湖北省襄阳四中2025-2026学年高一上学期11月月考英语试题

襄阳四中2025级高一上学期十一月月中考英语试题用时：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatcouldthemanprobablybenow?A.Areceptionist. B.Astudent. C.Anarchitect.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Myjobissoboring.Ireallydon’tlikedealingwithcustomersinthefrontdesk.W:Really?Maybeyoushouldtrysomethingnew.M:Idon’tknow.I’vealwayswantedtobeanarchitect,butI’dhavetogobacktoschool.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichgateshouldthewomangoto?A.Gate20. B.Gate30. C.Gate35.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:TheannouncementsaidmyflightwilldepartfromGate30insteadof20.WhyismyflightnumbernotonthescreenatGate30?Itwilldepartin35minutes.M:Youmusthavemissedthesecondannouncement.Pleaseignorethegatechange.Itwasanerror.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Relieved. B.Angry. C.Worried.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:We’removingveryslowlyagainnow.I’mgoingtomissmymeetingifwedon’tspeedupsoon.W:Yes,weseemtobelatemostdaysatthemoment.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdoontheman’sbirthday?A.Eatout. B.Cookathome. C.Visitsomefriends.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Howaboutgoingoutforamealonyourbirthday?M:Justyouandme?W:Wecanasksomefriends.Ifyoufancystayingin,Icouldcookforusall.M:Amealoutwouldbegreat.I’llringAnnaandKarl.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whattypeofbookisthewomanreading?A.Horrorfiction. B.Sciencefiction. C.Romanticfiction.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:DoyoustillhavethatbookIlentyou,Mary?W:It’sjusthere,Mark.I’mstillpartwaythroughreadingit.NormallyIreadsciencefictionorlovestoriesbutthisisfascinating!M:I’mgladyoulikeit.I’mnotafanofhorrorfictionbutIthoughtitwasgreat.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分；满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间,每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acamera. B.Somephotos. C.Avillage.7.Whydidthemanstayinthecampsite?A.Thehotelwasfullybooked.B.Hewantedtogetclosetothenature.C.Thehotelwasexpensiveatthattime.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Youtookthisonthewaytothemountain?Icanseethevillage.AndIcanalsofeelthebeautiesofnature.Thiswasthecampsitewhereyouwerestaying?M:Yes.Wewantedtosavemoneybecauseitwashighseason.Sowedidn’tbookahotelorliveinavillager’shouse.W:Whydidn’tyoutakephotosofthemountainyouwereclimbing?M:Idid.Itooklotsofphotosbecausetherewasawonderfulview.Butunfortunatelythosewerenogood.W:Whatapity!Maybesomethingwentwrongwiththecamera.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Applyforaposition.B.RefertoSusan’sfiles.C.TalktoDavidaboutthemeeting.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttoknowintheend?A.Whatwillbediscussedatthemeeting.B.Whowillattendthemeeting.C.Whenthemeetingbegins.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】W:Canyoutellmewhichoneofthesefilescontainsthesalesfigures?Ineedthemforthemeetingtomorrowafternoon.M:SusanandDavidhavethem,butIremendlookingatSusan’sfiles.Iheardshealwaysesoutwithaverygoodanalysisofthefigures.W:Great,I’llgowithSusan’sthen.Thanksforthehelp.M:Noproblem.Bytheway,whattimedoesthemeetingstart?IguessI’llhavetoattend,too.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atacinema. B.Atarestaurant. C.Atashop.11.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheprice?A.Abitlow. B.Reasonable. C.Toohigh.12.WhoisBrettFlick?A.Amoviestar. B.Thewoman’shusband. C.Theman’sfriend.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:HiTony!Ididn’texpecttomeetyouhere.How’sitgoing?M:Fine,thanks.Well,Ijustreadaboutitinthelocalpaper.Ithoughtitsoundedinteresting.W:Metoo.Fromthereview,Ididn’texpecttobeabletogetatable.M:Meneither,butifyoulookattheseprices,youcanseewhypeoplelostinterest.W:Youdon’tsay.Itdoesn’tseemunreasonabletome.Andlookoverthere,that’sBrettFlick.It’snoteverydayyoucansayyouspenttheeveninginthesameplaceasaHollywoodstar.M:Isupposenot.Anyway,I’dbetterbegettingback.We’resittingoverthere,neartheentrance.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhydidFionadecidetowriteabookaboutBeatriceCadbury?A.Beatricehadasurprisinglife.B.ShewasinterestedintheCadburyfamily.C.TheschoolBeatricehadstartedwasfamous.14.WhatwasBeatrice’slifelikeinherchildhood?A.Difficult. B.Unlucky. C.Pleasant.15.WhatdidBeatriceaskherbrothertodo?A.etoherhouse.B.Stopgivinghermoney.C.Allowhertomeetthefactoryworkers.16.WhydidBeatriceandherfamilyliveinatent?A.Shewantedtolivelikepoorpeople.B.Thereweretoomanypeopleinherhouse.C.Herchildrenlikedtoliveinadifferentplace.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.B【解析】【原文】M:I’mspeakingtoFionaJosephs,who’swrittenabookaboutawomancalledBeatriceCadbury.Fiona,whydidyouwanttowriteabouther?W:Well,onedayIwasreadingaboutaschoolintheNetherlands.ThathadbeenstartedbyapoormarriedcoupleandthewifewascalledBeatriceCadbury!IdiscoveredshewasamemberofthefamousCadburyfamily.Ifeltpuzzled.Whywasarichwomanlivingasapoorperson?TheanswerwassoamazingthatIdecidedtowriteabook.M:Whatdidyoudiscover?W:Well,asachildshelivedinhugehousesandwaseducatedatthebestschools.Shehadaveryfortablelife.ButBeatricegrewupwantingtomakesocietyabetterplace.ShemarriedamanfromtheNetherlands.WhileshewasintheNetherlands,shedecidedshedidn’twanttoreceiveanymoremoneyfromtheCadburybusiness.Shetoldherbrother,whowasrunningthepany,thatheshouldgivehershareofthemoneytothefactoryworkersinstead.M:Andthenwhathappened?W:Well,sheeveninvitedpoorpeopletoliveinherhouse.Whenitbecametoocrowded,sheandherfamilyhadtoliveinatent.M:Oh,agreatwoman!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Wherecanthelistenersfindthehousingoffice?A.Nexttothelibrary. B.Outsidethebookstore. C.Intheentrytothecollege.18.Whendoesthehousingofficeopenduringholidays?A.OnMondayandFridaymornings.B.OnMondayandThursdaymornings.C.OnTuesdayandThursdaymornings.19.Howmanylibrarybooksdoesthecollegeoffer?A.Around5,000. B.Around50,000. C.Around500,000.20.Whichisthebestplacetohaveacheaphotmeal?A.TheFoodHall. B.Thestudents’bar. C.TheHungryCafe.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】now...W:WeletoHighdownCollege.FirstlyI’dliketosaysomethingaboutlivingarrangements.Mostofyoualreadyhaveaplaceinoneofourcollegeflats.Ifyouhaveanyproblems,pleasecontactthehousingstaff.You’llfindtheofficeattheentrancetothecollegeandit’sopenfromnineuntilfourMondaytoFriday.Duringtheholidays,it’sopen,morningsonly,onMondayandThursday.However,ifyouhaveanemergency,youcancontactsomebodyon.Movingonnow...thecollegehasexcellentfacilitiestohelpyouwithyourstudies,includingtheLearningResourceCenterthathasabout50,000librarybooks.Therearealso50puterssoyoucanusetheInternet.Thereareplentyofplacestoeatatthecollege,liketheHungryCafeonthefirstfloorwhereyoucanhavesandwichesandsalad,or,ifyoupreferahotmealataveryreasonablepriceyoucangototheFoodHall.You’llfinditnexttothebookshop,onthegroundfloor.Otherwise,youcanhaveapublunchinthestudents’bar.Therearealsomachinesaroundthecollege,whereyoucanbuychocolateanddrinks.Right,ifanybodyhasanyquestionsaboutthesematters,oranythingelse,pleasestaybehindnow.Ihopeallofyouenjoyyourtimeatourcollege.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APETITIONLAUNCHESWIN!PRIZES&PUBLICATION.writersonline.co.uk/writingpetitionsWritingpetitions,WritingMagazine,WarnersGroupPublicationsLtd,WestStreet,Bourne,LincsPE109PHOPENTRAVELTALESTakeyourreaderonajourneyinthismonth’spetitionforshortfictionbetween1,500and1,700wordsthatinsomewayinvolvestravel.ThewinnerwillbepublishedinWMMarchandtherunnerupwillbepublishedonline.Prizes:£200,£50Closingdate:15OctoberEntryfee:£750/£6subscribersRefcode:WRO/September25/travelOPENCROSSGENERATIONFRIENDSHere’sachancetoshowcrossgenerationfriendships.Wewanttohearaboutmomentsofconnectionthatbridgesthegenerationalgaporlessonslearnedfromtheirwisdom.Enterfictionbetween1,500and1,700words.ThewinnerwillbepublishedinWMMarehandtherunnerupwillbepublishedonline.Prize:£100,£25Closingdate:15OctoberEntryfee:£7.50/£6subscribersRefCode:WRO/September25/friendsOPENGRANDFLASH2025MakeeverywordcounttowinabigprizeforveryshortfictioninWM’spopularcontestfor500wordstories!Prizes:£1,000,£250,£100Closingdate:31December.Entryfee:£18.50/£16subscribersRefcode:WRO/Grandflash2025OPENNATURALWORLDProsefictionandnarrativenonfiction,1,500—1,700wordsPrizes:£200,£50Closingdate:15SeptemberEntryfee:£7.50/£6subscribersRefcode:WRO/August25/natural21.Whichcontestismostsuitablefora490wordscifistory?A.TRAVELTALES.B.CROSSGENERATIONFRIENDS.C.GRANDFLASH2025.D.NATURALWORLD.22.Howmuchshouldanonsubscriberpayatleasttoenter2contests?A.£7.50. B.£12. C.£15. D.£18.50.23.WhatdistinguishesNATURALWORLDfromothercontests?A.Itcloseslaterthanothers.B.Itacceptsnonfictionentries.C.Itoffershighestrunnerupprize.D.Itappealstoprofessionalwriters.【答案】21.C22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个写作比赛，包括各自的参赛要求、截止日期、奖金金额等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据GRANDFLASH2025部分中“MakeeverywordcounttowinabigprizeforveryshortfictioninWM’spopularcontestfor500wordstories!(在《作家杂志》（WM）广受欢迎的500字短篇小说比赛中，务必字字珠玑，方能赢得大奖！)”以及其它三个写作比赛可知，490词的科幻故事适合GRANDFLASH2025，而其它三个写作比赛要求1500至1700字。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据TRAVELTALES中“Entryfee:£7.50/£6subscribers(报名费：7.50英镑/订阅者6英镑)”；CROSSGENERATIONFRIENDS中“Entryfee:£7.50/£6subscribers(报名费：7.50英镑/订阅者6英镑)”；NATURALWORLD中“Entryfee:£7.50/£6subscribers(报名费：7.50英镑/订阅者6英镑)”可知，这三个赛事的非订阅者报名费均为£7.50，而GRANDFLASH2025的非订阅者报名费为£18.50。因此，非订阅者想要进入两个赛事，最少要支付£15（£7.5*2）。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据NATURALWORLD部分中“Prosefictionandnarrativenonfiction,1,5001,700words(散文体小说与叙事性非虚构作品，字数要求1500至1700字)”、TRAVELTALES部分中“Takeyourreaderonajourneyinthismonth’spetitionforshortfictionbetween1,500and1,700wordsthatinsomewayinvolvestravel.(在本月的短篇小说竞赛中，请带领读者开启一段旅程。参赛作品字数需在1500至1700字之间，且内容需以某种形式涉及“旅行”主题)”、CROSSGENERATIONFRIENDS部分中“Enterfictionbetween1,500and1,700words.(参赛作品需为1500至1700字的小说)”以及GRANDFLASH2025部分中“MakeeverywordcounttowinabigprizeforveryshortfictioninWM’spopularcontestfor500wordstories!(在《作家杂志》（WM）广受欢迎的500字短篇小说比赛中，务必字字珠玑，方能赢得大奖！)”可知，NATURALWORLD接受非虚构（nonfiction）作品参赛，而其他赛事均只接受虚构类（fiction）短篇；由此可知，NATURALWORLD与其他比赛的区别是它接受非虚构作品参赛。故选B。BInKatmaiNational.Park,amotherbearandhercubwalktowardus,thensitdownandnap,pletelyateasewithusbeingaround.Andthefeelingisshared.Myhusband,nervousaboutbeingnearsuchlargepredators(捕食者)anhourago,nowrelaxessomuchthathefallsasleepinthegrasstoo.TheKatmaicoastcanonlybereachedbyairorsea.Itsfarawaylocationhelpskeepbearviewingsafe.Ourguide,Bachrach,tellsusthatthemonviewofbearsasviolentpredatorskillingformeatactuallyonlyshowspartofthepicture.TheKatmaispringseesbearsfeastonplantsanddigforshellfishduringlowtide.FromlateJunetoSeptember,theymovetosalmonfilledriversforthesalmon,buttheyalsokeepeatinggrassandberries.Eachtimewespotabear,Bachrachremindsustoreaditsbehavior.Ifthebearappearsrelaxed,wecanwatchforawhilefromasafedistance.Asresponsiblevisitors,wemustneverletitgettooclose,andneverletevenabitofourfoodfalltotheground.Bachrachlearnedthisthehardwayafterabearenteredacabinandstayednearthedoorfordays,expectingmoreafterfindingfruit.Besides,wemustalsoavoiddisturbingthebearswhiletheyfeed.Astheydrinkalongtheriver,wecarefullymovearoundthem.“Whatdoyouthinkpeoplegetoutofseeingbears?”IaskBachrach.“I’vewatchedvisitorsgofromhesitanttoamazed,thenfortable,andthenobservantandthoughtful.Hopefullytheylearntosharespacewithwildanimals.Thosewhodon’tlearntosharedon’tgrowalongsideeachother.Andthosewhoshare,do,”hesays.24.Whydoesthehusbandfallasleep?A.Heisuninterestedinbears. B.Hedoesn’twanttodisturbthebears.C.Heenjoystheauthor’spany. D.Hefeelssafeintheenvironment.25.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Bears’attackingbehavior. B.Katmai’sfarawaylocation.C.Bears’differentdiets. D.Katmai’schangingseasons.26.Whatshouldaresponsiblebearvisitordo?A.Followbearsclosely. B.Sharefoodwithbears.C.Talktobears. D.Watchbearsonly.27.WhatdoesBachrachhopepeoplelearnfrombearviewing?A.Toliveinpeacewithwildlife. B.Tosurviveinthewild.C.Toincreasespaceforwildlife. D.Tolookafterbearsthoughtfully.【答案】24.D25.C26.D27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在Katmai国家公园观赏熊的经历，以及向导Bachrach对于如何与熊共处、观赏熊的注意事项和意义的讲解。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Myhusband,nervousaboutbeingnearsuchlargepredators(捕食者)anhourago,nowrelaxessomuchthathefallsasleepinthegrasstoo.(我的丈夫一个小时前还因为靠近这么大型的捕食者而紧张，现在放松得在草地上也睡着了)”可知，作者的丈夫之前因为靠近大型捕食者而紧张，但现在他感到非常放松，以至于在草地上睡着了。由此可推断，他感到环境是安全的，所以才能安心入睡。故选D项。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“TheKatmaicoastcanonlybereachedbyairorsea.Itsfarawaylocationhelpskeepbearviewingsafe.Ourguide,Bachrach,tellsusthatthemonviewofbearsasviolentpredatorskillingformeatactuallyonlyshowspartofthepicture.TheKatmaispringseesbearsfeastonplantsanddigforshellfishduringlowtide.FromlateJunetoSeptember,theymovetosalmonfilledriversforthesalmon,buttheyalsokeepeatinggrassandberries.(只能乘飞机或乘船到达卡特迈海岸。其偏远的位置有助于保证观熊的安全。我们的向导Bachrach告诉我们，人们普遍认为熊是凶猛的食肉动物，为了吃肉而杀戮，这实际上只是事情的一部分。卡特迈的春天，熊会大吃植物，并在低潮时挖贝类。从6月下旬到9月，它们会迁移到满是鲑鱼的河流去捕食鲑鱼，但它们也会继续吃草和浆果)”可知，本段主要介绍了熊的不同饮食习惯，包括吃植物、挖贝类以及捕食鲑鱼等。故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Asresponsiblevisitors,wemustneverletitgettooclose,andneverletevenabitofourfoodfalltotheground.(作为负责任的游客，我们决不能让它靠得太近，也决不能让我们的食物掉到地上)”和“Besides,wemustalsoavoiddisturbingthebearswhiletheyfeed.(此外，我们还必须避免在熊进食时打扰它们)”可知，作为负责任的观熊者，应该保持与熊的安全距离，不要让食物掉落到地上，同时避免在熊进食时打扰它们。也就是说，负责任的观熊者应该只是观察熊，而不应该做其他可能干扰熊的行为。故选D项。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Bachrach的话“Hopefullytheylearntosharespacewithwildanimals.Thosewhodon’tlearntosharedon’tgrowalongsideeachother.Andthosewhoshare,do,(希望他们学会与野生动物共享空间。那些不学会分享的人不会共同成长。而那些学会分享的人会)可知，Bachrach希望人们从观熊中学会与野生动物共享空间，共同成长，和平共处。故选A项。CRandallMunroe,whousedtoworkonrobotsatNASA,explainsscienceinafunandeasytounderstandwayinhisbookWhatIf?Onceyougetusedtohisuniquewritingstyle,youcangoonmanyamazingtripswithhimandlearnwhilelaughing.Andyouwillcertainlylearn.ThereisasortofjoyingettingrealanswerstothestrangequestionsMunroeissenteveryday.HoweverunusualthetopicsareRandalltakesthemseriously.Forexample,ifyousetameateatingdinosaur(恐龙)freeinNewYorkCity,howmanyhumanswouldithavetoeattomeetitsneedeachday?MunroethinksNewYorkcouldsupportabout350dinosaurs.That’sgoodtoknow,butwehopewedon’tneedtousethisinformation.Thebook’scoverisafullsizepictureofwhattheEarthwouldlooklikeiftheoceanswereremoved.Thebackhassomeinterestingfactsyoumightwanttoknowbeforebuyingit(eatingthebookwouldgiveyouabout2,300calories(卡路里)ifyoucouldtakeinpaper).Thanks,Randall!AlthoughMunroeknowsalotandcanperfectlyexplainthesciencebehindthequestions,WhatIf?isnotatextbook.Whenaskedwhatwouldhappenwhenyouthrewabaseballatlightspeed,hesaystherewouldbeashockwaveexpanding(膨胀)outwards,andquicklymoveson.Heisansweringthequestionafterall,butifyouarelookingfordetailedclassroomstyledescriptionsofwhatMunroeistalkingabout,you’reoutofluck.Butthat’swhatmakesitgreat.WhatIf?islightenoughtoattractyou,butdeepenoughtomakeyoucuriousaboutscienceonechapteratatime.Ifyou’rewillingtogoalongwithMunroe’sideasandguesses,you’reinforanexcitingjourneyofthemind.28.WhatcanbefoundinthebookWhatIf?A.Storiesoffunjourneys. B.Picturesoftheoceans.C.Latestscientificexperiments. D.Discussionsofunrealsituations.29.HowdoesMunroedealwiththequestionsinhisbook?A.Heoffersdirectanswers. B.Hepaysnoattention.C.Heremendstextbooks. D.Hedigsintomanypossibilities.30.WhatisMunroe’swritingstylelike?A.Formalanddetailed. B.Lightbutconfusing.C.Humorousandeducational. D.Imaginativebutunclear.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?AWhatIf?:ACollectionofFunnyScienceJokesB.WhatIf?:AScientificAdventurewithMunroeC.WhatIf?:AGuidebookonHealthyEatingHabitsD.WhatIf?:AQuestionbasedBookaboutLife【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了兰德尔·门罗所著的《那些古怪又让人忧心的问题》一书，包括其内容、写作风格以及与读者的互动方式等。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Howeverunusualthetopicsare,Randalltakesthemseriously.Forexample,ifyousetameateatingdinosaur(恐龙)freeinNewYorkCity,howmanyhumanswouldithavetoeattomeetitsneedeachday?(无论话题多么不寻常，兰德尔都会认真对待。例如，如果你在纽约市放生一只食肉恐龙，它每天需要吃多少人类才能满足需求？)”可知，书中讨论了一些不切实际的情况，如恐龙在纽约市需要吃多少人类等。因此，在《那些古怪又让人忧心的问题》这本书中可以发现对不切实际情况的讨论。故选D项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“AlthoughMunroeknowsalotandcanperfectlyexplainthesciencebehindthequestions,

WhatIf?isnotatextbook.Whenaskedwhatwouldhappenwhenyouthrewabaseballatlightspeed,hesaystherewouldbeashockwaveexpanding(膨胀)outwards,andquicklymoveson.(虽然门罗知道很多，并且可以完美地解释这些问题背后的科学，但《那些古怪又让人忧心的问题》不是教科书。当被问及以光速投掷棒球会发生什么时，他说会有一个冲击波向外膨胀，然后很快就继续讲其他内容了)”可知，门罗对于书中的问题给出了直接的答案，并没有深入探讨或推荐教科书等。因此，门罗在书中处理问题的方式是直接给出答案。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“RandallMunroe,whousedtoworkonrobotsatNASA,explainsscienceinafunandeasytounderstandwayinhisbookWhatIf?(兰德尔·门罗曾在NASA从事机器人工作，他在《那些古怪又让人忧心的问题》一书中以有趣且易于理解的方式解释科学)”和“Onceyougetusedtohisuniquewritingstyle,youcangoonmanyamazingtripswithhimandlearnwhilelaughing.(一旦你习惯了他独特的写作风格，你就可以和他一起踏上许多奇妙的旅程，在欢笑中学习)”可知，门罗的写作风格既幽默又富有教育意义。故选C项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段“RandallMunroe,whousedtoworkonrobotsatNASA,explainsscienceinafunandeasytounderstandwayinhisbookWhatIf?Onceyougetusedtohisuniquewritingstyle,youcangoonmanyamazingtripswithhimandlearnwhilelaughing.(兰德尔·门罗曾在NASA从事机器人工作，他在《那些古怪又让人忧心的问题》一书中以有趣且易于理解的方式解释科学。一旦你习惯了他独特的写作风格，你就可以和他一起踏上许多奇妙的旅程，在欢笑中学习)”可知，文章主要介绍了兰德尔·门罗所著的《那些古怪又让人忧心的问题》一书，包括其内容(讨论不切实际的情况)、写作风格(幽默且富有教育意义)以及与读者的互动方式等。因此，最适合作为本文标题的是“WhatIf?:AScientificAdventurewithMunroe(《那些古怪又让人忧心的问题》：与门罗一起的科学冒险)”。这个标题既体现了书名的原意，又概括了文章的主要内容。故选B项。DThe“hedgehog(刺猬)dilemma”isafamousmetaphorfromGermanphilosopherArthurSchopenhauer.Inhis1851book,hedescribedhowhumansstrugglewithrelationshipsthroughastoryabouthedgehogs.Hisadvicewassimple:keepyourdistance.Thissadstorybecamewidelydiscussed.SigmundFreudandmodernscientistsstudiedthisidea.In2015,anawardwinningshortfilmcalledHenryretoldthisstory.Howdoesthisapplytoreallife?Mostpeoplerememberbeinghurtbycloserelationships–brokenfriendships,familyconflicts,orromanticbetrayals.Sincetheseconnectionsmatterdeeply,theirdamagehurtsmore.Shouldwestoptrustingothers?Schopenhauersaidyes,butsciencewouldsayotherwise.AstudyinPLOSMedicinereviewing148studieswithover300,000peoplefoundthosewithstrongsocialconnectionslive50%longer.TheNationalInstituteonAgingwarnsthatlonelinessharmshealthasmuchassmoking15cigarettesdaily—makingSchopenhauer’sadviceconcerning.Whenhurtrepeatedly,peopleoftenfallintodefensemode.RelationshipexpertHilarySandersexplainsmondefensebehaviors:goingsilentduringarguments,seeingnormalmentsascriticism,oroverreactingtosmallissues.Thesereactionsoftenstartinchildhood.Ifparentsoftencriticizedorclassmatesbulliedsomeone,theymightdevelophabitslikepretendingnottocareorgettingangryeasily.Whilethesehelpedsurvivechildhoodpain,theycauseproblemsinadultrelationshipswhenusedunconsciously.Thegoodnewsispeoplecanchange.Throughtherapy,manylearntorecognizetheirdefensepatternsandunderstandtheirorigins.Couplescanimproverelationshipsbylearningeachother’semotionaltriggersandrespondingthoughtfullyinsteadofarguing.However,Sanderswarnsthatdefensesshouldn’tberemovedsuddenly—it’sliketakingdownawallbrickbybrick.AlthoughSchopenhauerfocusedonthepainofcloseness,thehedgehogstoryactuallyshowsourdeepneedforconnection.Unlikerealhedgehogs,humansaren’tbornwithphysicalspines.Bycarefullyloweringourdefensesaroundtrustworthypeople,wemighttrulyenjoybothwarmthandsafetyinrelationships.32.Whydoestheauthormentionthehedgehogdilemmainparagraph1?A.Toemphasizeitsimportance.B.TosupportSchopenhauer’sadvice.C.ToremendSchopenhauer’sbook.D.Tointroducethethemeofrelationship.33.WhatisSchopenhauer’scoresolutiontothe“hedgehogdilemma”?A.Avoidcloseness. B.Seektherapy.C.Ignorepain. D.Buildwalls.34.WhatmajorevidencegoesagainstSchopenhauer’sadvice?A.Defensebehaviorofpeople. B.Freud’sstudies.C.Longevityfromsocialties. D.Henry’sshortfilm.35.WhatdoesSanderssayaboutcloseconnection?A.Couplesshouldlearntodefenditthoughtfully.B.Humanscanbenefitfromitunconsciously.CItcanhelpchildrenrelievechildhoodpain.D.Peopleshouldmakegradualprogressinit.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕德国哲学家叔本华提出的“刺猬困境”展开，探讨了人际关系中的距离与亲密问题。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“The“hedgehog(刺猬)dilemma”isafamousmetaphorfromGermanphilosopherArthurSchopenhauer.Inhis1851book,hedescribedhowhumansstrugglewithrelationshipsthroughastoryabouthedgehogs.Hisadvicewassimple:keepyourdistance.(“刺猬困境”是德国哲学家叔本华的一个著名比喻。在他1851年出版的书中，他通过一个关于刺猬的故事描述了人类如何在人际关系中挣扎。他的建议很简单：保持距离。)”可知，文章第一段提到“刺猬困境”这一著名隐喻，接着阐述其在现实生活人际关系中的体现，如亲密关系中的伤害等。所以作者提及“刺猬困境”是为了引出关于人际关系这一主题。故选D项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hisadvicewassimple:keepyourdistance.(他的建议很简单：保持距离。)”可知，叔本华对于“刺猬困境”的核心解决办法是保持距离，也就是避免亲密（Avoidcloseness）。故选A项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hisadvicewassimple:keepyourdistance.(他的建议很简单：保持距离。)”提到叔本华建议保持距离，以及第四段中“AstudyinPLOSMedicinereviewing148studieswithover300,000peoplefoundthosewithstrongsocialconnectionslive50%longer.(一项在《公共科学图书馆・医学》上的研究，回顾了148项涉及30多万人的研究，发现有强大社交关系的人寿命长50%。)”这表明社交关系对人有益，与叔本华的建议相悖。故选C项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“However,Sanderswarnsthatdefensesshouldn’tberemovedsuddenly—it’sliketakingdownawallbrickbybrick.(然而，桑德斯警告说，防御不应该突然拆除，就像一砖一瓦地拆墙一样。)”可知，桑德斯认为人们在建立亲密关系时，不应突然去除防御，要像一砖一瓦拆除墙一样循序渐进。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,illcookedmeals,andunfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothinginmonwithme.___36___Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.____37____Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor’sbillformyson’sfoodpoisoning.Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfunfilledholidayinthewilderness.____38____Instead,wehadapopupcamperwithfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynaturelovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.___39___Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwentyeightfoottraveltrailerpletewithabathroomandabuiltinTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.___40___Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Iremendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A.Thistimetherewasnotent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E.ImustsaythatIhavecertainlyetoenjoycamping.F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.【答案】36.D37.C38.A39.F40.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己近三年来逐渐改变了对野营的看法，从以前对野营活动嗤之以鼻，经过几次野营后慢慢喜欢上了野营，最后表达野营将逐渐成为人类回归自然的很好方式，建议人们找到属于自己的方式。【36题详解】上文Theyhadnothinginmonwithme说明作者原来认为他不会成为野营者．而下文主要描述的是"我"从最开始进行"roughtravel"到有了"popupcamper"再到有了trailer的过程，在这过程中作者对野营的爱好逐步增加，对野营的相关知识也在逐步增长，上下文呈转折关系．D项意为"然而在那之后我将会学到关于野营的很多知识"，起到转折作用，引出下文，符合语境．故正确答案为D。【37题详解】由下文Wesleepinatent，cookedoveranopenfire，andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom可知，"我"的野营条件非常艰苦．C项意为"他们带我去的旅途非常艰苦"，引出下文，符合语境．故正确答案为C。【38题详解】由下文Instead，wehadapopupcamperwithfortablebedsandanairconditioner可知，空格处是与下文形成转折的内容，而"我"此次旅行用了展开式营房．A项意为"这一次没有帐篷"，与下文形成转折，符合语境．故正确答案为A。【39题详解】由第三段第一句goingonanotherfunfilledholiday可知，"我"对这次旅行非常满意，而由下文Wehavedonealotofitsince可知，"我们"都爱上了野营．F项意为"从这里旅行后，我全家都对野营产生了巨大的兴趣"，承上启下，符合语境．故正确答案为F。【40题详解】由下文soonerorlater，everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature可知，"我"希望每个人都能找到回归自然，也就是野营的个性化选择．形成这一观点的前提是"我"自己已经爱上了野营．E项意为"我必须承认我已经开始享受野营了"，引出下文，符合语境．故正确答案为E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asaparent,Ivaluetheimportanceofencouragingchildren.Supportingtheirpersonalgrowthweighsmorethananyconcernsabouttheir___41___level.Anyway,theirabilitiesmightimproveifthey___42___.So,whenmyoldersondrawsabadcartoon,ItellhimI___43___hiscreativity.Whenhe___44___thesoccergoal,Istillsayhe’splayingwell.Thankfully,he’squiteshyandhasnointerestin___45___.Myyoungerson,however,seemstohaveinherited(遗传)my___46___inperformance.Hedances___47___whenIplayamusicalshow.He’soutgoingandalwaysreadytosing“HappyBirthday”loudlyata