考前押题02 阅读还原4大常考话题（各地名校好题）（期末复习专项训练）（解析版）

专题02阅读还原4大常考话题话题1方法策略（常考点）话题2安全与救护话题3家人和亲人话题4体育健身话题1方法策略Passage1（24-25高二上・四川成都石室中学）Maybeyouareprobablygettinganearful(训斥)fromyourinnervoice.1.Hereareseveralwaystochangeyourself-talkscriptandtouseyourinnervoicestoperformbetter.ListencriticallytoyourinnercriticInhigh-pressuresituations,self-talkisoftencritical.Insteadofthinkingdeliberatelyandlogically,ourinnervoicesarecausedbyemotion.Thatinfluenceseverythingfromhowwetalktoourselvestoourbehaviors.2.Andwhenyourinnervoicesstarttofillwithwordsoffrustrationanddiscouragement,pausetheconversationasyouconsiderwaystochangeit.CreatepsychologicaldistancefromyourselfOneeffectivewaytomanagestressistocreatepsychologicaldistance.Thiscanbeachievedbyusingsecond-orthird-personpronounswhenreferringtothesituation.Askingyourself,“Whyareyoufeelingsostressed?”isonewaytocreatethepsychologicaldistanceyouneedtoregulateemotion.3.Fityourconversationtoyourgoal4.Instructionalself-talklike“shouldersback”or“keeptheleftarmstraight”workstoimprovetechnique.Motivationalself-talksuchas“you’vegotthis”or“keepgoing”canhelpwithconfidence,strength,orendurance.It’simportanttobeawareofthetypeofself-talkyouareusingandmakesureitalignswithyourgoalsandneeds.5Demeaningornegativeself-talkisonlygoingtoincreaseyourstressandholdyouback.Instead,speakcompassionatelytoyourself—justasyouwouldtoafriend.Recreatenegativemessagestoincludepositivecontent.“Iamnotgoodatthis.”canbechangedto“Relax.Youarepreparedforthis.”“Idon’tknowwhattosay.”canbereplacedby“Remembertosmileandaskgoodquestions.”A．TreatyourselfasafriendB．MakeasmanyfriendsaspossibleC．UsinginstructionallanguageisappropriateD．Differenttypesofself-talkworkbestforspecificgoalsE．SoyourfirststepistolistencriticallytowhatyouaresayingtoyourselfF．Often,negativecommentsinyourheadmakeitdifficultforyoutosucceedG．Thiswayyoumightfindyourtaskaninterestingchallengeinsteadofathreat【答案】1．F2．E3．G4．D5．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种帮助改善自我对话进而提升个人表现的方法，旨在引导学生注重与自我的沟通，从而更好地实现自己的目标。1．根据空前句“Maybeyouareprobablygettinganearful(训斥)fromyourinnervoice.(也许你可能听到了内心训斥的声音)”提到你可能从内心的声音中听到了长时间的数落；空后“Hereareseveralwaystochangeyourself-talkscriptandtouseyourinnervoicestoperformbetter.(这里有几个方法来改变你的自我对话脚本，用你内心的声音来表现得更好。)”可知，这里有几种方法可以改变你的自我对话脚本，并利用你的内心声音让你表现得更好。设空处位于段中，应承上启下。F项中的“negativecommentsinyourhead”与空前句中的“anearfulfromyourinnervoice”相呼应，且其中的“makeitdifficultforyoutosucceed”与空后句中的“performbetter”相呼应。因此，F选项“Often,negativecommentsinyourheadmakeitdifficultforyoutosucceed(通常，你头脑中的负面评论会让你很难成功)”衔接上下文。故选F。2．根据后文“Andwhenyourinnervoicesstarttofillwithwordsoffrustrationanddiscouragement,pausetheconversationasyouconsiderwaystochangeit.(当你内心的声音开始充满沮丧和沮丧时，暂停谈话，考虑改变它的方法)”中提取的关系词“And”可知，设空处与空后句构成并列关系。空前句“Inhigh-pressuresituations,self-talkisoftencritical.Insteadofthinkingdeliberatelyandlogically,ourinnervoicesarecausedbyemotion.Thatinfluenceseverythingfromhowwetalktoourselvestoourbehaviors.(在压力很大的情况下，自言自语往往是至关重要的。我们内心的声音是由情感引起的，而不是有意识地、合乎逻辑地思考。这影响了从我们如何自言自语到我们的行为)”与内心的声音的消极影响相关，空后句与应对内心的声音的做法有关。根据设空处与空后句的并列关系可知，设空处锁定在E项。E项还与空前句构成因果关系，且该项中的“critically”是对小标题中的“critically”和段首句中的“critical”的原词及同根词复现。E选项“Soyourfirststepistolistencriticallytowhatyouaresayingtoyourself(因此，你的第一步是批判性地倾听你对自己说的话)”符合语境。故选E。3．根据空前内容“Oneeffectivewaytomanagestressistocreatepsychologicaldistance.Thiscanbeachievedbyusingsecond-orthird-personpronounswhenreferringtothesituation.Askingyourself,“Whyareyoufeelingsostressed?”isonewaytocreatethepsychologicaldistanceyouneedtoregulateemotion.(管理压力的一个有效方法是创造心理距离。这可以通过使用第二人称或第三人称代词来实现。问自己：“为什么你感到这么有压力?”是一种创造心理距离的方法，你需要这种距离来调节情绪)”提到应对压力的一个有效方法是创造心理距离，并举例说明“问自己‘为什么你感到压力如此之大？’”是一种创造调节情绪所需的心理距离的方法。因此，设空处位于段尾，应能承接上文，与空前句提到的创造心理距离的方法相关，G选项“Thiswayyoumightfindyourtaskaninterestingchallengeinsteadofathreat(这样你会发现你的任务是一个有趣的挑战而不是威胁)”说明了使用该方法的好处，且其中的“Thisway”指代的正是空前句中的“Askingyourself,“Whyareyoufeelingsostressed?””。故选G。4．根据本段小标题“Fityourconversationtoyourgoal(让你的对话符合你的目标)”可知，本段内容与不同自我对话类型和目标之间的联系相关。因此，设空处也应与此相关，故将答案锁定在D选项“Differenttypesofself-talkworkbestforspecificgoals(不同类型的自言自语对特定的目标效果最好)”，其中的“goals”是对小标题中的“goal”的同词复现。故选D。5．根据本段内容“Demeaningornegativeself-talkisonlygoingtoincreaseyourstressandholdyouback.Instead,speakcompassionatelytoyourself—justasyouwouldtoafriend.Recreatenegativemessagestoincludepositivecontent.“Iamnotgoodatthis.”canbechangedto“Relax.Youarepreparedforthis.”“Idon’tknowwhattosay.”canbereplacedby“Remembertosmileandaskgoodquestions.”(贬低或消极的自言自语只会增加你的压力，阻碍你前进。相反，你应该同情地对自己说话——就像对朋友说话一样。重新创造负面信息以包含积极内容。“我不擅长这个。可以改成“放轻松。”你已经准备好了。”“我不知道该说什么。可以用“记得微笑，问好问题”来代替)”可知，本段建议人们不要进行贬低性的或消极的自我对话，而要像对待朋友那样对自己说积极的话，A选项“Treatyourselfasafriend(把自己当成朋友)”能很好地概括本段主旨。故选A。Passage2（24-25高二上・四川眉山眉山中学校・期末）HerecomesomeofthewaysadvisedtokeepdelightedandahealthymoodbyHarvard.♦Begratefulandsaythanksoften6.Thetinypurpleflowersonthesidewalk,thebeautifulsunset,andthesmileinyourpartner’seyes.Whenyouhaveagratefulheartthatisappreciativeoflife’sbeauty,wonderandblessings,you’reautomaticallyfilledwithdelight.Alwaysbeappreciativeoftheblessingsinyourlife.Andit’sequallyimportanttoexpressyourappreciationtothosewho’vemadeyourlifebetterinsomeway.♦7Ifyourtendencyistoimaginetheveryworstcasewheneveryouhaveatrouble,trainyourselftochangethattendency.Askyourselfwhatgoodcancomefromthesituationorwhatyoucanlearnfromit.Optimismsurelyfuelssuccessanddelight.8.Trytofindhumorandlaughterinlife’severydaystruggles.♦UnderstandandforgiveStepintoothers’shoesandunderstandasituationfromanother’sperspective,andwe’remorelikelytohandlethesituationwithobjectivityandeffectiveness.Therewillbelessconflictsandmoredelight.Hateandangerareformsofself-punishment.Whenyouforgive,you’reactuallypracticingkindnesstoyourself.Mostimportantly,learntoforgiveyourself.Everyonemakesmistakes.9.♦KeeplearningandbeaproblemsolverLearningkeepsusyoungandolive.Whenengagingourbrainstowardproductiveuses,we’remuchmorelikelytofeeldelightedandfulfilled.Delightedpeopleareproblemsolvers.Whenfacingachallengeinlife,theydon’tbeatthemselvesupandfailintoadepressivestate.10.Bybecomingaproblemsolver,you’llbuildupyourself-confidenceandyourabilitytoaccomplishwhateveryousetto.A．BeoptimisticandlaughoftenB．PayattentiontothelittledetailsinyourlifeC．DowhatyoulovefreelyandlivehappilyinthepresentD．LaughteristhemostpowerfultreatmenttoangerordepressionE．It’sthroughourmistakesthatwelearnandgrowtobebiggerandbetterF．OnlybymakingmistakesrepeatedlywillwerealizeitisnormaltomakemistakesG．Insteadtheyfacethechallengeandchanneltheirenergiestofindingacreativesolution【答案】6．B7．A8．D9．E10．G【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍保持快乐心情的几种方式。6．根据下文thetinypurpleflowersonthesidewalk,thebeautifulsunset,andthesmileinyourpartner’seyes.（在人行道上的小小的紫色的花，美丽的夕阳，和在你伙伴眼中的微笑。）可知，要重视你生活中的细节。故选B。7．此空是小标题，应该是短小精悍的祈使句，推知应该在A/B/C中选择。根据本段第一句“无论你什么时候有烦恼，如果你倾向于想象最糟糕的情况，训练自己改变这种趋势。”可知，应该乐观，经常大笑。故选A。8．根据上句“乐观肯定能驱动成功和幸福感。”再根据空格下句“要学会在每日的奋斗中寻觅幽默感和笑声。”故推知笑是愤怒或抑郁的最有效治疗。故选D。9．根据上文“憎恨和生气是对自我的惩罚。当你释怀的时候，事实上你是在对自己施以善意。最重要的是，学会原谅自己。每个人都犯错。”可知，只有通过我们的错误，我们才慢慢学会如何成为一个更强大，更好的人。故选E。10．根据上文“开心的人是会解决问题的人。在生活中遇到挑战的时候，他们不会自虐，然后变得很消沉。”再根据空格下句“通过成为一个解决问题的人，你将建立你的自信和完成你设定的任何事情的能力。”由此可知，相反，他们会直面挑战，调动全身力量寻找解决办法。Instead表明前后是一种转折关系，故选G。【点睛】在做七选五时，一定要注意and/instead/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/inaddition/what’smore等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上启下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。本题第5小题，根据上文：开心的人是会解决问题的人。在生活中遇到挑战的时候，他们不会自虐，然后变得很消沉。再根据空格下句：通过变成一个解决问题的人，你会建立自己的自信心和下决心要的事情和直面挑战的能力。由此可知，相反，他们会直面挑战，调动全身力量寻找解决办法。Instead表明前后是一种转折关系，故选G。Passage3（25-26高二上・四川南充高级中学・期中）Everybodygetsangry,butout-of-controlangerisn’tgoodforyouorthosearoundyou.Soherearefivesimplestrategiestohelpyoulearnhowtomanageyouranger:Relax.Breathedeeplyfromyourstomach.11.Repeatittoyourselfandvisualizearelaxingtimeandexperience.Changethewayyouthink.Whenyou’reangry,yourthinkingcangetexaggerated.12.Forinstance,insteadoftellingyourself,“Oh,it’sterrible!Everything’sruined,”tellyourself,“It’sunderstandablethatI’mupsetaboutit,butit’snottheendoftheworld.”13.Statementslike“Thisneverworks.”or“You’realwaysforgettingthings.”willmakeyoufeelyourangerisjustifiedandthere’snowaytosolvetheproblem.Theymightupsetpeoplewhomightbewillingtoworkwithyoutofindasolution.Havebettercommunication.Angrypeopletendtojumptoconclusions.14.Listencarefullytowhattheotherpersonissaying.Andtakeyourtimebeforeanswering.Insteadofsayingthefirstthingthatcomesintoyourhead,thinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouwanttosay.Usehumor.Psychologistssaythathighlyangrypeopletendtothink“thingsoughttogomyway!”15.So,whenyoufeelthatangercomesthenexttime,pictureyourselfasakingorqueen,walkingaround,admiredbyeverybody,andgettingyourownwayineverysituation.Themoredetailyoucangetintoyourimaginaryscenes,themorelikelyitistoputasmileonyourface.Thatwillhelpyourealizethatthethingsyou’reangryaboutarereallynotveryimportant.A．Becarefulwithwordslike“never”or“always”B．RushingtorespondoftenleadstoregretfulwordsC．TakingashortwalkcanalsoeasetensefeelingsD．TryreplacingthesethoughtswithmorereasonableonesE．ThiskindofextremethinkingfuelsangerunnecessarilyF．“Sillyhumor”canhelpyougetamorebalancedperspectiveG．Thenslowlyrepeatacalmwordorphrasesuchas“takeiteasy”【答案】11．G12．D13．A14．B15．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了五种简单策略来帮助人们学会如何管理愤怒情绪。11．由上文“Relax.Breathedeeplyfromyourstomach.(放松。从腹部深呼吸。)”及下文“Repeatittoyourselfandvisualizearelaxingtimeandexperience.(对自己重复这句话，想象一个放松的时刻和经历。)”可知，本空应介绍一种放松的方法，且与“话”或“词语”有关。G选项“Thenslowlyrepeatacalmwordorphrasesuchas“takeiteasy”(然后慢慢地重复一个平静的词或短语，比如“放松”)”能够承接上文，说明深呼吸后要重复一个平静的词或短语，符合题意。故选G。12．由上文“Changethewayyouthink.Whenyou’reangry,yourthinkingcangetexaggerated.(改变你的思维方式。当你生气的时候，你的思维会变得夸张。)”可知，本空应介绍如何改变夸张的思维方式。D选项“Tryreplacingthesethoughtswithmorereasonableones(试着用更合理的想法来取代这些想法)”能够承接上文，说明要改变夸张的思维方式，用更合理的想法来取代，符合题意。故选D。13．由下文“Statementslike“Thisneverworks.”or“You’realwaysforgettingthings.”willmakeyoufeelyourangerisjustifiedandthere’snowaytosolvetheproblem.(像“这从来都不管用。”或“你总是忘记事情。”这样的陈述会让你觉得你的愤怒是合理的，而且没有办法解决问题。)”可知，本空应介绍要避免使用某些词语。A选项“Becarefulwithwordslike“never”or“always”(小心使用“从不”或“总是”这样的词)”能够引起下文，说明要避免使用“从不”或“总是”这样的绝对化词语，符合题意。故选A。14．由上文“Angrypeopletendtojumptoconclusions.(生气的人往往会急于下结论。)”及下文“Listencarefullytowhattheotherpersonissaying.Andtakeyourtimebeforeanswering.(仔细听对方在说什么。在回答之前，慢慢来。)”可知，本空应介绍生气的人急于下结论的后果。B选项“Rushingtorespondoftenleadstoregretfulwords(急于回应往往会导致后悔的话)”能够承上启下，说明生气的人急于下结论，急于回应，这往往会导致说出后悔的话，符合题意。故选B。15．由上文“Usehumor.Psychologistssaythathighlyangrypeopletendtothink“thingsoughttogomyway!”(使用幽默。心理学家说，非常生气的人倾向于认为“事情应该按我的方式发展！”)”及下文“So,whenyoufeelthatangercomesthenexttime,pictureyourselfasakingorqueen,walkingaround,admiredbyeverybody,andgettingyourownwayineverysituation.(所以，当你下次感到愤怒的时候，想象自己是一个国王或王后，四处走动，受到每个人的钦佩，在每种情况下都随心所欲。)”可知，本空应介绍幽默的作用。F选项““Sillyhumor”canhelpyougetamorebalancedperspective(“愚蠢的幽默”可以帮助你获得更平衡的视角)”能够承上启下，说明使用幽默，特别是“愚蠢的幽默”，可以帮助生气的人获得更平衡的视角，符合题意。故选F。Passage4（24-25高二上・四川泸县第二中学等校・期末）Asweallknow,it’seasytogetyourselfintotroubleinlife.Evenifyouwanttomoveforwardwithyourlife,youmaynotknowwheretostart.16Onceyouunderstandthis,youcanstarttakingthefirstfewstepstowardsabettertomorrow.Letgoofpastfailuresandpain.Alwaysthinkingpainfulthingsfromthepastwillpreventyoufrommovingforwardinthefuture.17Forexample,achildmayburnhimselfbytouchingahotstoveandtherebylearnnottotouchotherhotstoves,butthatexperiencedoesnotneedtopreventthatchildfromtouchingandexploringotherpartsofhisworld.Quitrunningaway.Manyproblemsareunavoidableinyourlife.Themoretimeyouwasteonrunningaway,thelesstimeyouhaveformovingforward.Ifthereareproblemsbetweenyouandsomeoneelse,trytalkingtothatperson.18Putdowntheexcuses.Thereareoftenexcusesthatmaypreventyoufromachievingaspecificgoal.19Ifyouhavesimilarexcusesthathinder(阻碍)

you,youmusttellyourselfthatitmuststop.20Behonestwithyourselfwhenidentifyingthefearthatholdsyouback.Manypeoplearetroubledbythefearoftheunknown.Changeisaterriblething—athingcanbecomebetterorworse.Butifyouhandleitproperly,youwillbenefitgreatly.A．Realizeandcontrolyourfears.B．Releasetheneedforexplanations.C．However,youcanthrowthemawaythrougheffort.D．Thingsoftenhappeninlifewithoutreasonorsense.E．Perhapsyourrelationshipwillbecomestrongerafterthat.F．Youcanlearnfrompastmistakessothatyouwon’tmakethesameones.G．Soyouneedtoknowwhichbehaviorsyoumustgiveupbeforeyoumoveforward.【答案】16．G17．F18．E19．C20．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在人生的道路上会有一些不可避免的麻烦，放弃一些行为能让我们继续前行，何乐而不为呢！16．根据空前的“Evenifyouwanttomoveforwardwithyourlife,youmaynotknowwheretostart.(即使你想继续你的生活，你也可能不知道从哪里开始)”可知，有些人在遇到困难后不知道从哪里开始继续前行；又根据下文可知，作者提出的几点建议皆是关于放弃不好的做法和习惯，所以空后中的指示代词“this”指代应摒弃的做法。G项“Soyouneedtoknowwhichbehaviorsyoumustgiveupbeforeyoumoveforward.(所以你需要知道在你继续前进之前你必须放弃哪些行为)”符合语境。故选G。17．根据小标题“Letgoofpastfailuresandpain.(放下过去的失败和痛苦)”可知，作者建议放下过去的失败和痛苦；又根据空后的例子可知，我们要从过去的错误中吸取教训，这样以后就可以不犯相同的错误。F项“Youcanlearnfrompastmistakessothatyouwon’tmakethesameones.(你可以从过去的错误中吸取教训，这样你就不会再犯同样的错误)”符合语境。故选F。18．根据空前“Ifthereareproblemsbetweenyouandsomeoneelse,trytalkingtothatperson.(如果你和别人之间有问题，试着和那个人谈谈)”可知，与他人交谈之后，你们的关系可能会变得更牢固。E项“Perhapsyourrelationshipwillbecomestrongerafterthat.(也许在那之后你们的关系会变得更牢固)”符合语境。故选E。19．根据小标题“Putdowntheexcuses.(放下借口)”可知，本段主要谈论放下阻碍你前进的借口。空前的“Thereareoftenexcusesthatmaypreventyoufromachievingaspecificgoal.(经常会有借口阻止你实现一个特定的目标)”可知，通常有一些借口可能会阻止你实现一个特定的目标；再根据空后的“Ifyouhavesimilarexcusesthathinderyou,youmusttellyourselfthatitmuststop.(如果你有类似的借口阻碍你，你必须告诉自己它必须停止)”可知，如果你有类似阻碍你的借口，你一定要告诉你自己它必须停止。C项“However,youcanthrowthemawaythrougheffort.(然而，你可以通过努力摆脱它们)”能够承接上文，引出下文。故选C。20．根据本段的首句“Behonestwithyourselfwhenidentifyingthefearthatholdsyouback.(在发现阻碍你前进的恐惧时，要诚实地面对自己)”可知，在确认阻碍你前行的恐惧时要诚实地面对自己；又根据“Butifyouhandleitproperly,youwillbenefitgreatly.(但如果你处理得当，你会受益匪浅)”可知，如果能够合理掌控这种恐惧你会受益匪浅。identify与realize为同义词，handle与control为同义词；A项“Realizeandcontrolyourfears.(认知并掌控你的恐惧)”符合语境。故选A。Passage5（25-26高二上・四川成都列五中学）Thestudentsyndrome(综合症)isaphenomenonwherealargenumberofstudentsputoffdoingthingsuntilrightbeforethedeadline(最后期限).21Sinceitinvolvesunnecessarydelay,itusuallyleadstonegativeresultsforthosewhodisplayit.Theywillfeelstressedandoverwhelmed,andthetaskseemstobeneverfinished.Toavoidthestudentsyndrome,youshouldfigureoutwhat’scausingyoutodelayinthefirstplace,andthenusesometechniques.22Breakyourtasksintosmallandmanageablesteps.Forexample,ifyouneedtowriteanarticle,youcanstartwithsmallsteps,suchasfiguringoutthetitle,creatingaroughdescription,andfindingfiveappropriateacademicsources.Keepitinmindthatiftheprojectinquestionislarge,thenyougenerallyshouldn’tworryaboutfiguringoutallthestepstoitfromtheverybeginning.23Thenfindnewstepsasyoumakeprogressalongtheway.Thishelpsyouavoidfeelingupsetandgettingstuck.24Forexample,ifyouhaveasingledeadlineforcompletingalargeresearchpaper,setadditionaldeadlinesalongthewayforcompletingspecificpartsofit.Theseadditionaldeadlinestobemetwillmaketheverylargeresearchpapermoremanageableandlessfrightening.Findyourproductivitycycles.People’sabilitytocompletecertaintasksisdifferentbasedonagreatmanyfactorssuchasthetimeofday.Forexample,itmaybethecasethatyou’rebestabletoconcentrateondifficulttasksearlyinthemorning,beforeyou’vestarteddealingwithemailsorminoradministrativeaspectsofyourjob.25Followthesetechniquesandyouareunlikelytowaituntilthelastminute.A．Establishspecificgoalsforyourself.B．Setintermediate(中间的)deadlinesforyourself.C．Theycanhelpyoutakeactioninatimelymanner.D．Thisphenomenoncanbeconsideredtobeaformofdelay.E．Youshouldtakethisintoaccountwhenschedulingyourwork.F．Instead,startbyfindingthefirstfewstepsthatyouneedtotake.G．Youshouldchangeyourenvironmenttomakeiteasierforyourselftogetstarted.【答案】21．D22．C23．F24．B25．E【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了学生综合症以及避免学生综合症的一些技巧。21．上文“Thestudentsyndrome(综合症)isaphenomenonwherealargenumberofstudentsputoffdoingthingsuntilrightbeforethedeadline(最后期限).(学生综合症是指很多学生把事情推迟到截止日期前才做的现象)”解释了什么是学生综合症，结合下文“Sinceitinvolvesunnecessarydelay(因为它涉及到不必要的延迟)”可知，空处应是提及学生综合症与延迟的关系，D项“这种现象可以被认为是延迟的一种形式”符合语境，故选D。22．上文“Toavoidthestudentsyndrome,youshouldfigureoutwhat’scausingyoutodelayinthefirstplace,andthenusesometechniques.(为了避免学生综合症，你应该首先弄清楚是什么原因导致你拖延，然后使用一些技巧)”提到可以使用一些避免学生综合症的技巧，空处应是接着说这些技巧的作用，C项“它们可以帮助你及时采取行动”符合语境，故选C。23．上文“Keepitinmindthatiftheprojectinquestionislarge,thenyougenerallyshouldn’tworryaboutfiguringoutallthestepstoitfromtheverybeginning.(请记住，如果所讨论的项目是大型的，那么您通常不应该担心从一开始就确定所有步骤)”提到讨论大型项目时，不应该从一开始就确定所有步骤，空处应是接着说而是应该怎么做，F项“相反，从找到你需要采取的最初步骤开始”符合语境。故选F。24．空处是段落主题句，根据下文“Forexample,ifyouhaveasingledeadlineforcompletingalargeresearchpaper,setadditionaldeadlinesalongthewayforcompletingspecificpartsofit.(例如，如果你有一个完成一篇大型研究论文的截止日期，那么在完成具体部分的过程中设置额外的截止日期)”可知，本段主要讲述在大型论文的过程中设置截止日期，B项“为自己设定中间期限”符合语境，故选B。25．上文“Forexample,itmaybethecasethatyou’rebestabletoconcentrateondifficulttasksearlyinthemorning,beforeyou’vestarteddealingwithemailsorminoradministrativeaspectsofyourjob.(例如，在你开始处理电子邮件或工作中次要的行政方面之前，你可能在清晨最能集中精力处理困难的任务)”举例说可能在清晨最能集中精力处理困难的任务，所以在安排工作时要考虑这一点，把困难的任务安排在清晨，E项“在安排工作时，你应该考虑到这一点”符合语境。故选E。Passage6（24-25高二上・四川泸州三校联盟）Mathematicsisoftenconsideredoneofthemostchallengingsubjectsforstudents.Recentsurveysreportthat37%ofteensfoundmathtobeharderthanothersubjects.26AttentiondifficultiesMathofteninvolvesmulti-stepproblems,andstudentsneedtobeabletoperformseveralconsecutivestepstofindasolution.27Whencomplexmathproceduresarebeingtaught,studentsoftenlosefocusandbecomedistractedduringthelesson.Asaresult,heorshemaymissimportantstepsintheproblem-solvingprocess,andlaterstrugglewithmathontheirown.MathalwaysbuildsuponpreviousconceptsMathisbuiltoncontinuouslearning.Ifastudentdidn’tfullyunderstandapreviouslesson’sconcept,theyarelikelytostrugglewhennewerconceptsareintroduced.28Similarly,todoalgebra,studentsneedtobecomfortablewithmulti-steparithmetic(演算).Unfortunately,manystrugglingstudentsfeelhardorembarrassedaskingquestionsinclassoratschool.Thus,Mathconceptsarenotsowell-mastered.Conceptsarelearned,butnotunderstoodOftenstudentsknowhowtoperformanoperationfromrepetition,butdon’treallyunderstandthemeaningbehindit.Weknowtimes-tablememorizationhasalwaysbeenastapleofelementaryschoolcurriculum.However,astudentmayonlyknowthat“4×4=16”becauseheorshememorizedit,andnotbecausetheyfullyunderstandtheconceptofmultiplication.29Lackofpracticeorpatience30Othersmaynotrealizetheyneedmoretimereviewingcertainareas.Sometimesastudentwillfeelliketheyunderstandaconcept,butwhenattemptingtodoaproblemthemselves,theydon’tknowhowtobegin(orendupstrugglingthroughtheprocess).Studentswilloftenfeelconfidentafterwatchingtheirteacherexplainthelessoninclass,onlytofindthatdoingitindependentlycanbemorechallenging.Actually,ittakespracticeandpatiencetobebetteratit!A．Somestudentsdon’tbelievetheycanlearnmathwell.B．Toreducefractions,studentsneedtoknowdivisionfirst.C．Thisrequiresstayingactivelyfocusedonthetaskathand.D．Thefollowingstrategiesmayhelpyouonewayoranother.E．Takealookatcommonreasonsstudentsstrugglewithmath.F．Thus,theycannotmanagemorecomplexandchallengingproblems.G．Manystudentssimplydon’tspendenoughtimepracticingmathconcepts.【答案】26．E27．C28．B29．F30．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了学生学数学有困难的四个原因。26．根据前文“Mathematicsisoftenconsideredoneofthemostchallengingsubjectsforstudents.Recentsurveysreportthat37%ofteensfoundmathtobeharderthanothersubjects.(数学通常被认为是学生最具挑战性的科目之一。最近的调查报告显示，37%的青少年认为数学比其他科目更难)”和下文分段讲述的五个学习数学的困难可知，空处应承上启下，引出学习数学有困难的原因，E项“看看学生在数学上遇到困难的常见原因。”符合题意。故选E。27．根据小标题“Attentiondifficulties(注意力困难)”和空前的“Mathofteninvolvesmulti-stepproblems,andstudentsneedtobeabletoperformseveralconsecutivestepstofindasolution.(数学通常涉及多步问题，学生需要能够进行几个连续的步骤来找到解决方案)”可知，本段主要讲述的是注意力方面的困难，前面说数学常常需要进行多步才能解决问题，这里应说学生需要集中注意力，C项“这需要积极专注于手头的任务。”符合题意。故选C。28．前文“Ifastudentdidn’tfullyunderstandapreviouslesson’sconcept,theyarelikelytostrugglewhennewerconceptsareintroduced.(如果学生没有完全理解上一课的概念，当引入新的概念时，他们可能会遇到困难)”讲述了不理解前面概念会导致学习后面概念有困难，后文“Similarly,todoalgebra,studentsneedtobecomfortablewithmulti-steparithmetic(演算).(同样，要做代数，学生需要熟悉多步演算)”列举了学习代数前需要先熟悉多步演算，Similarly是关键词，说明空处应列举关于学习某概念前需要首先学习某知识的例子，B项“为了通分，学生需要先知道除法。”符合题意。故选B。29．前文“However,astudentmayonlyknowthat“4×4=16”becauseheorshememorizedit,andnotbecausetheyfullyunderstandtheconceptofmultiplication.(然而，学生可能只知道“4×4=16”，因为他或她记住了它，而不是因为他们完全理解乘法的概念)”讲述了学生记住了乘法表的内容，但并不理解概念，这里应进一步说学生做进行更难的数学题，F项“因此，他们无法处理更复杂、更具挑战性的问题。”符合题意。故选F。30．根据小标题“Lackofpracticeorpatience(缺乏练习或耐心)”可知，本段主要讲述一些学生学不会数学是因为缺乏练习或耐心，G项“许多学生根本没有花足够的时间练习数学概念。”符合题意。故选G。话题2安全与救护Passage1（24-25高二上・四川眉山仁寿第一中学校（北校区）・期末）HowtoStaySafeonaFieldTripManyparentsarerelaxedandevenwanttheirchildrentogoonfieldtrips.1Herearesometipstohelpstudentsstaysecureduringtheirfieldtripadventures.StayphysicallysafeIt’scrucialtoensurethatstudentsmemorizetheirparents’phonenumbersandkeepthemhandyincaseofanemergency.Whencrossingroads,theymustpracticeroadsafetybylookingbothwaysandwalkingwithcaution.2Inthisway,theystaywithinthedesignatedareasandwiththegroup.Keephygiene(卫生)whilediningoutStudentsshouldbemindfuloftheirfoodchoicesandavoidhavingtoomuchunhealthyfood,especiallywhenawayfromhome.It’sessentialtotelltheirteacherandbringallergen-freesnacksiftheyhavefoodallergies.3Forexample,washinghandsbeforeandaftermeals,andusingsoapinpublicplacestominimizetheriskofexposuretogerms.4Whenusingpublicrestroomsontheirfieldtrips,studentsshouldusedisposableseatcoversortoiletpapertoreduceexposuretobacteria.Practicinggoodrestroomhygieneisalsoimportanttominimizetheriskofspreadingillnesstoothers.Theycanalsowearamasktostayfurthestawayfromsickness,andinformateachertoreceiveproperassistanceiftheyfeelunwell.5Bystickingtothesesafetytips,studentscanhaveasafeandenjoyablefieldtripexperience.A．Trytoavoidsickness.B．Usepublicrestroomsproperly.C．Othersmaybeconcernedaboutthesafetyonthetrips,though.D．It’simportanttofollowsafetymannerstoensureasmoothouting.E．Onthewhole,studentsshouldmaintaingoodcleanlinesspractices.F．Someparents,however,aredoubtfulaboutthebenefitsofthetrips.G．Besides,studentsshouldaskforpermissionbeforegoinganywhereelse.【答案】1．C2．G3．E4．A5．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了孩子们在野外郊游时保持安全的一些实用提示。1．由上文“Manyparentsarerelaxedandevenwanttheirchildrentogoonfieldtrips.(许多父母都很放松，甚至希望他们的孩子去野外郊游)”可知许多父母希望他们的孩子去野外郊游，然而下文“Herearesometipstohelpstudentsstaysecureduringtheirfieldtripadventures.(以下是一些帮助学生在野外郊游中保持安全的提示)”和小标题“Stayphysicallysafe(保持身体安全)”“Keephygiene(卫生)whilediningout(外出就餐时保持卫生)”提及了一些孩子们在野外郊游时保持安全的一些实用提示，可知该空应与上文形成转折关系，讲有些父母们担心孩子们野外郊游途中的安全问题，直接引出下文的相关实用提示，C选项“不过，其他人可能会担心旅途中的安全问题。”切合语境。故选C项。2．由小标题“Stayphysicallysafe(保持身体安全)”可知该段主要讲孩子们在野外郊游时如何保持身体安全的方法，上文“It’scrucialtoensurethatstudentsmemorizetheirparents’phonenumbersandkeepthemhandyincaseofanemergency.Whencrossingroads,theymustpracticeroadsafetybylookingbothwaysandwalkingwithcaution.(确保学生记住父母的电话号码并在紧急情况下将其放在手边是至关重要的。过马路时，他们必须注意道路安全)”是孩子们在野外郊游时保持身体安全的2个方法，G选项“此外，学生在去其他地方之前应该征得许可。”中的“Besides”是提示，该选项对上文进行进一步说明，讲另一个孩子们在野外郊游时保持身体安全的方法。故选G项。3．由小标题“Keephygiene(卫生)whilediningout(外出就餐时保持卫生)”可知该段主要讲孩子们在野外郊游时保持安全方法之一——外出就餐时保持卫生，E选项“总的来说，学生应该保持良好的清洁习惯。”与本段中心（外出就餐时保持卫生）相关，且该选项能引出下文“Forexample,washinghandsbeforeandaftermeals,andusingsoapinpublicplacestominimizetheriskofexposuretogerms.(例如，饭前和饭后洗手，在公共场所使用肥皂，以最大限度地减少接触细菌的风险)”具体讲保持良好卫生习惯的例子。故选E项。4．该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“Whenusingpublicrestroomsontheirfieldtrips,studentsshouldusedisposableseatcoversortoiletpapertoreduceexposuretobacteria.Practicinggoodrestroomhygieneisalsoimportanttominimizetheriskofspreadingillnesstoothers.Theycanalsowearamasktostayfurthestawayfromsickness,andinformateachertoreceiveproperassistanceiftheyfeelunwell.(在野外郊游中使用公共厕所时，学生应使用一次性座套或卫生纸，以减少细菌的接触。保持良好的厕所卫生对最大限度地减少疾病传播给他人的风险也很重要。他们也可以戴口罩远离疾病，如果感到不适，可以通知老师接受适当的帮助)”可知，本段主要讲孩子们在野外郊游时保持安全方法之一——通过一些方法避免生病，A选项“尽量避免生病。”切合语境。故选A项。5．该空位于总结段落段首，应肯定孩子们在野外郊游时保持安全的实用提示的重要性和好处，D选项“遵守安全方法以确保郊游顺利进行是很重要的。”表明了这样做的重要性和好处，自然引出下文“Bystickingtothesesafetytips,studentscanhaveasafeandenjoyablefieldtripexperience.(通过坚持这些安全提示，学生可以获得安全愉快的野外郊游体验)”讲这样做能让学生获得安全愉快的野外郊游体验。故选D项。Passage2（25-26高二上・四川德阳什邡中学）Everyonehastimeswhentheyfeeldown.Feelingtiredorunw