2026版九上英语人教专题06 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题必练）（解析版）

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2026版九上英语人教专题06阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题必练）专题06阅读理解（说明文）主题01人与自我——哲理感悟Passage1（24-25九年级上·江苏盐城·期末）Onethingthatcouldhelpustorecoverfromtirednessissleep.Andsleepingisthefavoritehobbyofmostpeopletoday.Studiesshowthatthewaypeoplesleepatnightdecidesthetypeofpersonalitytheyhave.RobertPhipps,abodylanguageexpert,hasnamedfoursleepingpositionsthatinfluencepersonality.Phippsfoundthatworriers,thosewhoareunderstress,arelikelytosleepinthefetalposition.Hefoundthatthisisthemostcommonbedtimeposition,withnearly58percentofpeoplesleepingontheirsidewithkneesupandheaddown.Themorewecurlup,themorecomfortweareseeking.Thesecondmostcommonpositionisthelog.Peoplesleepwithastraightbody,witharmsateachside.Nearly28percentofpeoplesleepthiswayandtheyoftenfeelhardertomovetheirbodywhentheywakeup.“Thelongeryousleeplikethis,themorerigidyourthinkingisandyouareunwillingtochange,whichmeansyoumakethingsharderforyourself,”accordingtoPhipps.Yearnersleepersarenextonthelist.About25percentofpeoplesleepinthisstyle—ontheirsidewitharmsstretchedoutinfront,lookingasiftheyarechasingtheirdreamsorperhapsbeingchasedthemselves.“Yearnersarealwaysexpectingthebestresults,”explainedPhipps.“Thesepeopleoftenwakeuprefreshedandtheyarewillingtofacethechallengesofthedayahead.”Perhapsthestrangestsleepingstyleisthefreefallerposition.Thissleepingpositionmakesup17percentofthepopulation.Theysleepfacedownonthestomach.“Thesepeople,”accordingtoPhipps,“feelliketheyhavelittlecontrolovertheirlife.”Notonlyisthisthestrangestsleepingstyle,butalsotheleastcomfortable,andpeoplemaywakeupfeelingtiredandhavenoenergy.Inconclusion,Phippshasonlyonemorethingtoadd,“Agoodsleepsetsusupforthefollowingdayandoursleepingpositionscandecidehowwefeelwhenwewakeup.”1．Accordingtothetext,whichpictureisthefetalposition?A． B． C． D．2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rigid”mean?A．固执的 B．新颖的 C．愚蠢的 D．灵活的3．Whatissuggestedinthetext?A．Thefetalsleepersarewillingtocomfortotherpeople.B．It'seasyforthefreefallersleeperstocontroltheirlife.C．Yearnersleepersprefertodothebestinlifeandwork.D．Thelogsleeperssleepasiftheyarechasingsomething.4．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthetext?(P1=Paragraph1...)A． B． C． D．【答案】1．B2．A3．C4．A【解析】本文主要讲述了四种不同的睡眠姿势一定程度上反映了我们的性格特征。1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Hefoundthatthisisthemostcommonbedtimeposition,withnearly58percentofpeoplesleepingontheirsidewithkneesupandheaddown.”可知，最像婴儿的姿势是侧睡，膝盖向上，头朝下。故根据图片选B。2．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“Thelongeryousleeplikethis,themorerigidyourthinkingisandyouareunwillingtochange,whichmeansyoumakethingsharderforyourself”可知，rigid指的是不愿意改变的，即“固执的”。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Yearnersarealwaysexpectingthebestresults”可知，向往型睡眠者总是想要在生活和工作上做到最好。故选C。4．篇章结构题。根据全文可知，第一段提出睡眠方式反映人的性格特点的观点，第二、三、四、五段分别讲述了一种睡眠姿势代表的性格，最后一段再次总结。本文故结构为总分总。故选A。Passage2（24-25九年级上·陕西西安·期末）Thefieldclassroomprovidesstudentswithbothalabor(劳动)classandaneducationclass.Studentsactivelytakepartinthefieldclassroomandtheycangetthehands-onexperience.Itnotonlyimprovestheirunderstandingofcrops,butalsobuildsaconnectionbetweentheknowledgefrombooksandpracticalexperience.Inthefield,teacherstalkedaboutgrainwithstudentsandansweredtheirquestions.Thestudentssawwheatandsoybeans(小麦和大豆).Theyalsotouchedthewheatandlearnedthatpeopleusuallyharvest(收获)thewheatattheendofSeptember.Iwrotedownalltheadvantagesofwheatinmynotebook,”onestudentsaid.Helearnedthateatingwheatisgoodforpeople’shealth.Otherstudentsalsolearnedsomethingnew.“Iknewaboutsoybeansonlyfromtextbooks.Thistime,Isawrealonesandlearnedhowtheygrow,”saidastudent.Beforethis,agirlwhogrewupinthecitythoughtthatfarmingwassomethingold.Butthistripchangedherideasgreatly.“Isawreallycoolfarming,machines,andtheyshowedmehowfarmingchangesandgetsbetter,”shesaid.Infact,learninginthefiledgiveschildrenachancetotakeanactivepartintheharvestandexperiencethejoyofharvest.Thechildrencanexperiencetheprocessinpersonfromthefieldstothediningtable,fromcropstofood.Thefieldclassroomhelpsthembroadentheirhorizons,increasetheirknowledgeandgetthejoyoflabor.Italsodevelopsstudents’correctlaborvaluesandgoodlaborhabits.1．Howcanstudentsknowmoreaboutcropsfromthefieldclassroom?A．Byaskingothersquestions.B．Bygoingtothefarmoutside.C．Bytalkingaboutthecropsinclass.D．Bygainingsomeknowledgefromtextbooks.2．Whichofthefollowingwordsbelongstotheunderlinedword“grain”?A．corn B．toy C．dog D．apple3．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．Learninginthefield.B．Plantingdifferentcrops.C．Changingopinionsonlaboreducation.D．Introducesomedifferentkindsofcrops.4．Whichofthefollowingisthestructureofthetext?A．①/②/③/④ B．①/②③④ C．①②/③/④ D．①/②③/④【答案】1．B2．A3．A4．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种特殊的教学模式——“田间课堂”。这种模式让孩子们亲身体验了从田地到餐桌，从庄稼到食物的过程，开阔了眼界，增长了知识，同时也收获了劳动的乐趣，培养了学生正确的劳动价值观。1．细节理解题。根据“Thefieldclassroomprovidesstudentswithbothalabor(劳动)classandaneducationclass.Studentsactivelytakepartinthefieldclassroomandtheycangetthehands-onexperience.”可知这表明学生是通过去外面的农场参加田间课堂来更多地了解农作物的。因此，选项B“通过去外面的农场是正确答案。故选B。2．词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“Inthefield,teacherstalkedaboutgrainwithstudentsandansweredtheirquestions.及后面句子“Thestudentssawwheatandsoybeans(小麦和大豆).”可知，在田野里，老师和学生讨论有关农作物如小麦和大豆，划线单词与corn意思相近，都属于“谷物”种类。故选A。3．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了田间课堂的学习活动，包括学生通过实地参与收获农作物，体验劳动的乐趣，拓宽视野，增长知识，培养正确的劳动价值观和良好的劳动习惯。因此，文章的主旨是关于田间学习，选项A“在田间学习”最符合题意。其他选项如种植不同作物、改变对劳动教育的看法、介绍不同种类的作物，都只是文章中的部分内容，不是主旨。故选A。4．篇章结构题。文章的结构可以分为三部分：第一部分是总述田间课堂的意义（①）；第二部分是具体描述学生在田间课堂的活动和学习内容（②③）；第三部分是总结田间课堂对学生的影响和意义（④）。因此，选项D“①/②③/④”正确地反映了文章的结构。故选D。Passage3（24-25九年级上·陕西西安·期末）Timeisveryimportantforus,soweallshouldvaluetime.Today,IreadtwopoemsabouttimethatIwanttosharewithyou.Herearethetwopoems:①Toknowthevalueofoneweek，askeditors(编辑)ofweeklynewspapers.Toknowthevalueofonehour，askloverswhoarewaitingtomeet.Toknowthevalueofoneminute，askthepersonwhomissedthetrain.Toknowthevalueofonesecond，asktheonebeingsavedinanaccident.Timewaitsfornoone.Treasureeverysecondyouhave.Actnow，dayandnight.Makeprogressmoreorless.Eachdayisanewlife.②Enjoyeverysecondinyourlife.Onceyougetolder，thedaysgobysofast.Seizetime，don’tletitpassyouby.Seizetime，liveasthereisnosecondtry.Nothingshouldstandonyourway.Slowdowntime，getonyourway.Timegoesby，inarushofdays.Seizetime，hereandnow.1．Whomcanyouaskaboutthevalueofonesecond?A．Theonewhomissedthetrain. B．Theonewhoworkedfornewspapers.C．Theonewhowassavedinanaccident. D．Theonewhowaitedforhisorherlover.2．HowdoesthewriterstartthePoem②?A．Byaskingaquestion. B．Bygivinganexample.C．Bygivinganopinion. D．Bytellingafact.3．Theunderlinedword“seize”probablymeans“________”.A．catch B．give C．waste D．protect4．Whichofthefollowinghasthesametopicasthetwoabove?A．海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 B．孤舟蓑笠翁，独钓寒江雪。C．欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。 D．及时当勉励，岁月不待人。【答案】1．C2．C3．A4．D【解析】本文通过两首诗强调了时间的重要性，并鼓励人们珍惜每一分每一秒。1．细节理解题。根据“Toknowthevalueofonesecond，asktheonebeingsavedinanaccident.”可知，在事故中被救的人知道一秒钟的价值。故选C。2．推理判断题。根据“Enjoyeverysecondinyourlife.”可知，作者先陈述观点，再展开说明时间的重要性。故选C。3．词句猜测题。根据“don’tletitpassyouby.”可知，是要抓住时间，故推出划线部分seize意为“抓住”，与catch同义。故选A。4．推理判断题。根据“Timeisveryimportantforus,soweallshouldvaluetime.”可知，本文介绍了时间的重要性，选项D的主题是珍惜时间。故选D。主题02人与社会——科普Passage1（24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）AttheJinzhongNationalAgriculturalHigh-TechIndustryDemonstrationZoneinShanxiprovince,sometruly“out-of-this-world”workisgoingon.Someuplandriceseeds(旱稻种子)thatexperienced“spacebreeding(育种)”havegrownupthere.TheuplandriceseedsweretakentotheTiangongspacestationbytheShenzhouXVImembersinMay2023.There,theyexperiencedspaceradiation(辐射)andmicrogravity(微重力),whichcausedgeneticmutations(基因突变).Afterspendingmorethan150daysinspace,theseedsreturnedtoEarthonOct31.Scientistsstudiedthemutations.Theyfoundthatsomeofthemutationsgavetheseedsqualitiesthatfarmersprefer,suchashigherproduction,fastergrowthwithoutillness.“Forspacebreeding,thespaceenvironmentholdsgreatvalue,whichcannotbecopiedonEarth,”ProfessorDongQifromShanxiAgriculturalUniversitysaid.“Traditionalbreedingusuallytakeseighttotenyears,butspacebreedingcouldcutdownthetimebyhalf,”headded.Heexplainedthatthesespaceseedsmaylookthesameontheoutsidebutgothroughimportantchangesontheinside.Spacebreeding,however,isnotasimpletask.Notallseedsmutateinspace,socarefulchoiceisthekey.Withthelittlespaceonthespacecraft,onlythechosenseedsaresent.Afterspacetravel,theseedsstillneedtobetestedforthingslikeproduction,quality,andmarketvalue.Intheend,onlyafewoftheseedspassthetesttobecometrue“spaceseeds”.Thehigh-techareainJinzhonghaslongbeenworkingwithChina’sspaceprogram.LocatedinShanxi,whichhasadryweather.Thisistheperfectenvironmentforgrowingandspreadingnewkindsofuplandrice.ThejourneyofChinesecropseedsintospacebeganin1987.Sincethen,over3,000spacebreedingexperimentshavegoneon,resultinginmorethan240maingrain(谷物)kindsandover400newtypesofvegetables,fruits,trees,grasses,andflowers.1．Howlongdidtheuplandriceseedsstayinspace?A．Atleastoneyear. B．Foronlyaweek.C．Lessthantwomonths. D．Aroundfivemonths.2．WhatcanweinferfromwhatProfessorDongQisaid?A．Thetraditionalbreedingisthesameasthespacebreeding.B．Thespacebreedingmighttakeaboutfourtofiveyears.C．Thespaceseedslookdifferentbothoutsideandinside.D．Theenvironmentonearthisbetterthanthatinspace.3．Howcantheseedsbecomethetrue“spaceseeds”?①Theseedsaretested.

②Theseedsarechosen.③Theseedsaresenttothespace.

④Theseedsreturnfromthespace.A．①②③④ B．②③④① C．②①④③ D．④①③②4．What’sthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A．Tointroducethebackground. B．Toleadoutasaying.C．Togiveaconclusion. D．Tobeginanewtopic.【答案】1．D2．B3．B4．C【解析】本文介绍了中国在太空育种领域的最新进展。1．推理判断题。根据“Afterspendingmorethan150daysinspace,theseedsreturnedtoEarthonOct31.”可知，150天大约是5个月，故选D。2．推理判断题。根据ProfessorDongQi的话，“Traditionalbreedingusuallytakeseighttotenyears,butspacebreedingcouldcutdownthetimebyhalf.”可知，传统育种需要8到10年，而太空育种可以将时间缩短一半，因此太空育种可能需要4到5年，故选B。3．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，种子成为真正的“太空种子”需要经过以下步骤：首先被选中（②），然后被送入太空（③），接着从太空返回（④），最后经过测试（①）。因此正确的顺序是②③④①，故选B。4．推理判断题。最后一段总结了自1987年以来中国在太空育种方面的成就，提供了背景信息和总结，因此其目的是给出结论，故选C。Passage2（24-25九年级上·浙江金华·期末）①Theweatherisgettingwarm.Youdecidetogetahaircut.Someofyourhairiscutandclearedaway,butyourhair’sstorydoesn’tendthereafterthehaircut.②Haveyoueverconsideredusingyouroldhairafterithasbeencut?Somefarmersactuallydothis!Whatgrowsfromit?Notwigs(假发),butlargerandmoredeliciousplants.Hairownsalotofnitrogen(氮),whichisgoodforplantgrowth.Whenhairisputintothesoil(土壤),itbreaksdownovertime,slowlygivesoffnitrogen.Thiscanhelpflowersandvegetablesgrowabitquicker.③Ifyou’rewearingawoolsweater,you’reactuallywearingasheep’shaircut.Sheephavesoft,curlyfurknownaswool.Thecurlscreatepocketsofairthatholdinheat,keepingthesheepwarm.Farmerscutoffsheep’swoolinsummersotheydon’tgettoohot.Weusethishairtomakewarmclothes,socks,andhats.Woolcaneventakeinrainwithoutfeelingwet.Woolalsodoesn’tcatchfireeasily.④Whatdoesyourhairsayaboutyou?Evenyearsafterit’sbeencut,haircantellsurprisingsecrets.Sincehairismadefromoldskinparts,itholdstraces(微量)ofchemicalsthatareinthebodywhenthehairgrows.Whenpeoplearekeptinthesituationofharmfulchemicals,thesetracesstayinthehairlongafterthey’veleftthebody.Testinghaircanhelpdoctorsknowiftherearedangerouschemicalsinthefoodandwater.Haircanalsotelluswhosehairitis,whichcanhelppolicemenpunishpeoplewhobreaklaws.⑤Hairdoesalotforus.Itkeepsuswarmandcool,helpsfarmers,uncoverssecrets,andoffersendlessstylingchoices.Butonethingiscertain.Hairisn’tjustforwigsanymore.1．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthispassage?A．History. B．Fashion. C．Science. D．Health.2．Howdoeshairhelpplantstogrow?A．Itprovidesnitrogen. B．Itbreaksdownsoil. C．Ittakesinrainwater. D．Itnevercatchesfire.3．What’sthemainideaofParagraph4?A．Hairhelpskeepwarm. B．Hairtestingisimportant. C．Haircantellsecrets. D．Hairhelpssolvecrimes.4．Howisthepassageorganized?(P:Paragraph)A．B． C． D．【答案】1．C2．A3．C4．A【解析】本文主要介绍了头发的多种用途和价值。1．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了头发的多种用途和价值，故文章可能出现在杂志的“科学”部分。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据“Hairownsalotofnitrogen(氮),whichisgoodforplantgrowth”可知头发含有大量的氮，有利于植物生长。故选A。3．主旨大意题。根据“Whatdoesyourhairsayaboutyou?Evenyearsafterit’sbeencut,haircantellsurprisingsecrets.”以及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了头发能告诉我们秘密。故选C。1．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出主题，第二至第四段介绍了头发的不同功能；第五段总结。故文章结构是总分总。故选A。主题02人与社会——发明与创造Passage1（24-25九年级上·福建福州·期末）InafieldinEngland,threelittlerobotshavebeengivenagreatjob:tofindandkillgrassbeforeplantingseedsinthesoil.TherobotsarenamedTom,DickandHarry.Tomisthefirstofthethreecleverrobotstostartworking.Hewatchesthecropscarefullyandcollectstheinformationabouteachplant.Hecancreateashortintroductiontoeachplantandevenmakedecisionsonwhatchemicalsareneededforyourcrops.Dickdoesthedirtywork.Hecangotoeachplantthatisdoingbadtothecropsandtakeitout.Plantsthataregoodforthecropsareleft.Hecanspraythingslikechemicalsinordertokeepplantshealthy.Harryisaplanter.Hedigsholesintothefieldandputsseedsintotheground,andrecordswhereheputsthem.Ifaseeddoesn’tgrow,hecaneasilytravelthereandplantsanewseed.ThesmartrobotsaremadebySmallRobot.TheBritishcompanysaysfarmerscouldreducecostsby40%andchemicalusagebyupto95%.Thelittlerobotsallowfarmerstofreetheirsoilsfromchemicals.Usingfewerchemicalsisgoingtosavemuchmoneyandisgoodfortheenvironment.Aswellasreducingtheuseofchemicals,robotswillbringusbettersoilqualityandmoreplantsandanimals.“Wehavetochangefarmingnow,orelsetherewon’tbeanythingtofarm,”saysSmallRobot.2．WhatcanweknowaboutthethreerobotsfromParagraph1?A．Theyarehuge. B．Theyworkinafield.C．Theycanplantseeds. D．TheycomefromAmerica.3．WhichmaybeusedbyDick?A． B． C． D．4．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A．Theharmthatchemicalscause. B．Thecostfarmersspendonfarming.C．Afamouscompanythatproducesrobots. D．Theadvantagesthatthefarmingrobotsbring.5．Whatisthestructureforthepassage?A．B． C． D．6．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．LivingaModernLife B．TheChangesonFarmingC．ProtectingthePlants D．TheHistoryofRobots【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．A5．C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍SmallRobot公司生产的三款改变农作方式的农业智能机器人，主要是关于它们的不同功能和各自的不同工作任务。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Inafield...threelittlerobots...tofindandkillgrass...inthesoil”可知，这三个机器人在农田工作，故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“Hecanspraythingslikechemicalsinordertokeepplantshealthy.”可知，Dick要用工具喷洒化学品，故选A。3．主旨大意题。根据“ThesmartrobotsaremadebySmallRobot.TheBritishcompanysaysfarmerscouldreducecostsby40%andchemicalusagebyupto95%.”及后文的具体解释，可知本段主要讲的是农业机器人带来的好处。故选D。4．篇章结构题。第一段和第六段是开头结尾，中间第二、三、四段各介绍一款机器人，这三段是并列关系，第五段是关于这三款机器人带来的好处。故选A。5．最佳标题题。本文是关于三款改变农作方式的农业智能机器人，主要介绍它们具体的工作方式、任务及优势，标题应该是与农业机器人在当下农业的应用及改变有关，与B选项主题符合。故选B。Passage2（24-25九年级上·山东烟台·期末）Toimprovetheenvironment,manycountriesaredevelopingelectricvehicles(EVs电动汽车).Amongthem,Chinaistakingaleadingroleandhascreatedtheworld’slargestEVmarketaccordingtotheWallStreetJournal.Lastyear,over40percentofthe753,000EVssoldworldwideweresoldinChina,morethantwiceasmanyasthenumbersoldintheUS,accordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency.ChinesedriversarealreadybigfansofEVs.ChineseautocompaniesincludingBYDandBAIC(北汽集团)rankamongthetopintheworldinEVsales.“Charginganelectriccarischeaperthanfillingupafossilfuelcarwithgas,”saidWuHao,whoboughtanelectriccarfromBAICthisyear.However,therearestillsomeproblems.Itcanbehardtofindchargingpiles(充电桩)andthecarscan’tgofarbeforeneedingtoberecharged.Someoftheseproblemsarebeingsolved.In2014,Chinahad31,000chargingpiles,accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency.NowChinahastheworld’slargestEVchargingnetwork,withmorethan167,000chargingpilesintotal,accordingtotheEconomicDaily.DevelopingEVsisoneofmanyeffortsChinahasmadetoreducepressureonitsenvironmentafterthegovernmentpromisedtostopincreasesincarbondioxideemissions(二氧化碳排放量)by2030.“AsChinagoes,sowilltheworld’sautoindustry,”theWallStreetJournalsaid.Chinahastakenaleadingroleintheworld’selectricvehicleindustry.1．Accordingtothearticle,whatroledoesChinaplayintheglobalelectricvehiclemarket?A．Thesmallestelectricvehiclemarket. B．Thelargestelectricvehiclemarket.C．Thecheapestelectricvehiclemarket. D．Theslowestdevelopingelectricvehiclemarket.2．HowmanytimesmoreelectricvehiclesweresoldinChinacomparedtotheUS,accordingtothearticle?A．Halfasmany. B．Thesameamount.C．Twiceasmany. D．Fourtimesasmany.3．WhatisoneofthebenefitsofelectriccarsmentionedbyWuHaointhearticle?A．Theyarefasterthanfossilfuelcars.B．Theyaremoreenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Chargingthemischeaperthanfillingupafossilfuelcarwithgas.D．Theyhavealongerrange(距离范围)thanfossilfuelcars.4．WhatchallengedoesthearticlementionaboutelectricvehiclesinChina?A．Highcostofelectricvehicles. B．Difficultyinfindingchargingpiles.C．Publicdislikeforelectricvehicles. D．Excessive(极大的)rangeofelectricvehicles.【答案】1．B2．C3．C4．B【解析】本文介绍了中国在电动汽车领域的领先地位，还提到了电动汽车的优势、面临的挑战以及中国为解决这些问题所做的努力，强调中国在全球电动汽车产业中发挥着引领作用。1．细节理解题。根据“Chinaistakingaleadingroleandhascreatedtheworld’slargestEVmarketaccordingtotheWallStreetJournal.”可知，中国是全球最大的电动汽车市场。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“Lastyear,over40percentofthe753,000EVssoldworldwideweresoldinChina,morethantwiceasmanyasthenumbersoldintheUS”可知，中国的电动汽车销量是美国的两倍多。故C。3．细节理解题。根据“‘Charginganelectriccarischeaperthanfillingupafossilfuelcarwithgas,’saidWuHao”可知，吴浩提到的优势是电动汽车充电比燃油车加油便宜。故选C。4．细节理解题。根据“However,therearestillsomeproblems.Itcanbehardtofindchargingpilesandthecarscan’tgofarbeforeneedingtoberecharged.”可知，面临的挑战包括难以找到充电桩。故选B。Passage3（24-25九年级上·河南南阳·期末）Nowadaysthepollutionoftheseaisbecominganincreasinglyseriousproblem.Howcanwereducethepollutionintheseaandmaketheunderwaterenvironmentbetter?ScientistsinNorwayhavecreatedanunderwaterrobot,whichcanhelpalot.Therobotis45kginweightandusesspecialcamerastoget3Dimages(图像).Itcandiscoverdifferentkindsofpollutionatthebottomofthesea.Itwillhelpclean-upteamsfindtheareaswherethereisrubbishandthentheycanspendmostoftheirtimeandmoneyremoving(清除)themostharmfulmaterials.Theresearchersputtheirworktothetestinabay(海湾)inthecityofBergen.First,therobotswamupanddowntwometersabovetheseabed,collectinginformation.Thenacomputerturnedtheinformationintoamap,whichshoweddifferentrubbishmaterialsindifferentcolors.Thousandsofobjectswerediscoveredinthebay,includingbottles,metals,plastics,etc.“Bergenisaplacewheredifferentindustriescometogether,andthecityisquiteold,sothere’sahugeamountofrubbish,”saidTrygveOlavFossum,oneoftheresearchers.“Wethinktherubbishinthebayweighs150tonsto300tons.”Itisnotalwayspossibletoremoveeverything.Somethingsaremoreharmful,soit’smoreimportanttoclearthemfromthesea.“Glassisn’treallypollutingthesea,”saidFossum.“Soifyouknowthere’sanareawithalotofglass,youdon’tneedtoworrymuchaboutthatandyoucanpaymoreattentiontothethingsthatareputtingheavymetalsintotheenvironment.”Themapswillbeusedtohelptheclean-upteamslocate(定位)themostharmfulmaterialssothattheycanremovethemfirst.Thankstothedevelopmentofthescienceandtechnology,theunderwaterenvironmentcanbeimprovedalot.Aswellashelpingtodealwithpollution,therobotcanalsoshowwherecreatureslikestarfishareontheseabed.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1．Thetopicofthepassageisabout________.A．health B．nature C．safety D．scienceandtechnology2．Whatcantherobotdo?a.takepictures

b.swimunderwater

c.makeamap

d.removerubbish

e.discoverpollutionA．abc B．abe C．bcd D．bce3．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．Clean-upteamswanttorecycletherubbish.B．Theunderwaterpollutionattractsmuchattention.C．Therearemuchdifferentrubbishindifferentcolors.D．Peopleshouldn’tthrowharmfulmaterialsintothesea.4．What’sthewriter’spurposeoftakingglassforexampleinParagraph4?A．Toshowitisn’talwayspossibletoremoveeverything.B．Toexplainhowseriousthewaterpollutionisinthebay.C．Totellusthemostharmfulthingsshouldberemovedfirst.D．Tocallonclean-upteamstopaymoreattentiontoremovingglass.5．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Anunderwaterrobot B．ThepollutionoftheseaC．Developmentofmodernscience D．EnvironmentalprotectioninNorway【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．C5．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了挪威科学家发明的一种水下机器人，这种机器人能探测海底垃圾并帮助清理污染。1．主旨大意题。根据文章首段的“ScientistsinNorwayhavecreatedanunderwaterrobot,whichcanhelpalot.”和最后一段的“Thankstothedevelopmentofthescienceandtechnology,theunderwaterenvironmentcanbeimprovedalot.”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种能够帮助减少海洋污染的水下机器人，即科技对海洋环境的帮助，故选D。2．细节理解题。根据“Therobotis45kginweightandusesspecialcamerastoget3Dimages(图像).Itcandiscoverdifferentkindsofpollutionatthebottomofthesea.”以及“First,therobotswamupanddowntwometersabovetheseabed,collectinginformation”可知，这款机器人能拍照、游泳以及发现污染。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据“Thenacomputerturnedtheinformationintoamap,whichshoweddifferentrubbishmaterialsindifferentcolors.Thousandsofobjectswerediscoveredinthebay”可知，电脑将机器人收集的信息转换成一张地图，地图上用不同的颜色显示不同的垃圾，机器人在海湾里发现了很多垃圾。故选C。4．推理判断题。根据“‘Glassisn’treallypollutingthesea,’saidFossum.‘Soifyouknowthere’sanareawithalotofglass,youdon’tneedtoworrymuchaboutthatandyoucanpaymoreattentiontothethingsthatareputtingheavymetalsintotheenvironment.’”可知，玻璃并没有真正污染海洋，如果你知道有一个区域有很多玻璃，你不需要太担心，你要更多地关注那些向环境中释放重金属的东西，即作者谈论玻璃，目的是告诉人们要首先处理最有害的垃圾。故选C。5．最佳标题题。根据“Aswellashelpingtodealwithpollution,therobotcanalsoshowwherecreatureslikestarfishareontheseabed.”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款帮助减少海洋污染的水下机器人，A项“水下机器人”符合最佳标题。故选A。主题01人与社会——科普Passage1（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）①Asasayinggoes,“Whenonedrinkswater,onemustnotforgetwhereitcomesfrom.”However,manyteenagersonlycaremoreaboutthemselvesinsteadofotherthings.Gratifyingly,littleMingisanexceptional.TheboywholivedinZhengzhoubytheYellowRiver,askedhismotheraquestionwhichwaspuzzlinghim“Mum,whyisn’tourwaterdirty?Whydoesittastesofresh?”Hismothersmiled,andtoldhim“That’sbecausethewaterinourhousecomesfromtheDanRiverinthesouth,bymeansoftheSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversion(转移)Project.”WhatistheSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProject?②Asearlyas1952,ChairmanMaoZedongpointedout“Thereisplentyofwaterinthesouthofourcountry,butashortageofwaterinthenorth.Ifpossible,weshouldborrowsomewaterfromthesouth.”ThiswasthefirsttimethegreatideaoftheSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProjecthadbeenmentioned.Thisproject,asitsnamesuggests,simplymeans________.Howisthewaterdiverted?③Fromtheplanfortheproject,youcandiscoverthatmostofthewaterwillcomefromtheYangtzeRiver.ThisisbecausetheYangtzeRiverisChina’slargestriverbasin,wherewaterresourcesareconstantlystable.Youcanalsodiscoverthatthewholeprojectisdividedintowestern,centralandeasternroutes,tobecompletedoneaftertheother,startingwiththeeasternone.AndacloselookattheplanwillshowthattheYangtzeRiver’swaterisextracted(抽取)byapumpingstation,andissentthroughachanneloveronethousandkilometerstoTianjinandotherplacesnearby.④China’sgreatwaterdiversionprojecthastransferrednearly30billioncubicmetersofwaterinthepastfiveyears.ThefirstpartoftheSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProject’scentralroutehasdirectlyhelpedover120millionpeoplesinceitwentintooperationonDec.12,2014,accordingtotheMinistryofWaterResources.1．Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthefirstparagraphis________.A．tointroducethetopicandcatchreaders’attentionB．toexplainthereasonforthecleanandsweetwaterclearlyC．totellthereaderswhatthepeople’slifeinZhengzhouislikeD．toshowtherouteoftheSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProject2．WhichsentenceshouldgoontheemptylineinParagraph2?A．divertingwaterfromtheYangtzeRivertotheYellowRiver.B．divertingwaterfromtheYellowRivertotheYangtzeRiver.C．divertingwaterfromNorthChinatothesouthernpartsofthecountry.D．divertingwaterfromSouthChinatothenorthernpartsofthecountry.3．Accordingtothepassage,thecorrectorderis________.①over120millionpeoplehavebenefitedfromtheproject.②thegreatprojectstartedwiththeeasternroute.③onDec.12,2014theprojectwasputintouse.④ChairmanMaoZedongadvisedtoborrowwaterfromthesouth.⑤thesituationofwatershortageinthenorthwasveryserious.A．④⑤②③① B．⑤④②③① C．⑤④①②③ D．④⑤①②③4．What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A．ThreeroutesoftheWaterDiversionProject B．TheSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProjectC．LittleMing’sQuestionandMum’sAnswer D．ThereportfromtheMinistryofWaterResources【答案】1．A2．D3．B4．B【解析】本文介绍了南水北调工程及其实施情况。1．推理判断题。根据第一段“…Mum,whyisn’tourwaterdirty?Whydoesittastesofresh…”可知，通过小明的问题和妈妈的回答将话题引到南水北调工程，所以第一