2025年英语四六级词汇记忆专项训练试卷下半学期备考策略解析

2025年英语四六级词汇记忆专项训练试卷，下半学期备考策略解析考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分词汇选择填空阅读下面的短文，文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求，为每个空白选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thehumanbrainisincrediblycomplex,butscientistsaregraduallyuncoveringitsmysteries.Oneareaofresearchfocusesonhowthebrainformsmemories.Memoriesarenotstoredlikefilesonacomputer;instead,theyarestoredthroughchangesintheconnectionsbetweenbraincells,knownasneurons.Theseconnections,calledsynapses,becomestrongerorweakerdependingonwhethertheyarebeingused.Whenyoulearnsomethingnew,neuronsindifferentpartsofyourbrainbecomeactivatedandconnectwitheachother.Ifyoupracticeaskillrepeatedly,theseconnectionsbecomestronger,makingiteasiertoperformtheskillinthefuture.Thisprocessiscalledlong-termpotentiation(LTP).LTPisthoughttobeakeymechanismformemoryformation.However,memoriesarenotalwaysaccurate.Ourbrainsareconstantlyinterpretingandreconstructingmemories,whichcanleadtoerrors.Thisiswhyeyewitnessaccountscansometimesbeunreliable.Thebrainfillsingapsbasedonourexpectationsandbeliefs,whichcanaltertheoriginalmemory.Researchhasalsoshownthatsleepplaysacrucialroleinmemoryconsolidation.Duringsleep,thebrainsortsthroughtheday'sexperiencesandstrengthensimportantmemorieswhilediscardingirrelevantinformation.Withoutadequatesleep,thisprocessisdisrupted,andmemoryformationisimpaired.1.Accordingtothepassage,thebrainstoresmemoriesthrough__________.(A)thestorageofdigitalfiles(B)changesinneuronconnections(C)theactivationofspecificbrainregions(D)theinterpretationofsensoryinput2.Whathappenstosynapseswhenyoupracticeaskillrepeatedly?(A)Theybecomeweaker.(B)Theydisconnect.(C)Theybecomestronger.(D)Theyarereplaced.3.Theterm"long-termpotentiation"(LTP)refersto__________.(A)theweakeningofneuronconnections(B)theprocessofmemoryformation(C)thedisruptionofsleeppatterns(D)thereconstructionofeyewitnessaccounts4.Whycaneyewitnessaccountssometimesbeunreliable?(A)Eyewitnesseshavepoormemories.(B)Thebrainreconstructsmemories,leadingtoerrors.(C)Eyewitnessesoftenlieintentionally.(D)Eyewitnessesareeasilyinfluencedbyothers.5.Whatroledoessleepplayinmemoryformation?(A)Sleeppreventsthebrainfromformingmemories.(B)Sleephelpsthebraindiscardimportantmemories.(C)Sleepaidsinmemoryconsolidationbystrengtheningimportantmemories.(D)Sleepdisruptsthebrain'sabilitytosortthroughexperiences.Theincreasingprevalenceofsocialmediahassignificantlyalteredhowpeoplecommunicateandconsumeinformation.Ononehand,socialmediaplatformsprovideaconvenientwaytostayconnectedwithfriendsandfamily,shareupdates,anddiscovernewinterests.Theyhavealsobecomepowerfultoolsforsocialandpoliticalactivism,allowingindividualstoraiseawarenessaboutimportantissuesandorganizecollectiveaction.However,theriseofsocialmediahasalsoraisedconcernsaboutitsnegativeimpactonsociety.Onemajorconcernisthespreadofmisinformationandfakenews.Socialmediaplatformsaredesignedtomaximizeuserengagement,oftenprioritizingsensationalcontentoveraccuracy.Thiscreatesanenvironmentwherefalseinformationcanspreadrapidly,potentiallyinfluencingpublicopinionandevenelectionoutcomes.Anotherconcernistheissueofprivacy.Socialmediaplatformscollectvastamountsofuserdata,whichisoftenusedfortargetedadvertising.Whilethiscanbebeneficialforbusinesses,itraisesconcernsaboutthesecurityofpersonalinformationandthepotentialformisuse.Furthermore,socialmediacancontributetofeelingsofsocialisolationandanxiety.Spendingexcessivetimeonsocialmediacanleadtocomparisonswithothers,fosteringfeelingsofinadequacyandlowself-esteem.Theconstantneedtopresentaperfectimageonlinecanalsobestressfulandleadtoanxietydisorders.Despitetheseconcerns,socialmediaislikelytoremainadominantforceinthefuture.Itisimportantforindividualstobeawareofitspotentialnegativeimpactsanduseitresponsibly.Thisincludesbeingcriticaloftheinformationtheyconsume,protectingtheirprivacy,andmaintainingahealthybalancebetweenonlineandofflinelife.6.Whatisamajorbenefitofsocialmediaplatforms?(A)Theyprovideawaytospreadmisinformation.(B)Theyofferameanstostayconnectedwithothers.(C)Theyprioritizesensationalcontentoveraccuracy.(D)Theycollectvastamountsofuserdataforadvertising.7.Whyisthespreadofmisinformationonsocialmediaaconcern?(A)Itpromotesaccurateinformation.(B)Itencouragesuserengagement.(C)Itcaninfluencepublicopinionandelections.(D)Itbenefitsbusinessesthroughtargetedadvertising.8.Whatisaconcernrelatedtoprivacyonsocialmediaplatforms?(A)Usershavecompletecontrolovertheirdata.(B)Personalinformationissecurefrommisuse.(C)Vastamountsofuserdataarecollectedandusedforadvertising.(D)Socialmediaplatformsdonotcollectanyuserdata.9.Howcanexcessivesocialmediauseaffectindividuals?(A)Itcanimproveself-esteemandsocialskills.(B)Itcanleadtofeelingsofsocialisolationandanxiety.(C)Itfostersasenseofcommunityandconnection.(D)Itprovidesahealthyoutletforstressandanxiety.10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofsocialmedia?(A)Itwilldeclineinpopularityaspeoplebecomeawareofitsnegativeimpacts.(B)Itwillcontinuetobeadominantforce,butusersneedtoberesponsible.(C)Itwillbereplacedbynewcommunicationtechnologies.(D)Itwillprimarilybeusedfortargetedadvertisinganddatacollection.第二部分词汇同义替换下面的句子中划线部分均有四个选项，请根据上下文选择与划线部分意思最相近的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。11.Thescientificcommunitywasastoundedbythegroundbreakingdiscoveriesmadebytheresearchteam.(A)bewildered(B)skeptical(C)amused(D)unimpressed12.Despitethenumerousobstaclestheyfaced,thevolunteersremaineddeterminedtocompletetheproject.(A)challenges(B)successes(C)opportunities(D)rewards13.Thenovel'scomplexplotkeptthereadersengagedthroughouttheentirestory.(A)simple(B)straightforward(C)intriguing(D)boring14.Itisessentialforstudentstodevelopcriticalthinkingskillsinordertosucceedintheiracademiccareers.(A)essential(B)unnecessary(C)detrimental(D)irrelevant15.Thecompany'smarketingstrategywasineffectiveinattractingnewcustomers.(A)successful(B)efficient(C)persuasive(D)unsuccessful第三部分词汇填空根据上下文，在下面的句子空白处填入一个最恰当的词，使句子意思完整、通顺。16.Themanageraskedtheteamto__________theirideasforthenewproductlaunch.(A)develop(B)criticize(C)reject(D)evaluate17.Environmentalistsareconcernedaboutthe__________ofdeforestationonlocalwildlifepopulations.(A)reduction(B)preservation(C)destruction(D)conservation18.Theathlete's__________trainingregimenhelpedhimachievehisgoalofwinningthemarathon.(A)rigorous(B)casual(C)inconsistent(D)inadequate19.Thegovernmentimplementednewpoliciesto__________economicinequalityandimproveaccesstoeducationforallcitizens.(A)exacerbate(B)mitigate(C)encourage(D)hinder20.Thenovel's__________narrativestructurekeptthereadersguessinguntiltheveryend.(A)linear(B)complex(C)fragmented(D)predictable第四部分词汇匹配阅读下面的词汇和句子，为每个词汇选择一个最合适的句子进行匹配，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词汇：21.Prolific22.Consequently23.Nostalgic24.Elucidate25.Vulnerable句子：(A)Theoldphotographsevokedasenseofnostalgiaintheparticipants.(B)Theauthorisaprolificwriterwhohaspublishedovertwentynovels.(C)Consequently,thecompany'sprofitsdeclinedsignificantly.(D)Theteachertriedtoelucidatethecomplexscientificconcepttothestudents.(E)Childrenandtheelderlyareparticularlyvulnerabletothefluvirus.第五部分词汇应用26.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingtheword"ubiquitous"inawaythatmaintainstheoriginalmeaning.Theinternethasbecomeanintegralpartofmodernlife.27.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglishusingtheword"mitigate"inawaythatmaintainstheoriginalmeaning.政府采取措施减轻环境污染。试卷答案第一部分词汇选择填空1.B2.C3.B4.B5.C6.B7.C8.C9.B10.B解析1.依据：文章第一段明确指出"Memoriesarenotstoredlikefilesonacomputer;instead,theyarestoredthroughchangesintheconnectionsbetweenbraincells,knownasneurons."（记忆不像电脑文件一样存储；相反，它们是通过脑细胞，即神经元之间连接的变化来存储的。）故选B。2.依据：文章第一段继续说明"Ifyoupracticeaskillrepeatedly,theseconnectionsbecomestronger..."（如果你反复练习一项技能，这些连接会变得更强。）故选C。3.依据：文章第一段提到"Thisprocessiscalledlong-termpotentiation(LTP)."（这个过程被称为长时程增强（LTP））。紧接着解释了LTP是记忆形成的关键机制。故选B。4.依据：文章第二段指出"Ourbrainsareconstantlyinterpretingandreconstructingmemories,whichcanleadtoerrors."（我们的大脑不断地解释和重构记忆，这可能会导致错误。）故选B。5.依据：文章最后一段明确说明"Duringsleep,thebrainsortsthroughtheday'sexperiencesandstrengthensimportantmemorieswhilediscardingirrelevantinformation."（在睡眠期间，大脑会整理一天的经历，并加强重要的记忆，同时丢弃不相关的信息。）故选C。6.依据：文章第一段提到"Ononehand,socialmediaplatformsprovideaconvenientwaytostayconnectedwithfriendsandfamily,shareupdates,anddiscovernewinterests."（一方面，社交媒体平台提供了一种方便的方式，可以与朋友和家人保持联系，分享更新，发现新的兴趣。）故选B。7.依据：文章第二段指出"Onemajorconcernisthespreadofmisinformationandfakenews.Socialmediaplatformsaredesignedtomaximizeuserengagement,oftenprioritizingsensationalcontentoveraccuracy.Thiscreatesanenvironmentwherefalseinformationcanspreadrapidly,potentiallyinfluencingpublicopinionandevenelectionoutcomes."（一个主要担忧是虚假信息和假新闻的传播。社交媒体平台旨在最大化用户参与度，通常优先考虑耸人听闻的内容而不是准确性。这创造了一个虚假信息可以迅速传播的环境，可能会影响公众舆论，甚至影响选举结果。）故选C。8.依据：文章第二段提到"Furthermore,socialmediacancontributetofeelingsofsocialisolationandanxiety.Spendingexcessivetimeonsocialmediacanleadtocomparisonswithothers,fosteringfeelingsofinadequacyandlowself-esteem."（此外，社交媒体可能导致社交孤立和焦虑感。过度使用社交媒体会导致与他人比较，从而产生不满足感和低自尊。）故选C。9.依据：文章第三段明确指出"Spendingexcessivetimeonsocialmediacanleadtocomparisonswithothers,fosteringfeelingsofinadequacyandlowself-esteem."（过度使用社交媒体会导致与他人比较，从而产生不满足感和低自尊。）故选B。10.依据：文章最后一段指出"Despitetheseconcerns,socialmediaislikelytoremainadominantforceinthefuture.Itisimportantforindividualstobeawareofitspotentialnegativeimpactsanduseitresponsibly."（尽管存在这些担忧，社交媒体在未来可能仍然是一种主导力量。个人需要意识到其潜在的负面影响并负责任地使用它。）故选B。第二部分词汇同义替换11.A12.A13.C14.A15.D解析11.astounded意为“使震惊的”，bewildered意为“使迷惑的”，skeptical意为“怀疑的”，amused意为“使愉快的”，unimpressed意为“不感动的”。根据句意“科学界对研究团队做出的突破性发现感到震惊”，bewildered,skeptical,amused,unimpressed均不符合语境，只有astounded与原意最接近。故选A。12.obstacles意为“障碍”，successes意为“成功”，opportunities意为“机会”，rewards意为“奖励”。根据句意“尽管他们面临许多障碍，志愿者们仍然决心完成这个项目”，challenges（障碍）与obstacles意思最接近。故选A。13.complex意为“复杂的”，simple意为“简单的”，straightforward意为“直接的”，intriguing意为“引人入胜的”，boring意为“无聊的”。根据句意“小说复杂的故事情节让读者们一直保持兴趣”，simple,straightforward,boring均不符合语境，只有intriguing与原意最接近。故选C。14.essential意为“必要的”，unnecessary意为“不必要的”，detrimental意为“有害的”，irrelevant意为“不相关的”。根据句意“为了在学术生涯中取得成功，学生发展批判性思维技能是必要的”，unnecessary,detrimental,irrelevant均不符合语境，只有essential与原意最接近。故选A。15.ineffective意为“无效的”，successful意为“成功的”，efficient意为“有效的”，persuasive意为“有说服力的”，unsuccessful意为“不成功的”。根据句意“公司的营销策略在吸引新客户方面是无效的”，successful,efficient,persuasive均不符合语境，只有unsuccessful与原意最接近。故选D。第三部分词汇填空16.evaluate17.destruction18.rigorous19.mitigate20.complex解析16.依据：manager（经理）要求team（团队）对其ideas（想法）进行操作，结合语境，evaluate（评估）符合逻辑。17.依据：environmentalists（环保主义者）关注deforestation（森林砍伐）对localw