浙江省衢州五校2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

2025学年第一学期衢州五校联盟期中联考高二年级英语学科试题选择题部分第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidthemanfailtodo?A.Attendtheclassontime. B.pletehishomework. C.Bringhishomeworktoschool.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Sorry,Ms.Wilkins,Iforgotmyhomeworkathome.MayIgiveyoumypaperlatertoday?W:Please,getitnow.Allstudentsmusthandintheirhomeworkontime.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Inwhichroomwillthespeakerswatchafilm?A.Thestudy. B.Thelivingroom. C.Thebedroom.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:John,couldyouhelpmecleanthestudy?I’malittletired.M:Allright,youjustgorestinthebedroomforawhile,honey.W:You’resosweet.Afteryou’redone,let’swatchamovieinthelivingroom.M:OK.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhyisthemantryingtofindSherry?A.Toinvitehertoaparty. B.Toreturnaphonetoher. C.Tomeetherforlunch.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:HaveyouseenSherry?I’vebeentryingtofindher.W:Ihaven’tseenher.Shemustbeoutatlunch.DoIneedtophonehernow?M:No.Ifyoumeether,tellherthatsheisinvitedtomybirthdayparty.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemando?A.Heisazooworker. B.Heisafarmowner. C.Heisasupermarketsalesperson.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Theseareourcows.Themilktheyproduceisthebestinthisarea.W:Cows,pigs,chickens,youhavemanyanimals.M:TheseanimalsarewhatIhavetoearnmyliving.Followme,I’llshowyouthecheesewemake.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomansound?A.Patient. B.Confused. C.Angry.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Don’tjudgeotherseasily,sweetheart.Also,alwaystellotherssomethingpositiveandhowtheycouldimprove.M:So,Ishouldonlysaynicethingstomyfriends?W:Notexactly,dear.Behonestwiththemandgivehelpfulments.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whereisthemanfrom?A.TheUS. B.China. C.Italy.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anoldartform. B.AnewApplephone. C.Afamousbusinessman.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:ThishandwritingwaswrittenbyYanZhenqing,thegreatartistoftheTangDynastyofancientChina.M:That’samazing.W:Yeah.IgrewuplearningthisartatschoolwhenIwasachild.M:I’veneverseenthisbefore.But,ofcourse,thiswasn’ttaughtatmyschoolsbackhomeinItaly.W:Youknow,SteveJobs,theAmericancreatorofApple,studiedthiswhenhewasincollege.HesaidthisancientartforminspiredApple’sdesigntosomedegree.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inadesert. B.Inatown. C.Onabeach.9.Whatdoesthewomanworryabout?A.Deepsand. B.Theweather. C.Sourcesoffood.【答案】8A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Thesandhereistoodeepforthetrucks.W:TheSaharaisthebiggestanddriestdesertintheworld.Howwillwemakeittothenexttown?M:Let’snotworryaboutthatfornow.Itlookslikethenexttownisjust500kilometersfromhere.Wehaveenoughfoodtolastusforseveraldays,andwecansleepunderthestarsatnight.W:Allright,Dennis—ifyouthinkit’ssafe.M:Ithinkwehavenochoice.Butwithteamwork,we’llmakeit.W:You’reright.Butwhataboutthetemperaturechanges?Thisareacanbe40degreesatnoonbutfivedegreesatnight.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Friends.11.Howwillthemanimprovehimself?A.Byeatinghealthierfoods.B.Bybeingmorethankfultoothers.C.Byimprovinghisgradesatschool.12.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.InFebruary. B.InNovember. C.InDecember.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Ideterminetoexerciseandeathealthierfoodsforthenextyear.What’syourNewYearplan?M:ANewYearplan—likeapromisetomyself?W:AnimprovementyouwanttomakeinhonoroftheNewYear.Forexample,Dadisgivingupsmoking,andMomisexercisingwithmeM:Well,Idon’tknow.Idon’tdrinkoreatunhealthythings,andIexercisefivetimesperweek.W:Whataboutatschool?Couldyoustudymore,ormaybeimproveyourgrades?M:Myschoolgradesareexcellentatthemoment.W:Nooneisperfect,George.Evenifyou’redoingquitewell,there’salwaysroomforprogressM:Iknow—I’mgoingtoexpressmythankstoothersmore.IjustgotwonderfulChristmaspresentsandspentqualitytimewithourfamilyandmybestfriendslastSunday.So,Ishouldfeelasthankfulaspossible.W:Now,that’sthespiritoftheholidays.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Givingasciencelesson.B.Sharingaspecialexperience.C.Collectingopinionsforastudy.14.Whatwasthemostunforgettablethingfortheman?A.Doingscientificresearch.B.Jumpingthreemetershigh.C.ViewingtheEarthfromspace.15.Howlongdidtheman’striptake?A.2days. B.10days. C.16days.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Answersomequestions. B.Playaballgame. C.Tellastory.【答案】13.B14.C15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Wearesopleasedtohaveyouoncampus,sir.MyfellowclassmatesandIcan’twaittohearaboutyourtriptothemoon.M:Sure,andthankyouforleadingthisquestionandanswerperiod.So,themoon’sgravity(重力)isonly16%ofthegravityweexperienceontheEarth.Ifyouweigh60kilogramshere,you’llonlyweighabout10kilogramsonthemoon.W:Unbelievable!Howdidwalkingaroundtherefeel?M:Itfeltmorelikejumping.Ifyoucanjumpabouthalfameterhighhere,youcouldjumpthreemetersonthemoon.W:Wasthatthemostunforgettablepartofyourtrip?M:Well,nothingcanparewithseeingtheEarthfrom400,000kilometersaway.It’samazingtoseeeverythingyouknowonatinyblueballfromspace.W:That’llmakethetripworthit.M:Yes.Ittook16daysintotal—withtwodaysspentonthemoon.W:Thankyouforsharingyourstorywithus.Now,let’stakesomequestionsfromthecrowd.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhoisVictoria?AAbusinessowner. B.Agovernmentleader. C.Afirefighter.18.WhatwillDanielGoldreceive?A.Abetterjob. B.Anaward. C.Afreemeal.19.WhatdoesDanielGoldusuallydoafterlunch?A.Pickuprubbishinthepark.B.Takeawalkonthebeach.C.Spendtimewithhisfamily.20.Whatisthespeakerinspiredtodo?ABeakindperson. B.Exerciseregularly. C.Workharder.【答案】17.B18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,everyone.I’mVictoria,presidentofthetowngovernment,andaproudmemberofthismunity.I’msohonoredtoannounceournextawardwinner.Butbeforethat,Iwanttosaycongratulationstothefirefighterswhohavejustreceivedtheirmedals.Nowisourawardforourtown’smostgivingperson.Mostmornings,youcanfindDanielGoldwalkingalongthebeachwhilepickinguprubbish.Afterthat,Mr.Goldopenshiscafeforcustomerswhilegivingawayfreemealstothoseinneed.Afterlunch,youcanfindMr.Goldspendingtimewithhisgrandchildreninthepark.ButaboveallthecharityworkMr.Goldhasdone,hehasinspiredusalltobekinderandmoregenerous.Andhe’sstillinspiringusat80yearsold!Icouldgoonforhours,butourawarddinnerwillendinaround45minutes.So,withoutfurtherment,here’sDanielGold,thewinnerofourPersonoftheYearhonor.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANYUVirtualArtProgramTheNYUVirtualArtProgramisanonlineprogramforhighschoolstudentsinterestedinexploringfinearts.Studentswillworkdirectlywithartprofessionalsandpeerstoenhancetheirtechnicalandcreativeskills.GoalsforOurVirtualStudents●Createanewbodyofworkthatstudentscanuseinpotentialcollegeapplications.●Gainexperienceintoolsandtechnologiesusedtocreatedigitalart,likevideoanddigitalimagemakingsoftware.●LearnabouttheNYUartdepartment,itsfaculty,anditsuniqueapproachtocontemporaryartinafirsthandway.WhoCanApplyU.S.schoolstudentsgoingintotheirSophomore(10th),Junior(11th),orSenior(12th)yearcanapply.NonnativeEnglishspeakersoutsidetheU.S.mustsendscoresfromanEnglishproficiencytest.However,theymaysendaschoolreportinsteadiftheyhavestudiedinanEnglishspeakingschoolforatleastthreeyears.HowtoApplyApplicantsmustpleteanonlineapplicationandacollectionofwork(1020images).Workincludeddoesnothavetobefinished.Allmediaarewele.ProgramCosts●Tuition:$3,000,includinga$500registrationfee●MaterialsFees:Nomorethan$50percourseCoursesEverystudenttakes3foundationalcoursesandchooses2optionalcourses.21.Whatisoneofthegoalsforthestudentsinthisprogram?A.ToteachcoursesintheNYUartdepartment. B.Tobeeexpertsinartsoftware.C.Tocreateworkforfuturecollegeapplications. D.Toorganizeartexhibitionsforprofit.22.Whatmustallstudentsprovidetopletetheirapplication?A.Aremendationfromateacher. B.Acollectionof1020finishedartworks.C.AreportfromanEnglishspeakingschool. D.Apletedapplicationonthewebsite.23.Whatisthehighestprogramcostforastudent?A.$3,250 B.$3,500 C.$3,750 D.$3,850【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。是一则纽约大学虚拟艺术项目的招生广告。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据GoalsforOurVirtualStudents下的“Createanewbodyofworkthatstudentscanuseinpotentialcollegeapplications.(创作一套新的作品，学生可以在潜在的大学申请中使用)”可知，这个项目的学生的目标之一是为将来的大学申请创造条件。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据HowtoApply下的“Applicantsmustpleteanonlineapplicationandacollectionofwork(1020images).(申请人必须完成在线申请和作品集（1020张图片）)”可知，学生必须完成在线申请来完成他们的申请。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据ProgramCosts下的“Tuition:$3,000,includinga$500registrationfee(学费：3000美元，包括500美元的注册费)”，“MaterialsFees:Nomorethan$50percourse(材料费用：每门课程不超过50美元)”以及Courses下的“Everystudenttakes3foundationalcoursesandchooses2optionalcourses.(每个学生选修3门基础课程和2门选修课)”可知，每位学生会学习五门课程，所以费用是3000+50✖5=3250美元。故选A项。BPoetryandmusicaresisterarts.Bothrelyonsoundandrhythm(韵律)tomunicatetheirmessage.Bothhavetheabilitytocalm,todisturb,tofrighten,toanger,ortospreadjoy.Becauseoftheclosenessofthisrelationship,it’seasytoseewhymanypoetsusemusicasathemefortheirwriting.Listenisagloriouscelebrationofthemagicofmusic,enjoyedthroughthemagicofpoetry.It’salistpoem,withthetitle’spowerfulmovingintothenatureofthesounds,andthenencouragingreaderstotastemusicandfeelitthroughtheirbody.Itendswithaingtogetherofinstrumentsthroughtimeandspace,leadingtoasplendiddescriptionofmusic’smagic.ThepoetPeterSuttondescribesthewritingprocessthatproducedListen.Whenhewasworkingonpoemsinspiredbymusicandhisownplay,thetitleandfirstlineofListenintroducedthemselvesasathoughtstoredinaputerfile.ItwaswhiledevelopingthistrainofthoughtthatthefourelementsofthepoemsuggestedthemselvesasListen,Taste,TouchandSound.Peterrecalls,“Originally,thepoemwasinopenform,thoughalreadycontainingsoundpatterns,suchasalliterationandinternalrhymes.Tocreatethese,Imademuchuseofadictionary.”Headds,“Iwouldnotclaimthattobehardwork,butitwascertainlytimeconsuming.”Findingtheperfectwordisnotusefulonlyforfittingintotherhythm.Whenarevisedwordshiftsthepoem’sdirection,itcanrevealsomethingnewnotjustforthereaderbutasabonusforthepoet.It’snocoincidencethatthebeautifullycraftedresultisaveryspecialpieceofwriting.24.Whydomanypoetschoosemusicasathemeintheirwriting?A.Musicandpoetrybothrelyonvisualelementstoconveymeaning.B.Musiccanbeusedtoexpressonlyangerorjoy.C.Poetryandmusicsharemonartisticbasesandemotionalpurposes.D.Poetryisunabletomunicateemotionswithoutmusic.25.HowdoesthepoemListenguideitsreaderstoexperiencemusic?A.Byexplainingmusicaltheories. B.Byinvolvingvarioussenses.C.Bydescribingitsmagicdirectly. D.Byparingdifferentinstruments.26.WhatinspiredthefourelementsofthepoemListen?A.Thesuccessofthepoet’sownplay. B.Thedevelopmentofthepoet’sthought.C.Thestorageofthethoughtinaputerfile. D.Theadvicefromotherfamouswriters.27.Whatdoestheauthorofthetextconveyaboutfindingtheperfectword?A.Ittakesmuchtimeandeffort. B.Itreliesheavilyondictionaryuse.C.Itseeksmainlytosurpriseitsreaders. D.Ithasvaluebeyondfittingtherhythm.【答案】24.C25.B26.B27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了诗歌与音乐作为姊妹艺术，如何通过声音和韵律传递情感。文章以诗歌Listen为例，介绍了其创作过程和主题，说明诗人如何运用感官体验和精心选词来描绘音乐的魅力，强调了诗歌创作中寻找完美词语的重要性。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Poetryandmusicaresisterarts.Bothrelyonsoundandrhythm(韵律)tomunicatetheirmessage.Bothhavetheabilitytocalm,todisturb,tofrighten,toanger,ortospreadjoy.Becauseoftheclosenessofthisrelationship,it’seasytoseewhymanypoetsusemusicasathemefortheirwriting.(诗歌和音乐是姐妹艺术。两者都依靠声音和节奏来传达信息。两者都有能力使人平静、不安、恐惧、愤怒或传播快乐。由于这种关系的密切性，很容易理解为什么许多诗人用音乐作为他们写作的主题。)”可知，诗歌和音乐有共同的艺术基础和情感目的，这使得许多诗人选择音乐作为写作主题。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Listenisagloriouscelebrationofthemagicofmusic,enjoyedthroughthemagicofpoetry.It’salistpoem,withthetitle’spowerfulmovingintothenatureofthesounds,andthenencouragingreaderstotastemusicandfeelitthroughtheirbody.(《倾听》是对音乐魔力的辉煌庆祝，通过诗歌的魔力来享受。这是一首列表诗，标题的强大力量深入到声音的本质，然后鼓励读者品尝音乐，并通过身体感受音乐。)”可知，这首诗通过调动读者的各种感官来引导他们体验音乐。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Whenhewasworkingonpoemsinspiredbymusicandhisownplay,thetitleandfirstlineofListenintroducedthemselvesasathoughtstoredinaputerfile.ItwaswhiledevelopingthistrainofthoughtthatthefourelementsofthepoemsuggestedthemselvesasListen,Taste,TouchandSound.(当他在创作受音乐和自己的戏剧启发的诗歌时，《倾听》的标题和第一行作为存储在计算机文件中的一个想法出现了。正是在发展这一思路的过程中，这首诗的四个元素——听、尝、触摸和声音——自己浮现了出来。)”可知，这首诗的四个元素是在诗人发展他的思路时浮现出来的。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Findingtheperfectwordisnotusefulonlyforfittingintotherhythm.Whenarevisedwordshiftsthepoem’sdirection,itcanrevealsomethingnewnotjustforthereaderbutasabonusforthepoet.(找到完美的词语不仅仅是为了符合节奏。当一个修改过的词语改变了诗的方向时，它不仅可以为读者揭示新的东西，而且对诗人来说也是一种额外的收获。)”可知，找到完美的词语不仅仅是为了符合节奏，它还有超越节奏的价值。故选D。CElectricvehicles(EVs)canhelpcutfuelexpensesandloweremissionsparedtogasolinepoweredcars.However,theirsuccessdependsheavilyontheavailabilityofconvenientchargingoptions.Forpeoplelivinginapartmentsordenseurbanneighborhoods,accesstochargingstationsisoftenlimited,whichcontinuestoslowwiderEVadoption.Tohelpclosethisgap,researchersatPennStatedesignedaframeworktodevelopandassessstreetlightbasedchargingsystemsasasolution.Theteamsetup23upgradedstreetlightsinKansasCity,Missouri,totesttheconcept.Theirfindingsshowedthatstreetlightchargerswerenotonlymorecostefficientandtimeefficientthantraditionalchargingstations,buttheyalsoproducedfewerenvironmentalimpacts.U.S.edbytheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy,theresearcherspartneredwithorganizationsandpaniestoupgradeexistingstreetlightstofunctionasEVchargers.Theythenestablishedaframework—focusedondemand,practicalityandbenefits—forothermunitiestousetodevelopstreetlightEVchargers.Todeterminedemand,theresearcherslookedatfactorsincludinglanduse,stationdensity,pointsofinterestnearby,andtrafficvolumeandthenusedthedatatotrainartificialintelligencemodelstomakedemandpredictionsbasedonthesefactors.paredtotraditionalEVchargingports,theresearchersfoundthatstreetlightchargersweremuchcheapertosetup,sincethestreetlightsalreadyexisted.Theyalsofoundthatthestreetlightchargersofferedsignificantlyfasterchargingspeeds,likelybecausetheydrawpowerfromdedicatedelectricallinesandfacelesspetitionfrommultiplevehicleschargingatthesametime.Thestreetlightchargingstationsalsobenefitedtheenvironment,sincetherewereenergysavingsandgreenhousegasreductionsbyusinglocationswherecarswerealreadyparking.Fornextsteps,theresearcherssaidtheywouldliketobuildontheirmodelsbyaddingmoredetailedsocioeconomicdataandweatherinformation.ItwillhelpidentifymunitieswithlimitedEVaccessoradoptionpotential,ensuringafairersetupoffacilities.Weatherdataisalsocritical,asextremetemperaturescanaffectbatteryperformance,travelfrequencyandoverallenergydemand.28.WhatistheprimaryfocusofthePennStateresearchproject?A.Theparisonofelectricandgasolinevehicles.B.ThecreationofahighlyefficientEVchargingnetwork.C.Thedevelopmentofenergysavingstreetlights.D.TheapplicationofAIinurbantrafficmanagement.29.Whatdidtheresearchersdotodeterminedemandforstreetlightchargers?A.Theysurveyedpubliccharginghabits. B.Theydevelopedabeneficialframework.C.TheytrainedAImodelsforpredictions. D.Theyupgradedtheexistingstreetlights.30.Whatisanadvantageofstreetlightchargersovertraditionalports?A.Theywingreaterpublicfavor. B.Theyrequiremuchlessmaintenance.C.Theychargesignificantlyfaster. D.Theyusemoreecofriendlymaterials.31.Accordingtothetext,whatwilltheresearchteamdonext?A.Improvetheirmodelswithmorespecificdata.B.Expandthesystemtoruralareasnationwide.C.Designnewchargersforextremeweather.DLowertheproductioncostsforelectricvehicles.【答案】28.B29.C30.C31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍一项关于路灯式电动汽车充电系统的研究成果，解释其设计原理、实施过程、优势及未来方向。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Electricvehicles(EVs)canhelpcutfuelexpensesandloweremissionsparedtogasolinepoweredcars.However,theirsuccessdependsheavilyontheavailabilityofconvenientchargingoptions.Forpeoplelivinginapartmentsordenseurbanneighborhoods,accesstochargingstationsisoftenlimited,whichcontinuestoslowwiderEVadoption.(与汽油动力汽车相比，电动汽车（EV）有助于削减燃料费用并降低排放。然而，电动汽车的成功在很大程度上取决于便捷充电选项的普及程度。对于居住在公寓或人口密集的城市社区的人们来说，充电站的获取途径往往有限，这继续阻碍着电动汽车的更广泛普及)”以及第二段“ Tohelpclosethisgap,researchersatPennStatedesignedaframeworktodevelopandassessstreetlightbasedchargingsystemsasasolution.

(为了帮助缩小这一差距，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究人员设计了一个框架，以开发和评估基于路灯的充电系统作为解决方案。)”可推知，宾夕法尼亚州立大学研究项目的主要重点是建立高效的电动汽车充电网络。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Todeterminedemand,theresearcherslookedatfactorsincludinglanduse,stationdensity,pointsofinterestnearby,andtrafficvolumeandthenusedthedatatotrainartificialintelligencemodelstomakedemandpredictionsbasedonthesefactors.(为了确定需求，研究人员研究了包括土地使用、车站密度、附近兴趣点和交通量在内的因素，然后使用数据训练人工智能模型，根据这些因素做出需求预测。)”可知，研究人员训练人工智能模型进行预测来确定对路灯充电器的需求。故选C项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“paredtotraditionalEVchargingports,theresearchersfoundthatstreetlightchargersweremuchcheapertosetup,sincethestreetlightsalreadyexisted.Theyalsofoundthatthestreetlightchargersofferedsignificantlyfasterchargingspeeds,likelybecausetheydrawpowerfromdedicatedelectricallinesandfacelesspetitionfrommultiplevehicleschargingatthesametime.(研究人员发现，与传统的电动汽车充电端口相比，路灯充电器的安装成本要低得多，因为路灯已经存在了。他们还发现，路灯充电器的充电速度要快得多，这可能是因为它们从专用的电线中获取电力，因此面临的多辆车同时充电的竞争更少。)”可知，路灯充电器与传统充电端口相比，它们的充电速度快得多。故选C项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fornextsteps,theresearcherssaidtheywouldliketobuildontheirmodelsbyaddingmoredetailedsocioeconomicdataandweatherinformation.ItwillhelpidentifymunitieswithlimitedEVaccessoradoptionpotential,ensuringafairersetupoffacilities.Weatherdataisalsocritical,asextremetemperaturescanaffectbatteryperformance,travelfrequencyandoverallenergydemand.(对于下一步，研究人员表示，他们希望通过添加更详细的社会经济数据和天气信息来建立他们的模型。它将有助于确定电动汽车接入或采用潜力有限的社区，确保更公平的设施设置。天气数据也很重要，因为极端温度会影响电池性能、出行频率和整体能源需求。)”可知，研究小组下一步准备用更具体的数据改进他们的模型。故选A项。DAgroundbreakingstudyrecentlypublishedinNatureAginghasshednewlightontherelationshipbetweeninflammation(炎症)andaging,suggestingthatinflammationmonlyrelatedtoaging,knownas“inflammaging”,maynotbeauniversalphenomenon.Historically,scientistshaveviewedinflammagingasaprimarydriverofagerelateddiseasessuchasheartdisease,diabetes,anddementia.Thisconditionischaracterizedbytheimmunesystem’schronic(慢性的)stateofoveractivity,whichcanleadtoorgandamageandvarioushealthproblems.However,thefindingsfromthenewstudychallengetheassumptionthatthisbiologicalprocessoccurssimilarlyacrossdifferentpopulations.Thestudyinvolvedanalyzingbloodsamplesfromover2,800individualstoassesslevelsofinflammationcausingsubstances.TheresearchersidentifiedthesamepatternofincreasinginflammatorymarkersintheItalianandSingaporeanparticipants,linkedtoahigherrateofchronicdiseases.Incontrast,thenativeTsimanepeopleoftheBolivianAmazonandtheOrangAslifromMalaysiashowednosuchpattern.Despitehighinflammatorymarkers,theTsimaneexperiencesignificantlylowerratesofchronicillnessesmoninindustrializednations.Theseresultsraisecriticalquestionsaboutthenatureofinflammaging.Onepotentialexplanationisthatthephenomenonmaybeabyproductofsedentarylifestylesandhighcaloriedietspopularinmodernsocieties.Incontrast,traditionallifestylescharacterizedbyhigherphysicalactivityanddiversedietsmightleadtoadifferentimmuneresponsewhereinflammationservesaprotectiverole,ratherthananunhealthyone.Theimplicationsofthisstudyareprofound.Whatisbeneficialforindividualsinurbansettingsmaynotnecessarilyholdtrueforthosefollowingtraditionallifestyles.Moreover,theresearchhighlightsasignificantgapinourunderstandingofhumanhealth,emphasizingtheneedformoreinclusivestudiesthatenpassdiversepopulationsandenvironments.Thestudyservesasacriticalreminderthatourperceptionsofagingareshapedbyourenvironmentsandlifestyles.Whathasbeenperceivedasauniversaltruthinthebiologyofagingmay,infact,reflectlocaladaptationsinfluencedbyculturalpracticesandhealthbehaviors.32.WhatisthefindingofthestudypublishedinNatureAging?A.Evidencedeniesthatinflammatoryisuniversal.B.Analysisconfirmsthatinflammatorydrivesagerelateddiseases.C.Resultssuggestthatinflammatorybenefitstheelderly.D.Dataindicatethatinflammatoryweakenswithageuniversally.33.WhatdidthestudyrevealabouttheTsimanepeople?A.Effectivelocalmedicinesforagerelatedillnesses.B.Sharpdecreaseininflammationwithage.C.Uniquegeneticprotectionagainstchronicdiseases.D.Highinflammationyetlowchronicdiseaserates.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sedentary”probablymeaninparagraph4?A.Sociallyisolated. B.Physicallyinactive.C.Nutritionallypoor. D.Chronicallystressful.35.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Urbanlifestylesofferthedefenseagainstchronicdiseases.B.Geneticfactorsplayaroleinhumanhealthoutes.C.Universaldrugtreatmentsrepresentthefutureforelderlycare.D.Specificcontextsshapeagingprocessesacrosspopulations.【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发表在《自然·衰老》杂志上的一项研究，该研究分析了不同人群的炎症水平，发现与衰老相关的炎症并非普遍现象。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“AgroundbreakingstudyrecentlypublishedinNatureAginghasshednewlightontherelationshipbetweeninflammationandaging,suggestingthatinflammationmonlyrelatedtoaging,knownas“inflammaging”,maynotbeauniversalphenomenon.(最近发表在《自然·衰老》上的一项开创性研究揭示了炎症与衰老之间的新关系，表明与衰老相关的常见炎症，即“炎症衰老”，可能并非普遍现象。)”可知，发表在《自然·衰老》上的研究发现炎症并非普遍现象。故选A项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Incontrast,thenativeTsimanepeopleoftheBolivianAmazonandtheOrangAslifromMalaysiashowednosuchpattern.Despitehighinflammatorymarkers,theTsimaneexperiencesignificantlylowerratesofchronicillnessesmoninindustrializednations.(相比之下，玻利维亚亚马逊地区的土著齐曼内人和马来西亚的奥朗阿斯利人没有表现出这种模式。尽管炎症标志物水平较高，但齐曼内人患工业化国家常见慢性病的比率要低得多。)”可知，齐曼内人炎症高但慢性病发病率低。故选D项。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“Onepotentialexplanationisthatthephenomenonmaybeabyproductofsedentarylifestylesandhighcaloriedietspopularinmodernsocieties.(一种可能的解释是，这种现象可能是现代社会中流行的sedentary的生活方式和高热量饮食的副产品。)”以及“Incontrast,traditionallifestylescharacterizedbyhigherphysicalactivityanddiversedietsmightleadtoadifferentimmuneresponsewhereinflammationservesaprotectiverole,ratherthananunhealthyone.(相比之下，以更高的身体活动和多样化的饮食为特征的传统生活方式可能会导致不同的免疫反应，在这种反应中，炎症起到保护作用，而不是不健康的作用。)”可知，这里将现代生活方式和传统生活方式进行对比，传统生活方式是高体力活动，那么现代生活方式就是体力活动少，即久坐不动的，所以“sedentary”意思是“久坐不动的，缺乏运动的”，选项B“Physicallyinactive.(身体不活跃的)”符合题意。故选B项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Thestudyservesasacriticalreminderthatourperceptionsofagingareshapedbyourenvironmentsandlifestyles.Whathasbeenperceivedasauniversaltruthinthebiologyofagingmay,infact,reflectlocaladaptationsinfluencedbyculturalpracticesandhealthbehaviors.(这项研究是一个重要的提醒，即我们对衰老的认知是由我们的环境和生活方式塑造的。在衰老生物学中被认为是普遍真理的东西，实际上可能反映了受文化习俗和健康行为影响的局部适应性。)”可知，文章主要讲述了不同人群的衰老过程受特定环境和生活方式的影响，选项D“Specificcontextsshapeagingprocessesacrosspopulations.(特定环境塑造了不同人群的衰老过程)”符合题意。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeoplehavefallenintothehabitofneglectingtoexpressgratitudetoothersandfailingtotakemomentstoappreciatetheinvisibleyetwonderfulaspectsoflife.____36____However,thereareseveraleffectivetipstohelpcultivateahabitofgratitude.Practicemindfulness.Itishighlybeneficialforexpressinggratitude,asitenablesindividualstofullyengagewithandappreciatethepresentmoment,accordingtoMichelleMaidenberg,atherapistinprivatepracticeinHarrison,NewYork,whoalsoteachesagraduatecourseinMindfulnessPracticeatNewYorkUniversity.____37____Keepagratitudejournal.____38____Theideaisthatyou’llgetinthehabitofnoticingthosethingsyouappreciatemoreregularlythroughoutthedayandmorefrequently.____39____Noticethethingsthatarearoundyouthatareimportanttoyouormeetyourvalues.Forexample,ifyoulovenature,takeaminutetoenjoywhenthesunisout.Giveback.Practicinggratitudecanalsobegivingbackthroughcharityworkandserviceforothers.Gratitudeisn’tjustaboutspeaking,it’sinthedoing.Oneexampleistolookforthegoodthatcaneoutofacrisis,suchascollectingsuppliesforpeopleaffectedbyahurricane.Reframe.Reframingyourmindsetisapowerfulwaytobringmoregratitudeintoyourlife.____40____Forexample,insteadofsayingorthinking“Ihavetogotoworktoday,”reframeitas“Igettogotoworktodayandusemyskillsandtalents.”A.Sopracticingmindfulnesscanhelp.B.Writeathankyounotetosomeoneeveryweek.C.Takethetim