2025培训项目知识图谱

ÿZÿ¯——ÿ¯þßãg28n÷ÏkßÿxDnv»ÿDnÑ_\kß|»—ûÏ|{«»ßý}ëÿÞþ«NDnN

Dn5%10%

20%

30%50%75%90%2|^DnÕûWßc÷uÿÿ…1×]ön_ÿsÿò·v\1946~ŸYÓó~óûö2gþÞ}nùþ/ÿ{ö

ú1Ïý_X¿«

ÿx,~û\ö:

ïãnÕû;ÿmï»ß×ßöÿgþÿÿßvÿ;ÿm

ï(H.Ebbinghaus)

g~Óó,ïÿÎþX‘ûõÏ{×ß

öÍß2Þ}ÿ{^èx,Ï,

ßßý_ýýX¿«

ÿx,~û\ïã

ÿ{Õû÷õõ–»ßßZ»ß100%20VŸ^58.2%1_÷^44.2%8~9_÷^35.8%1y^33.7%2y^27.8%6y^25.4%û\ïrþDng{ùÿÿÿrþ}²ÿû\ïörþ}²}óoÿýrþnv»

öH‰ïè2gþÞ}ÿ¯ùþ,ÿ{ö¿«—ƒ×rþn{

ùßÌ¿«2DnëgnJÿžûDnNwoXÝ

3.DnÿªNw_ÛòܯÿßWþs;rþgDnÿªÿÿuÿ.×]~÷gï¯ßÓ]~ïę~ïßr{Ûg_¯ÿ.fir—Ûg_~

4.’\××ÿ˜oßvÿªoß~gDnARCSú¿«kßÿÿ_GÝ¿ßûXDgþÿ·M·ÿ

Ò}ëóû,ïkßsìÛ_šÏ}

D¿«gNDgDnNÿ˜,

ARCSïèÎ߉gNu2gþÞ}Dn½þ,ÿ{öÿßßný÷g¿«}D,}ÿïïÓDÿZDn

ogN2A-ìo|_ìoÛ,

ïÓ}_ßR-sÔÿ¯ÕûND\

ÏÇÿžsÔS-ïo’÷_Ï,

ocïoåþC-ïßòîmߙ

þæëïÿ¯ùþûvÿÞÑ_-ùþ¿«}ƒkßÿÿ_ÿÿ.ïí[öTED»oóûÞÑ_ý[Œ—@n]2gþÞ}1.Dn½þ¿«gß^}ƒkß(…ÿ~})2._[}Îÿ{_Óg\½»ŸWHYHOWWHAT½þoOKR/KPI½þu/ýý½þm{/ýw½þÍR½þv½þÍþ}ƒÿ¿«—nùþg}ƒúß:

WHY-HOW-WHAT6Ds-Dnùþ¿«ý[Gg·îã[[ûgn}:^ÿ¯ïW~W‡ÿ$;gþÞ}Dn½þg¿«õÿgg[,m{D1}Û^óÿÿ2ovwÛON^óþsgÿ¯þooÎN2

D2¿«ßuJž2—‰Ï{ßum{oÝDnrÿïûgs¿ö}ÿ_WDn…guJJž

D3_ÿDïõ}2—‰™ë\’gëÿýýÜocuÿ~ûD\íÏDnÜßýg¿ÿ2

D4ëNDnïW2çrïWöÛóÛÿ¯ÿÿgö}ÛsîDnïWÏ{o—çg̯2

D5ßýÿmoc2ÿmocÿïoNÿm{oW/_ÿ~ûÿþgoocDnïWÿïgþ½w2

D6{ÿÿ¯mÿ2»_Ü϶ÿguo1Ëoÿ~¯ovfirD12ïoßÿÏ-ùþÏkßgþÞ}uÿ××]D…[ïÿŸXD}ëUÿÿ.L.ï[_{Ý[(Donald.L.Kirkpatrick)Î1959~óû,o^}NÞ}g)ÿgÿ¯Ïýw}ÎϽþ,ÿ{gÿ¯m$gÏýý,m{¿«—ÿ-D\ßÞDnÓNþþsgïoþ=ÿ-Dn÷Ïâýaþïßûßÿ—‡ªÿ$žYgog^óÿÿ三ÿ

Ì~}ęßÿ¯Ÿó_ó÷wWPDCA&]þ-ùþߥûvýý»gþÞ}PDCAÿÿoÿÿ­ßûv_ÿ_Ü{[ûŸYóû,uvn×ÿ1ûo,·ßnÛ,

Ûùvnÿ2o—_­ßûvýý»2nnýý»Ý_},}]ùþߥûvÏ{oþo,ßþ,ÿÿöêç2P-«RD-gÌC-èçA-]v1-Þþþo__gþg‰firgþo&${ù2-Ïÿ$Highlights(Ngþoÿ)Lowlights(Ngþoÿ)3-V÷ßörßs¿‰}(&û½)Q­yogö(&û½)4-{ÿÿžÿž&ÍßÌN«R]þgígþ]öëoï,^Ôó^wÓ]

ïWfiý_ýý»,ÔóÕøëÌ,O^

ërö:O^2gþÿ¯—nV÷ÿGoldsteinO^kkßgþÞ}ÿ¯—ngöv<ÛÛù=ÿ¯gÿÛ9÷—nÏÿ$ýÍ1vþÿoâýk@ý_^ÿ3õâoöÞ}ûw‰nõïÕÚÿmo×õý_‰nAÿ9ïÿó9÷þ\9÷—‰ÿ¯—‰þßÿ¯×¯…nÎNï×ÿ¯ÿ¯ßÿ¯™÷­~vëÌflÓ_ûÿ¯vwÞkÿ&&N^þKS~ï,I.L.

Goldstein

1E.P.

Braverman1

H.Goldstein

Oþq\g~óû

ÿ¯—nÏÿÿgkß2Goldstein

kßþ_oywƒöÕ¯\þgöÿ¯—nV÷kß2û_^g‰nÚ,^oƒ×\ýóÎN2ÿ¯—nQÝ9÷kßgþÞ}ÿÿ…lß·W·j{^<óßöa=N<vóöa=Oõö<3Ý=ùfi@ó,~ßo~Û\ý÷Ï1âýÜaþXÿ¯Õû,ß}oÿ¯—n3ÝV÷kß2vó

gâ

ý|½o

gâ

ý|b—gÿ¯|vóöa½ßöaÛ×QÝvóöaöâ

ý|‰n?

ASKV{oÎ

N?óßèóûg

öâý|?

ASKV{nN?ÛO3Ýù;×~Ï{þßo

iïšÏÿ¯ë

óö3Ý?ASKV{ÿ¯Î

N?ßím{O^ÿ¯—nV÷~}ök2…¯fiö’\]ëóÿö,Wùöÿ¯

öÿ˜2_ÿgÿ¯—n9÷kßïogý_ÿm~ý_NZ×_ý_‰nęWœgý_

âý‰nOU9g\ýâýÿ¯ýhëóßÿ¯ýhëóU9g\ýâý~oWZ×_gþuÿÿ…Terry·L·leapÜMichael

D·Crino

óûö2^<_ÿg=}óß}ÿ¯—nV÷oïkßöþÛ2Þî¯fiŸwâoöOí

ßoÜ\ýönþrÿ—‰,s\ýþ_ö

ý_ÿmoîþïoö,_iý_öfi—‰fi

ý_úZ×_1fiÌOoWZ×_Xßöó

ûÿ¯ö‰n2_ÿgÿ¯—nV÷kßfiß

ßåõóßÎg}öV÷n÷,Ûóþ:Þ}^—nÛOO^ogöÓ],zuÛ\ý

Ì^ï2…¯fi}]ÿ{O^ogþo,

ø_þoXi}2ÿÎÜÿÛgÿ¯—n9÷kßþÿ^‡ª^ÿÛ^þ{^zuþoçW݇óÝùßO‰nÚûßÿ_ïèrßÿž\ÌÿžÜÿ

ÛkßÓ]yo½öÏÛQÝÛÛ~Ûÿ¯gþNÞ}ÜÿÛkßëÿgþ]¾[{q2ÿ]ÜÿÛkßö—nV÷û_^,roX‰nÚ,…¯fiö’\]O^s¿,xßßOÜþo,^O^^]ÿAÛöÓ]¶ÿ2ÿ{_ÓÿADDIE_ÓkßA-V÷D-¿«D-_ÓI-ßýE-ÏV÷ý_™ëÿóßýçþÿmÏýýV÷óoÿ{™ë}DÌo_Óþo_ÓoßïÿuýN~ÛúßÜÿçvÛDnNvÛ}Dûv«R™ëóowý_Ó}DýýžË}Dýýßý}Dûv«Rûv}DýýßÌÕøÏßÌ_øÏï}ÿÿgþNÞ}þ_ÿ{flӞßgÿy,Þ}ƒögö—nv»kß,ÿ{—‰m{oflÓ,flÓ|ۏ

ÿ,û_^g‰nÚ2ISD_Ókß1-ÿ¯—n9÷2-ÿ¯Õû9÷3-ÿ¯ûí9÷4-ÿ¯ÿ{þoÛÿ5-ÿ¯uvÛ6-ÿ¯ÚJ™ë7-ÿ¯ÿ{¿«ÏÿISDkß

Ï{‰}gþISD

(

Instructional

System

DesignĀs}ÿÿ¿«,Ûoï

oív»1nv»1}v»fiÿ

x,ß}ÿÿv»öËùÜ÷Ï,V÷}oöÿ˜Ü—n~Îo~ûghö—gv»Üýý2Þ}}]ÿ{flÓ,|wo÷ÏÜâ

ýÿ¯ÿ{öflÓ2SAMow_ÓkßwÖïo

¯÷gN½þÍR

Öò¿«o׿«

Azo

Bzo

ÞÑz×_¶ÿïï¿«¶ÿïï_Ó¶ÿÿ{ëûÌoÏ¿«þßýÏ_ÓgþÞ}:SAMÿ{¿«NflÓ;o2015~4oûzö

þn,_…oMichael

Allen1Richard

Sites,ۅoωnâogÓoß2Úmöÿ{¿«m{Ükß2}]ÿŸöÿ{¿«,YoÝ_,Oíïï2÷ÏÜâý’}2FASTÚm_Ókß—o

Focus

on

Problems

Úwÿ˜~ÿ|n~ÿ˜_ÛflÓýUÿ¯9÷™Ûÿ|ÿ˜ûvþoûûÿ|ÛOÎoAggregate

Methodsu\ýhÝßmOo

Select

Instructions

þ™}ýZ_ÿ‡×ýý«Õûöommþÿç«Õûö}»ßWr$«Õûiéß_ÿJžïÓnu¯_ÿ}ƒ]{oËõ÷_ÿÞ}ëßßý½wßoTransfigure

Outcomes_Wr$ÏþÕ·Nÿ³ÿWPPTrÿoþÕflÓ}kÝþ×þvOÿžË_WgþBÞ}FASTkßoþÛÿm}ßâoÜ:~O^ÿ{flÓßýÿžöÿxN,^ßoADDIEkßß

ÌýuÜ_W,rö—_ÿ]ÿ˜ëóöþÕÿ{flÓm{,gþ]±_^2}D¿«ÿÞ}Dk_Úwÿ˜ïç÷»Ëõ÷Þ}õ÷_¯šgþ_ïÿ××]ö}²âoÜ}¿«v»ÿM·vþ·í~\]2002~ó

û—gõö}v»sÞ}ßv,}ï}ßÿ}1:Ú_}vE-

Learning

noûÝÏïo\ó1ÿ

uom}{ßö_ÿ2Þ}}]ÿNÿ{}úö¿«,\ÓNÿN}úõNÿm{2U

Vúnÿçg,~û\omï

ãnÕû,4Cý-¸ÿ¯ÿZ1-Connections-Ôÿý¯N

ÁŸšÓN_@N2-Concepts-ëÿÞN}Du

þþN

ëÿoßN4-Conclusions{ÿD\ÿg{ÿN

Ïu

ÿ‡Dy3-Concrete

Practice-}ÿnÞ}NâýZßßN

Dn¿«g~o4Cgþw·L·îþ(Sharon

L.

Bowman)

Ì^ÿÿ

1}ûÿ¯^{ïÛX\ýÓ]þÿNÿ^×o8

øÿ¯Nïóný÷ö×_2Þ}}]ÿZ}u,

úö¿«,noóÛ4nÿ;q«65gu2ßoDn_-Jž_¿«wJÿžß}ËßÿíëîÿçߞgþX{·

ßo(David

kolb)

{

ÿ

Îþÿ·

[(John.Dewey)

1

ß

\

{

·

Ò

o

(Kurt

Lewin

,

1890ÿ1947)ÜþÞwÿžnk_öÿxON

óûëýöÿžnk_îsÿžn_v»

(experiential

learning)2Þ¯fiÿžnÏ{o

ußn’Þgn¶ÿçröÿÿç,Wîw_ÿž,ß}gËß,ÿíëÿW,Húßý2Þ}}]_ž_}öúö¿«,õÿóïöm{ÜÍ[,{_»ŸoYZ-ß}-nŸu-ÝZ2fl}DÏþ_ÿìo^÷þozïÞßY_nßgý\½zïwýóßDngÿ_ÓÌ~è½óßߙÏÿ_‡Ïß»ßN1ûgþÞ}òíÿ]<fin¿«}=fixßóûÎ<_

X}Ïþ=2onö_øgþ,Oû}ý_

gÿ,oßvöÿx,o’}]TýùÜTÿ

Tinö2}]}Ï{oö}ú,ngþ,nm{Xö¿«2ÌNDn&_ÿâoÿöŸq[Úw˜Ìo1þg}‘ÞöïÓóýVóWÓûõgÉëó×oßÏÏN—nqÏþ{WÏÇO~¯ó¯gþÞ}öŸq[ý(Team

Consensus

MethodĀuICA

gÓ~y^}ë,_fiÏßöŸ¿rqÏöm{

flÛ}2}]ëó÷—ÿ˜v…ÿófiHöý__,_¯Xm{Üv¿«2ÏÛ—ß

ÿ{/_¯öý__;ÿ¯Ï{og«,

öŸþ¿X2^}ÖuoŒÚwÿ˜_Ag«:û——9ï,g«Þÿ——9ï,g«AÕ¿rqÏý

hÖJr$oŒÛò:cþ,lÿ,»_\,A\gþÿ×þÿn_(SOLĀöÚÿþÿwÛÿ\._w(Juanita

Brown,

Ph.D.)Nvþ.g¬[

(David

Isaacs)\×ö:^}Öu;—no,Ÿk

óûÎ^}ÖuöiÏWöw_Ï{,ï}ë÷

Î^}ÖuöOn×[,~–ÿÎ^}ÖuöH

cúo,«ß·w]‹fi<sîboþßÌÖ_[°gi÷öý_=,oß·w]—öýÌ}önýý22Þ}v»N»,^}Öu’\ÿ_—‰ÓgÖ_~gÜöŸ[°Ûöߘ2Û_¯R,zu¿r,

ÿ{ý__,}úoö÷nÿ˜V÷Nëó,

H˜ã«X2ORIDwù«»ýïo^÷ßÞ^÷g{^÷óÛ^÷Objective

Ïß,½ß,ïoReflective

åþ,ßÛ,»ß,ÔóInterpretive

oO,þg,ÿ|,݉gDecisional

ó,ÌN,ýh,y—o«RORIDgþgþ]:Úw__ßúo;—n,wù«»ýoõÿ‘ùö

ßv,šÏßn^kÿß~ßö

óÿ,_ÿÞ…ÎÏåöèí

ßÌý^kö}ƒ,~gþ_û

ÌfióöÏ{2Þ}}]_¯ý__,ÿo,ÿ^ö{ÿNÞþ,ÿ^_^ön÷¿«2ÿÿÛ~Ûßý™ëÿ˜~¯þo~¯žÿ…AþÿÛ

ÝöŸm{_ÿšëÿqÏ}‘Þöù[™@ÿÛ«Rïè_¯½@óßÕgÌ;ù]þßþšvý__¯ÍR¶ÿ

@̶ÿ

½ß¶ÿgþßg_Üm{gíg

þ]GEš}$g,=ywf—CEO=w[·÷\_2š}$grÿÿöm{ýý»ßÌë2Þ}}]ÿ˜ëóöý__,ï}Õ^ógovY°@W

Xÿ˜fixßöÌúnù

þ¿«X2TD&ODÿþoþkþÿëÿ‡ªëy_øûo¿Œ|«zuëÿçWëÿ‡óçþßOçþÚû¿Œÿ_¿Œ/g«rßO‡\ÌO‡kß_¿ÚûoçÕøižkßßÕkßÛÜÿÛkßëÿgþ]¾[{q2Nÿçþm{Ûs¿o¾gþ]…ßýÿžÛnö{ÿ2þkoþoûvöÿù,fiþo™²}}óßo×