高考总复习优化设计二轮用书英语A 考点分类练8　词句猜测题

考点分类练(八)词句猜测题(2)高考总复习优化设计GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2025Passage

1(2024江苏南京、盐城二模)主题:个人故事

词数:316

难度:★★★☆☆EmestOwusuwas13in1980whenhewasgiventheopportunitytoappearintheaudienceofaBBCshow,andaskThatcherhowshefeltaboutbeingcalledtheIronLady.Thisencounterre-emergedinaBBC’sprogrammerecently.Atthetimeoftheirmeeting,Owusuwasonfreeschoolmeals,livingonapublicestateinBrixton,southLondon,whereheandhissisterwerebeingraisedbytheirmotherRose,astrugglinghairdresser.Now57,Owusulooksremarkablysimilarevenwithagreyingbeard.Buthislifehasbeentransformed.Thefatherofthreeisahumanresourcesdirector,andthefirstblackcaptainoftheAddingtongolfclubinits110-yearhistory.Asablackguy,itisaboutbreakingtheglassceiling.Speakinginitsclubhouse,Owusudescribeshisriseinsocialstatus(地位)asa“ThatcheriteJourney”.Andhesaysitbeganbyaskingthewomanherself.“Tothisdayitstillhasanimpact.Myconfidencechangedfromthatsliding-doormoment.Somethingaboutherconnectedwithme.”

ThatchertoldOwususheenjoyedbeingcalledtheIronLady.“Ithinkit’sratherapraise,don’tyou?”shesaid,“becausesooftenpeoplehavesaidtome,‘ifyou’reinyourjobyou’vegottobesoftandwarmandhuman,butyou’vegottohaveatouchofsteel.’”Owusurecallsthemoment,“Ijustrememberhereyecontact.Shewasansweringme,notthecamera.Shewelcomedthequestionsaying‘you’vegottobefirminthisworld’.Andthatstuckwithme.”Aftertheshowwasbroadcast,Owususaidhebecame“alittleheroinBrixtonforagoodthreemonths”.Owusuadded,“Itallgavemeextraconfidence.Doorsmightnothaveopenedsoquickly.Itwasoneofthosekeymomentstomakeyoudothingsmaybeyouwouldn’totherwisehavedone.”【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Emest

Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响,从而改变了自己的人生。1.What

do

we

know

about

Owusu

when

he

was

13?A.He

met

with

Thatcher

twice.B.He

joined

a

famous

golf

club.C.He

hosted

a

BBC’s

programme.D.He

lived

at

the

bottom

of

society.答案

D解析

推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,Owusu

13岁时生活在社会的底层。2.What

do

the

underlined

words

“sliding-door

moment”

in

paragraph

3

probably

mean?A.Turningpoint.B.Importantdecision.C.Socialstatus.D.Remarkableachievement.答案

A解析

词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“To

this

day

it

still

has

an

impact.My

confidence

changed”可知,从那一刻Owusu的信心改变了,说明那是一个转折点,sliding-door

moment的意思是“转折点”,和turning

point意思相近。3.Based

on

the

text,what

made

a

big

difference

to

Owusu?A.Others’

treating

him

equally

at

work.B.Others’

voting

him

a

hero

in

Brixton.C.Thatcher’s

efforts

to

preserve

his

dignity.D.Thatcher’s

faith

in

the

necessity

of

toughness.答案

D解析

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Because

so

often

people

have

said

to

me‘if

you’re

in

your

job

you’ve

got

to

be

soft

and

warm

and

human,but

you’ve

got

to

have

a

touch

of

steel.’”和“She

welcomed

the

question

saying‘you’ve

got

to

be

firm

in

this

world’.And

that

stuck

with

me.”可知,Thatcher夫人坚信强硬的必要性使Owusu发生了巨大的变化。4.Which

of

the

following

is

a

suitable

title

for

the

text?A.The

Art

of

DialogueB.The

Power

of

ConfidenceC.A

Life-Changing

MeetingD.A

Status-Improving

Tale答案

C解析

主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第三段中的“Speaking

in

its

clubhouse,

Owusu

describes

his

rise

in

social

status

as

a‘Thatcherite

Journey’.And

he

says

it

began

by

asking

the

woman

herself.‘To

this

day

it

still

has

an

impact.

My

confidence

changed

from

that

sliding-door

moment.Something

about

her

connected

with

me.’”可知,本文主要讲的是Emest

Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响,从而改变了自己的人生,因此最恰当的标题是C选项“A

Life-changing

Meeting”。Passage

2(2024广东广州一模)主题:研究发现

词数:307

难度:★★★☆☆Whenadulthumansmeetababy,manycan’thelpspeakinginahigher-pitched(更高音的),sing-songyvoice.Thisshift,knownasparentese,isnotuniquetohumans—ithasalsobeenobservedinanimalslikemonkeysandgorillas.Now,scientistsareaddingonemorespeciestothatlist:bottlenosedolphins.Dolphinsareintelligentanimalsthatliveandhuntingroups.Theycommunicateinauniqueway:everyindividualproducesitsownsignaturesoundthatactsmuchlikeanIDcard,usuallybyitsfirstbirthday.Buthowdoeseachcomeupwithitsdistinctivewhistle?Forbabies,itmighthavesomethingtodowithlisteningtoMum.Tosolvethismystery,researchersexaminedthesoundsmotherdolphinsmake.

Scientistsstudied34years’worthofrecordingsofsoundsmadeby19femalebottlenosedolphins.Whenthemotherdolphinswereneartheiryoung,

theycontinuedtomaketheirsignaturesound,butatahigherfrequency.Theyalsousedawiderrangeoffrequenciesthantheydidwhentheirbabieswerenotnearby.Thisdiscoverysuggeststhatusingthesemodificationsmotherdolphinsassisttheiryounginlearninghowtoproducethesecallsthemselves.Sincedolphinbabiesoftenspendsomeyearswiththeirmothersbeforelivingontheirown,itmakessensethatthisadaptationwouldhelpthemlearntocommunicate.Attheveryleast,thehigher-pitchedwhistlelikelygetsthebabies’attention.“It’simportantforababytoknow,‘Oh,Mum’stalkingtomenow,’”saysmarinebiologistJuneMann.Thiskindofresearchcouldhelpusunderstandhowlanguagedevelopedinhumans.“Itisabsolutelyessentialtohavebasicknowledgeaboutotherspeciesandhowtheycommunicate,”saysMann.“Iwouldbereallyinterestedtoseewhetherdolphinsalsochangetheirsoundswheninteractingwithbabiesofothers,whichiswhathappensinhumans.”【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了海豚妈妈通过教授幼崽使用独特的声音来教会幼崽说话。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。5.What

do

the

underlined

words

“this

mystery”

refer

to

in

paragraph

2?A.Whydolphinsliveandplayingroups.B.Howdolphinsdeveloptheiruniquesounds.C.Whataspectsofintelligencedolphinspossess.D.Whetherdolphinscanuseparenteselikehumans.答案

B解析

词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“But

how

does

each

come

up

with

its

distinctive

whistle?

For

babies,it

might

have

something

to

do

with

listening

to

Mum.”以及下文“researchers

examined

the

sounds

mother

dolphins

make”可知,海豚发出独特的声音与听到海豚妈妈的声音有关,所以为了解开“海豚如何发出独特的声音”这个谜团,研究人员检查了海豚妈妈发出的声音。故画线词指的是“海豚如何发出独特的声音”。6.How

did

the

researchers

carry

out

their

study

of

dolphins?A.By

analyzing

mother

dolphins’

sound

features.B.By

recording

parent-child

interaction

frequency.C.By

measuring

the

distance

between

parent

and

child.D.By

examining

the

speech

organs

of

mother

dolphins.答案

A解析

推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Scientists

studied

34

years’

worth

of

recordings

of

sounds

made

by

19

female

bottlenose

dolphins.”可知,研究人员通过分析雌性海豚的声音特征对海豚进行研究。7.What

is

a

suggested

reason

why

dolphin

mothers

use

parentese

with

their

young?A.To

help

them

learn

to

talk.B.To

teach

them

hunting

skills.C.To

express

worry

and

care.D.To

distract

their

attention.答案

A解析

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“This

discovery

suggests

that

using

these

modifications

mother

dolphins

assist

their

young

in

learning

how

to

produce

these

calls

themselves.”可知,海豚妈妈对幼崽使用父母语的原因是帮助它们学会说话。8.What

is

the

purpose

of

the

text?A.To

compare

the

parentese

of

humans

and

dolphins.B.To

illustrate

the

development

of

dolphin

intelligence.C.To

share

new

findings

about

dolphin

communication.D.To

highlight

the

value

of

studying

dolphins’

language.答案

C解析

推理判断题。文章主要说明了海豚妈妈通过教授幼崽使用独特的声音来教会幼崽说话并解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义,由此可知,文章的目的是分享有关海豚交流的新发现。Passage

3(2024江西鹰潭一模)主题:黄河数字孪生体

词数:386

难度:★★★☆☆TheYellowRiveristhecradle(摇篮)ofChina’scivilization.Andfloodcontrolandpreventionhavealwaysbeenkeytothewell-beingofthepeoplelivingalongit.Now,scientistscanbetterworkontheseissuesbygivingtheriveradigitaltwin.ThedigitaltwinoftheYellowRiverusesvarioustechnologies,includingbigdata,artificialintelligence,andtheinternetofthings.Devicessetupalongtherivercollectandtransmitinformationtothecommandcenter.Basedontheinformation,a3Dmodeloftheriverispresentedonthecomputerscreen.It’sliketheYellowRiverhasatwinthatreflectsitsrealconditions.Onebigbreakthroughintheriver’sdigitalgovernance(治理)is“smartstones”.AccordingtoWangQin,aleadresearcherattheInformationCenterofYellowRiverHenanBureau,asmartstoneisawater-proofstone-shapeddevicewithchips,abattery,andasignaltransmitter.Theyareburiedinimportantdike(堤坝)locationstorecordandreportthemovementofdikestones.“Uponfeelingmovementofthedikestones,thesmartstonesendsanalarmtothecommandcenterforquickresponse,”Wangsaid.“Inthepast,

researchershadtolearntheconditionsofthedikeonthespotbythemselves,

puttingtheirlivesatrisk,”saidZhaoXiaoxiongfromthebureau.“Nowthesmartstonescandothisforus,moresafely,quickly,andaccurately.”Andinthesky,drones(无人机)areflying.Ontheroutesdesignedbyengineers,thedronesbecomeexpertpatrollersoftheriver,lookingatitsdikesandfloodpreventionprojects.AccordingtoShenLinfromtheYellowRiverConservancyCommission,thankstothedrones,researchersatthecommandcentercangetfirst-handphotosandinformation.“Researchersthenupdatethe3Dmodelaccordingtothechangesthedronesreported.Thenewlyupdatedmodelhelpsustestourfloodwaterreleaseplansincaseweeverneedtobattendownthehatches,”saidShen.

Underthewaterandupinthesky,intelligentsystemsarehelpingtoprotecttheYellowRiverBasinonallfronts.AccordingtotheMinistryofWaterResources,inthefuture,wecanexpecttoseetheconstructionofanevenmorecomprehensivedigitalsystemforthisimportantriver.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黄河数字孪生体的创建目的、运行方式和发展。9.What

is

the

main

purpose

of

creating

a

digital

twin

of

the

Yellow

River?A.To

conduct

historical

research.B.To

raise

public

awareness

of

river

protection.C.To

improve

flood

control

and

prevention

efforts.D.To

create

a

virtual

tourist

attraction.答案

C解析

推理判断题。根据第一段中的“And

flood

control

and

prevention

have

always

been

key

to

the

well-being

of

the

people

living

along

it.Now,scientists

can

better

work

on

these

issues

by

giving

the

river

a

digital

twin.”可知,创建黄河数字孪生体的主要目的是加强防洪工作。10.How

do

the

smart

stones

contribute

to

the

river’s

digital

governance?A.They

record

water

quality.B.They

serve

as

markers

for

important

locations.C.They

enhance

the

river’s

beauty.D.They

monitor

and

report

dike

movements.答案

D解析

细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They

are

buried

in

important

dike

locations

to

record

and

report

the

movement

of

dike

stones.”可知,智能石头通过监测和报告堤坝的运动来为河流的数字化治理做出贡献。11.What

is

one

of

the

functions

of

drones

in

the

digital

governance

of

the

Yellow

River?A.Entertaining

tourists.B.Collecting

information

on

dike

condi