、判断题答案1.True2.True3.False4.True5.False6.False7.False8.True9.False10.False---四、简答题答案及解析1.Differencebetweenculturalrelativismandculturalabsolutism:-Culturalrelativismholdsthatmoralstandardsandculturalpracticesshouldbejudgedbytheirowncontextratherthanuniversalcriteria.-Culturalabsolutismassertsthatcertainmoralvalues(e.g.,humanrights)areuniversalandapplicabletoallcultures.(4points)2.Roleofacontrolgroup:-Acontrolgroupinanexperimentdoesnotreceivethetreatmentorinterventionbeingtested.-Itservesasabaselinetocompareagainsttheexperimentalgroup,ensuringthatobservedeffectsareduetothetreatment,notothervariables.(4points)3.ThreecomponentsofSWOTanalysis:-Strengths:Internalattributesthatgiveacompetitiveadvantage(e.g.,skilledworkforce).-Weaknesses:Internallimitations(e.g.,outdatedtechnology).-Opportunities:Externalfactorsthatcouldbeleveraged(e.g.,marketgrowth).(4points)---五、应用题答案及解析1.Pythagoreantheoremproblemsolution:-Formula:a²+b²=c²-Given:a=