湖南省衡阳市某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省衡阳市某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。APart-TimeBirdkeeperTheBlankParkZooinDesMoines,Iowaisseekingdedicatedandhardworkingindividualstojoinourteamaspart-timebirdkeepers.Thispositionisresponsibleforperformingavarietyoftasksrelatedtotheanimalcareofabout39speciesofbirds.EssentialFunctions·Responsiblefordailyobservationofanimalhealthandwelfare.Maintainaccuratedailyrecordsofanimalsandreportabnormalbehaviorandproblemstotheareasupervisor(管理员).·Cooperateandassistwithveterinary(兽医的)treatmentsandinstructions.·Participateinmembershipprogramsincludingtours,presentationsandlectures.·Identifyandcommunicatemaintenancerepairsneededforthesafetyofanimals,visitorsandstaffaswellasoverallupkeepofthefacilities.Competencies(能力)·Abilitytohandleaflexibleworkloadwithavarietyofassignmentswhilealsomaintainingcalminanenvironmentthatcanbestressful.·Mustbeapositive,effectiveteammemberandbeabletoestablishprofessionalworkingrelationships.·Clearcommunicationskills,bothverbalandwritten.·Abilitytocompletetasksinathoroughbutquickmanner.Requirements·Four-yearcollegedegreeinBiology,Zoology,AnimalEcology,orarelatedfield.·1+yearsofpaidexperienceinanimalhusbandry(畜牧业).·Mustbeabletooperatevariousequipment,includingloaders,trailers,andlargevehicles.WorkEnvironmentWhileperformingthedutiesofthejob,theemployeeisregularlyrequiredtostand,walk,climb,andusevarioustools,machines,andequipment.Mostofthejobtasksarecompletedinside.However,theemployeeisoccasionallyexposedtoalltypesofweatherconditions,includingextremeheatandcold,snow,wind,andrain.Theemployeeisalsoexposedtonoisyenvironmentssuchasmotors.1.Whatisincludedinthepart-timeemployee’sroutine?A.Ensuringtourists’safety. B.Attendingveterinarycourses.C.Performingnecessaryrepairs. D.Recordingbirds’dailybehavior.2.Whatisamustforasuccessfulapplication?A.Teamworkspirit. B.Flexibletimetable.C.Medicaltraining. D.Volunteeringexperience.3.Whattypeofenvironmentdoesthepart-timebirdkeepersometimesworkin?A.Asmellyresearchoffice. B.Anoisy,outdoorenvironment.C.Aclassroomsettingwithstudents. D.Alaboratorysettingwithcontrolledconditions.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了BlankParkZoo招聘兼职鸟类管理员的相关要求。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“EssentialFunctions”部分“Responsiblefordailyobservationofanimalhealthandwelfare.Maintainaccuratedailyrecordsofanimalsandreportabnormalbehaviorandproblemstotheareasupervisor(管理员).(负责日常观察动物的健康和福利状况。准确记录动物的日常情况，并向区域管理员报告异常行为和问题)”可知，兼职员工的日常工作包括记录鸟类的日常行为。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“Competencies(能力)”部分“Mustbeapositive,effectiveteammemberandbeabletoestablishprofessionalworkingrelationships.(必须是积极、高效的团队成员，能够建立专业的工作关系)”可知，团队合作精神是成功申请该岗位的必备条件。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据“WorkEnvironment”部分“However,theemployeeisoccasionallyexposedtoalltypesofweatherconditions,includingextremeheatandcold,snow,wind,andrain.Theemployeeisalsoexposedtonoisyenvironmentssuchasmotors.(然而，员工偶尔会接触到各种天气条件，包括极热、极冷、雪、风、雨。员工也会接触到如马达等嘈杂的环境)”可知，兼职鸟类饲养员有时会在嘈杂的户外环境中工作。故选B。BInthemid-20thcentury,mapsoftheworldshowedcontinentssurroundedbyvast,featurelessoceans.Beneaththewaves,theoceanfloorwaslargelyunknown.ThatallchangedthankstotheworkofMarieTharp,apioneeringcartographerandgeologist.Inthe1940s,fewwomenwereacceptedinscience.Tharp,however,wasdeterminedtomakehermark.ShepartneredwithoceanographerBruceHeezen,whocollectedsonar(声呐)datafromshipsthatcrossedtheAtlanticOcean.Thedatawasjustastringofnumbersandgraphs—withoutsomeonetotranslateitintoavisualformat,itwasdifficulttointerpret.ThatwaswhereTharpcamein.Shebeganplottingthousandsofdatapoints,apainstakingprocessthatrequiredamixofmathematicalskillandartisticintuition.Intheprocessofhermapping,TharpdiscoveredthecentralvalleyoftheMid-AtlanticRidge,aplacewheretheoceanfloorwaspullingapart.Thiswasexactlythekindofevidencethatcouldsupportthecontroversial(争议的)theoryofcontinentaldrift,whichwaslargelydismissedbythescientificcommunityatthetime.Convincingthescientificcommunitywouldprovedifficult,sincemanygeologistshadlongbelievedthattheoceanfloorwasflatandfeatureless.TharpandHeezenturnedtoarttocreatevisualrepresentationsoftheoceanfloor.ThisproducedstunningmapsthatbroughtTharp’sfindingstolifeinawaythatnoscientificpapercould.Thebeautyofthesemapscapturedtheimaginationsofscientistsandthepublicalike.Tharp’smaps,andtheevidencetheyprovided,becameacornerstoneofthemodernunderstandingofgeology.Herworkprovedthattheoceanfloorwasnotstatic(静态的)butadynamic,changinglandscape.Formanyyears,Tharp’scontributionswereovershadowedbyhermalecolleagues—itwasBruceHeezen’snamethatoftenappearedonscientificpapers.Tharpworkedbehindthescenes,receivinglittlerecognitionforhergroundbreakingwork.Today,satelliteandsonartechnologyenableustomaptheoceanfloorwithincredibleprecision,butnoneofthiswouldhavebeenpossiblewithoutTharp’spioneeringefforts.4.WhatunderlyingreasonmotivatedTharp’scommitmenttoscience?A.ArequestfromHeezen. B.Aneedtostoresonardata.C.Abeliefincontinentaldrift. D.Adesiretoestablishherself.5.WhywasTharp’sdiscoveryofthecentralvalleysignificant?A.Itbackedathen-dismissedtheory.B.Itshowedsonardatawasunreliable.C.Itconfirmedtheoceanfloorwasflat.D.Itquestionedaonce-populartechnology.6.HowdidTharpandHeezenmakeTharp’sfindingswidelyaccepted?A.Bygivingpubliclectures.B.Byvisualizingdatapoints.C.Byconsultinggeologyexperts.D.Bypublishingscientificpapers.7.HowwasTharp’sworktreatedbyhercontemporaries?A.Itwascreditedtoothers.B.Itwasviewedasaccidental.C.Itwasbrieflyacknowledged.D.Itwasignoredaslackingevidence.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍20世纪中期，MarieTharp绘制大西洋海底地图，发现大西洋中脊的中央山谷，支持大陆漂移说，其成果成了现代地质学的基石，虽曾被忽视，却具开创性。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inthe1940s,fewwomenwereacceptedinscience.Tharp,however,wasdeterminedtomakehermark.

(在20世纪40年代，很少有女性被科学界接受。然而，Tharp决心要留下自己的印记)”可知，想要确立自身地位的愿望促使Tharp投身于科学事业。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Intheprocessofhermapping,TharpdiscoveredthecentralvalleyoftheMid-AtlanticRidge,aplacewheretheoceanfloorwaspullingapart.Thiswasexactlythekindofevidencethatcouldsupportthecontroversial(争议的)theoryofcontinentaldrift,whichwaslargelydismissedbythescientificcommunityatthetime.(在绘制地图的过程中，萨普发现了大西洋中脊的中央山谷，在那里海底正在分裂。这正是能支持有争议的大陆漂移理论的证据，该理论在当时基本上被科学界所忽视)”可知，Tharp关于中央山谷的发现之所以重要是因为它为一个争议的理论提供了证据。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“TharpandHeezenturnedtoarttocreatevisualrepresentationsoftheoceanfloor.ThisproducedstunningmapsthatbroughtTharp’sfindingstolifeinawaythatnoscientificpapercould.Thebeautyofthesemapscapturedtheimaginationsofscientistsandthepublicalike.Tharp’smaps,andtheevidencetheyprovided,becameacornerstoneofthemodernunderstandingofgeology.(Tharp和Heezen转向艺术来创造海底的视觉表现。这产生了令人惊叹的地图，以一种任何科学论文都无法做到的方式，使萨普的发现栩栩如生。这些地图的美丽俘获了科学家和公众的想象力。萨普的地图和它们提供的证据，成为现代地质学理解的基石)”可知，TharpandHeezen通过让数据可视化，使得Tharp的发现被广泛接受。故选B。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Formanyyears,Tharp’scontributionswereovershadowedbyhermalecolleagues—itwasBruceHeezen’snamethatoftenappearedonscientificpapers.Tharpworkedbehindthescenes,receivinglittlerecognitionforhergroundbreakingwork.(多年来，萨普的贡献被她的男性同事所掩盖——BruceHeezen的名字经常出现在科学论文上。萨普在幕后工作，她的开创性工作几乎没有得到认可)”推知，同时代的人将Tharp的成就归功于他人。故选A。CFordecades,scientiststhoughtofthebrainasthemostvaluableandconsequentlymostcloselyguardedpartofthebody.Lockedsafelybehindtheblood-brainbarrier,itwasbroadlyfreeoftheharmofvirusesandthebattlesstartedbytheimmunesystem(免疫系统).Then,about20yearsago,someresearchersbegantowonder:isthebrainreallysoseparatedfromthebody?Theanswer,accordingtoagrowingbodyofevidence,isno.Thelistofbrainconditionsthathavebeenassociatedwithchangeselsewhereinthebodyislongandgrowing.ChangesinthemakeupofthemicroorganismsinthedigestivesystemhavebeenlinkedtodisorderssuchasParkinson’sdisease.Thereisalsoatheorythatinfectionduringpregnancycouldleadtobraindiseasesinbabies.Theeffectistwo-way.Thereisalengtheninglistofsymptomsnottypicallyviewedasdisordersofthenervoussystem,butthebrainplaysalargepartinthem.Forexample,thedevelopmentofafeverisinfluencedbyapopulationofnervecellsthatcontrolbodytemperatureandappetite.Evidenceismountingthatcancersusenervestogrowandspread.Theinterconnectionbetweenthebrainandbodyhaspromisingimplicationsforourabilitytobothunderstandandtreatillnesses.Ifsomebraindisordersstartoutsidethebrain,thenperhapstreatmentsforthemcouldalsoreachinfromoutside.Treatmentsthattakeeffectthroughthedigestivesystem,theheartorotherorgans,wouldbemucheasierandlessriskythanthosethatmustcrosstheblood-brainbarrier.Italsoworksintheoppositedirection.Studyshowsmicehavehealthierheartsafterreceivingstimulationtoabrainareainvolvedinpositiveemotionandmotivation.Activationofthebrainrewardcentre—calledtheventraltegmentalarea(VTA)—seemstocauseimmunechangesthatcontributetoit.Workingouthowthishappenscouldhelptodestroycancers,enhanceresponsestovaccinesandevenre-evaluatephysicaldiseasesthat,forcenturies,havenotbeenconsideredasbeingpsychologicallydriven.8.Whatdotheresearchersfocusonaboutthebrain?A.Itsprotectingsystem. B.Itsexposuretodiseases.C.Itscontrollingfunction. D.Itsconnectiontothebody.9.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisideainparagraph2?A.Byexplainingatheory. B.Byprovidingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bypresentingcauseandeffect.10.Whichbestdescribestreatmentsthatdonotcrosstheblood-brainbarrier?A.Cheaper. B.Morespecific.C.Safer. D.Moredirect.11.Whatdoesthestudysuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Brainhealthdependsonimmunechanges.B.Brainstimulationleadstonegativeemotions.C.Thebraincanhelpenhancepsychologicalhealth.D.Thebrainmaybekeytotreatingphysicaldiseases.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些研究人员发现大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分，它和身体的其它部分产生的疾病是有联系的。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Then,about20yearsago,someresearchersbegantowonder:isthebrainreallysoseparatedfromthebody?Theanswer,accordingtoagrowingbodyofevidence,isno.(然后，大约20年前，一些研究人员开始怀疑：大脑真的与身体如此分离吗？根据越来越多的证据，答案是否定的。)”可知，研究人员主要研究大脑与身体的联系。故选D。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thelistofbrainconditionsthathavebeenassociatedwithchangeselsewhereinthebodyislongandgrowing.ChangesinthemakeupofthemicroorganismsinthedigestivesystemhavebeenlinkedtodisorderssuchasParkinson’sdisease.Thereisalsoatheorythatinfectionduringpregnancycouldleadtobraindiseasesinbabies.(与身体其他部位变化相关的大脑状况清单很长，而且还在不断增加。消化系统中微生物组成的变化与帕金森病等疾病有关。还有一种理论认为，怀孕期间的感染可能会导致婴儿脑部疾病。)”可知，这一段作者主要通过消化系统和怀孕期间的感染2个例子来论证自己的观点，说明大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Treatmentsthattakeeffectthroughthedigestivesystem,theheartorotherorgans,wouldbemucheasierandlessriskythanthosethatmustcrosstheblood-brainbarrier.(通过消化系统、心脏或其他器官进行的治疗比必须穿过血脑屏障的治疗更容易，风险更小。)”可知，不通过血脑屏障的治疗风险更小。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Studyshowsmicehavehealthierheartsafterreceivingstimulationtoabrainareainvolvedinpositiveemotionandmotivation.Activationofthebrainrewardcentre—calledtheventraltegmentalarea(VTA)—seemstocauseimmunechangesthatcontributetoit.Workingouthowthishappenscouldhelptodestroycancers,enhanceresponsestovaccinesandevenre-evaluatephysicaldiseasesthat,forcenturies,havenotbeenconsideredasbeingpsychologicallydriven.(研究表明，在大脑中涉及积极情绪和动机的区域受到刺激后，小鼠的心脏更健康。大脑奖赏中心——被称为腹侧被盖区（VTA）——的激活似乎会导致免疫变化。弄清楚这种情况是如何发生的，可以帮助摧毁癌症，增强对疫苗的反应，甚至重新评估几个世纪以来一直不被认为是心理驱动的物理疾病。)”可知，大脑可能是治疗身体疾病的关键。故选D。DWhenyouseesomeoneabsorbedinahighbrownovelonthetrainorposingwithaphilosophicalvolumeonsocialmedia,youshouldn’tautomaticallyassumetheyarereadingthebook.It’sknownas“performativereading”asthe“reader”wants“everyonetoknow”theyread,wroteAlainaDemopoulosinTheGuardian.They’resignallingtheyhavethe“tasteandattentionspan”to“pickupaphysicalbook”.Thephenomenonhasitsrootsin2021,whenaboominbookclubsledbycelebritiesalongwith“BookTok”,thesectionofTikTokdedicatedtopromotinganddiscussingcommercialfiction,turnedfavouredbooksintoa“trend-drivenaccessory”,saidSarahManavisinTheNewStatesman.BookTokisseenasperformative,with“trendybooks”goingviralnotbecauseofthe“qualityoftheliterature”butbecauseitsuggestsan“increasinglyfashionable,intellectual-lookingstyle”.Andwhenreadingbecomesacompetition,with“countlessusersshowingoff”abouthavingreadmorethan35booksinasinglemonth,supposedly,qualitytakesabackseatto“demonstratingyourselftobeavoracious‘reader’.”Socialposturingthroughbooksisn’tnew.Whatisnewisthe“uniquelyunapologetic”waysocialmedia“rubber-stamps”theideaofbooksas“anaccessory,ratherthananart”.Andthere’sadangeritcouldleadtopublishersfocusingtheireffortsonbooksthatare“feed-friendly”.Buttheinconvenienttruthisthattheviralityofliteraturehasledtoanuptickinbooksales.In2023,669millionphysicalbooksweresold,thehighestoverallleveleverrecorded,alongwithanincreaseofvisitstoUKlibraries.Oneoflife’s“simplestpleasures”remains“fallingintoastory”and“tuningtheworldout”,without“worryingaboutwhatsomeone’sgoingtothinkofyou”,saidDemopoulos.Enjoythestory.Manypeoplearestilldoingexactlythat,soratherthan“finger-wagging”aboutperformativereading,nexttimeyouseesomeonewithabookatacoffeeshoporthepark,justleavethemalone,because“thisisnotforyou”,they’resimply“enjoyingthemoment”.12.Whydosomepeopleengageinperformativereading?A.Topopularizebookclubs.B.Topromotereadinghabits.C.Toimprovetheirsocialimage.D.Tostresstheimportanceofliterature.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“voracious”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Slow. B.Eager. C.Selective. D.Occasional.14.Whatriskdoesturningbooksintoaccessoriescreate?A.Onlinereadingcouldtakeover.B.Physicalbooksaleswilldecline.C.Bookclubsmaybecomeexclusive.D.Meaningfulcontentmightgetsidelined.15.AccordingtoDemopoulos,thosewhoreadinpublicshouldbe.A.urgedtoreadprivatelyB.guidedtoselectbettermaterialsC.discouragedfrompostingonlineD.respectedwithoutdirectintervention【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论“表演性阅读”现象，指出人们为展示形象而读书，且社交媒体加剧此风。虽可能影响书籍质量，但也带动销量。文章最后指出应用正确的方式对待“表演性阅读”的人。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“It’sknownas“performativereading”asthe“reader”wants“everyonetoknow”theyread,wroteAlainaDemopoulosinTheGuardian.They’resignallingtheyhavethe“tasteandattentionspan”to“pickupaphysicalbook”.(AlainaDemopoulos在《卫报》上写道，这被称为“表演性阅读”，因为“阅读的人”希望“每个人都知道”他们在阅读。他们表示，他们有“品味和注意力持续时间”来“拿起一本实体书”)”可知，一些人进行“表演性阅读”是为了提升自己的社会形象，想让别人知道他们有品味和注意力来阅读一本实体书。故选C。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Andwhenreadingbecomesacompetition,with“countlessusersshowingoff”abouthavingreadmorethan35booksinasinglemonth,supposedly,qualitytakesabackseatto“demonstratingyourselftobea

voracious ‘reader’.”(当阅读成为一种竞争，“无数用户炫耀”自己在一个月里读了35本以上的书时，据说，质量让位于“展示自己是一个voracious‘读者’”)”可知，无数人炫耀自己在一个月内读了35本书以上，以此表达自己是一个求知欲强的读者。由此猜测划线词意为“有求知欲的”，与eager“热切的”意思相近。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Whatisnewisthe“uniquelyunapologetic”waysocialmedia“rubber-stamps”theideaofbooksas“anaccessory,ratherthananart”.Andthere’sadangeritcouldleadtopublishersfocusingtheireffortsonbooksthatare“feed-friendly”.(新的变化在于，社交媒体以一种“全然不加掩饰”的方式“认可”了书籍是“一种配饰而非艺术品”这一观念。而这其中存在一种风险，即可能导致出版商将精力集中在那些“适合社交平台展示”的书籍上)”可知，将书籍转变为配饰可能导致出版商将精力集中在那些“适合社交平台展示”的书籍上，即书的内容可能被忽略。由此推知，这种情况可能导致有意义的内容被边缘化。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Manypeoplearestilldoingexactlythat,soratherthan“finger-wagging”aboutperformativereading,nexttimeyouseesomeonewithabookatacoffeeshoporthepark,justleavethemalone,because“thisisnotforyou”,they’resimply“enjoyingthemoment”.(很多人仍在这样做，所以与其对“表演性阅读”指手画脚，下次在咖啡馆或公园看到有人拿着书时，就别打扰他们了，因为“这与你无关”，他们只是在“享受当下”)”推知，根据Demopoulos的观点，那些在公共场合阅读的人应该得到尊重而不是直接干预，因为“这与你无关”且他们只是在“享受当下”。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Effectivecommunicationisthekeyfactorinpreventingandsolvingmisunderstandings.Misunderstandingsshouldbeaddressedearlyontopreventthemfromgettingworse.Whetherit’satwork,inarelationship,withfamilymembers,orwithstrangers,youcanalwaysusethefollowingsetoftoolstomanagethem.____16____Makesureyoufullyunderstandtheotherperson’sperspective(观点)beforeresponding.Listeningcarefullytothemwillhelpyouidentifyanyareasofconfusionormisinterpretation.Trynottointerrupt(打断)thembeforetheyhavefinishedspeaking.Afterwards,askquestionsorrestatetheinformationtoconfirmthatyou’veunderstooditcorrectly.Trustandcommunicateopenly.Behonestinyourcommunication.Ifyourealizeyouhavemadeamistakeorcontributedtoamisunderstanding,admititandtakeresponsibilityforyouractions.____17____.Chancesaretheotherpersonisfeelingthesameasyou.Givethemtrustandtheopportunitytohearyou.Berespectfulandopen-minded.Beingwillingtoconsiderotherperspectivesandbeingopentonewinformationwillhelpyoufindcommongroundandreachasolution.Whenenteringanyconversation,alwaysacknowledgethatweallhavedifferentopinions.____18____Takeabreakandcomebacktotheconversationlater.____19____Thiswillhelpyoutorecognizewheretodrawyourboundariesandthatsometimesitispreferabletobepatientandsolveaconflictwithacalmmind.Agreetodisagree.Thereisn’talwaysacommongroundorasolutionwhenpeopledisagree.Wedon’thavetoagreeoneverything.Diversityisagiftbecauseeachofuscanbringvaluetothetablethankstothosedifferentperspectivesandopinions.____20____A.Lookforsuggestions.B.However,trynottotakeitpersonally.C.Listenactivelyandconfirmunderstanding.D.Acceptingthosedifferencesreduceshurtfromtheexperience.E.You’dbetterknowthesecommoncausesandthepossibleresults.F.Evenwhendisagreeing,respecttheotherperson’sfeelingsanddon’tbeunkind.G.Ifemotionsruntoohigh,stepawayandreturntotheconversationonceemotionssettle.【答案】16.C17.B18.F19.G20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章就如何借助有效沟通来预防误解和解决意见分歧给出了几个建议。【16题详析】本段为第一个解决误解的方法，下文“Makesureyoufullyunderstandtheotherperson’sperspectivebeforeresponding.Listeningcarefullytothemwillhelpyouidentifyanyareasofconfusionormisinterpretation...Afterwards,askquestionsorrestatetheinformationtoconfirmthatyou’veunderstooditcorrectly.(在回应之前，确保你完全理解对方的观点。认真倾听有助于你找出困惑或误解的地方……之后，通过提问或重述信息来确认你理解正确。)”围绕“倾听”和“确认理解”展开具体说明。需要一句点明该段核心方法的总起句。选项C“积极倾听并确认理解。”概括了下文“认真倾听和确认理解”的核心内容，作为段落主题句，完美统领全段内容。故选C。【17题详析】本段主题为“Trustandcommunicateopenly.(信任并坦诚沟通。)”，上文“Behonestinyourcommunication.Ifyourealizeyouhavemadeamistakeorcontributedtoamisunderstanding,admititandtakeresponsibilityforyouractions.(沟通时要诚实。如果你意识到自己犯了错或导致了误解，要承认错误并为自己的行为负责。)”强调坦诚认错的重要性；下文“Chancesaretheotherpersonisfeelingthesameasyou.Givethemtrustandtheopportunitytohearyou.(对方很可能和你有同样的感受。给予他们信任，也给他们倾听你的机会。)”建议信任对方并给予表达空间。需要一句衔接“自身坦诚”与“信任对方”，且缓解沟通顾虑的句子。选项B“不过，尽量不要把事情个人化。”承接上文“主动认错”可能带来的心理负担，提醒不要过度纠结个人对错，进而自然引出下文“相信对方也有同感并给予表达机会”的建议，让坦诚沟通的逻辑更顺畅。故选B。【18题详析】本段主题为“Berespectfulandopen-minded.(尊重他人，保持开放心态。)”，上文“Beingwillingtoconsiderotherperspectivesandbeingopentonewinformationwillhelpyoufindcommongroundandreachasolution.Whenenteringanyconversation,alwaysacknowledgethatweallhavedifferentopinions.(愿意考虑他人观点、接纳新信息，将帮助你找到共同点并达成解决方案。在开始任何对话时，都要承认我们每个人都有不同的观点。)”强调要认可观点差异并保持开放。需要一句承接“认可差异”，且体现“尊重差异”具体做法的句子。选项F“即使存在分歧，也要尊重对方的感受，不要出言不逊。”直接呼应段落主题“尊重”，针对上文提到的“不同观点”，明确了“分歧时尊重对方感受”的具体行为准则，让“开放包容”的建议更具操作性。故选F。【19题详析】本段主题为“Takeabreakandcomebacktotheconversationlater.(暂停对话，之后再回来沟通。)”，下文“Thiswillhelpyoutorecognizewheretodrawyourboundariesandthatsometimesitispreferabletobepatientandsolveaconflictwithacalmmind.(这将帮助你明确自己的底线，也让你意识到，有时耐心一点、以冷静的心态解决冲突会更好。)”说明暂停对话的好处。需要一句点明“何时暂停”及“暂停做法”的句子。选项G“如果情绪过于激动，就先离开，等情绪平复后再回来沟通。”直接解释了“暂停对话”的前提条件（情绪激动）和具体做法（离开待平复后返回），“This”恰好指代选项中的做法，与下文暂停的好处形成完美呼应。故选G。【20题详析】本段主题为“Agreetodisagree.(接受分歧。)”，上文“Thereisn’talwaysacommongroundorasolutionwhenpeopledisagree.Wedon’thavetoagreeoneverything.Diversityisagiftbecauseeachofuscanbringvaluetothetablethankstothosedifferentperspectivesandopinions.(当人们存在分歧时，并不总能找到共同点或解决方案。我们不必在所有事情上都达成一致。多样性是一份礼物，因为正是这些不同的观点和看法，让我们每个人都能贡献自己的价值。)”强调分歧的常态性和多样性的价值。需要一句承接“认可多样性”，且说明接受差异带来的积极影响的句子。选项D“接受这些差异可以减少这段经历带来的伤害。”呼应上文“多样性是礼物”的观点，点明了“接受分歧”的具体益处，作为段落结尾，让“接受分歧”的建议更具说服力。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mysonistidyingthelivingroomwithproperattention.Thishasneverhappenedbeforeandhe’sdoingitallwitha____21____onhisface.Heistobe____22____fortheseexercises,butwhatreallydelightshimisthatthismoneywillfundhis____23____inBreakTheRulesDay.Wefirstbecame____24____ofthisfundraisingeventforhisschoolwhenhestartedtalkingaboutitlastweek.This,initself,wasextremely____25____,sincemysonusuallyrefusestorevealanythingthat____26____between9and3:30unlessmedicallynecessary.BreakTheRulesDaywasclearly,____27____,somethingworthgettingexcitedabout.Whentheletterfromschoolarrived,we____28____why.Itreadlikeamenu,listingalltherulesheandhisclassmateswouldbe____29____tobreak,11inall,eachpricedat50p.Someofthe_____30_____itemsweresospecificthattheycastastrangenew_____31_____ontheusualdo’sanddon’tsofclassroomlife,like“Choosewhereyousit”or“Wearacapinclass”.Mysonhadtickedeverysingle_____32_____once—somewithsuch_____33_____thathe’dverynearlytornthroughthepaperwithhispen.Thismakeshissuddenwillingnesstodochoresimmediately_____34_____.Asmysonbusieshimself,Iremindhimto_____35_____hisuniforminthelaundrybasket(洗衣篮).“What’sthelaundrybasket?”comeshischeerful,anddefinite,reply.21.A.tear B.mask C.smile D.shadow22.A.punished B.paid C.tested D.praised23.A.participation B.project C.research D.education24.A.proud B.cautious C.aware D.tired25.A.moving B.lucky C.annoying D.new26.A.standsout B.goeson C.catchesup D.pullsthrough27.A.therefore B.besides C.instead D.still28.A.wondered B.explained C.learned D.examined29.A.forbidden B.encouraged C.required D.allowed30.A.listed B.donated C.removed D.invented31.A.spell B.vote C.doubt D.light32.A.word B.item C.deadline D.role33.A.case B.care C.way D.force34.A.doubtful B.acceptable C.surprising D.understandable35.A.hide B.place C.adjust D.recycle【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.C29.D30.A31.D32.B33.D34.D35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了平时不爱做家务的儿子，为了筹集参与学校“打破规则日”的费用，主动认真地打扫客厅，脸上还带着笑容。作者通过儿子主动分享学校活动、认真勾选可打破的规则等细节，展现了孩子对该活动的热情。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这事儿以前从没发生过，而且他做这一切时脸上还带着笑容。A.tear眼泪；B.mask面具；C.smile笑容；D.shadow阴影。根据下文“whatreallydelightshim”以及文章结尾“comeshischeerful,anddefinite,reply”可知，儿子因有动力而心情愉悦，脸上应带着“笑容”，与“cheerful”呼应，故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他做这些家务会得到报酬，但真正让他高兴的是，这笔钱将用来支付他参加“打破规则日”的费用。A.punished惩罚；B.paid支付报酬；C.tested测试；D.praised表扬。根据下文“thismoneywillfund”可知，儿子做家务能获得“报酬”，这笔钱用于筹款，故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他做这些家务会得到报酬，但真正让他高兴的是，这笔钱将用来支付他参加“打破规则日”的费用。A.participation参与；B.project项目；C.research研究；D.education教育。根据下文“thisfundraisingeventforhisschool”以及“listingalltherulesheandhisclassmateswouldbetobreak”可知，儿子筹款是为了“参与”学校的这个活动，“participationin”为固定搭配，意为“参与……”，故选A。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上周他开始说起这个学校筹款活动时，我们才第一次知道这件事。A.proud骄傲的；B.cautious谨慎的；C.aware知道的；D.tired疲惫的。根据上文“whenhestartedtalkingaboutitlastweek”可知，儿子提及后作者才“知道”这个活动，“becomeawareof”为固定搭配，意为“知道，意识到”，故选C。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本身就非常新奇，因为我儿子通常除非有健康问题，否则绝不会透露上午9点到下午3点半在学校发生的任何事情。A.moving感人的；B.lucky幸运的；C.annoying烦人的；D.new新奇的。根据下文“sincemysonusuallyrefusestorevealanything”可知，儿子平时不透露学校的事，这次主动提及，对作者来说很“新奇”，故选D。【26题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这本身就非常新奇，因为我儿子通常除非有健康问题，否则绝不会透露上午9点到下午3点半在学校发生的任何事情。A.standsout突出；B.goeson发生；C.catchesup追上；D.pullsthrough渡过难关。根据“between9and3:30”（学校上课时间）可知，此处指学校里“发生”的事情，故选B。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，“打破规则日”显然是一件值得兴奋的事。A.therefore因此；B.besides此外；C.instead反而；D.still然而。根据上文儿子通常不透露学校事，此处却因“打破规则日”而主动提及，因此这是一件值得兴奋的事。前后为因果关系，故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当学校的信寄来时，我们就明白了原因。A.wondered想知道；B.explained解释；C.learned了解，明白；D.examined检查。根据下文信里的内容“listingalltherules”可知，作者通过信件“明白”了儿子兴奋的原因，故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：信的内容像一份清单，列出了他和同学们被允许打破的所有规则，一共11条，每条50便士。A.forbidden禁止；B.encouraged鼓励；C.required要求；D.allowed允许。根据上文“BreakTheRulesDay”可知，这个活动中学生是被“允许”打破规则的，故选D。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：清单上的一些条目非常具体，这让课堂上通常的“可以做”和“不可以做”有了全新的解读，比如“自选座位”或“上课戴帽子”。A.listed列出的；B.donated捐赠的；C.removed移除的；D.invented发明的。根据上文“Itreadlikeamenu,listingalltherules”可知，此处指清单上“列出的”条目，与“listing”呼应，故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：清单上的一些条目非常具体，这让课堂上通常的“可以做”和“不可以做”有了全新的解读，比如“自选座位”或“上课戴帽子”。A.spell拼写；B.vote投票；C.doubt怀疑；D.light解读，角度。根据“like“Choosewhereyousit”or“Wearacapinclass”可知，这些被允许打破的规则让平时的规定有了新“解读”，“castanewlighton”为固定搭配，意为“使……有新的认识/解读”，故选D。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子把每一项都勾选了——有些勾得太用力，差点用笔把纸戳破。A.word单词；B.item条目；C.deadline截止日期；D.role角色。根据上文“Someoftheitems”可知，儿子勾选的是清单上的每一个“条目”，与“items”呼应，故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子把每一项都勾选了——有些勾得太用力，差点用笔把纸戳破。A.case情况；B.care关心；C.way方式；D.force力气。根据下文“he’dverynearlytornthroughthepaperwithhispen”可知，儿子勾选时用了很大“力气”，故选D。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就让他突然愿意做家务的行为变得完全可以理解了。A.doubtful可疑的；B.acceptable可接受的；C.surprising令人惊讶的；D.understandable可理解的。根据上文儿子为了筹款参与活动而勾选所有条目，及上文“Thismakeshissuddenwillingnesstodochores”可知，他主动做家务是为了赚钱，这个行为就“可理解”了，故选D。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：儿子忙着