山东省枣庄市薛城区2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省枣庄市薛城区2025-2026学年高二上学期期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,foodpricesincreasedby0.4%fromMarchtoApril2024.AndsinceApril2023,theyareupasharp3.4%.Tofightinflation(通货膨胀)andhelpshopperssavemoney,Targetannouncedthatitwillbecuttingcostsonessentialitemsthroughoutthesummer.Whichproductswillseelowerprices?Target’spricereductionswillhit5,000itemsinkeydepartments,includinggroceriesandhouseholdessentials.Accordingtothecompany’spressrelease,groceryitemssuchasmilk,meat,freshproduce,yogurt,andcoffeewillseedecreasedpricing.Additionally,Targetwillreducepricesonhouseholdessentialssuchasbabyoil,papertowelsandfeedingbottles.HowmuchisTargetloweringprices?Targetisnotofferingflat-rateoracross-the-boardpricecuts,whichmeansnewpricingisspecifictoeachitemandnotbasedonacertainpercentage.AccordingtothelistedpricesinTargetstoresandonline,decreaseswillbebetween20centsand$1.Forexample,abagofGood&GatherRoastedNutsdroppedfrom$6.89to$5.99,andapackageofPurinaCatFoodwentfrom$2.39to$1.99.Willthiscontinuebeyondsummer?WhileTargetisadvertisingthesepricecutsasameanstohelpshopperssavethissummer,thesedealswillcontinueafterAugust.ATargetrepresentativehasconfirmedthatthesearetheneweverydaylowprices,whichwillhelpoutshoppers’walletsformanyseasonstocome.Whatelsedoshoppersneedtoknow?WhilethereareplentyofTargetsavingshacks(妙招),oneofthebestistakingadvantageofTargetCircledeals.Shopperscansaveanextra5%ontheirpurchasesiftheypayusingtheTargetCircleCard.1.WheremayweseethepricecutsinTarget?A.BabyCareSection. B.ToyLandSection.C.OutdoorLivingSection. D.OfficeSuppliesSection.2.WhichpartexplainsthetimingoftheTargetpricecuts?A.Willthiscontinuebeyondsummer? B.HowmuchisTargetloweringprices?C.Whatelsedoshoppersneedtoknow? D.Whichproductswillseelowerprices?3.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.TosaveTarget. B.Topromoteluxuries.C.Tofightinflation. D.Toinformcustomers.【答案】1.A2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。Target宣布将在整个夏天下调必需品价格，本文主要讲述了有关降价方面的一些信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“Whichproductswillseelowerprices?”下面的“Accordingtothecompany’spressrelease,groceryitemssuchasmilk,meat,freshproduce,yogurt,andcoffeewillseedecreasedpricing.Additionally,Targetwillreducepricesonhouseholdessentialssuchasbabyoil,papertowelsandfeedingbottles.(根据该公司的新闻稿，牛奶、肉类、新鲜农产品、酸奶和咖啡等食品杂货将降价。此外，Target将降低婴儿油、纸巾和奶瓶等家庭必需品的价格。)”可知，婴儿油等婴儿护理用品会降价。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“Willthiscontinuebeyondsummer?”下面的“WhileTargetisadvertisingthesepricecutsasameanstohelpshopperssavethissummer,thesedealswillcontinueafterAugust.ATargetrepresentativehasconfirmedthatthesearetheneweverydaylowprices,whichwillhelpoutshoppers’walletsformanyseasonstocome.(虽然Target正在宣传这些降价措施，以帮助购物者在今年夏天省钱，但这些交易将在8月后继续进行。Target的一位代表证实，这些是新的日常低价，这将在未来许多季节帮助购物者的钱包。)”可知，在“Willthiscontinuebeyondsummer?”部分，回答了有关降价时间的相关问题。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Tofightinflation(通货膨胀)andhelpshopperssavemoney,Targetannouncedthatitwillbecuttingcostsonessentialitemsthroughoutthesummer.(为了对抗通货膨胀并帮助购物者省钱，Target宣布将在整个夏天削减必需品的价格。)”并结合下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了Target宣布在夏天下调必需品价格的消息，并介绍了降价产品、降价幅度、降价时间、省钱妙招等方面的信息，目的是告知消费者情况。故选D。BIhavealwaysbeenpassionateaboutart,butwithchildrentofeedandeducate,pursuingitseemedimpossible.At83,Ifinallyregisteredforartschool.Bornin1933,Iledalifemarkedbyfamilystrugglesbutalsoresilience(适应力).Istudiedmechanicalengineeringandlatermanagement,becominganassociateprofessoratbusinessschool,whereInowholdemeritus(荣誉退休的)status.Abouttenyearsago,aftermywifefellillwithAlzheimer’sandrequiredcare,Iturnedtopainting.Determinedtotakethisnewpathseriously,IappliedtoanartprogrammeinBarcelona,insistingonpaintingdespiteadvicetostudyarthistory.Balancingmystudieswithwork,ittookmesevenyearstocompletethefour-yearcourse,graduatinglastyearattheageof90.Returningtoschoolwasachallenge;everythinghadchangedsincemyearliereducation.Mostofmyclassmateswereintheir20s,buttheywelcomedmewarmly,oftenseekingmyadviceduetomylifeexperience.Iencounteredsomeresistancefromacoupleofteachersearlyon,butIkeptgoing.Thefirsttwoyearsfocusedonflowers,stilllifes,andlandscapes,beforeweexploredabstraction,whichIenjoymost.Ibelievethattalentcomesfromhardwork;sometimesIfeelstuck,butIpushthrough.MyartisticinfluencesincludeSpanishpainterslikeFranciscodeZurbaránandJoaquínSorolla,andwhileIappreciatebeauty,Ivaluegoodnessandtruthevenmore.Icreateabstractlandscapesfrommemory,expressingmyemotionsthroughcolour.Ipaintprimarilyonweekendsandduringholidays.WhileIdon’tplantoexhibitextensively,myworkwasdisplayedinasmallvillageforsixmonths,thoughitreceivedlittleattention.Afteralifetimeinengineeringandeducation,Imaynotfullyidentifyasanartist,butInowhavetherecognitionthatsupportsmyjourneyintoart.4.Whydidtheauthordecidetopursueartat83?A.TofindcuresforAlzheimer’s. B.Tochangehiscareerpath.C.Topursuehispassionforart. D.Tosupporthisbigfamily.5.Howdidtheauthor’sclassmatesreacttohim?A.Theyenjoyedhiscompany. B.Theytendedtoignorehim.C.Theyinspiredhimtogoon. D.Theyresistedhispresence.6.Whichbestdescribestheauthor’sartjourney?A.Eventful. B.Romantic. C.Casual. D.Challenging.7.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheStruggleofOldArtists. B.FromEngineeringtoArt.C.TheValueofArtEducation. D.ALifetimeofArtPursuit.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在83岁高龄追求自己喜欢的艺术的经历。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ihavealwaysbeenpassionateaboutart,butwithchildrentofeedandeducate,pursuingitseemedimpossible.At83,Ifinallyregisteredforartschool.(我一直对艺术充满热情，但有孩子要养活和教育，追求艺术似乎是不可能的。83岁时，我终于报名了艺术学校。)”可知，作者对艺术充满热情，所以在83岁时报名了艺术学校，想要追求自己的艺术热情。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Mostofmyclassmateswereintheir20s,buttheywelcomedmewarmly,oftenseekingmyadviceduetomylifeexperience.(我的大多数同学都是20多岁，但他们热情地欢迎我，经常因为我的生活经历而寻求我的建议。)”可知，作者的同学欢迎作者，还寻求作者的建议，由此推测出，他们喜欢作者的陪伴。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Balancingmystudieswithwork,ittookmesevenyearstocompletethefour-yearcourse,graduatinglastyearattheageof90.(平衡我的学习和工作，我花了七年时间完成了四年的课程，去年90岁毕业。)”、第三段中的“Returningtoschoolwasachallenge;everythinghadchangedsincemyearliereducation.(重返校园是一个挑战；自从我早期接受教育以来，一切都变了。)”和“Iencounteredsomeresistancefromacoupleofteachersearlyon,butIkeptgoing.(我早些时候遇到了几位老师的阻力，但我还是坚持了下来。)”、第四段中的“Ibelievethattalentcomesfromhardwork;sometimesIfeelstuck,butIpushthrough.(我相信才华来自努力工作；有时候我觉得被困住了，但我坚持了下来。)”可知，作者由于要平衡学习和工作，花了七年时间才学完四年的课程，在学校的时候作者遇到了一些挑战，但作者都坚持下来了，由此可推出，作者的艺术学习之旅充满了挑战。故选D。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“At83,Ifinallyregisteredforartschool.(83岁时，我终于注册了艺术学校。)”和“Istudiedmechanicalengineeringandlatermanagement,becominganassociateprofessoratbusinessschool,whereInowholdemeritus(荣誉退休的)status.(我学习了机械工程，后来学习了管理，成为商学院的副教授，现在我在那里享有荣誉退休的地位。)”以及最后一段“Afteralifetimeinengineeringandeducation,Imaynotfullyidentifyasanartist,butInowhavetherecognitionthatsupportsmyjourneyintoart.(在工程和教育领域度过一生后，我可能不会完全认同自己是一名艺术家，但我现在得到了支持我艺术之旅的认可。)”可知，全文核心是作者从机械工程领域（mechanicalengineering）转向艺术学习（journeyintoart）的历程。B项（从工程到艺术）适合作本文标题。故选B。CThesunandthesea,bothrichandfree,areusedinauniqueprojecttocreateverticalseafarms(垂直海洋农场)floatingontheoceanthatcanproducefreshwaterfordrinkingandagriculture.ProfessorHaolanXuandDrGaryOwensfromUniSA’sFutureIndustriesInstitutehavedevelopedtheverticalfloatingseafarmwhichismadeupoftworooms:anupperroomsimilartoaglasshouseandalowerwaterharvestroom.DrOwenssays,“Cleanwaterissuppliedbyanarrayofsolarevaporators(太阳能蒸发器)thatcantakeintheseawater,collectthesaltand,underthesun’srays,freecleanwatervapor(水蒸气)intotheair,whichthenchangesintowaterandispassedtotheplantgrowthroom.”“Otherdesignshavelocatedevaporatorsinsidethegrowthroom,whichtakeupvaluablespacethatcouldotherwisebeusedforplantgrowth.Also,thesesystemsareeasytocauseoverheatingandcropdeath,”ProfessorXusays.“Inourdesign,theverticalevaporatorsandthegrowthroomdecreasethedevice’soverallfootprint.Besides,itisoperatedmostlybymachineandhasalowcost,usingonlysolarenergyandseawatertoproducecleanwaterandgrowcrops.”Freshwateraccountsforjust2.5%oftheworld’swaterandmostofthisisnotaccessiblebecauseit’sstuckinglaciers,icecapsorisdeepunderground.TheUnitedNationsestimatesthatby2050,about2.4billionpeoplearelikelytoexperiencewatershortages.Inthesameperiod,theglobalsupplyofwaterforagricultureisexpectedtodecreasebyaround19%.However,theresearchershaveshownthattherecycledwaterproducedinthiswayispureenoughtodrinkandhasalowersaltcontentthanWHOguidelinesfordrinkingwater.DrOwenssaystheirdesignisonlyattheproof-of-conceptstage,butafteritisprovedtobeasuccess,theirnextstepistorampitupthroughasetofindividualdevicestomeetlargerwatersupplyneeds.“Seawaterisanobvioussolutiontothegrowingglobalshortagesofwater,food,andagriculturalland,”DrOwensadds.8.Whatdosolarevaporatorsontheverticalseafarmdo?A.Trapwatervaporfromtheseasurface.B.Limitthetemperatureofthegrowthroom.C.Pushwatertothelowerharvestroom.D.Removesaltfromseawaterunderthesun.9.Whatisanadvantageofthenewdesign?A.Itcanstoremuchmoreextrasolarenergy.B.Itenablesahighoutputofcrops.C.Itallowsformorespaceforplantgrowth.D.Itcanruncontinuouslyforlong.10.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodowiththefiguresinParagraph4?A.Revealthelackofundergroundwater.B.Stresstheseriousnessofwatershortage.C.UnfoldthedetailsofWHOguidelines.D.Emphasizethewidespreadofseawater.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“rampitup”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Increasethesizeofthefarm.B.Buildastrictwater-savingsystem.C.Reducethecostofthefarm.D.Havemorepeopleknowthefarm.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了南澳大学未来工业研究所的教授HaolanXu和DrGaryOwens开发的一种垂直浮动海洋农场，这种农场利用太阳能蒸发器从海水中提取淡水，用于饮用和农业种植，同时解决了传统设计中空间利用不足和作物过热的问题。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“DrOwenssays,“Cleanwaterissuppliedbyanarrayofsolarevaporators(太阳能蒸发器)thatcantakeintheseawater,collectthesaltand,underthesun’srays,freecleanwatervapor(水蒸气)intotheair,whichthenchangesintowaterandispassedtotheplantgrowthroom.”(欧文斯博士说：“清洁水由一系列太阳能蒸发器提供，这些蒸发器可以吸收海水，收集盐分，并在阳光照射下将清洁的水蒸气释放到空气中，然后水蒸气变成水，传递到植物生长室。”)”可知，太阳能蒸发器的作用是在阳光下从海水中去除盐分并释放清洁的水蒸气。故选D项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““Otherdesignshavelocatedevaporatorsinsidethegrowthroom,whichtakeupvaluablespacethatcouldotherwisebeusedforplantgrowth.Also,thesesystemsareeasytocauseoverheatingandcropdeath,”ProfessorXusays.“Inourdesign,theverticalevaporatorsandthegrowthroomdecreasethedevice’soverallfootprint.(其他设计将蒸发器放置在生长室内，占用了本可用于植物生长的宝贵空间。此外，这些系统容易导致过热和作物死亡，”徐教授说。“在我们的设计中，垂直蒸发器和生长室减少了设备的整体占地面积)”可知，新设计的优势在于通过垂直蒸发器和生长室的布局，腾出了更多植物生长的空间。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Freshwateraccountsforjust2.5%oftheworld’swaterandmostofthisisnotaccessiblebecauseit’sstuckinglaciers,icecapsorisdeepunderground.TheUnitedNationsestimatesthatby2050,about2.4billionpeoplearelikelytoexperiencewatershortages.Inthesameperiod,theglobalsupplyofwaterforagricultureisexpectedtodecreasebyaround19%.(淡水仅占世界水资源的2.5%，其中大部分无法获取，因为它被困在冰川、冰盖或地下深处。联合国估计，到2050年，大约24亿人可能会经历水资源短缺。在同一时期，全球农业用水供应预计将减少约19%)”可知，作者通过列举数据强调了水资源短缺的严重性。故选B项。【11题详析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段“DrOwenssaystheirdesignisonlyattheproof-of-conceptstage,butafteritisprovedtobeasuccess,theirnextstepistorampitupthroughasetofindividualdevicestomeetlargerwatersupplyneeds.(Owens博士说，他们的设计还处于概念验证阶段，但在证明成功后，他们的下一步是通过一系列单独的装置来rampitup，以满足更大的供水需求)”可知，设计还出于概念验证阶段，证明成功后会扩大规模，以满足更大的供水需求。由此猜测“rampitup”的意思是扩大垂直海洋农场的规模。故选A项。DCaliforniaresearchersdevelopedagloveembeddedwithelectronicsensorsthatcantranslateAmericanSignLanguage(ASL)intoEnglishinrealtimethroughanapponyoursmartphone.Unlikeitspastcounterparts,thenewgloveislightweight,inexpensiveandlong-lasting.Thedevicecouldhelpremovecommunicationbarriersbetweensignersandnon-signers.Hopefully,thismayopenupaneasywayforpeoplewhousesignlanguagetocommunicatedirectlywithnon-signerswithoutneedingsomeoneelsetotranslateforthem.TheteamworkedwithfourpeoplewhoaredeafanduseASLandhadthemrepeatgesturesupto15timeswhilewearingtheglove-likedevice,simultaneouslyteachingamachinehowtorecognizethem.Theglovehasthin,stretchablesensorsmadefrom“electricallyconductingyarns”thatrunupeachfingerandconvertthemovementsintosignals.Thesesignalsaresenttoa“dollar-coin-sized”circuitboardplacedontheperson’swrist,whichthenwirelesslytransfersthemovertoasmartphone.Thesystemwasabletorecognize660handmotionsandfingerplacementsthatstandforeachletterintheEnglishalphabet,differentphrasesandeachnumber.Thealgorithm(计算程序)recognizedthecorrectsignsabout99%ofthetime,andinlessthanonesecond—oraboutatonewordpersecond.Theresearchersalsoplacedsensorsinbetweentheparticipantseyebrowsandonthesidesoftheirmouthsto“capturefacialexpressionsthatareapartofASL”.Thesameexacthand-shapeandmovementcantotallychangemeaningbecauseofthefacialexpressionthatisusedtoaccompanyit.TakethewordMUCH.Thedegreeofhowmuchcantotallybedeterminedbythefacialexpressionalonewhilethesignstaysthesame.Researcherssaidtheglovewouldneedtolearnmorevocabularyandbeabletotranslatesignsfasterinordertogetacommercialversionofitinstores.12.Whoarethemaintargetusersofthenewglove?A.Translators. B.Foreignteachers.C.Signlanguageusers. D.Englishlearners.13.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Wherethenewglovewasused. B.Whythenewglovewasinvented.C.Whatmakesthenewglovepopular. D.Howthenewgloveworks.14.Howdoresearchersimprovetheglove’scorrectnessofrecognition?A.Bycatchingfacialexpressionsoftheparticipants.B.Bylengtheningthetimeofcatchinggestures.C.Byupdatingthealgorithmofthesmartphone.D.Byinputtingmorelecternandwordsofdifferentlanguages.15.Whatwillresearchersdowiththegloveinthefutureaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Makeitusefulforeveryone. B.Improveitsperformance.C.Extenditsservicelife. D.Beautifyitsoutlook.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型手套，该手套由加州研究人员开发，内置传感器，能通过智能手机应用把美国手语实时翻译，促进手语与非手语使用者间的沟通。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thedevicecouldhelpremovecommunicationbarriersbetweensignersandnon-signers.Hopefully,thismayopenupaneasywayforpeoplewhousesignlanguagetocommunicatedirectlywithnon-signerswithoutneedingsomeoneelsetotranslateforthem.(该设备可以帮助消除签名者和非签名者之间的沟通障碍。希望这能为使用手语的人与不使用手语的人直接交流开辟一条简单的途径，而不需要别人为他们翻译。)”可知，该设备能为使用手语的人与不使用手语的人直接交流开辟一条简单的途径，由此可知，这款新手套是为手语使用者设计的。故选C项。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Theglovehasthin,stretchablesensorsmadefrom“electricallyconductingyarns”thatrunupeachfingerandconvertthemovementsintosignals.Thesesignalsaresenttoa“dollar-coin-sized”circuitboardplacedontheperson’swrist,whichthenwirelesslytransfersthemovertoasmartphone.(这款手套有细长的可伸缩传感器，由“导电纱线”制成，每个手指上都有传感器，可以将动作转化为信号。这些信号被发送到放置在人手腕上的“一美元硬币大小”的电路板上，然后该电路板将信号无线传输到智能手机上。)”可知，这款手套上的传感器可以将动作转化为信号，这些信号发送到电路板上，然后电路板将信号无线传输到智能手机上，由此可知，本段主要介绍了这款新手套的工作原理。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Theresearchersalsoplacedsensorsinbetweentheparticipantseyebrowsandonthesidesoftheirmouthsto“capturefacialexpressionsthatareapartofASL”.Thesameexacthand-shapeandmovementcantotallychangemeaningbecauseofthefacialexpressionthatisusedtoaccompanyit.”.(研究人员还在参与者的眉毛之间和嘴侧放置了传感器，以“捕捉作为美国手语一部分的面部表情”。同样的手的形状和动作可以完全改变意思，因为伴随着它的面部表情。)”可知，研究人员将眉毛和嘴侧放置传感器，这样来捕捉作为手语一部分的面部表情，这样做的目的是提高手套的识别准确性，由此可知，研究人员通过从更多角度捕捉手语的信息来提高手套的识别准确性。故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researcherssaidtheglovewouldneedtolearnmorevocabularyandbeabletotranslatesignsfasterinordertogetacommercialversionofitinstores.(研究人员表示，这款手套需要学习更多的词汇，并能够更快地翻译手语，以便在商店中获得商业版本。)”可知，研究者认为这款手套还需要学习更多的词汇，以便更快地翻译手语，以便能早日推广，由此可知，在未来，研究人员将进一步提高这款手套的性能。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容.从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Maybeyouareprobablygettinganearful(训斥)fromyourinnervoice.___16___.Hereareseveralwaystochangeyourself-talkscriptandtouseyourinnervoicestoperformbetter.ListencriticallytoyourinnercriticInhigh-pressuresituations,self-talkisoftencritical.Insteadofthinkingdeliberatelyandlogically,ourinnervoicesarecausedbyemotion.Thatinfluenceseverythingfromhowwetalktoourselvestoourbehaviors.___17___.Andwhenyourinnervoicesstarttofillwithwordsoffrustrationanddiscouragement,pausetheconversationasyouconsiderwaystochangeit.CreatepsychologicaldistancefromyourselfOneeffectivewaytomanagestressistocreatepsychologicaldistance.Thiscanbeachievedbyusingsecond-orthird-personpronounswhenreferringtothesituation.Askingyourself,“Whyareyoufeelingsostressed?”isonewaytocreatethepsychologicaldistanceyouneedtoregulateemotion.___18___.Fityourconversationtoyourgoal___19___.Instructionalself-talklike“shouldersback”or“keeptheleftarmstraight”workstoimprovetechnique.Motivationalself-talksuchas“you’vegotthis”or“keepgoing”canhelpwithconfidence,strength,orendurance.It’simportanttobeawareofthetypeofself-talkyouareusingandmakesureitalignswithyourgoalsandneeds.___20___Demeaningornegativeself-talkisonlygoingtoincreaseyourstressandholdyouback.Instead,speakcompassionatelytoyourself—justasyouwouldtoafriend.Recreatenegativemessagestoincludepositivecontent.“Iamnotgoodatthis.”canbechangedto“Relax.Youarepreparedforthis.”“Idon’tknowwhattosay.”canbereplacedby“Remembertosmileandaskgoodquestions.”A.TreatyourselfasafriendB.MakeasmanyfriendsaspossibleC.UsinginstructionallanguageisappropriateD.Differenttypesofself-talkworkbestforspecificgoalsE.SoyourfirststepistolistencriticallytowhatyouaresayingtoyourselfF.Often,negativecommentsinyourheadmakeitdifficultforyoutosucceedG.Thiswayyoumightfindyourtaskaninterestingchallengeinsteadofathreat【答案】16.F17.E18.G19.D20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种帮助改善自我对话进而提升个人表现的方法，旨在引导学生注重与自我的沟通，从而更好地实现自己的目标。【16题详析】根据空前句“Maybeyouareprobablygettinganearful(训斥)fromyourinnervoice.(也许你可能听到了内心训斥的声音)”提到你可能从内心的声音中听到了长时间的数落；空后“Hereareseveralwaystochangeyourself-talkscriptandtouseyourinnervoicestoperformbetter.(这里有几个方法来改变你的自我对话脚本，用你内心的声音来表现得更好。)”可知，这里有几种方法可以改变你的自我对话脚本，并利用你的内心声音让你表现得更好。设空处位于段中，应承上启下。F项中的“negativecommentsinyourhead”与空前句中的“anearfulfromyourinnervoice”相呼应，且其中的“makeitdifficultforyoutosucceed”与空后句中的“performbetter”相呼应。因此，F选项“Often,negativecommentsinyourheadmakeitdifficultforyoutosucceed(通常，你头脑中的负面评论会让你很难成功)”衔接上下文。故选F。【17题详析】根据后文“Andwhenyourinnervoicesstarttofillwithwordsoffrustrationanddiscouragement,pausetheconversationasyouconsiderwaystochangeit.(当你内心的声音开始充满沮丧和沮丧时，暂停谈话，考虑改变它的方法)”中提取的关系词“And”可知，设空处与空后句构成并列关系。空前句“Inhigh-pressuresituations,self-talkisoftencritical.Insteadofthinkingdeliberatelyandlogically,ourinnervoicesarecausedbyemotion.Thatinfluenceseverythingfromhowwetalktoourselvestoourbehaviors.(在压力很大的情况下，自言自语往往是至关重要的。我们内心的声音是由情感引起的，而不是有意识地、合乎逻辑地思考。这影响了从我们如何自言自语到我们的行为)”与内心的声音的消极影响相关，空后句与应对内心的声音的做法有关。根据设空处与空后句的并列关系可知，设空处锁定在E项。E项还与空前句构成因果关系，且该项中的“critically”是对小标题中的“critically”和段首句中的“critical”的原词及同根词复现。E选项“Soyourfirststepistolistencriticallytowhatyouaresayingtoyourself(因此，你的第一步是批判性地倾听你对自己说的话)”符合语境。故选E。【18题详析】根据空前内容“Oneeffectivewaytomanagestressistocreatepsychologicaldistance.Thiscanbeachievedbyusingsecond-orthird-personpronounswhenreferringtothesituation.Askingyourself,“Whyareyoufeelingsostressed?”isonewaytocreatethepsychologicaldistanceyouneedtoregulateemotion.(管理压力的一个有效方法是创造心理距离。这可以通过使用第二人称或第三人称代词来实现。问自己：“为什么你感到这么有压力?”是一种创造心理距离的方法，你需要这种距离来调节情绪)”提到应对压力的一个有效方法是创造心理距离，并举例说明“问自己‘为什么你感到压力如此之大？’”是一种创造调节情绪所需的心理距离的方法。因此，设空处位于段尾，应能承接上文，与空前句提到的创造心理距离的方法相关，G选项“Thiswayyoumightfindyourtaskaninterestingchallengeinsteadofathreat(这样你会发现你的任务是一个有趣的挑战而不是威胁)”说明了使用该方法的好处，且其中的“Thisway”指代的正是空前句中的“Askingyourself,“Whyareyoufeelingsostressed?””。故选G。【19题详析】根据本段小标题“Fityourconversationtoyourgoal(让你的对话符合你的目标)”可知，本段内容与不同自我对话类型和目标之间的联系相关。因此，设空处也应与此相关，故将答案锁定在D选项“Differenttypesofself-talkworkbestforspecificgoals(不同类型的自言自语对特定的目标效果最好)”，其中的“goals”是对小标题中的“goal”的同词复现。故选D。【20题详析】根据本段内容“Demeaningornegativeself-talkisonlygoingtoincreaseyourstressandholdyouback.Instead,speakcompassionatelytoyourself—justasyouwouldtoafriend.Recreatenegativemessagestoincludepositivecontent.“Iamnotgoodatthis.”canbechangedto“Relax.Youarepreparedforthis.”“Idon’tknowwhattosay.”canbereplacedby“Remembertosmileandaskgoodquestions.”(贬低或消极的自言自语只会增加你的压力，阻碍你前进。相反，你应该同情地对自己说话——就像对朋友说话一样。重新创造负面信息以包含积极内容。“我不擅长这个。可以改成“放轻松。”你已经准备好了。”“我不知道该说什么。可以用“记得微笑，问好问题”来代替)”可知，本段建议人们不要进行贬低性的或消极的自我对话，而要像对待朋友那样对自己说积极的话，A选项“Treatyourselfasafriend(把自己当成朋友)”能很好地概括本段主旨。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ManuelVera,aretireeinSilverSpring,hadnoideahiseffortswouldgothisfar.Atfirst,he___21___soughttohelphisneighborsstayphysicallyactivebyofferingto___22___theirbikesforfree.Allheaskedwasthecostofnewparts.Later,hestartedthinkingabouttheunusedbikespeoplehadathomeand___23___neighborstodonatethosecollecting___24___intheirbasements.SilverSpring,aWashington,D.C.,suburbofabout80,000,isa___25___communitybringingtogetherfamilies,youngprofessionals,retireeslikeVera,andalargecommunityofimmigrantsandrefugees(难民)___26___tomakethisplacehome.Veratunes(调整)upthedonatedbikesand___27___themtoparks,foodbanks,andapartmentcomplexes.HecampsoutwithhisFreeBikessignandwaitsforpeopletowanderover.Thenhe___28___peoplewiththeperfectnewrideandwatchesthemrideawayhappy.Hisinitial___29___sawsixbikesgoinunder30minutes.Inadditiontotheadultsandkidshe___30___athisFreeBikesevents,customerscomefromlocalresettlementagenciesandothernonprofits.Thegroups___31___informationincludingtheheight,genderandageofa___32___,andVeradeliversafittingbicycletotheirdoor.He’shappytomakethe___33___.NowneighborsknowhimastheBikeDude,andtheykeephimbusywitha___34___supplyofbikes,helmetsandlocks.Sofar,morethan700SilverSpringershavenewwheelstotakethemanywheretheirfeetcan___35___,thankstothebig-heartedBikeDude.21.A.simply B.naturally C.immediately D.certainly22.A.wash B.mend C.keep D.recycle23.A.agreedwith B.arrangedfor C.dependedon D.appealedto24.A.dust B.attention C.energy D.information25.A.secure B.lively C.diverse D.friendly26.A.careful B.eager C.ambitious D.proud27.A.sells B.lends C.donates D.transports28.A.pairs B.connects C.mixes D.compares29.A.repair B.sale C.giveaway D.experiment30.A.invites B.encounters C.hires D.comforts31.A.confirm B.spread C.provide D.process32.A.donor B.professional C.volunteer D.rider33.A.trip B.decision C.choice D.fortune34.A.flexible B.steady C.limited D.fixed35.A.kick B.walk C.pedal D.move【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是退休的ManuelVera把人们不用的自行车修好后免费送给需要的人们的故事。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，他只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，提供免费修理他们的自行车。A.simply仅仅，只；B.naturally自然地；C.immediately立即；D.certainly当然。根据上一句“ManuelVera,aretireeinSilverSpring,hadnoideahiseffortswouldgothisfar.(ManuelVera是SilverSpring的一名退休人员，他没想到自己的努力会走到这么远。)”和下文的“soughttohelphisneighborsstayphysicallyactive”可知，起初，ManuelVera只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，所以他没想到自己的努力会走到这么远。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，提供免费修理他们的自行车。A.wash清洗；B.mend修理；C.keep保持；D.recycle回收。根据下文的“Allheaskedwasthecostofnewparts.(他只收取新零件的费用)”可知，他是为邻居修理自行车。故选B项。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，他开始考虑人们家里闲置的自行车，并呼吁邻居捐赠那些在地下室收集灰尘的自行车。A.agreewith同意；B.arrangefor安排；C.dependedon取决于；D.appealedto上诉；呼吁。根据下文的donate可知，此处指的是呼吁人们捐赠闲置的自行车。故选D项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他开始考虑人们家里闲置的自行车，并呼吁邻居捐赠那些在地下室积满灰尘自行车。A.dust灰尘；B.attention注意力；C.energy能量；D.information信息。根据上文的“unusedbikes”和下文的“intheirbasement”可知，在地下室闲置的自行车肯定会积满灰尘。故选A项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：SilverSpring位于华盛顿特区的郊区，拥有约8万人口，是一个多元化的社区，聚集了家庭、年轻的专业人士、像Vera这样的退休人员，以及渴望在这里安家的移民和难民。A.secure安全的；B.lively活泼的；C.diverse多样化的；不同的；D.friendly友好的。根据下文的“bringingtogetherfamilies,youngprofessionals,retireeslikeVera,andalargecommunityofimmigrantsandrefugees”可知，SilverSpring聚集了许多层次和行业的人，是一个多元化的社区。故选C项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：SilverSpring位于华盛顿特区的郊区，拥有约8万人口，是一个多元化的社区，聚集了家庭、年轻的专业人士、像Vera这样的退休人员，以及渴望在这里安家的移民和难民。A.careful谨慎的；B.eager渴望的；C.ambitious雄心勃勃的；D.proud骄傲的。根据上文的“immigrantsandrefugees”可知，移民和难民肯定是渴望有地方安家，安顿下来。故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：维拉调整捐赠的自行车，并将它们运送到公园、食品银行和公寓大楼。A.sells出售；B.lends借出；C.donates捐赠；D.transports运输；运送。根据空格后的“parks,foodbanks,andapartmentcomplexes”和下一句“HecampsoutwithhisFreeBikessignandwaitsforpeopletowanderover.”可知，他是把修好的自行车运到公园、食品银行和公寓大楼，等人们经过时送给需要的人，而不是出售或借出给这些地方。故选D项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他把人们和完美的新骑乘配对，看着他们快乐地骑走。A.pairs把……配对；B.connects连接；C.mixes混合；D.compares比较。根据下文的“watchesthemrideawayhappy”可知，他把自行车送给了新主人，所以，用pair符合语境。故选A项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他初次赠送是在30分钟内送出6辆自行车。A.repair维修；B.sale销售；C.giveaway赠送；赠品；D.experiment实验。根据上文的“HecampsoutwithhisFreeBikessign”和下文的“sixbikesgoinunder30minutes”可知，此处指的是他免费赠送自行车。故