浙江省宁波市部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期期中联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省宁波市部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期期中联考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADifferentfromatext-heavynovel,coffeetablebooksofferlargeimagesandsmallersectionsoftext,allowingustoeasilydiveinandexplore.TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt:MasterpiecePaintingsbyKathrynCalleyGalitzIfyou’reunabletowanderalongthecorridorsofthisworld-famousmuseumyourself,don’tworry:thisbookoffersanimpressiveinsightintosomeofthemasterpieceshousedhere.Amazingimageswillattractthecasualreader,whileviewsfromGalitz,directorofthemuseum,ondifferentpiecesaresettoengageartandhistoryloversalike.DestinationsofaLifetime:225oftheWorld’sMostAmazingPlacesbyNationalGeographicWithlarge,strikingphotos,amereglancethroughthisbookwillfueltheurgetotravel.Besidesafewofthehotplaces,thereareplentyofdestinationsyoumaynothaveheardof.Alongsideimagesofdramaticlandscapes,accompanyinghandytipsonexperiencingthemlikealocal.SecretGardenersbyVictoriaSummerleyWhenthinkingofsomeofBritain’smostfamousnames,theirbusy,jet-setlifestylesprobablyspringtomind.But,awayfromthepubliceye,theseindividualsarejustlikeus,andlovenothingmorethanspendinghoursintheirgardens.Thepagesofthisbeautifulbooksharefantasticimagesfromthegardensof25well-knownpersonalities.TheStoryofFood:AnIllustratedHistoryofEverythingWeEatbyDKTheoriginsandfactsofdifferentingredientsareincludedinthisbook,alongwithexplorationsintothedevelopmentofcookingovertheages.Thebookismoretext-heavy,butdon’tletthatputyouoff:therearestillplentyofbeautifulphotosandvividillustrationsthroughout.1.Whichofthefollowingbooksincludesopinionsfromanexpert?A.SecretGardeners. B.TheStoryofFood.C.DestinationsofaLifetime. D.TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.2.WhatdoesVictoriawriteabout?A.Historyofcooking. B.Tipsontravelingcheaply.C.BusylifestylesofBritishpeople. D.PrivategardensinBritain.3.WhatmakesTheStoryofFooddifferentfromtheotherthree?A.Itcontainsbiggersectionsofwords. B.Itprovidesunfamiliarinformation.C.Itattractscasualreadersandspecialists. D.Itsharesamazingimages.【答案】1.D2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四本适合放在咖啡桌上的画册，包括其内容特色、亮点及适合的读者群体。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt:MasterpiecePaintingsbyKathrynCalleyGalitz中的“Amazingimageswillattractthecasualreader,whileviewsfromGalitz,directorofthemuseum,ondifferentpiecesaresettoengageartandhistoryloversalike.(令人惊叹的图片会吸引普通读者，而博物馆馆长加利茨对不同作品的观点，定会吸引艺术和历史爱好者)”可知，《大都会艺术博物馆：杰作画作》一书包含了专家（博物馆馆长）的观点。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据SecretGardenersbyVictoriaSummerley中的“Thepagesofthisbeautifulbooksharefantasticimagesfromthegardensof25well-knownpersonalities.(这本精美书籍的书页中，分享了25位知名人士花园的精彩图片)”可知，维多利亚（Victoria）的《秘密园丁》一书描写的是英国的私人花园。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据TheStoryofFood:AnIllustratedHistoryofEverythingWeEatbyDK中的“Thebookismoretext-heavy,butdon’tletthatputyouoff:therearestillplentyofbeautifulphotosandvividillustrationsthroughout.(这本书文字较多，但别因此却步：书中仍有大量精美照片和生动插图)”可知，《食物的故事》与其他三本书的不同之处在于它包含更多的文字内容。故选A项。BSingaporeisknownasaworld’smosthighlydevelopedcountry,withwell-equippedapartments.Butforoneman,thatcouldn’tbefurtherfromtheplacehecalledhome—ashelterinoneofthecountry’sforests.OnmeetingOhGoSeng,thefirstthingthatstrikesyouisthebrightlightinhiseyes.Hewearshis79yearsverylightly,lookinginfarbettershapethanmanypeoplehalfhisage.Mr.OhgrewuptogetherwithhisfamilyinSungeiTengah,alocalkampongorvillage.Inthe1980s,however,thesekampongswereknockeddown,tomakewayfornewhigh-risebuildings.Mostkampongresidentswereofferednewhomesbythegovernment,butMr.Ohwasunabletogetaplaceofhisown.Hisbrother,however,didgetagovernmentflatandMr.Ohwasinvitedtolivethere,butheeventuallymovedoutashesaidhedidnotwanttobotherthefamily.So,heheadedbacktoaforestclosetowherehisoldhomeoncestoodandstartedtospendnightsinashelter.Upongettingclosetotheshelter,youseeashesinthedoorwayfromtheopenfirethatMr.Ohwouldcookon.Thegardennearhistentiswherehewouldgrowhisownfood.Thetoweringjackfruittreeoverhistent,hesays,providedenoughshade,andheneverfeltuncomfortable.Lonelinesswasneveraproblemeither,hesays.Hekepthimselfbusytakingcareofhisgarden,althoughthat,headds,wasmadeeasybythegoodgrowingconditions.Theworstaspectoflivingintheforest,hesays,wasthemice.Theywouldfindtheirwayintohisshelterandbiteholesinhisclothes.InFebruarythisyear—onthefirstdayoftheLunarNewYear,Mr.Ohwasgivenanewhometolivein.Henowworksasadriver,transportingforeignworkersfromonejobtoanother,andsometimesdoesgardeningwork,hesays.4.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Ohfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Helivesinaverygoodapartment.B.Heloveshiswell-equippedshelterC.Helooksyoungforhisage.D.Heisveryfondoflightclothes.5.Whywerethosekampongsremovedinthe1980s?A.Anewroadwouldbebuilt.B.Theywereinbadcondition.C.Thevillagerswantednewhomes.D.Theyhadtomakeroomfornewbuildings.6.WhydidMr.Ohmoveoutofhisbrother’sflat?A.Hepreferredtolivealoneinnature.B.Hedidn’twanttotroublehisfamily.C.Hedidn’twanttoworkwithhisfamily.D.Hehadanargumentwithhisfamily.7.WhatisMr.Oh’sattitudetowardslivingintheshelter?A.Positive. B.Upset. C.Worried. D.Unconcerned【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述新加坡老人吴高成（OhGoSeng）因村庄拆迁曾长期居住在森林庇护所，后获新居并工作的经历。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hewearshis79yearsverylightly,lookinginfarbettershapethanmanypeoplehalfhisage.(他79岁的年纪却显得很年轻，身体状况比许多年纪只有他一半的人都要好)”可知，吴先生看起来比实际年龄年轻。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Inthe1980s,however,thesekampongswereknockeddown,tomakewayfornewhigh-risebuildings.(然而，在20世纪80年代，这些村落被拆除，为新的高层建筑腾出空间)”可知，20世纪80年代村落被拆除是为了给新建筑让路。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hisbrother,however,didgetagovernmentflatandMr.Ohwasinvitedtolivethere,

butheeventuallymovedoutashesaidhedidnotwanttobotherthefamily.(不过，他的哥哥的确得到了一套政府公寓，吴先生被邀请住在那里，但他最终还是搬了出去，因为他说不想打扰家人)”可知，吴先生搬出哥哥家是因为不想麻烦家人。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Thetoweringjackfruittreeoverhistent,hesays,providedenoughshade,andheneverfeltuncomfortable.(他说，帐篷上方高耸的菠萝蜜树提供了足够的树荫，他从未觉得不舒服)”及第五段中的“Lonelinesswasneveraproblemeither,hesays.(他说，孤独也从来不是问题)”可知，吴先生对居住在庇护所的生活持积极态度。故选A项。CInordertohelpdiscoverspoilage(变质)andreducefoodwasteforsupermarketsandconsumers,researchershavedevelopednewlow-cost,smartphone-linked,eco-friendlyspoilagesensorsformeatandfishpackaging.OneinthreeUKconsumersthrowawayfoodjustbecauseitreachestheuse-bydate,but60%(4.2milliontons)ofthe£12.5billion-worthoffoodwethrowawayeachyearissafetoeat.Theresearchers,whosefindingswerepublishedinACSSensors,saythesensorscouldalsofinallyreplacetheuse-bydate,whichisnowwidelyusedtotelliffoodisfreshandeatable.ThesensorscosttwoUScentseachtomake.Knownas“paper-basedelectricalgassensors(PEGS)”,theysensespoilagegaseslikeammonia(apoisonousgaswithastrongunpleasantsmell)inmeatandfishproducts.Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.LeadauthorDr.FiratGuder,ofImperial’sDepartmentofBioengineering,said,“Althoughthey’redesignedtokeepussafe,use-bydatescanleadtoeatablefoodbeingthrownaway.Theydon’talwaysreflectitsactualfreshness.Infact,peopleoftengetsickfromfood-bornediseasesduetopoorstorage,evenwhenanitemiswithinitsuse-bydate.“Thesesensorsarecheapenoughsowehopetoseesupermarketsusingthemwithinthreeyears.OurgoalistousePEGSinfoodpackagingtoreduceunnecessaryfoodwaste.”TheauthorshopethatPEGScouldhaveapplications(应用)beyondfoodprocessing,likesensingchemicalsinagriculture,airquality,anddetectingdiseasemarkersinbreath.8.WhatisthefunctionofPEGSaccordingtothetext?A.Toimprovetheserviceofstores.B.Tohelpsupermarketsstorefoods.C.Toimprovethetasteoffoodproducts.D.Tohelppeopletestfoodfreshness.9.WhatroledoesthesmartphoneplaywhilePEGSarefunctioning?A.Itactsasanelectronicnose.B.ItreadstheinformationcollectedbyPEGS.C.Itdiscoversthespoilagegasesfromfoods.D.Ithelpsprintthegassensorsontopaper.10.WhatdoesDr.FiratGudersayaboutuse-bydates?A.Theyarenotcompletelyreliable. B.Theycanhelpreducefoodwaste.C.Theyarenotacceptedbyconsumers. D.Theyarebasedonscientificresearch.11.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthetext?A.Theprocessofresearchingspoilagesensors.B.Anewtechnologyinpackagingtoreducefoodwaste.C.Use-bydates’influenceonsupermarketsandconsumers.D.Variousapplicationsoftheelectronicnoseinfoodstorage.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一种低成本、环保的食品变质传感器PEGS，其功能、优势及应用前景。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Knownas“paper-basedelectricalgassensors(PEGS)”,theysensespoilagegaseslikeammoniainmeatandfishproducts.Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.(这种传感器被称为“纸基电子气体传感器（PEGS）”，它们能检测肉类和鱼类产品中氨等变质气体。电子鼻提供的信息会被智能手机接收，然后你就能知道食物是否新鲜、是否可以安全食用)”可知，PEGS的功能是帮助人们检测食物的新鲜度。故选D项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.(电子鼻提供的信息会被智能手机接收，然后你就能知道食物是否新鲜、是否可以安全食用)”可知，PEGS工作时，智能手机的作用是读取PEGS收集到的信息。故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Althoughthey’redesignedtokeepussafe,use-bydatescanleadtoeatablefoodbeingthrownaway.Theydon’talwaysreflectitsactualfreshness.(虽然保质期的设计是为了保护我们的安全，但它可能会导致可食用的食物被丢弃。它们并不总能反映食物的实际新鲜度)”可知，FiratGuder博士认为保质期并非完全可靠。故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Inordertohelpdiscoverspoilageandreducefoodwasteforsupermarketsandconsumers,researchershavedevelopednewlow-cost,smartphone-linked,eco-friendlyspoilagesensorsformeatandfishpackaging.(为了帮助超市和消费者发现食物变质并减少食物浪费，研究人员开发了一种新型低成本、可连接智能手机、环保的肉类和鱼类包装变质传感器)”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种用于包装的新技术PEGS，其核心目的是减少食物浪费。故选B项。DIn1995,amiddle-agedmannamedMcArthurWheelerrobbedtwobanksinPittsburghduringtheday.Hedidn’twearamask—heevensmiledatthesecuritycamerasbeforeleavingeachbank.Thatnight,thepolicearrestedhim.WhenofficersshowedWheelerthecameratapes,helookedshockedandsaid,“ButIusedthejuice!”Wheelerthoughtrubbinglemonjuiceonhisskinwouldmakehiminvisibletothecameras.Heknewlemonjuiceworksas“invisibleink”—youcan’tseewhat’swrittenwithitunlessyouheatthepaper.Sohebelievedhewouldn’tshowuponthetapesifhestayedawayfromheat.ThisstrangecasegottheattentionofDavidDunning,apsychologistatCornellUniversity.HeaskedhisgraduatestudentJustinKrugertohelpfigureoutwhatwasgoingon.Theyfoundthatalmosteveryonethinkstheirabilities(likesocialskillsorthinkingskills)aregood,butsomepeoplemistakenlybelievetheirabilitiesaremuchbetterthantheyreallyare.Thiswrongsenseofconfidenceisnowcalledthe“Dunning-Krugereffect.”Tostudythis,DunningandKrugerdidexperimentswithcollegestudents.Inonetest,theyaskedstudentsquestionsaboutgrammar,logicandjokes.Thentheyhadthestudentsguesstheirscoresandhowtheydidcomparedtoothers.Thestudentswhoscoredthelowestoverestimatedtheirabilitiesthemost.Forexample,thoseatthebottomthoughttheydidbetterthantwo-thirdsoftheotherstudents!It’scommonforpeopletooverestimatetheirabilities.Buttheproblemwithunskilledpeopleisthattheynotonlymakebadchoices—theyalsocan’ttellthey’remakingmistakes.Inayear-longstudy,goodstudentscouldbetterguesstheirfutureexamscoresiftheygotfeedback(反馈)ontheirgrades.Butpoorstudentsstilldidn’trealizetheyweredoingbadly,evenwhentheygotclear,repeatedfeedback.Insteadofthinkingabouttheirmistakes,theyinsistedtheywereright.AsCharlesDarwinwroteinTheDescentofMan(1871):“Ignorancemorefrequentlybegetsconfidencethandoesknowledge.”Interestingly,verysmartpeoplealsocan’tassesstheirabilitiesaccurately.JustasDandFstudentsoverestimatetheirskills,Astudentsunderestimatetheirs.Thedifferenceis:ifgivenhelpfulfeedback,skilledpeoplecanadjusttheirself-assessment—butunskilledpeoplecan’t.12.WhydidMcArthurWheelerrublemonjuiceonhisskinbeforerobbingthebanks?A.Hewantedtoprotecthisskinfromthesun.B.Hethoughtitwouldmakecamerasunabletocatchhim.C.Heusedittohidethesmellofhissweatinthebank.D.Hebelieveditcouldhelphimstaycalmduringtherobbery.13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheDunning-KrugereffectisTRUE?A.Theeffectistrueforeveryoneindailylife.B.Itsuggeststhatmostpeoplelackabilities.C.Somepeopleareoverconfidentabouttheirabilities.D.Theconclusionismadebasedonmanybankrobberies.14.Theunderlinedword“begets”inParagraph4canbereplacedby“________”.A.resultsin B.makesuseof C.bringsdown D.breaksawayfrom15.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Trueknowledgemeansknowinghowmuchyoudon’tknow.B.It’simpossibleforpeopletojudgetheirrealabilitylevel.C.Wrongconfidenceisthemainreasonwhypeoplefail.D.Peoplewithgreatabilitiesoftenhavealowopinionofthemselves.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章通过麦克阿瑟·惠勒抢劫银行的荒诞案例引出“邓宁-克鲁格效应”，即部分人错误地高估自身能力，而高能力者可能低估自己但能通过反馈调整认知，揭示了自我评估中的认知偏差现象。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Wheelerthoughtrubbinglemonjuiceonhisskinwouldmakehiminvisibletothecameras.Heknewlemonjuiceworksas“invisibleink”—youcan’tseewhat’swrittenwithitunlessyouheatthepaper.Sohebelievedhewouldn’tshowuponthetapesifhestayedawayfromheat.(惠勒认为在皮肤上涂抹柠檬汁会使他在摄像头前隐形。他知道柠檬汁可以当作“隐形墨水”——除非加热纸张，否则你看不到用柠檬汁写的东西。所以他认为，如果他远离热源，就不会出现在录像带上。)”可知，惠勒认为柠檬汁能让他在监控中“隐形”，因为柠檬汁作为隐形墨水需加热才会显现，他误以为远离热源就不会被摄像头捕捉。所以他涂柠檬汁是为了让摄像头无法拍到自己，故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theyfoundthatalmosteveryonethinkstheirabilities(likesocialskillsorthinkingskills)aregood,butsomepeoplemistakenlybelievetheirabilitiesaremuchbetterthantheyreallyare.Thiswrongsenseofconfidenceisnowcalledthe“Dunning-Krugereffect.”(他们发现，几乎每个人都认为自己的能力（如社交能力或思维能力）很好，但有些人错误地认为自己的能力比实际要好得多。这种错误的自信感现在被称为“邓宁-克鲁格效应”。)”可知，邓宁-克鲁格效应指部分人错误地高估自身能力，即“过度自信”。C项“Somepeopleareoverconfidentabouttheirabilities(有些人对自己的能力过于自信)”符合定义，故选C项。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“poorstudentsstilldidn’trealizetheyweredoingbadly,evenwhentheygotclear,repeatedfeedback.Insteadofthinkingabouttheirmistakes,theyinsistedtheywereright(差生仍然没有意识到自己表现不佳，即使他们得到了明确、反复的反馈。他们没有反思自己的错误，反而坚持认为自己是对的)”可知，差生仍然没有意识到自己表现不佳，即使他们得到了明确、反复的反馈。他们没有反思自己的错误，反而坚持认为自己是对的，再根据“Ignorancemorefrequently…confidencethandoesknowledge(无知比知识更经常地……自信)”可知，画线词上文提到了无知，下文提到了自信和知识，可推理出此处说的是无知更易导致自信，而知识反而抑制这种盲目自信。所以begets在此意为“导致”，与A项“resultsin(导致)”同义，故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Interestingly,verysmartpeoplealsocan’tassesstheirabilitiesaccurately.JustasDandFstudentsoverestimatetheirskills,Astudentsunderestimatetheirs.Thedifferenceis:ifgivenhelpfulfeedback,skilledpeoplecanadjusttheirself-assessment—butunskilledpeoplecan’t(有趣的是，非常聪明的人也无法准确评估自己的能力。就像D和F档的学生高估自己的技能一样，A档的学生低估了自己的技能。区别在于：如果得到有用的反馈，有技能的人可以调整他们的自我评估——但没有技能的人不能)”可知，高能力者低估自己但能通过反馈调整认知，低能力者则无法意识到自身错误。由此可推断“真正的知识意味着清楚自身认知的边界”，即“知之为知之，不知为不知”。A项“Trueknowledgemeansknowinghowmuchyoudon’tknow(真正的知识意味着知道自己的不足)”符合这一逻辑，故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ColdweatherisgoodforyouWithwinterapproaching,peoplebegintocomplainaboutcoldweather.___16___There’splentytoloveaboutcoldweather.Andthere’splentyofevidencethatcoolertemperaturescanbepartofahealthylife.First,coolertemperaturescanhelpyouloseweight.Itcanalsohelpyousleepbetter.Youmightfeeluncomfortableatfirstifyoucoolyourbedroomdown.Butifyou,forexample,switchyourbedroomtemperaturefrom72downto62degreesgraduallyoverafewweeks,yourbodywilladjust.___17___Ihavelongkeptmywinterhousetemperatureat62degrees.HowdidIfindthatnumber?Well,Iexperimentedonmyselfabouteightyearsago.___18___Istartedat66andturneditdownonedegreeeveryfewdaysuntil60.Ifoundwhenthetemperaturewascolderthan62,Icouldn’tfocus.But62wasperfect.Anotherbenefitformewasthatitalsokeptmeclear-headedwhileworkingathome.Interestingly,sciencealsosays62degreesisthemagicnumberforbrainwork.___19___Itsaid62degreeswasthetemperatureatwhichtheschoolboysubjectsofthestudyfunctionedperfect.Andwhilewe’respeakingofworkandschool,otherresearchshowsthatpeoplestudybetterwhentheweatheroutsideis“bad”.___20___ButaccordingtoaHarvardHealthLetterfrom2010,propercoldtemperaturescouldbegoodforskinbecauseittrainsbloodvesselsintheskintoberesponsive.So,rosycheeks!There’snoreasontobeafraidofwinterweather.Hugitandyou,too,canenjoytheseason.A.Irecentlyreada1972study.B.Andyou’llsavemoneyonenergycostsaswell.C.Manypeopleliketousecoldwatertowashtheirface.D.Atthattime,Iworkedathomeandlikedwarmtemperature.E.Mostofusthinkcoldweatherleadstodryskinandwrinkling.F.ThereasonwasthatIhatedspendingmoneyonheatingbills.G.Butifyou’reactiveandhealthy,itdoesn’thavetobeanegativething.【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.A20.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。作者从自身经验出发论证了低温对身体健康的好处，比如：低温可以帮助你减肥。它也有助于您保持清醒，还可以节省取暖费用。且这一论点已经得到了科学的论证——哈佛大学2010年的一封健康信指出，适当的低温对皮肤有好处，因为它能训练皮肤中的血管做出反应。【16题详析】根据下文There’splentytoloveaboutcoldweather.可知，寒冷的天气有很多让人喜欢的地方，再根据上文Withwinterapproaching,peoplebegintocomplainaboutcoldweather.人们抱怨寒冷的天气，可推测上文是提出寒冷的天气也未必是一件坏事，故选G。【17题详析】根据上文Butifyou,forexample,switchyourbedroomtemperaturefrom72downto62degreesgraduallyoverafewweeks,yourbodywilladjust.（但是，举例来说，如果你在几周内把卧室的温度从72度逐渐调低到62度，你的身体就会做出调整。）可推测，下文继续对这一行为进行说明：你还可以节省能源方面的支出。故选B。【18题详析】根据上文HowdidIfindthatnumber?Well,Iexperimentedonmyselfabouteightyearsago.（我是怎么找到这个数字的?八年前我在自己身上做过实验。）可推测，下文是作者描述自己这么做的原因是：原因是我讨厌把钱花在取暖费上。故选F。【19题详析】根据上文Interestingly,sciencealsosays62degreesisthemagicnumberforbrainwork.（有趣的是，科学也说62度是脑力劳动的神奇数字。）可知，下文要提到科学方面的研究，science可对应到A选项中的study，故选A。【20题详析】根据下文ButaccordingtoaHarvardHealthLetterfrom2010,propercoldtemperaturescouldbegoodforskinbecauseittrainsbloodvesselsintheskintoberesponsive.（但根据哈佛大学2010年的一封健康信，适当的低温对皮肤有好处，因为它能训练皮肤中的血管做出反应。）可知，But为转折连词，即前后文意思相反，故前文应为人们对低温的误解：我们大多数人认为寒冷的天气会导致皮肤干燥和起皱纹。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AfterMaggieDoynegraduatedfromhighschool,shedecidedtotakeagapyeartravelingtheworldbeforestartingcollege.She____21____afewofherbelongingsandsetoff.Thejourneychangedherlifeandthelivesofhundredsoforphanedchildren(孤儿)forever.In2006,DoynetookatripinNepal,Asia.HavinggrownupinNewJersey,Doynewas____22____toseesomanyorphanedchildrenlivingonthestreets.Oneday,shesawalittlegirlnamedHemacarrying____23____toandfromthevillage.Sheearnedtwodollarsadaytosupportherself.Shelaterfoundoutthattherewere80millionchildrenacrosstheglobelivinglikeHema.Shethoughttoherself,“____24____the80million.WhatifIstartwithHema?”ItwasthenthatshedecidedtotakeHemaunderherwingandpayforhereducation.ButhelpingHemawasnotenoughforDoyne.Doyneusedher____25____tobuyanacreofland.Then,shebuiltthekidsahome,theKopilaValleyChildren’sHome.Now,theDoSomethingFoundationisdoingsomethingforDoyne.Theorganizationprovidesresourcesandsupportforteensthatwanttomakea(n)____26____intheworld.OnThursdaynight,thefoundation____27____Doynethe$100,000prizewinnerofthe2009DoSomethingAward.TheKopilaValleyChildren’sHome____28____openeditsdoorsin2008.Doyne,now22yearsold,hashelpedmorethan700otherorphansfindfamilies.Shealso____29____aprogramthatprovidesscholarshipsfor____30____familiestosendtheirchildrentoschool.Thechildrenlearnbasicskillssuchassewingandcooking.Theyalsogrowtheirownfoodintheirgardenandraisefarmanimals.Doyne____31____thatshedidn’thaveitall____32____whenshefirstarrivedinNepal.“Ijustfeltthattherewassomethingthereforme,”shesaid.Herparentswere____33____ofher.____34____itwasachallengetopersuadeotheradultsthatan18-year-oldgirlcouldcompletesuchabigproject,Doynenevergaveuponfundraising.Injustoverayear,shehadenoughmoneytobuildherdreamhome.Doyne’sstoryisagood____35____thatalthoughwecannotsolvealltheworld’sproblemsonourown,wecantakethefirststepofsolvingoneproblem.21.A.packedup B.brokeup C.builtup D.pickedup22.A.alarmed B.excited C.annoyed D.shocked23.A.messages B.loads C.passengers D.money24.A.Forget B.Mention C.Require D.Reduce25.A.belongings B.budgets C.savings D.credits26.A.plan B.difference C.research D.living27.A.named B.gave C.offered D.called28.A.simply B.officially C.frequently D.regularly29.A.runs B.employs C.accepts D.sets30.A.wealthy B.important C.great D.needy31.A.announces B.promises C.admits D.refuses32.A.putout B.setout C.carriedout D.figuredout33.A.doubtful B.satisfied C.confident D.supportive34.A.Eventhough B.Aslongas C.Asif D.Incase35.A.informer B.predictor C.reminder D.creator【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.A25.C26.B27.A28.B29.A30.D31.C32.D33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了MaggieDoyne高中毕业后休学环游世界，在尼泊尔目睹孤儿的艰难处境后，毅然投身公益，创办儿童之家、运营助学项目，帮助数百名孤儿和贫困家庭儿童改善生活与教育条件的故事。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她收拾了几件行李就出发了。A.packedup收拾，打包；B.brokeup分手、解散；C.builtup建立、积累；D.pickedup捡起、学会。根据前文“takeagapyeartravelingtheworld”和后文“setoff（出发）”，可知旅行前需收拾个人物品，故选A项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Doyne在新泽西长大，看到这么多孤儿流落街头，她感到震惊。A.alarmed警觉的、担忧的；B.excited兴奋的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.shocked震惊的。根据前文文“takeagapyeartravelingtheworldbeforestartingcollege.”和后文“seesomanyorphanedchildrenlivingonthestreets”可知生活环境优越的她，面对“孤儿流落街头”的陌生场景，应是“震惊”，故选D项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她看到一个名叫赫马的小女孩在村里村外搬运重物。A.messages信息；B.loads重物、负载；C.passengers乘客；D.money钱。根据后文“Sheearnedtwodollarsadaytosupportherself”可知，小女孩靠体力劳动谋生，“搬运重物”符合“体力劳动”的语境，故选B项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她心里想：“先别管这8000万孩子了，从赫马开始怎么样？”A.Forget暂且不提、放下；B.Mention提及；C.Require要求；D.Reduce减少。根据后文“WhatifIstartwithHema?”可知面对全球8000万孤儿的庞大数量，多因选择从身边的赫马入手，“Forget”在此表示“暂且不提、放下”，符合逻辑，故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Doyne用自己的积蓄买了一英亩土地。A.belongings财物；B.budgets预算；C.savings积蓄；D.credits学分、信贷。根据文章开头“AfterMaggieDoynegraduatedfromhighschool”可知当时多因是刚高中毕业的学生，无稳定收入，购买土地的钱应是自己积攒的“积蓄”，故选C项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织为想要改变世界的青少年提供资源和支持。A.plan计划；B.difference不同；C.research研究；D.living生计。根据前文“Theorganizationprovidesresourcesandsupportforteens”可知该组织想要做贡献，固定搭配“makeadifference”意为“有影响、起作用”，符合“想要为世界做贡献”的语境，故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：周四晚上，该基金会宣布Doyne获得2009年“行动起来奖”10万美元奖金。A.named宣布（某人为获奖者）；B.gave给予；C.offered提供；D.called称呼。根据后文“Doynethe$100,000prizewinnerofthe2009DoSomethingAward”可知Doyne获得奖金，“namesb.thewinner”是固定表达，意为“宣布某人为获奖者”，符合基金会颁奖的正式场景，故选A项。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：科皮拉谷儿童之家于2008年正式成立。A.simply仅仅；B.officially正式地；C.frequently频繁地；D.regularly定期地。根据后文“openeditsdoors”可知此处指儿童之家正式投入运营，“officially”强调“正式、合规”，符合语境，故选B项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还运营着一个项目，为贫困家庭提供奖学金，让他们能送孩子上学。A.runs运营、管理；B.employs雇佣；C.accepts接受；D.sets设立。结合后文“providesscholarships”可知，Doyne是项目的管理者，“runs”体现对项目的日常运营，故选A项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她还运营着一个项目，为贫困家庭提供奖学金，让他们能送孩子上学。A.wealthy富有的；B.important重要的；C.great伟大的；D.needy贫困的、有需要的。根据后文“familiestosendtheirchildrentoschool”可知是需要奖学金支持才能送孩子上学的家庭，所以是“贫困的”，“needy”符合语境，故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Doyne承认，她刚到尼泊尔时并没有把一切都想清楚。A.announces宣布；B.promises承诺；C.admits承认；D.refuses拒绝。根据后文“Ijustfeltthattherewassomethingthereforme”可知，她当时并无完整规划，这是一种坦诚的“承认”，故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Doyne承认，她刚到尼泊尔时并没有把一切都想清楚。A.putout扑灭；B.setout出发；C.carriedout执行；D.figuredout弄明白、想清楚。根据后文“Ijustfeltthattherewassomethingthereforme”可知只是感觉，并“没有完整规划”，也就是她当时并未“弄清楚”要做什么，故选D项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的父母很支持她。A.doubtful怀疑的；B.satisfied满意的；C.confident自信的；D.supportive支持的。根据后文Doyne能顺利筹款建儿童之家，可推断父母给予了支持，“supportive”直接体现“支持的”态度，故选D项。【34题详析】考查连词短语辨析。句意：尽管要说服其他成年人相信一个18岁的女孩能完成这样一个大项目是个挑战，但多因从未放弃筹款。A.Eventhough尽管；B.Aslongas只要；C.Asif好像；D.Incase以防。根据后文“itwasachallengetopersuadeotheradultsthatan18-year-oldgirlcouldcompletesuchabigproject,Doynenevergaveuponfundraising”可知“说服他人有挑战”与“不放弃筹款”之间是转折让步关系，“Eventhough”引导让步状语从句，符合逻辑，故选A项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Doyne的故事很好地提醒我们，虽然我们无法独自解决世界上所有的问题，但我们可以迈出解决一个问题的第一步。A.informer告密者；B.predictor预测者；C.reminder提醒物、启示；D.creator创造者。根据后文“althoughwecannotsolvealltheworld’sproblemsonown,wecantakethefirststepofsolvingoneproblem”可知Doyne的故事传递的道理是对人们的“提醒”，让人们明白“从小事做起”的意义，故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Youhaveheardabouttea'shealthbenefits,butnotallthenews_____36_____（be）good.Thelateststudy,ledbyFarhadIslami,fromtheAmericanCancerSociety,hasfoundthat_____37_____（drink）toohotteamaydoubleyourriskofesophagus（食道）cancer.Whilepreviousstudieshavefoundalink_____38_____hotdrinksandthistypeofcancer,thisisthefirststudyto_____39_____（accurate）figureoutthetemperatureatwhichahotliquidbecomesrisky.Dr.Islamiandhiscolleaguesfindthattheconstantdamageofstomach_____40_____（cause）byswallowingthehotliquidsmayspeedupthegrowthofcancer.Whilethe_____41_____（result）areunsettling,itmayhelpyoutoknowthatoutofthemorethan49,000teadrinkersin_____42_____study,only317developedesophaguscancer.Inotherwords,theoverallriskisstillsmall.Thestudyhasalsoshowedthatalthoughblackandgreenteashaveantioxidants（抗氧化剂）_____43_____canhelpreducecancerrisk,thereareotherunknowncompounds（化合物）intheteasthatmayhaveaharmfuleffectonyourbodywhenthey_____44_____（make）toohot.Beforedrinkin