高考总复习优化设计二轮用书英语A 微专题4　明辨“陷阱”,完形填空不丢分

微专题4明辨“陷阱”,完形填空不丢分高考总复习优化设计GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI20251.因惯性思维而错选在英语学习中,由于种种原因,如考生的母语、知识面、思维习惯等都有可能令考生出现一些思维定式现象,即不善于思考,考虑问题也不全面,导致误解一些题目,从而抑制思维能力的发展。完形填空解题中考生常因惯性思维而失分。[典例](2020新高考Ⅰ卷)

31

youngplantsinthedryseasonwas32.toughforaloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe33.topofeachsapling(幼树)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto34.collectrainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.

31.A.Decorating

B.ObservingC.Watering D.Guarding分析

受思维习惯的影响,考生看到空后的young

plants就会想到去“保护”小树,因此考生易误选D项。但是,综合下文我们可以得知,本段主要描述的是Molai如何给小树浇水的过程。[自主解答]

C2.因不明一词多义或熟词生义而错选在最近几年的高考完形填空中,一词多义或熟词生义的考查屡见不鲜,这往往也是考生容易忽视的地方。很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“新义”而出现思维堵塞,造成了不应有的失分。下面我们选取具有代表性的试题加以分析,以帮助考生熟悉其命题特点,从而跳出命题人设置的词汇“陷阱”。[典例1](2022新高考Ⅰ卷)I

was

43.worried

that

our

15-month-old

boy

would

fall

into

the

creek(小溪).I

tied

a

rope

around

his

waist

to

keep

him

near

to

our

spot.That

lasted

about

ten

minutes.He

was

44.uncomfortable,and

his

crying

let

the

whole

campground

know

it.So

45.instead

of

tying

him

up,I

just

kept

a

close

eye

on

him.It

46

—he

didn’t

end

up

in

the

creek.My

three-year-old,however,did.

46.A.worked

B.happenedC.mattered

D.changed分析

本题考查work的熟词生义。work在本句中意为“奏效;产生预期的结果”。结合上下文可知,此处指的是作者的做法取得了预期的效果——15个月大的孩子确实没有掉进小溪里。[自主解答]

A[典例2](2022全国甲卷)The

next

week

we

47

our

dogs

together.It

was

a

hot

day.When

we

paused

to

catch

our

48.breath,Steve

got

down

on

one

knee.Was

he

proposing(求婚)?I

liked

him

too,but

so

49.soon?He

poured

water

from

a

bottle

into

his

hand

and

offered

it

to

my

dogs.50.In

that

moment,I

began

to

fall

for

him.

47.A.tied

B.walkedC.bathed

D.fed分析

此题考查walk的熟词生义。walk此处意为“牵着(动物)走;遛”,又由上下文提供的语境并结合常识可知,作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。[自主解答]

B3.因词汇理解障碍而错选在完形填空题的设题上,命题者还往往将一些考生平常容易忽视的词汇或不常用的生僻词汇设置成选项,从而造成考生错选。对于这些词汇,考生在平时应注意积累、识记。[典例](2022全国乙卷)Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas

44

asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的)creatures.Butour45.surprisingresearchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology

46

thatidea.

44.A.supported B.guaranteedC.imagined D.interpreted46.A.explained B.confirmedC.contradicted D.tested分析

节选段的语境为:很长一段时间以来,这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是完全的“以自我为中心的”生物的证据。但我们在儿童发展心理学方面的令人惊讶的研究结果反驳了这一观点。结合语境和选项可知,以上两个小题的正确答案分别是interpreted和contradicted。如果考生未能掌握这两个相对生僻的词汇,准确作答的难度可能较大。所以考生平时复习应注意加强词汇积累,并在练习和考试中不断提高有效地利用上下文中的提示信息的能力。[自主解答]44.

46.

DC4.因缺乏全篇关联思维而错选语篇层次题的解题信息不局限于某一句或某一句群,而是分散在某一段或几段甚至全篇,这就要求考生理解整篇文章,抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理,然后进行准确的推理、判断,从而做出正确的选择。对于此类题目,一定要坚持这样一个原则——不急于解答,读完全文后综合考虑再做判定。[典例](2022浙江1月卷)WhenBeverleyBurdeyneyturnedseventy-fourlastyear,shestartedhavingproblemswithher

36

,notablydrynessanddiscomfort.

...Eventually,Ms.Burdeyneylearnedaboutplansforaneyeresearch43.programatTelAvivUniversityinIsrael.Theresearchteam44.includedCanadiandoctorAllanSlomovic,whohasdone45.ground-breakingworkoneyecareusingstemcells.36.A.throat B.skinC.lungs D.eyes分析

本题是典型的语篇层次题,只看题目所在的