陕西省西安市碑林区某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省西安市碑林区某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AStudentFilmFestivalStudentFilmFestivalcelebrateslearningacrossthecurriculumthroughtheexcitinganddynamicmediumofshortfilm.Throughfilm,studentscantellstories,investigateideas,documentlearninginanyareaofstudyandexpressthecomplexityoftheirthinkingthrougharangeofgenresandtechnicalapproaches.Withthecreativeuseofdigitalmedia,studentscanintegratetheirpersonalperspectivestoexplorethediverseandchallengingissuesofourtime.It'sopentoallstudents,regardlessofschool.Weareacceptingsubmissionsinthefollowingcategories:Cartoon(upto30mins)Documentary(upto60mins)MusicVideo(under10mins)ScienceFictionShort(upto25mins)SituationalComedy(under10mins)WebSeries(uptothreeepisodes,nomorethan30minseach)Sofar,morethan20entrieshavebeenselectedacrossallcategories.Wewillgraduallyannouncethechosenentriesforeachcategory,givingyouachancetowatchallthefilmsonlineandvoteforyourfavourites.WinnersinallcategorieswillbeannouncedonWednesday,27December.Overtheyears,ourfilmfestivalshaveattractedthousandsoffilmmakersaroundtheworld.Eachfestivalfeatureslivescreeningsinourownschooltheater.Our80seattheaterisequippedwitha4Kprojectorandsevenspeakersthroughoutthevenue,deliveringhighqualityinafirst-classscreeningenvironment.Filmmakerswhoseworksareacceptedintoourfestivalwillreceivefreepassestotheschooltheater,invitationstofilmmasterclasses,andareconsideredforawards.1.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitablesubmissiontothefestival?A.Athree-quarter-hourcartoonaboutspaceadventure.B.Aseventy-minutedocumentaryaboutdailylife.C.Afive-minutefuncomedyaboutstudents'dormitorylife.D.Atwelve-minutemusicvideoofapopularsong.2.Whatcanfilmmakersdoiftheirworksareaccepted?A.Receiveafilmaward. B.Deliveryaspeechinthevenue.C.Interviewfilmmasters. D.Watchfilmsforfreeintheschooltheater.3.Whatisthetext?A.Ascheduleforthefilmselectingprocess. B.Aninvitationtoafilmmaker’scelebration.C.Anadvertisementforanupcomingfestival. D.Anannouncementofafilmfestivalawards.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了学生电影节的举办宗旨、参赛要求、入围及获奖相关安排和活动亮点。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Weareacceptingsubmissionsinthefollowingcategories:Cartoon(upto30mins)Documentary(upto60mins)MusicVideo(under10mins)ScienceFictionShort(upto25mins)SituationalComedy(under10mins)WebSeries(uptothreeepisodes,nomorethan30minseach)(我们接受以下类别的作品投稿：动画短片（最长30分钟）/纪录片（最长60分钟）/音乐视频（不足10分钟）/科幻短片（最长25分钟）/情景喜剧（不足10分钟）/网络剧集（最多3集，单集最长30分钟）)”可知，选项C“Afive-minutefuncomedyaboutstudents'dormitorylife.(5分钟的学生宿舍生活趣味喜剧)”属于情景喜剧类别，且时长不足10分钟，符合要求。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Filmmakerswhoseworksareacceptedintoourfestivalwillreceivefreepassestotheschooltheater,invitationstofilmmasterclasses,andareconsideredforawards.(作品入围的电影创作者将获得学校影院免费观影券、电影大师班邀请函，并将被考虑授予奖项。)”可知，作品入围的电影创作者将获得学校影院免费观影券。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍学生电影节的举办宗旨、参赛类别及要求、入围作品安排、展映环境和入围创作者权益等。选项C“Anadvertisementforanupcomingfestival.(即将举办的电影节广告)”符合文意，文章旨在宣传电影节、吸引学生投稿参与。故选C。BMyparentshaveabigcatathomenamedComet.Hehasbigears,alargehead,hugefeet,andagentlepersonality—butwehavenowayofknowingforsure.Hecamefromthelocalanimalshelter.MybrotherandIdidn’treallywanthim,sincehewasakittenandwewantedtoadoptanadultcatbecausewethoughtthekittenswouldbemorelikelytofindanotherhome,butmylittlesisterinsisted.WebroughtComethomethatday.Hesoonfellillandgrewalarminglyweak—hisribsstuckout,hiseyesswelled,andhisfurdulled.HebecamesofragilethatIfearedtouchinghim,thoughheclearlyneededcare.Someyearslater,Iwenthomeoneafternoonafterhavinghadanemotionalbreakdown.Mywholelifewasupsidedown.Ifelthollow,dead,anemptyshellofaperson.Ihadnoideawhatpieceswereevenworthpickingupagain.IfoundCometcurledupinacornerthatafternoon.He’dbeenasleep,butheliftedhisheadandlookedatmewhenIcamein.Ireachedahandtowardhim.Henuzzledit,immediatelyburstintoadeep,loudpurr,andgavemeaperfectlycontentcatgrin.Imovedmyhanddowntoscratchhisbackandsides,andhestretchedluxuriously,givingmelooksofabsoluteadoration.Atthatpoint,ithitme:thiscatlovedme.ThecatIdidn’twant,thecatIcouldn’tbeartotakecareofwhenhislifedependedonit,lovedme.Andhewouldalwaysloveme.Nomatterwhatwasgoingoninmylife,CometwouldstilllookupfromanapwhenIenteredtheroom,wouldstilllovetobetouchedbyme.Ibelieveloveissteadfast.Ibelievethatreallove,whetheritcomesfromyourfamilies,orasheltercat,isoffereddeterminedlyandunconditionally.Loveiswhatenablesustopickupthepiecesofourbrokenlivesandgoon.4.WhywasthewriterunwillingtoadoptCometinitially?A.Hethoughtadultcatsweremoregentle. B.HissisterresistedadoptingComet.C.Kittenswerethoughteasiertobeadopted. D.Cometwasaweakandsickkitten.5.HowdidComethelpthewritergothroughhisemotionalbreakdown?A.Bylyingquietlybesidehim. B.Bymakinghimfeeldeeplyloved.C.Bydistractinghimwithgrins. D.Byprotectinghimfromloneliness.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“steadfast”inparagraph6mean?A.Faithful. B.Romantic. C.Temporary. D.Unforgettable.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Lovewinsall B.LoveonfourfeetC.Anencounterwithakitten D.Arescueofashelterkitten【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者原本不想收养的一只病弱小猫彗星，用始终如一的陪伴与信赖，让精神崩溃的自己重获温暖，体悟到坚定无条件的爱能治愈破碎，给人继续前行的力量。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“MybrotherandIdidn’treallywanthim,sincehewasakittenandwewantedtoadoptanadultcatbecausewethoughtthekittenswouldbemorelikelytofindanotherhome,butmylittlesisterinsisted.(我哥哥和我并不是真的想要它，因为它是一只小猫，我们想收养一只成年猫，因为我们认为小猫更有可能找到另一个家，但我妹妹坚持要收养它)”可知，最初作者不想收留彗星，因为小猫更有可能被收养。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“He’dbeenasleep,butheliftedhisheadandlookedatmewhenIcamein.Ireachedahandtowardhim.Henuzzledit,immediatelyburstintoadeep,loudpurr,andgavemeaperfectlycontentcatgrin.Imovedmyhanddowntoscratchhisbackandsides,andhestretchedluxuriously,givingmelooksofabsoluteadoration.(他一直在睡觉，但当我进来时，他抬起头看着我。我向他伸出一只手。它用鼻子碰了碰它，立刻发出低沉响亮的咕噜声，然后心满意足地对我咧嘴一笑。我把手伸下去搔它的背和肋旁，它舒展得很舒服，向我投以绝对崇拜的目光)”及第五段“Atthatpoint,ithitme:thiscatlovedme.ThecatIdidn’twant,thecatIcouldn’tbeartotakecareofwhenhislifedependedonit,lovedme.Andhewouldalwaysloveme.Nomatterwhatwasgoingoninmylife,CometwouldstilllookupfromanapwhenIenteredtheroom,wouldstilllovetobetouchedbyme.(在那一刻，我突然意识到：这只猫爱我。那只我不想要的猫，那只当它的生命依赖于我时我不能忍受照顾的猫爱着我。他会永远爱我。不管我的生活中发生了什么，当我进入房间时，彗星仍然会从午睡中抬起头来，仍然喜欢被我抚摸)”可知，作者情绪低落时，这只小猫对他的依恋让他感受到被爱。故选B项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词的下一句“Ibelievethatreallove,whetheritcomesfromyourfamilies,orasheltercat,isoffereddeterminedlyandunconditionally.(我相信，真正的爱，无论是来自你的家人，还是来自收容所的猫，都是坚定而无条件的)”可知，此时作者感受到了爱，认为爱是坚定的，忠诚的。由此可知，划线词的意思与faithful相近。故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。作者在第一至五段讲述了自己精神崩溃时被一只小猫的爱治愈的故事，根据最后一段“Ibelieveloveissteadfast.Ibelievethatreallove,whetheritcomesfromyourfamilies,orasheltercat,isoffereddeterminedlyandunconditionally.Loveiswhatenablesustopickupthepiecesofourbrokenlivesandgoon.(我相信爱是坚定的。我相信，真正的爱，无论是来自你的家人，还是来自收容所的猫，都是坚定而无条件的。爱能让我们从破碎的生活中拾起碎片，继续前行)”可知，作者本文主要讲述了来自一只小猫的无条件的爱的力量，治愈了作者崩溃的情绪。由此可知，小猫和爱是文章主旨的两个关键要素，B项“Loveonfourfeet”能概括文章主旨大意，其中fourfeet代指小动物。故选B项。CFordecades,scientiststhoughtofthebrainasthemostvaluableandconsequentlymostcloselyguardedpartofthebody.Lockedsafelybehindtheblood-brainbarrier,itwasbroadlyfreeoftheharmofvirusesandthebattlesstartedbytheimmunesystem(免疫系统).Then,about20yearsago,someresearchersbegantowonder:isthebrainreallysoseparatedfromthebody?Theanswer,accordingtoagrowingbodyofevidence,isno.Thelistofbrainconditionsthathavebeenassociatedwithchangeselsewhereinthebodyislongandgrowing.ChangesinthemakeupofthemicroorganismsinthedigestivesystemhavebeenlinkedtodisorderssuchasParkinson’sdisease.Thereisalsoatheorythatinfectionduringpregnancycouldleadtobraindiseasesinbabies.Theeffectistwo-way.Thereisalengtheninglistofsymptomsnottypicallyviewedasdisordersofthenervoussystem,butthebrainplaysalargepartinthem.Forexample,thedevelopmentofafeverisinfluencedbyapopulationofnervecellsthatcontrolbodytemperatureandappetite.Evidenceismountingthatcancersusenervestogrowandspread.Theinterconnectionbetweenthebrainandbodyhaspromisingimplicationsforourabilitytobothunderstandandtreatillnesses.Ifsomebraindisordersstartoutsidethebrain,thenperhapstreatmentsforthemcouldalsoreachinfromoutside.Treatmentsthattakeeffectthroughthedigestivesystem,theheartorotherorgans,wouldbemucheasierandlessriskythanthosethatmustcrosstheblood-brainbarrier.Italsoworksintheoppositedirection.Studyshowsmicehavehealthierheartsafterreceivingstimulationtoabrainareainvolvedinpositiveemotionandmotivation.Activationofthebrainrewardcentre—calledtheventraltegmentalarea(VTA)—seemstocauseimmunechangesthatcontributetoit.Workingouthowthishappenscouldhelptodestroycancers,enhanceresponsestovaccinesandevenre-evaluatephysicaldiseasesthat,forcenturies,havenotbeenconsideredasbeingpsychologicallydriven.8.Whatdotheresearchersfocusonaboutthebrain?A.Itsprotectingsystem. B.Itsexposuretodiseases.C.Itscontrollingfunction. D.Itsconnectiontothebody.9.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisideainparagraph2?A.Byexplainingatheory. B.Byprovidingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bypresentingcauseandeffect.10.Whichbestdescribestreatmentsthatdonotcrosstheblood-brainbarrier?A.Cheaper. B.Morespecific.C.Safer. D.Moredirect.11.Whatdoesthestudysuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Brainhealthdependsonimmunechanges.B.Brainstimulationleadstonegativeemotions.C.Thebraincanhelpenhancepsychologicalhealth.D.Thebrainmaybekeytotreatingphysicaldiseases.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些研究人员发现大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分，它和身体的其它部分产生的疾病是有联系的。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Then,about20yearsago,someresearchersbegantowonder:isthebrainreallysoseparatedfromthebody?Theanswer,accordingtoagrowingbodyofevidence,isno.(然后，大约20年前，一些研究人员开始怀疑：大脑真的与身体如此分离吗？根据越来越多的证据，答案是否定的。)”可知，研究人员主要研究大脑与身体的联系。故选D。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thelistofbrainconditionsthathavebeenassociatedwithchangeselsewhereinthebodyislongandgrowing.ChangesinthemakeupofthemicroorganismsinthedigestivesystemhavebeenlinkedtodisorderssuchasParkinson’sdisease.Thereisalsoatheorythatinfectionduringpregnancycouldleadtobraindiseasesinbabies.(与身体其他部位变化相关的大脑状况清单很长，而且还在不断增加。消化系统中微生物组成的变化与帕金森病等疾病有关。还有一种理论认为，怀孕期间的感染可能会导致婴儿脑部疾病。)”可知，这一段作者主要通过消化系统和怀孕期间的感染2个例子来论证自己的观点，说明大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Treatmentsthattakeeffectthroughthedigestivesystem,theheartorotherorgans,wouldbemucheasierandlessriskythanthosethatmustcrosstheblood-brainbarrier.(通过消化系统、心脏或其他器官进行的治疗比必须穿过血脑屏障的治疗更容易，风险更小。)”可知，不通过血脑屏障的治疗风险更小。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Studyshowsmicehavehealthierheartsafterreceivingstimulationtoabrainareainvolvedinpositiveemotionandmotivation.Activationofthebrainrewardcentre—calledtheventraltegmentalarea(VTA)—seemstocauseimmunechangesthatcontributetoit.Workingouthowthishappenscouldhelptodestroycancers,enhanceresponsestovaccinesandevenre-evaluatephysicaldiseasesthat,forcenturies,havenotbeenconsideredasbeingpsychologicallydriven.(研究表明，在大脑中涉及积极情绪和动机的区域受到刺激后，小鼠的心脏更健康。大脑奖赏中心——被称为腹侧被盖区（VTA）——的激活似乎会导致免疫变化。弄清楚这种情况是如何发生的，可以帮助摧毁癌症，增强对疫苗的反应，甚至重新评估几个世纪以来一直不被认为是心理驱动的物理疾病。)”可知，大脑可能是治疗身体疾病的关键。故选D。DApairofresearcherswithLeibnizUniversityofHannoverhasdemonstratedthemeansbywhichrobotsmightbeprogrammedtoexperiencesomethingsimilartopaininanimals.Aspartoftheirdemonstrationatlastweek’sIEEEInternationalConferenceonRoboticsandAutomationheldinStockholm,JohannesKuehnandSamiHaddaddinshowedhowpainmightbeusedinrobots,byinteractingwithaBioTacfingertipsensorontheendofaKukaroboticarmthathadbeenprogrammedtoreactdifferentlytodifferingamountsofpain.Theideaofdevelopinganartificialrobotnervoussystemmayseemcontrarytoallexpectations,butKuehnsaysdoingsoisimportantinthesamewaythatitisgoodforhumanstofeelpain.“Painisasystemthatprotectsus,”saysKuchn.“Whenweavoidthesourceofpain,ithelpsusnotgethurt.”Sowhenrobotscanfeelandreacttopain,theywillbecomesmartenoughtoavoidit.Themoredangeroustherobotregistersthethreattobe,thefasteritwillwithdrawandavoidthesourceofdanger.Additionally,KuehnandHaddadinsayhumansworkingalongsiderobotsthatfeelpain,especiallythoseinheavymachinery,willbeprotectedaroundthem.Theyhavetestedoutsomeoftheirideasusingaroboticarmwithafingertipsensorthatcandetectpressureandtemperature.Itusesarobot-tissuepatch(小片)modeledonhumanskintodecidehowmuchpainshouldbefeltandthuswhatactiontotake.Forexample,ifthearmfeelslightpain,itslowlywithdrawsuntilthepainstops,andthenreturnstoitsoriginaltask;severepain,meanwhile,causesthearmtogointoakindoflockdownmodeuntilitcangethelpfromahumanoperator.Suchrobotsarelikelytoraiseahostofquestions,ofcourse,iftheybecomemorecommon—ifarobotactsthesamewayahumandoeswhentouchingahotplate,arewetobelieveitistrulyexperiencingpain?Onlytimewilltellofcourse,butonethingthatisevident,KuehnandHaddadin’sworkcouldleadtorobotsthataremorehuman-likethanever.12.Whatdowelearnabouttherobotsinthedemonstration?A.Theycanlearnskillslikeanimals. B.Theycancommunicatewithpeople.C.Theyhavetheabilitytofeelpain. D.Theyresponddifferentlytorequests.13.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Thesignificanceofteachingrobotstofeelpain.B.Theprincipleofrobots’avoidanceofinjuries.C.Theanalysisoftheartificialrobotnervoussystem.D.Thevalueofprotectinghumanworkersfrominjury.14.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplegiveninparagraph3?A.Therobotissmartenoughtocarryoutdifferenttasks.B.Therobotcanhardlyworkaswellasahumanoperator.C.Therobotcanreactdifferentlybasedondegreesofpain.D.Therobotistolerantofchangesofpressureandtemperature.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardKuehnandHaddadin’sstudy?A.Dismissive. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Optimistic.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以感知疼痛的机器人，解释了教会机器人感知疼痛的意义以及机器人可以根据疼痛程度做出不同的反应。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Aspartoftheirdemonstrationatlastweek’sIEEEInternationalConferenceonRoboticsandAutomationheldinStockholm,JohannesKuehnandSamiHaddaddinshowedhowpainmightbeusedinrobots,byinteractingwithaBioTacfingertipsensorontheendofaKukaroboticarmthathadbeenprogrammedtoreactdifferentlytodifferingamountsofpain.(上周在斯德哥尔摩举行的IEEE机器人与自动化国际会议上，JohannesKuehn和SamiHaddaddin展示了疼痛如何应用于机器人，通过与Kuka机械臂末端的BioTac指尖传感器进行交互，该传感器已被编程为对不同程度的疼痛做出不同的反应)”可知，演示中的机器人有感觉疼痛的能力。故选C。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Theideaofdevelopinganartificialrobotnervoussystemmayseemcontrarytoallexpectations,butKuehnsaysdoingsoisimportantinthesamewaythatitisgoodforhumanstofeelpain.“Painisasystemthatprotectsus,”saysKuchn.“Whenweavoidthesourceofpain,ithelpsusnotgethurt.”Sowhenrobotscanfeelandreacttopain,theywillbecomesmartenoughtoavoidit.Themoredangeroustherobotregistersthethreattobe,thefasteritwillwithdrawandavoidthesourceofdanger.Additionally,KuehnandHaddadinsayhumansworkingalongsiderobotsthatfeelpain,especiallythoseinheavymachinery,willbeprotectedaroundthem.(开发人工机器人神经系统的想法似乎与所有人的期望相反，但库恩说，这样做很重要，就像人类感觉疼痛一样。“疼痛是一种保护我们的系统，”库恩说。“当我们避开痛苦的根源时，它就能帮助我们不受伤。”因此，当机器人能够感受到疼痛并做出反应时，它们将变得足够聪明，能够避免疼痛。机器人发现的威胁越危险，它就会越快地撤离并避开危险源。此外，Kuehn和hadadin说，人类和机器人一起工作，尤其是那些在重型机械上工作的机器人，将会受到保护)”可知，第二段主要讲的是教会机器人感知疼痛的意义。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Forexample,ifthearmfeelslightpain,itslowlywithdrawsuntilthepainstops,andthenreturnstoitsoriginaltask;severepain,meanwhile,causesthearmtogointoakindoflockdownmodeuntilitcangethelpfromahumanoperator.(例如，如果手臂感到轻微疼痛，它就会慢慢退缩，直到疼痛停止，然后再回到原来的工作中；与此同时，剧烈的疼痛会导致手臂进入一种锁定模式，直到它能得到人类操作员的帮助)”可知，机器人可以根据疼痛程度做出不同的反应。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Onlytimewilltellofcourse,butonethingthatisevident,KuehnandHaddadin’sworkcouldleadtorobotsthataremorehuman-likethanever.(当然，只有时间才能告诉我们答案，但有一件事是显而易见的，库恩和哈达丁的工作可能会让机器人变得比以往任何时候都更像人类)”可推知，作者对库恩和哈达丁的研究持乐观态度。故选D。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whendidwestartwalkingforleisure?“Goingforawalk”isapopularpastimeamongolderandyoungergenerationsalikebecauseofitswell-knownbenefitsforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Butyoumaybesurprisedtohearthatwanderingthroughprettystreetsorhikinginmountainoushavenotalwaysbeenconsideredleisureactivities,accordingtoDanielGale,aresearcherofpedestrianism(步行运动).____16____Beforethat,itwasjustsomethingpeopledidoutofnecessity,someofwhomevenassociateditwithcriminalactivity.ButforCharlesDickens,thefamousEnglish19thCenturyauthor,marchingthroughLondonstreetsandtrampingaroundthecountrysidewasabigpartofthecreativeprocess.____17____Hewalkedatanimpressivepaceoffourmilesperhour,accordingtohisbiographybyPeterAckroyd.____18____Perhapsyoucantakeinspirationfromanotherbig-thinkingwanderer.19thCenturyAmericanwriterHenryDavidThoreautookaslowerapproach,preferringtostrolloverhillsandfieldsandthroughthewoods.Hesaidthathecouldnotpreservehishealthandspiritswithoutwalkingatleastfourhoursaday.Thisideaoftakingastrolltoclearyourheadhassurvivedthroughtothe21stCentury.Buthavepedestrianmannersremainedthesame?A1780articlefortheLondonMagazineadvisedpedestrianstoavoidthingssuchashangingaroundinconversationandobstructingpeoplebehindyou.____19____Inthismodernage,whenmanyofusaretiedtoourdesksandtoourscreens,trythesimpleactofsteppingoutontothecitypavements,orgettinglostinnature.____20____Whetheryouseeyourselfmoreasacasualstrollerorapurposefulstrider(阔步者),whynotbuildahabitoutofit?A.Whatifspeed-walkingisn’tyourthing?B.Thismaymakeallthedifferencetoourwellbeing.C.Nowadays,wecouldadddistractedphone-users.D.Hebroughttherecreationofwalkingintofashion.E.Goingonanurbanwalkismuchmorepleasantnow.F.Itwasatimetoabsorbwhatwasgoingonaroundhim.G.InBritain,walkingforfunwasn’treallyathinguntilthe1780s.【答案】16.G17.F18.A19.C20.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了散步的历史以及好处。【16题详析】根据后文“Beforethat,itwasjustsomethingpeopledidoutofnecessity,someofwhomevenassociateditwithcriminalactivity.(在此之前，这只是人们出于需要而做的事情，有些人甚至把它与犯罪活动联系在一起)”可知，本句主要在说明散步流行起来的时间。故G选项“在英国，直到18世纪80年代，以散步为乐趣才真正成为一件事”符合语境，故选G。【17题详析】根据上文“ButforCharlesDickens,thefamousEnglish19thCenturyauthor,marchingthroughLondonstreetsandtrampingaroundthecountrysidewasabigpartofthecreativeprocess.(但对19世纪英国著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯来说，在伦敦街头游行、在乡间漫步是创作过程的重要组成部分)”可知，上文提到著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯喜欢创作的时候散步，故本句承接上文，说明这么做的原因。故F选项“这是一个吸收周围发生的事情的时候”符合语境，故选F。【18题详析】根据后文“Perhapsyoucantakeinspirationfromanotherbig-thinkingwanderer.19thCenturyAmericanwriterHenryDavidThoreautookaslowerapproach,preferringtostrolloverhillsandfieldsandthroughthewoods.Hesaidthathecouldnotpreservehishealthandspiritswithoutwalkingatleastfourhoursaday.(也许你可以从另一个胸怀大志的流浪者身上得到启发。19世纪的美国作家亨利·大卫·梭罗采取了一种较慢的方式，他更喜欢在山丘、田野和树林里漫步。他说，如果每天不走至少四个小时，他就无法保持健康和精神)”可知，后文主要说明了漫步的放松方式，结合上一段“Hewalkedatanimpressivepaceoffourmilesperhour,accordingtohisbiographybyPeterAckroyd.(根据彼得·阿克罗伊德的传记，他以每小时4英里的惊人速度行走)”提到了快速行走，故A选项“如果你不喜欢快走呢？”符合语境，故选A。【19题详析】根据上文“Thisideaoftakingastrolltoclearyourheadhassurvivedthroughtothe21stCentury.Buthavepedestrianmannersremainedthesame?A1780articlefortheLondonMagazineadvisedpedestrianstoavoidthingssuchashangingaroundinconversationandobstructingpeoplebehindyou.(通过散步来清醒头脑的想法一直延续到21世纪。但是，行人的举止还保持不变吗？1780年《伦敦杂志》上的一篇文章建议行人避免在谈话中徘徊或妨碍身后的人)”可知，本句与上文并列，都是在说明导致行人散步行为发生改变的情况，故C选项“现在，我们可以加上分心的电话用户”符合语境，故选C。【20题详析】根据上文“Inthismodernage,whenmanyofusaretiedtoourdesksandtoourscreens,trythesimpleactofsteppingoutontothecitypavements,orgettinglostinnature.(在这个现代时代，当我们中的许多人都被束缚在办公桌和屏幕前时，试着走到城市的人行道上，或者迷失在大自然中)”以及后文“Whetheryouseeyourselfmoreasacasualstrollerorapurposefulstrider(阔步者),whynotbuildahabitoutofit?(无论你把自己看成是一个随意的漫步者还是一个有目的的步行者，为什么不养成一种习惯呢？)”可知，后文建议出去散步，可知本句是在说明散步的好处。故B选项“这可能会对我们的健康产生很大的影响”符合语境，故选B。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihadneverpickedupacamerabeforemyfreshmanyearin2012,whenmyjourneytoanartistbegan.Forfouryears,I____21____G-StarSchoolofTheArts,wheremy____22____forphotographyandfilmmakingwereawaken.Havingseenmyfirstshortfilm,myteachercameover,saying:“Yougotagood____23____.Whynotconsiderdoingthisasyourprofession?Ithinkyou’vegota____24____init”.Then,itclicked.I,therefore,____25____mybankaccountandboughtmyfirstcamera.Sincethen,Iwasamazedbythe____26____theworldhastooffer.Ihaveto____27____,though:I,shyandchicken-hearted,tendedtocapturenature-relatedscenes,____28____anythingtodowithpeople.AsIwas____29____myway,Istartedphotographingmyself,theonlyoneIfelt____30____with.Thecamerasoonbecamemystrongest____31____,servingasthetoolforhowIexpressedmyself.Gradually,Igainedenough____32____tostarttakingphotosofotherpeople,greatlytouchedbyhowIwasableto____33____thebestinthemthroughthelens(镜头).Eachyear,IwouldlookbackonalloftheshotsIdidthatyearandwould____34____themtothefirstoneIevertookinmycareer.Althoughtheprogressseemedsubstantial,Irealizedthekeytogrowthasanartististoneverbe____35____.Thisallowsmetocreateprogressivelybetterworkyearafteryear.21.A.designed B.attended C.assessed D.arranged22.A.duties B.requests C.passions D.needs23.A.heart B.hand C.eye D.nerve24.A.future B.memory C.schedule D.certificate25.A.opened B.closed C.monitored D.emptied26.A.beauty B.sound C.lesson D.chance27.A.admit B.judge C.conclude D.negotiate28.A.envying B.avoiding C.prioritizing D.recording29.A.winding B.losing C.shooting D.clearing30.A.familiar B.comfortable C.generous D.patient31.A.resolve B.voice C.shoulder D.vision32.A.knowledge B.integrity C.confidence D.insight33.A.bringout B.commenton C.callfor D.takeover34.A.refer B.relate C.apply D.compare35.A.self-conscious B.self-reliant C.self-centered D.self-content【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.D26.A27.A28.B29.C30.B31.B32.C33.A34.D35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从2012年起在高中阶段发现并培养自己对摄影和电影制作热情的个人经历。文章以第一人称叙述，记录了作者从最初接触相机、受到老师鼓励、决定投身这一领域，到逐渐克服害羞、建立自信，并在艺术道路上不断进步的心路历程。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在G-Star艺术学院学习了四年，在那里我对摄影和电影制作的热情被唤醒。A.designed设计；B.attended参加，出席；C.assessed评估；D.arranged安排。根据下文“G-StarSchoolofTheArts”可知，此处指作者开始就读于一所艺术学校，attended符合教育背景的描述。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在G-Star艺术学院学习了四年，在那里我对摄影和电影制作的热情被唤醒。A.duties职责；B.requests请求；C.passions热情；D.needs需求。结合下文“forphotographyandfilmmakingwereawaken”可知，作者的艺术追求和热爱在此被激发。故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的眼光不错。A.heart心脏；B.hand手；C.eye眼睛；D.nerve神经。根据上文“Havingseenmyfirstshortfilm,myteachercameover,saying:“Yougotagood”和下文“Whynotconsiderdoingthisasyourprofession”可知，老师建议作者把这当成职业，说明老师对作者的作品评价很高，gotagoodeye表示“有很好的审美眼光或观察力”。故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为你在这方面有前途。A.future未来，前途；B.memory记忆；C.schedule时间表；D.certificate证书。根据上文“Whynotconsiderdoingthisasyourprofession”可知，老师鼓励作者考虑将此作为职业，表明老师认为作者在这方面有前途。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我清空了我的银行账户，买了我的第一台相机。A.opened打开；B.closed关闭；C.monitored监控；D.emptied清空。根据下文“mybankaccountandboughtmyfirstcamera”可知，此处表示作者为了购买相机而花掉了自己的积蓄，清空了银行账户。故选D。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我惊叹于世界所展现的美。A.beauty美丽；B.sound声音；C.lesson课程；D.chance机会。根据下文“theworldhastooffer”可知，作者开始摄影，应是对自然或生活中的美景感到惊叹。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我必须承认：我，害羞又胆小，倾向于捕捉与自然有关的场景，避免与人有关的任何东西。A.admit承认；B.judge判断；C.conclude结论；D.negotiate协商。根据下文“I,shyandchicken-hearted,tendedtocapturenature-relatedscenes,8anythingtodowithpeople.”可知，此处是作者对自己的性格和拍摄喜好的坦诚陈述，是作者承认的事实。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我必须承认：我，害羞又胆小，倾向于捕捉与自然有关的场景，避免与人有关的任何东西。A.envying羡慕；B.avoiding避免；C.prioritizing优先处理；D.recording记录。根据上文“tendedtocapturenature-relatedscenes”和下文“anythingtodowithpeople”可知，由于作者害羞胆小，所以会避开拍摄人物，选择自然景观。故选B。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我拍摄的过程中，我开始给自己拍照，这是我唯一感到自在的拍摄对象。A.winding蜿蜒；B.losing失去；C.shooting拍摄；D.clearing清理。根据下文“Istartedphotographingmyself”可知，此处指作者进行摄影活动，在作者拍摄的过程中，开始给自己拍照。故选C。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我拍摄的过程中，我开始给自己拍照，这是我唯一感到自在的拍摄对象。A.familiar熟悉的；B.comfortable舒适的，自在的；C.generous慷慨的；D.patient耐心的。根据上文“Istartedphotographingmyself”可知，由于是自我拍摄，所以作者感到最舒适、自在。故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相机很快成为我最强有力的声音，成为我表达自我的工具。A.resolve决心；B.voice声音；C.shoulder肩膀；D.vision视野。根据上文“Thecamerasoonbecamemystrongest”和下文“servingasthetoolforhowIexpressedmyself”可知，这里是比喻说法，指相机成为作者表达自我情感和观点的媒介，成为自己最强有力的声音。故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我获得了足够的自信，开始为别人拍照，我很感动于我是如何通过镜头展现出他们最好的一面的。A.knowledge知识；B.integrity正直；C.confidence信心；D.insight洞察力。根据上文“tendedtocapturenature-relatedscenes,8anythingtodowithpeople.”和下文“tostarttakingphotosofotherpeople”可知，从拍摄自己到拍摄他人，需要克服心理障碍，积累的是信心。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：渐渐地，我获得了足够的自信，开始为别人拍照，我很感动于我是如何通过镜头展现出他们最好的一面的。A.bringout展现，使显出；B.commenton评论；C.callfor要求；D.takeover接管。根据下文“thebestint