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人教版英语专题训练八年级英语上册语法填空1一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习(含答案解析)1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式(最多限填3个单词)。
Soniais14yearsold.Shecouldn'tstandBeijingOperainthepast.Shethoughtit________
meaningless.WhenshemetBeijingOperaprogramsonTV,shealwayschanged________
tootherprograms.Likemostmiddleschoolstudents,Sonialikedpopmusic.Tenmonthsago,Sonia'sfather________
(find)ajobinBeijing,soshealsowenttoBeijing.Shestarted________
(study)atNo.15MiddleSchool,andshestartedtolearnBeijingOperainmusic________
(class)everyweek,SoniaandherclassmateslistentoBeijingOperaandsingalong________
theactors.LittlebylittleSoniais________
(interest)inBeijingOpera.NowshelikestoseeBeijingOperaonTV.Andshe________
(join)herschoolBeijingOperaclub.Soniasaid,"Icanlearna________
aboutChinesehistoryfromBeijingOpera.It's________
(use)forallpeopletolearnaboutBeijingOpera,Ieveryonestudiesit,theoldartwon'tdisappear.【答案】was;them;found;tostudy;classes;with;interested;joins;lot;useful【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文主要介绍了Sonia对中国京剧态度的变化,建议大家都学习京剧,这种艺术就会得到更好的发展。(1)句意:她认为这毫无意义。
meaningless,毫无意义的,形容词。根据题干可知此句需要系动词be的形式,由thought与it可知要用过去式的单数形式,故填was。(2)句意:当她在电视上看到京剧节目时,她总是把它们换成别的节目。根据上文语句WhenshemetBeijingOperaprogramsonTV,
提示可知,她经常将京剧节目调换成其他节目。此句需要人称代词的宾格形式,由programmes提示可知要用第三人称的复数形式,故填them。(3)句意:十个月前,索尼娅的父亲在北京找到了一份工作。find,动词,发现。根据时间状语ten
months
ago可知要用过去式,故填found。(4)句意:所以她也去了北京。她开始在第十五中学学习。study,学习,动词;固定短语start
to
do
sth,开始做某事,故填to
study。(5)句意:每周在音乐课上开始学京剧。class,课,可数名词,常用复数形式表示泛指,故填classes。(6)句意:索尼娅和同学们一起听京剧,和演员一起唱京剧。固定短语sing
along
with
sb,与某人一起唱,故填with。(7)句意:索尼娅对京剧越来越感兴趣。interest,兴趣,动词;固定短语be
interested
in
sth,对某事感兴趣,故填interested。(8)句意:她加入了学校的京剧俱乐部。join,加入,动词。根据上文语句NowshelikestoseeBeijingOperaonTV.
提示可知此句要用现在时,且主与she,谓语动词要用单数形式,故填joins。(9)句意:我可以从京剧中学到很多关于中国历史的知识。固定短语learn
a
lot,学得很多,故填lot。(10)句意:学京剧对大家都有用。use,使用,名词。固定句型结构it's+形容词for
sb
to
do
sth,对某人来说做某事怎样,use的形容词形式useful,有用的,故填useful。【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意,然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。2.语法填空
Studentsthesedaysoftenhavealotof________
(worry).Sometimestheyhaveproblemswiththeirschoolwork,andsometimeswiththeirfriends.Whatcantheydoaboutthis?Somepeoplebelievethe________(bad)thingistodonothing.LauraMills,________
teenagerfromLondon,agrees."Problemsarenormalinlife,"saysLaura."ButIthinktalkingtosomeonehelpsalot.Unlesswetalktosomeone,we'llcertainlyfeelworse."
Lauraoncelostherwalletandshe________
(be)afraidtotellherparentsaboutit.Sheworriedfordaysanddidn'tknow________
tosolvetheproblem.Sheevenwalkedthreemilestoschooleachdaybecauseshedidn'thave________
(some)money.Shejustkeptthinking,"________Itellmyparents,they'llbeangry!"________(final),shetalkedtoherparentsandtheywerereally________(understand).Theygotheranewwalletandaskedhertobemorecareful."Iwillalwaysremembertosharemyproblemsinthefuture!"Laurasays.Herdadsaidhesometimesmadecarelessmistakes________
(him).【答案】worries;worst;a;was;how;any;If;Finally;understanding;himself【解析】【分析】主要讲了当我们遇到问题时应该学会和他人交流。(1)句意:现在的学生经常有许多担心。alotof修饰可数名词复数,worry的复数是worries,故填worries。(2)句意:一些人认为最糟糕的事情是无所事事。the+最高级,bad的最高级是worst,故填worst。(3)句意:LauraMills——一个来自伦敦的青少年,同意。teenager是单数,以辅音音素开头,所以用a,故填a。(4)句意:她害怕告诉她的父母关于它。时态是一般过去时,主语是she,所以用was,故填was。(5)句意:她担心了几天,并且不知道怎样解决这个问题。根据句意可知是不知道怎样解决,所以用how,故填how。(6)句意:因为她没有钱。句子是否定句,所以用any,故填any。(7)句意:如果我告诉我的父母,他们将是生气的。根据句意可知前句表示假设,即如果,所以用if,故填If。(8)句意:最后,她和她的父母交流。根据句意可知是最后finally,故填Finally。(9)句意:他们真地是善解意义的。be+形容词,understand的形容词是understanding,故填understanding。(10)句意:她爸爸说他有时自己也犯粗心的错误。根据句意可知是爸爸自己也犯错误,所以用him的反身代词himself,故填himself。【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。3.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。(每空不多于3个单词)
Technology(科技)makesourlifeeasierandbetterthanbefore.Manythinkitisgreat.Formostpeople,technologymeansyoucando________(much)inlesstimeandhavefunwhiledoingit.Here'soneexample.People________(make)letterswithsmokefromplanes.Peoplecanseethelettersfromthestreets,buildingsandplacesfar________thesky.It'scalledskywriting.ItbeganinEngland.In1922,the________(one)wordswrittenintheskyoverAmericawere"HelloUSA".Thatyearskywritingstartedtobeusedforadvertising.Thenitkeptpopularforalongtime.It'sdifficult________(put)amessageintothesky.Thepilotmustcountnumberstoknowwhentoturnthesmokeonandoff.________windmovestheletters,thepilotshouldwatchtheirshadowsonthegroundortheirshapesinthesky.Ifit'sa________(snow)day,thepilotintheplanecan'tseethewhiteletters,________wecanseethemintheskyontheground.Peopleareso________(create)tohaveromantictime!However,forsomepeople,technologyisnotjustforfun.Itcanchangetheir________(life).Mostbelievetomorrow'stechnologycomesoutrightsideup!【答案】more;made;from;first;toput;The;snowy;but;creative;lives【解析】【分析】本文通过介绍用飞机喷烟雾的科技方法,让我们了解科技能改变生活。(1)句意:科技意味着你可以用更少的时间做更多的事情。根据inlesstime可知是比较级,much的比较级是more,故填more。(2)句意:人们用飞机上的烟写字母。根据下文ItbeganinEngland可知是过去时,make的过去时是made
,故填made。(3)句意:人们可以从街上、建筑物上和远处看到这些字母。根据thesky可知很远,farfrom,固定搭配,距离……远,故填from。(4)句意:在1922年,第一批写在美国上空上的字母是HelloUSA。根据ItbeganinEngland可知此处是序数词表示首次,one的序数词是first,故填first。(5)句意:向天空传递信息很难。It'sdifficulttodo,固定搭配,做某事很难,故填toput。(6)句意:风吹动字母,飞行员应该观察它们在地上的影子或天空中的形状。wind是不可数名词,故填The。(7)句意:如果是下雪天,飞机上的飞行员看不到白色的字母,但是我们可以在地面上看到天空中的它们。
day是名词,其前应是形容词做定语表示天气,snow的形容词是snowy,下雪的,故填snowy。(8)句意:如果是下雪天,飞机上的飞行员看不到白色的字母,但是我们可以在地面上看到天空中的它们。根据上文的
thepilotintheplanecan'tsee可知此处是转折关系,故是转折连词but,但是,故填but。(9)句意:人们很有创造力,去制作浪漫时光
。are是系动词其后应是形容词做表语,create的形容词是creative,故填creative。(10)句意:它能改变他们的生活。根据形容词性物主代词是their可知是名词复数,故填lives。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。4.语法填空
Hi,Jane!IsawyournameandaddressinPen-friendmagazine,andIwouldlike________
(be)yourpen-friend.First,Iwilltellyousomethingsabout________
(my).
MynameisSidney.
I'mfourteenyearsold.I'maboutfive________
(foot)tall.Ihaveshortblackhairandbrowneyes.Myhobbiesareplayingcomputergamesandplayingchess.
Ilivewithmyparents.They________
(come)toEnglandfromHongKongabout30yearsago.NowmyparentsownaChineserestaurantinNewcastle.IwasborninNewcastlein1993.IcanspeakChinese,________
Ican'twriteitverywell.IhaveabrothercalledEdwin.Heis23and
works________
anarchitect(建筑师)inLondon.
I'minWalkerSchool.Itisnearmyhouse,andsoIcanwalktoschool.Ilikemyschoolbecausetheteachersare________(friend)tome.Ilikesportsverymuch.Ienjoy________(play)badmintoninwinter,andtennisinsummer.Asforsubjects,Ilikephysics________(well)ofall.Iwanttobe________
engineer.
Iexpectyouwillwritetomesoon,andtellmeallaboutyou.【答案】tobe;myself;feet;came;but;as;friendly;playing;best;an【解析】【分析】主要讲了Sidney写信给笔友Jane,告诉她自己的一些信息。(1)句意:我想成为你的笔友。wouldliketodosth.想要做某事。故填tobe。(2)句意:首先我将告诉你关于我自己的一些事情。根据句意可知是Sidney讲了自己的事情,主语是I,其反身代词是myself,故填myself。(3)句意:我大约5尺高。5后面用可数名词复数,foot的复数是feet,故填feet。(4)句意:大约30年前他们从香港来的英国。30yearsago表明时态是一般过去时,所以用come的过去式came,故填came。(5)句意:我会说英语但是我写得不好。根据句意可知前后句表示转折,所以用连词but,故填but。(6)句意:他23岁,在伦敦是一名建筑师。workas作为,故填as。(7)句意:因为老师们对我很友好。befriendlyto对......友好,故填friendly。(8)句意:我喜欢在冬天打羽毛球。enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事,故填playing。(9)句意:我最喜欢物理。根据all可知数量是三者或者三者以上,所以用最高级,所以用well的最高级best,故填best。(10)句意:我想成为一名工程师。engineer是可数名词单数,以元音音素开头,所以用an,故填an。【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,首先理解文章大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等,最后通读一遍检查验证。5.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的内容(1个单词),或括号内单词的正确形式。
Asweallknow,itisveryimportanttokeephealthy.Butdoyouknow________
tokeephealthy.Firstly,Ithinkwemusthaveenoughfoodtokeep________
(we)energyforbreakfast.Wemustalsohavetherightkindoffood.Remembertoeat________
(many)freshfruitandvegetablesbutlessjunkfood.Don'tforgettowashyourhands________
meals.Secondly,it'snecessaryforus________
(take)exercise.Exercisewillkeepusactiveandstrong.________
(third),Ithinkstayingupisbadforourhealth.________
wecan'tgetenoughsleep,wemayhaveaheadache.Weshouldgotobedearly________
getupearly.Lastly,________
(listen)tomusicorchattingcanalsomakeus________
(feel)relaxed.【答案】how;our;more;before;totake;Thirdly;If;and;listening;feel【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了保持健康的方法。(1)句意:但是你知道怎样保持健康吗?根据下面的Firstly,Ithinkwemusthaveenoughfood...,Secondly...是介绍健康的方法可知上文应该是问怎样保持健康。how是怎样,故答案为how。(2)句意:我认为我们必须早餐吃足够的食物保持我们的能量。名词前应用形容词性物主代词,we的形容词性物主代词是our。故答案为our。(3)句意:记住吃更多的新鲜的水果和蔬菜但是吃更少的垃圾食物。根据butlessjunkfood可知应用many的比较级more更多,故答案为more。(4)句意:不要忘记饭前要洗手。根据常识饭前便后要洗手,应该是饭前。before在……以前,故答案为before。(5)句意:对于我们来说锻炼是重要的。It'sadjforsbtodosth对于某人来说干某事怎么样。to后跟动词原形,故答案为totake。(6)句意:第三,我认为熬夜对我们的健康有害。根据前面Firstly,Secondly并列表顺序的词形式应保持一致。应用Thirdly,第三,故答案为Thirdly。(7)句意:如果我们得不到足够的睡眠,我们可能会头痛。根据wemayhaveaheadache可知是假设,应用如果if,句首单词第一个字母应大写,故答案为If。(8)句意:我们应该早睡早起。早睡和早起是并列关系,应用并列连词and。故答案为and。(9)句意:听音乐或者聊天也能使我们感到放松。listen和chatting是两个并列的主语,形式应保持一致,应用lisen的动名词listening。故答案为listening。(10)句意:听音乐或者聊天也能使我们感到放松。makesbdo是使某人做某事,应用动词原形feel,故答案为feel。【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,答题时首先跳过空格掌握大意,然后细读文章作答,注意考虑句型,语法,搭配及语境。最后通读一遍验证答案。6.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Therearemanywaysforstudentstogotoschool.Somestudentswalktoschool,________theyliveclosetotheirschool.Somestudentslivefar________
theirschools,sotheymaygobycarorbus.Inbig________(city),studentscantaketheundergroundtogotoschool.
Nowmorepeopledrivecarsandthefreshairis________
(little).Ithinkgoingtoschoolonfootisgoodforus.
Firstofall,walkingtoschoolisawonderfulway________(exercise)andit'sgoodfor________(healthy).Secondly,it'sfuntowalktogetherwithfriendseveryday.Wecantalkaboutsomethinginterestingandknow________
other.Then,ifwewalk,ourparentswon'thavetodrive________
(we)toschool.Therewillbefewercarsontheroad.Morewalkingandless________(drive)helpstomakeourcitycleaner.
Ihopemoreand________studentswillwalktoschool.Ifeveryonecandoso,wewillhaveabetterlifeandagreenworld.【答案】because;from;cities;less;toexercise;health;each;us;driving;more【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者希望越来越多的学生步行去上学。(1)句意:因为他们住着离学校近。根据前句Somestudentswalktoschool可知一些学生步行去上学的原因是他们离学校近,所以用because,表示原因,故填because。(2)句意:一些学生住着离他们的学校远。farfrom,离……远,故填from。(3)句意:在大城市里,学生可以乘地铁去上学。city是可数名词,前面没有表示单数的a,所以city用复数cities,故填cities。(4)句意:新鲜空气是更少了。根据Nowmorepeopledrivecars可知更多的人开,所以新鲜空气是更少的,little的比较级是less,故填less。(5)句意:步行去上学是一种锻炼的好方式。awaytodosth.做某事的一种方式,故填toexercise。(6)句意:对健康是有好处的。for是介词,后面用名词,healthy是形容词,名词是health,故填health。(7)句意:我们可以谈论有趣的事情,并且相互了解。eachother,相互,固定搭配,故填each。(8)句意:我们的父母不将开车送我们去上学。drivesb.开车送某人,drive是实义动词,后面用宾格,we是主格,宾格是us,故填us。(9)句意:更多的步行和更少的开车帮助让我们的城市更干净。walking用动词ing形式,所以drive用动词ing,即driving,故填driving。(10)句意:我希望越来越多的学生将步行去学校。moreandmore越来越多,故填more。【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。7.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Alotofpeoplewishtobeslim(苗条),butatthesametimetheyare________(worry)abouttheirhealth.Infact,itisimportantforeveryone________(lose)weighthealthily.Buthowcanyoudoit?Hereissomegood________.
Drinkplentyofwaterandeata(n)________(health)diet.Ifyoufeellikeeatingsnacks,drinkaglassofwaterfirst.Ifyouarestillhungryafter15minutes,thenitistime________alightsnack.________(try)tostayawayfromfoodwithhighcalories(卡路里),suchassweetsandfastfood.
Donoteatmorethanyoucanconsume(消耗).Peoplegetfat________theycannotconsumeallthecaloriesthattheyget.Soknowinghowmanycaloriesyoureallyneed________veryimportant.
Takeenoughexercise.The"333"isgoodforyou----exercise3timesaweek.Foratleast30minutesat________time,andpulserate(脉搏率)shouldbemorethan130mafterexercising.
Keepthethree________(piece)ofadviceinmindandfollowtheadvice.Thenyouwillsurelyhaveaslimandstrongbody.【答案】worried;tolose;advice;healthy;for;Try;because;is;a;pieces【解析】【分析】主要讲了怎样健康减肥。(1)句意:但是与此同时他们担心他们的健康。beworriedabout,担心,固定搭配,故填worried。(2)句意:事实上,对于每个人来说健康地减肥是重要的。It+be+形容词+forsb.+todosth.,故填tolose。(3)句意:这是一些好的建议。some修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词,is表明后面名词是不可数名词,所以用advice,建议,故填advice。(4)句意:喝足够的水,并且吃健康饮食。diet,可数名词,前面需要形容词修饰,health是名词,形容词是healthy,故填healthy。(5)句意:然后到了吃零食的时间了。It'stimeforsth.到了做某事的时间了,故填for。(6)句意:努力远离带有高卡路里的食物。根据句意可知是祈使句,以动词原形开头,所以用try,句首单词首字母大写,故填Try。(7)句意:人们变胖是因为他们不能消耗他们得到的所有卡路里。前后两句表示因果关系,前句是结果,后句是原因,所以用because,故填because。(8)句意:所以知道你真的需要多少卡路里是非常重要的。主语是knowinghowmanycaloriesyoureallyneed,属于动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数,时态是一般现在时,be+形容词,所以be用is,故填is。(9)句意:每次至少30分钟,运动后脉搏率应该是每分钟超过130。atatime,每次,故填a。(10)句意:把这三条建议记在心里。piece是可数名词,three后面用可数名词复数,所以用pieces,故填pieces。【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,首先理解文章大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等,最后通读一遍检查验证。8.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的内容(1个单词),或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ihavemanygoodfriendsatschool.IthinkGinaismy
________(good)friend.Sheis1yearsolder________me.Weliveinthesametownandweareclassmatesnow.Ginaistallerand________
outgoingthanme.Wearebothinterestedinsports,butshealwaysplaystabletennis________
(good),soshealwayswins.________wehavethesamehobbiesandinterests,wealsohavesome________(difference).
Ginaalways
exercisesandshe
________(read)bookseveryday.
________,shenevereatsjunkfoodandstaysuplate.________,Ilikeeatingjunkfoodandneverhelps________housework.【答案】best;than;more;better;Although;differences;reads;Also;However;with【解析】【分析】本篇短文介绍了我和好朋友Gina,并介绍了我们两个之间的一些不同点和相同之处。(1)句意:我任务Gina是我最好的朋友。根据第一句
Ihavemanygoodfriendsatschool.我有很多好朋友可知是多个范围的比较,应该用比较级,此处是修饰后面的名词friend,应该是形容词的最高级,good的最高级是best。故答案为best。(2)句意:她比我大一岁。根据空前面的1yearsolder和后面的me可知此处缺少表示比较的than,故答案为than。(3)句意:她比我高也比我外向。根据前面的tallerand和后面的thanme可知此处应该是并列的比较,outgoing的比较级是前面加more。故答案为more。(4)句意:我们都喜欢运动,但她的乒乓球打得(比我)好,她总是赢。根据前面的都喜欢运动和后面的她总是赢可知此处是和我作比较,所以应为比较级,又是修饰动词play,所以要用副词形式,good的副词是well,所以应是well的比较级better,故答案为better。(5)句意:虽然我们有相同的爱好和兴趣,但我们也有一些不同之处。根据上文的相同点和下文的不同之处可知此处应为转折词,although,尽管,虽然,表转折,由是句首,所以大写首字母,故答案为Although。(6)句意:但是我们也有一些不同之处。difference名词不同点,不同之处,可数名词。some修饰可数名词的复数形式,故答案为differences。(7)句意:Gina每天总是锻炼和读书。句子是一般现在时,主语又是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词应该用单三形式,read的第三人称单数是reads。故答案为reads.(8)句意:她也不吃垃圾食品和熬夜。这里都是描述Gina的健康生活方式,应该和上文是并列关系,also,也,表并列。句首字母应大写,故答案为Also。(9)句意:然而,我喜欢吃垃圾食品也从来不帮忙做家务。根据句意我的不好的生活和上文应该是转折关系,however,然而,表转折,并需用逗号与上文隔开,句子开头首字母要大写,故答案为However。(10)句意:我从来不帮忙做家务。helpwithsth.帮忙做某事,固定短语。故答案为with。【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用。已给出的单词要在语境中对词性进行必要的变形。没有根据单词的,要根据句意,找到合适的单词,然后根据上下文确定句子的时态语态,主谓一致等,再把单词做必要的变化。还要考虑到固定短语的搭配和一些基本的句型。二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习(含答案解析)9.根据短文内容填空。
AseabirdnamedLydiarecentlymadea26-daynonstop(不间断的)journeyofabout2,500miles,justtosearchforfoodforherbaby.Sheisfittedwithasatellitetrackingdevice(卫星跟踪仪).HertripstartedonOct.18fromChristmasIslandintheIndianOcean.Thetripisknownasthelongestnonstopjourneybyoneoftheseendangeredseabirds.
Beforethat,thiskindofbirdswasknownonlytoflyafewhundredmilesfromwheretheylive,stayingawayforjustafewdaysatatime.Theyusuallyflyoverthesea.
ThescientistsfeelitstrangethatLydiamadesuchalong,nonstopjourneyandflewoverland.Sotheabovefactsraisesomeseriousquestionsabouteffortstostopthedecline(减少)ofthebirds.Thenumberofthebirdshasfallenby10percentoverthepast20years.Besides,thescientistsaresurprisedthatshewasawayfromherbabyforsuchalongtime.Theywonderwhysheneededtogothatfar.Maybeitshowsthatfishresources(资源)aroundChristmasIslandarenotlargeenoughnow.Thatmightexplaintheslowdeclineofthebird一seapollution(污染)isserious.(1)WhydidLydiamakesuchalongandnonstopjourney?(2)Howfardoesthiskindofbirdsusuallyflyatatime?(3)Whatdoyouknowaboutthenumberofthiskindofseabirds?(4)WhatdothescientiststhinkLydia’slongjourneymayshow?(5)WhatcanwelearnfromLydia'sjourney?(请自拟一句话作答)【答案】(1)Becauseshewantedtolook/searchforfoodforherbaby.(2)Afewhundredmiles.(3)Ithasfallenby10percentoverthepast20years.(4)FishresourcesaroundChristmasIslandarenotlargeenoughnow.(5)Weshouldtrytoprotectourenvironment.【解析】【分析】⑴细节理解。根据第一段justtosearchforfoodforherbaby可知为了给她的孩子找食物。故答案是:Becauseshewantedtolook/searchforfoodforherbaby.⑵细节理解。根据thiskindofbirdswasknownonlytoflyafewhundredmilesfromwheretheylive,stayingawayforjustafewdaysatatime可知这种鸟每次会飞几百英里,在外面呆几天。故答案是:Afewhundredmiles.⑶细节理解。根据第三段Thenumberofthebirdshasfallenby10percentoverthepast20years.可知这种鸟儿的数量在过去的20年下降了10%。所以答案是:Ithasfallenby10percentoverthepast20years.⑷细节理解。根据最后一段Maybeitshowsthatfishresources(资源)aroundChristmasIslandarenotlargeenoughnow.可知科学家猜测可能是圣诞岛上的鱼资源不充足了。故答案是:FishresourcesaroundChristmasIslandarenotlargeenoughnow.⑸主旨大意。本文通过介绍海鸟Lydia长时间不间断的飞行引起话题,谈论鸟类不得不飞到很远的地方觅食是由于海洋污染变得严重,导致鱼类资源的不足,从而导致鸟类数量的下降。故本题的答案与保护环境,避免污染有关。【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章,然后根据题目要求作答,注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时,要完全理解句子,根据同义词,句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词,短语或者句子的词。10.阅读下列短文,根据要求完成下列各题。
MyproblemsstartedafterIwenttoaboarding(寄宿)school.Iwasonly14,andatfirstImissedmyfamilyalot.Ioftencalledthemandcriedonthephone.Butaftertwoweeks,IfoundIenjoyedbeingwithmyclassmatesatschool.Ihadmanyfriendswhowereboys.Ithoughtofthemasmybestfriends——butonlyfriends.Ineverguessedmyfriendshipswithboyswouldbecomeaproblem.
Then,threemonthslater,myfriendstoldmethatsometeachersandgirlssaidIwashangingoutwith(与…混在一起)boysalldaylonginordertogetattention(注意力)fromthem.Sevenmonthsafterthat,theheadteacherMr.WangaskedtheclasstochoosesomestudentstojointheStudentUnion.IthoughtIcouldwinforIwasdoingwellinschool.IcamefirstinmathandEnglishexams.Aweeklater,thelistcameoutanditdidn'tincludeme.Iwassad.
Mr.Wangcametomeandsaid,“Don'tbesad.Iknowyou'reexcellent!Maybeyouarealittledistantfromthegirlsinourclass.Theydon'tknowmuchaboutyou,sosomeofthemdidn'tchooseyou.Itdoesn'tmatter.DoyourbesttogetalongwellwitheveryoneandIthinkyou'llmakeitnexttime.”(1)Whatwasthewriter'sproblemwhenshefirstenteredtheboardingschool?
A.
Shedidn'tlikehernewschool.
B.
Shedidn'tgetalongwellwithherclassmates.C.
Shemissedherfamilyverymuch.
D.
Shedidn'tlikehernewteacher.(2)Manyofthewriter'sfriendsinhernewschoolwere_______.
A.
teachers
B.
boys
C.
girls
D.
women(3)WhydidthewriterfailtojointheStudentUnion?A.
Herteachersdidn'tlikeher.
B.
Shewasapoorstudent.
C.
Somegirlsdidn'tchooseher.
D.
Shelikesshowingoffherself.(4)Theunderlinedword“distant”means“______”inEnglish.
A.
estranged(疏远的)
B.
warm-hearted
C.
aggressive(好斗的)
D.
rude(5)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?A.
ThewriterwasthebestinscienceandEnglishexams.B.
Thewriterdidn'trealizethatherfriendshipswithboyswouldcauseproblems.C.
ThewriterwassadbecauseshefailedtojointheStudentUnionD.
Theteacherthoughtshewasanexcellentstudent.【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)C(4)A(5)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇日常生活类记叙文。讲述了作者在14岁刚刚读寄宿学校时在学校的生活及与同学交朋友的情况。(1)细节理解。从第一段Myproblemsstarted...andatfirstImissesmyfamilyalot可知作者的开始进入寄宿学校的问题是他很想念家。故选C。(2)细节理解。从第一段第四行Ihadmanyfriendswhowereboys可以得知作者在新学校的大多数朋友都是男孩。故选B(3)细节理解。从最后一段Maybeyouarealittledistantfromthegirlsinourclass.Theydon'tknowmuchaboutyou,sosomeofthemdidn'tchooseyou可知正确答案为C(4)词义猜测。根据第一段提到作者的大多数朋友都是男孩,以及本段中提到一些女孩不选她进入学生会说明她和班上的女孩有些疏远,故选择答案A。(5)细节理解。根据第二段I'dalreadywonprizesforthebestmathandEnglishexams可知A答案是错误表述,是math而不是science,故选择答案A。【点评】本文讲述了作者在14岁刚刚读寄宿学校时在学校的生活及与同学交朋友的情况。本文内容比较简单,集中考查细节较多,在阅读时注意关键的细节内容,做好标志,以提高阅读的效率。11.根据短文内容选择正确答案。B
TodayIwenttoSam'sschoolintheUK.ItwasreallydifferentfrommyschoolinChina.
Girlsworegreyskirtsandwhiteshirts,boysworegreytrousers,andeveryoneworetheschooltie.
SomeofSam'slessonswereabitstrangeforme.WewerereadingShakespeareintheEnglishlesson,andtherewerequitesomeoldwordslike"thou"and"thee"tomean"you".Inhistorywestudied20thCenturyChina.Itwasstrangehearingaforeignsideofhistory—andhearingEnglishpeopletryingtosayallourChinesenames!
ClasseswerealsoalotmorerelaxingthaninChina.Teacherswerecalled"sir"or"miss",everyoneshoutedanswersandraisedtheirhandsinclasses.Itwasmorelikeadebatethanaclass.Abellrangattheendofeachlessonandeveryonejumpeduptogotothenextclass.
Atbreakweboughtpotatochipsandcookiesinthediningroom.LunchwaslaterthaninChinaat1o'clock.Wehadbigplatesofpiewithcarrots.Fordesserttherewashotsweetricecalledricepudding.
ItwasgoodthatI'dhadanexcellentlunch,becauseatSam'sschoolMondayafternoonsaretakenupwithsports.
Iplayedmyfirstgameofnetball—abitlikebasketball,butwithsomedifferences.LuckilyI'dhadaquicklookintherulebookbeforeItriedtojoininthegame.(1)Paragraph2showsthat
_______.A.
TheywearuniformsinSam'sschoolB.
lessonsaredifferentbetweenschoolsinChinaandtheUKC.
thereisabreakof30minuteseverydayintheschoolD.
sportstakeupmuchlimeinSam'sschool(2)Theunderlinedword"debate"illParagraph4means____.A.
fight
B.
exam
C.
discussion
D.
suggestion(3)WhatdotheyhaveforlunchatSam'sschool'?A.
Pieandhotsweetrice.
B.
Potatochips
C.
Cookies.
D.
Carrots.(4)What
classdoSamhaveonMondayafternoon?A.
Maths
B.
History
C.
PE
D.
Music(5)What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.
RelaxedclassesintheUK
B.
Clothes,foodandsportsinaUKschoolC.
StrangelessonsinSam'sschool
D.
AdayinSam'sschool【答案】(1)A(2)C(3)A(4)C(5)D【解析】【分析】短文大意:文章主要介绍了作者在山姆学校所经历的一天的生活,学生在校必须穿校服,课程设置也要比中国的课程轻松很多,上课更像是辩论,午餐也很丰盛,并且第一次尝试无挡板篮球运动。(1)细节理解题。第二段主要讲述了女孩子们都穿灰色的短裙和白色的衬衫,男孩子们穿灰色的长裤,而且都打学校的领带。可知在山姆的学校,学生们都穿校服,故选A。(2)词义猜测题。根据短文中的句子everyoneshoutedanswersandraisedtheirhandsinclasses.每个人在课堂上都大声地回答问题,而且还经常举手,所以上课更像是辩论,故答案选C。(3)细节理解题。根据第五段内容ehadbigplatesofpiewithcarrots.Fordesserttherewashotsweetricecalledricepudding.可知在山姆的学校午餐吃Pieandhotsweetrice.,故选A。(4)细节推理题。根据倒数第二段
ItwasgoodthatI'dhadanexcellentlunch,becauseatSam'sschoolMondayafternoonsaretakenupwithsports.“sports”意为“运动”,即“上体育课”,故C。(5)主旨大意题。依据短文内容可知,文章主要介绍了作者在山姆学校所经历的一天的生活,故答案为D。【点评】本文难度较大,个别小题需要根据相关内容进行推理总结。首先要认真阅读短文,注意前后联系,掌握短文大意,然后带着问题再读短文,找出相关段落,分析总结,判断出正确选项。12.阅读短文,从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项。
Studieshaveshownthatagoodnight'sresthelpsusstayhealthy.Researcherssaysleepisprobablythebesttoolwehaveformemoryandlearning.
"Gettingagoodnight'ssleepisimportantforthelearningandmemoryprocess.It'simportantbecauseitstores(储存)thetrainingandlearningexercisesintoourmemoryforeverwhilewe'resleeping7-8hoursinbed.Andthenthenextmorningwhenwewakeup,ourmindisbetterpreparedtoactonthatinformation,"Twery,anexpertonthescienceofsleepsaid.
Butwhataboutgettingrestduringthemiddleoftheday?Paststudieshaveshownthatnappingcanhelpbabiesandyoungchildrenlearnbetter.Infact,nappingcanhelpolderadultswiththeirbrainperformanceandmayalsohelpthisgroupofpeoplefightoffage-related(年龄相关)memoryloss.
Theresearchersstudied3,000peopleandfoundthatthosewhotookanhour-longnapdidmuchbetteronmental(智力的)tests.Thehour-longnappersalsodidbetterontheteststhanthosewhonappedforshorterandlongerperiods.Butresearchersnotethatthesefindingsareforthoseover65,andforyoung,healthyadults,anhour-longnapmaybetoolong.
"Atpresent,we'resuggestingthatwetrytonapforabout30minutesorless.Thirtyminutesisenoughtoremove(消除)thepressureandwillhelpusfeelmoreawake.Ifwenaplonger,wewillgettrappedinto(陷入)thedeepsleep,whichcanbehardtogetoutof,"Twerysaid.Thisfeelingiscalledsleepinertia(迟钝)—theperiodwhenyouawakefromaverydeepsleep.Foratime,youareunabletothinkclearly.(1)FromParagraph1,agoodnight'ssleep________.A.
isusually7-8hoursB.
makespeoplebecomesmarterC.
makespeoplewakeupearlyinthemorningD.
helpswithpeople'slearningandmemory(2)Theunderlinedword"napping"inParagraph3means"________".A.
ashortsleepduringthedayB.
agoodsleepduringthedayC.
adeepsleepatnightD.
alongsleepatnight(3)Whatdoestheresultofthestudyshow?A.
ThetimeofnappingshouldbecontrolledB.
Thehour-longnappersaremuchsmarter.C.
Youngadultsneedmorenappingtime.D.
Thedeeperyousleep,thelongeryou'llsleep.(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.
Howdoesnappinginfluencepeople'shealth?B.
Nappingmayimprovelearningandmemory.C.
Theimportanceofhavingagoodnight'ssleep.D.
Howlongshouldpeopletakeanapduringtheday?(5)Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthepassage?A.
NATURE
B.
SPORTS
C.
HEALTH
D.
CULTURE【答案】(1)D(2)A(3)A(4)B(5)C【解析】【分析】文章大意:睡眠可能是我们记忆和学习的最佳工具。但是白天打盹有助于提高学习和记忆能力。(1)细节题。根据sleepisprobablythebesttoolwehaveformemoryandlearning.可知好好睡一觉对记忆和学习有帮助。故选D。(2)词义猜测题。根据Butwhataboutgettingrestduringthemiddleoftheday?Paststudieshaveshownthatnappingcanhelpbabiesandyoungchildrenlearnbetter.过去的研究表明,小睡有助于婴儿和幼儿更好地学习。可猜测出napping是白天短时间的睡眠。故选A。(3)细节题。根据
Theresearchersstudied3,000peopleandfoundthatthosewhotookanhour-longnapdidmuchbetteronmental(智力的)tests.Thehour-longnappersalsodidbetterontheteststhanthosewhonappedforshorterandlongerperiods.Butresearchersnotethatthesefindingsareforthoseover65,andforyoung,healthyadults,anhour-longnapmaybetoolong.可知,打盹的时间应该控制。故
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