2025-2026学年高一上学期期末英语模拟卷01（人教版）（解析版）

PAGE2/22025-2026学年高一上学期期末模拟卷01英语·全解全析（满分150分，考试用时120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.测试范围：必修一+必修二Units1~3（人教版）。4.难度系数：0.65。5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whenwastheman’sbirthday?A．OnFriday. B．OnSaturday. C．OnSunday.【答案】A【原文】W:I’msorryImissedyourbirthdaypartyonSaturday.Didyouenjoyit?M:Yes.Mybirthdaywasactuallythedaybefore,butIwasatschoolthatday.W:Isee.CanItakeyououtfordinnertoday?Justtomakeupformymistake.M:Sure,thatsoundsnice.2．Whodrivestheschoolbustoday?A．Julie. B．Henry. C．Elliot.【答案】A【原文】M:Goodmorning…oh,whereisHenrytoday?W:Hello,I’mJulie.Henry’sonleave,soI’llbedrivingyourschoolbusthisweek.Andwhoareyou?M:I’mElliot.IalwayshaveachatwithHenrywhenIgetonthebusinthemorning.3．Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A．Shecan’taffordabag. B．Shecan’tstandforlong. C．Shecan’tmakeadecision.【答案】C【原文】M:OK,makeupyourmind.Whichbagdoyouwant?W:Thisisdifficult.Theblueoneisjusttherightsize,butIquitelikethegreenoneaswell.M:Justchooseonethen.Wecan’tstandhereallday.4．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Inagrocerystore. B．Athome. C．Atthedoctor’s.【答案】B【原文】M:Hereissomemedicineforyou.Sinceautumnhasarrived,you’dbettereatlessyogurt.Refrigeratedfoodwilldoharmtoyourstomach.W:Gotit.I’llgetpuremilkandwarmitup.M:Yes,that’sit.Ifyoustillfeelthepain,you’dbettergotoaclinic.5．Whatdoesthemanwanttodotonight?A．WatchfootballonTV. B．Buysomebooks. C．Gotoabasketballgame.【答案】C【原文】M:Hey,Flora.DoyouknowwhereIcanbuyticketstothebasketballgametonight?W:Inevergotobasketballgames,butI’mprettysuretheyareforsaleatthesameplaceIbuyfootballtickets—nexttothebookstore.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A．Talkingaboutanonlinevideo.B．Attendingarescueoperation.C．WatchingnewsonTV.7．Whatdoesthewoman’sfatherprobablydo?A．Heisadeliverydriver. B．Heisanengineer. C．Heisabuilder.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】M:Hey,haveyouseenthisvideoonWeibo?W:No.Whatisitabout?M:AmaninBeijingmanagedtosaveafamilycaughtinthefloodduringTyphoonDoksuri.Look!Heisdrivingacrossabridge,withthewaterrushingallaroundhim.W:Heisaskillfuldriver.Itisnoteasytodrivesuchalargevehicle.Mydaddrivesoneofthoseonhisbuildingsite.Itreallytakesalotofskill!M:Icanimagine.Wow,look,heevenmanagedtosavethefamilydog!W:Whatahero!听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatdoesthesecondmentionedversionsayabouttheoriginofhotdogs?A．Itliesinamisspelling.B．Itcomesfromtheshape.C．Itdatesfromtheyearof1860.9．WhobroughtsausagestotheUS?A．TheItalians. B．TheGermans. C．TheFrench.10．WhydidFeuchtwangerreplacegloveswithbread?A．Tokeepitstaste. B．Tosavemoney. C．Toincreasesales.【答案】8．A9．B10．B【原文】W:Steve,doyouknowwhyadishconsistingofasausageandbreadiscalleda“hotdog”?M:Well,oneversiongoesthatitgetsthenamefromitsshape.W:Yes,itdoeslooklikeasausagedog.M:Yeah,anotherversionisthatacartoonistmisspelled“DachshundSausage”as“hotdog”inhiscartoon.Afterthiscomicbookwaspublished,thenamespreadacrosstheUnitedStates.W:So,whatistherealorigin?WasitinventedbytheItaliansortheFrench?M:Neither.GermansmovedtoAmericaandbroughtsausagesinthe1860s.AndthenamannamedFeuchtwangerbegantosellsausages.Atfirst,heusedglovestokeepcustomersfromtheheat.Butbecauseofthehighcost,hestartedusingbreadinsteadofgloves.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．WhatisSteve’sroleontheband?A．Conductor. B．Guitarist. C．Instructor.12．WhydoesStevechoosethemusichallfortheconcert?A．Itislargeenough. B．It’swheretheypractice. C．Ithasgoodsoundeffect.13．Whenwilltheconcerttakeplace?A．NextTuesday. B．NextThursday. C．Nextweekend.【答案】11．B12．C13．A【原文】W:Hey,Steve,Ihearyoustartedtheband.M:Yeah,IplaytheguitarandsomefriendsandIgettogethertostartmakingmusic.MrsWilson,ourmusicteacher,isalsotheretoguideus.W:Areyougoingtohaveaconcert?M:Yeah,we’vebeenpracticingforacoupleofmonths.Wewantedtodoitinthecampusmusichall.Weplayrockandroll.It’skindofloud,soit’dsoundgreatinthere.W:Whenareyougoingtohavetheconcert?M:Themusichall’salreadybeenbookedforthenextfewweekends,butthereisanopeningnextTuesdaynight.Wecoulddothisshowthen.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Watchingaconcert. B．Givinganinterview. C．Promotingamusiccourse.15．WhydoesAliceperformfreeconcerts?A．Tomakeherbandfamous.B．Toexplorenewmusicalstyles.C．Tosupportmusiceducationprograms.16．WhatinfluencedAlice’screationofmixed-stylemusic?A．Hershowexperiences. B．Herband’ssuggestions. C．Hermusicschooltraining.17．HowdoesAlicefeelaboutherteachingwork?A．Boring. B．Inspiring. C．Demanding.【答案】14．B15．C16．C17．B【详解】M:Alice,thankyouforcomingtoday.First,couldyoutellusaboutyournewalbum?Iheardyou’redoingfreeshows—what’sthestorythere?W:You’rewelcome!Actually,ticketmoneyfromtheseshowsgoestomusiceducation.Idon’ttakepaymentmyself,butmybandgetspaidnormally.Wewantarttobeaccessibletoeveryonewhilesupportingyoungmusicians.M:That’scool.Now,youralbummixesjazz,electronicbeats,andevenold-stylefolkmusic.Howdidthisuniquemixcometogether?W:Itstartedbackinmusicschool,honestly.Ourteacherspushedustoexplorestylesbeyondclassical—likemakingupsongsonthespotandworkingwithotherartists.Thoselessonsmademelovemixingsounds.M:Interesting!YoualsotaughtattheYouthMusicAcademylastyear.Whatwasthatlike?W:Itchangedmealot.Teachingteenswhileworkingwithexcellentteachersshowedmehowdifferentpeoplecreatearttogether.Thisexperiencegivesfreshideastoanymusician.M:Amazing!Wecan’twaitforyourtour.Thanksforsharingyourtimewithus!听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．WhichkindofmusicdidJackperform?A．Pop. B．Country. C．Rock.19．Howdidthespeakerreactwhenitstartedtorain?A．Shekeptonwatching.B．Shelefttohidefromtherain.C．Shewenttobuyanumbrella.20．Whendidtheconcertbegin?A．At3p.m. B．At7p.m. C．At10p.m.【答案】18．C19．A20．B【原文】W:IwenttoapopmusicconcertlastSaturday.Itlastedforthreehours.Ididenjoytheconcertandpopmusicmademefeelyoungandenergetic.Ofcourse,apartfrompopmusic,Ialsopreferredotherkindsofmusic,likecountrymusicandrockandroll.WhenJack,myfavoriterockmusicsingerwassinging,itbegantorain.Wewereallwetbuttheconcertstillcontinuedandnobodyleft.Later,theorganizersofferedsomeraincoatsandumbrellas.MyfriendandIwereabletoshareoneumbrella.Althoughtheweatherwasbad,themusicwasamazing.Thebandsperformedsowellthatwedidn’twanttoleavewhenitendedat10p.m.Iwillneverforgettheirexcellentperformance.It’sagreatpleasuretoenjoythemusicconcertinarain.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcometoourtravelblog,whichtellsyouhowtogetbigtravelwithlowcost.Withtherightplanning,travelingasacollegestudentmaybeeasierthanyouthink.Chengdu,ChinaItishometopandasandspicythings.Besides,thecityhasanumberofculturalandhistoricalsightstogetherwithitsslowlifestyle,makingChengduoneofthemostattractivecitiesforcollegestudents.Onaverage,youmayspendabout¥157onmealsand¥43ontransportationthereforoneday.ConDaoIsland,VietnamYoucantravelforabout¥100perdayinVietnamifyouhaveagoodplan.ConDaoIslandNationPark,agroupofsmallislandsoffthesoutherncoast,isagreatdestinationtoseeseaturtlesandexplorethebeautifulbeaches.ZakynthosIsland,GreeceIfyou’relookingforaninexpensiveEuropeansummerbeachvacation,considerZakynthosIsland.Foodischeapandmouthwatering.Thereareplentyoffreethingstodo,suchasspendingtimeonthebeautifulbeachesorswimmingintheamazingsea.NewOrleans,U.S.NewOrleansisauniqueplaceintheU.S.,fullofhistory,culture,deliciousfood,andanon-stopnightlifescene.ThereareactuallyacoupleofhostelsinandneartheFrenchQuarterthatoffercheapaccommodationforstudents.21．HowmuchonaveragemaybespentonmealsandtransportationinChengduperday?A．¥43. B．¥200. C．¥157. D．¥100.22．WhatdoConDaoandZakynthosIslandshaveincommon?A．Freetouristattractions.B．Impressivecultures.C．Largemuseums.D．Amazingseaviews.23．WhatistheadvantageoftheFrenchQuarter?A．Itoffersuniqueserviceforstudents.B．IthasthelongesthistoryinNewOrleans.C．Thepriceofhostelsislow.D．Hostelstherearecleanandmodern.【答案】21．B22．D23．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对大学生如何进行低成本的旅行提出了建议。21．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Onaverage,youmayspendabout¥157onmealsand¥43ontransportationthereforoneday.(在那里，平均一天的餐费约为157元，交通费为43元。)”可知，在成都，平均每天在餐费和交通费上要花200元。故选B。22．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“ConDaoIslandNationPark,agroupofsmallislandsoffthesoutherncoast,isagreatdestinationtoseeseaturtlesandexplorethebeautifulbeaches.(孔岛国家公园是南海岸附近的一群小岛，是观赏海龟和探索美丽海滩的好去处。)”和第四段最后一句“Thereareplentyoffreethingstodo,suchasspendingtimeonthebeautifulbeachesorswimmingintheamazingsea.(有很多免费的事情可以做，比如花时间在美丽的海滩上或在令人惊叹的大海里游泳。)”可知，孔岛和扎金索斯群岛的共同之处是都有美丽的海景。故选D。23．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“ThereareactuallyacoupleofhostelsinandneartheFrenchQuarterthatoffercheapaccommodationforstudents.(实际上，在法国区及其附近有几家青年旅社，为学生提供便宜的住宿。)”可知，法国区的优势是宾馆价格低廉。故选C。BGrowingup,IrealizedIwasn’tastalkativeasotherswithinlargegroupsofpeople.Partieswereamixedexperienceforme—Ireallywantedtobepartofthem,butusuallyspentthenightwaitingforittoend.Isawothersgettingeveryone’sattention.Ifeltlessconfident.Theysayconfidencecomeswithtime.ButeightyearsintomyHR(humanresources)career(职业),Istillfoundmyselfstayingoutofthelimelight(公众注意的中心).AndthenacolleagueaskedmeifIwasanintrovert(内向的人).“No...?”Ireplied.Ithoughtintrovertswerestrange,andtheydidn’tevenlikepeople.Thatwascertainlynotme.I’dalwayslikedpeople;Ifoundthemfascinating.WhenIwaswithmyclosestfriends,Iwasquitetalkative.Thenheexplainedtomethatintrovertsdon’tknowwhattodowhenthey’rearoundotherpeopleandneedalonetimetorecharge.Extrovertsaretheopposite.Andthatwasit.Hearingthetwosimplestatements,Ifeltlikeoverthreedecadesofshamehadbeenliftedoffmyshoulders.IlearnedtoacceptmyintrovertednatureandfocusedonwhatIenjoyed.AsIbegantoconnectwithpeopleone-on-one,Ifounditverymeaningful.ThisencouragedmetoexplorehowIcouldusemyintroversiontohelpothers.Finally,IstartedanonlinebusinesscalledCareerOffScript,whereIfocusonhelpingyoungprofessionalswhoarefeelinglostandunhappy.Iworkwiththemone-on-onetodiscovertheiruniquesuperpowers,strengths.Sothey,too,canappreciatetheiruniquenessandfindtheirownsuccess.24．Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A．Theauthor’sinterests. B．Theauthor’spersonality.C．Theauthor’schildhoodlife. D．Theauthor’ssocialnetwork.25．Whydidtheauthorsaytohercolleaguethatshewasn’tanintrovert?A．Shethoughthercolleaguewaslaughingather.B．Shedidn’twanttoadmitthatshelikedpeople.C．Shehadbecometalkativeafterworkingforeightyears.D．Shehadmisunderstandingsofwhatanintrovertislike.26．Whateffectdidtheauthor’scolleague’swordshaveonher?A．Shelookedatherselfpositively. B．ShedecidedtogiveupherHRcareer.C．Shedevelopedaninterestinpeople. D．Sherealizedwhereherweaknesseslay.27．WhatdoestheauthormainlyhelppeopledobyrunningCareerOffScript?A．Becomeextroverts. B．Makecareerchoices.C．Discovertheirstrengths. D．Establishlongfriendships.【答案】24．B25．D26．A27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何接受自己的内向性格并利用它帮助他人。文章通过作者的亲身经历，展现了从对内向性格的误解到接受，并最终利用这一特点创办在线事业帮助他人的过程。24．主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Growingup,IrealizedIwasn’tastalkativeasotherswithinlargegroupsofpeople.Partieswereamixedexperienceforme—Ireallywantedtobepartofthem,butusuallyspentthenightwaitingforittoend.Isawothersgettingeveryone’sattention.Ifeltlessconfident.(在成长的过程中，我意识到自己在大群体中并不像其他人那样健谈。派对对我来说是一种复杂的体验——我真的很想成为其中的一员，但通常整晚都在盼着它快点结束。我看到其他人能够吸引所有人的注意，这让我感到不那么自信)”可知，本段主要关于作者的性格。故选B。25．推理判断题。由文章第四段“Ithoughtintrovertswerestrange,andtheydidn’tevenlikepeople.Thatwascertainlynotme.I’dalwayslikedpeople;Ifoundthemfascinating.WhenIwaswithmyclosestfriends,Iwasquitetalkative.(我认为内向的人很奇怪，他们甚至不喜欢与人交往。那绝对不是我。我一直都很喜欢与人接触，我觉得他们很有趣。当我和最亲密的朋友在一起时，我很健谈)”可知，作者对内向的人有误解。故选D。26．推理判断题。由文章第七段中“Hearingthetwosimplestatements,Ifeltlikeoverthreedecadesofshamehadbeenliftedoffmyshoulders.(听到这两句简单的话，我感觉三十多年的羞愧感从肩上卸了下来)”可知，同事的话让作者开始积极地看待自己。故选A。27．细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Finally,IstartedanonlinebusinesscalledCareerOffScript,whereIfocusonhelpingyoungprofessionalswhoarefeelinglostandunhappy.Iworkwiththemone-on-onetodiscovertheiruniquesuperpowers,strengths.Sothey,too,canappreciatetheiruniquenessandfindtheirownsuccess.(最终，我创办了一个名为“CareerOffScript”的在线业务，专注于帮助那些感到迷茫和不快乐的年轻专业人士。我与他们一对一地合作，发掘他们独特的超能力、优势。这样，他们也能欣赏自己的独特性，并找到自己的成功之路)”可知，作者主要通过经营“CareerOffScript”帮助人们发现自己的优势。故选C。CAnutrient-rich(营养丰富)dietwithfewaddedsugarsmayslowratesofbiologicalaginginwomen,anewresearchsuggests.Scientistsfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhoatemorefoodspackedwithvitamins,mineralsandantioxidants(抗氧化物)had“younger-looking”cellsthanthosewhohadlesshealthydiets.Theyjudgedwhetheracellwasyoungbylookingatmethyl(甲基)groups,onthesurfaceofDNA．Thepatternofthesemethylgroupschangesasweage,whichisbelievedtoincreasecellularaging.“Sugarsarelinkedtoworsenedhealthandearlydiseasepossiblymorethananyotherfoodfactor.”co-authorElissaEpel,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,saidinastatement.Epelandhercolleaguesanalyzedfoodrecordsof342womenoverthreedays.Theteamthenscoredeachwoman’sdietbasedonhowcloselyitfollowedvariousestablisheddiets:Whilenutrient-richdietsweretiedtoslowedaging,addedsugarsseemedtocontroltheeffect.Inthestudy,womenwhoconsumedhigheramountsofaddedsugarsshowedsignsoffastercellularagingcomparedtoothers,eveniftheyateotherhealthydiets.“Addedsugars”refertosugarsthatareaddedtofoodduringproductionsuchasthoseinsugareddrinksandbakedgoods,asopposedtothenaturallyoccurringsugarsfoundinmilk,fruitsandvegetables.Thenewstudyisoneofthefirsttodemonstratealinkbetweenaddedsugarconsumptionandcellularaging,theauthorssaid.Theteamcalculatedtheparticipants’agesbylookingattheDNAmethylationofcellswithsamples.Thesedatashowedthelinksbetweendietandcellularaging,buttheywereonlyatipoftheiceberg.Infact,moreresearchisneededtoassesshowfollowingthesedietsmightaffectaginginthelongrun.28．Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A．Abalanceddietislinkedtopeople’shealth.B．Alow-sugarhealthydietmaydelaywomen’saging.C．Thesugaryfoodhasnoeffectonthewomen’sbody.D．Theaddedsugarsslowdownpeople’sbiologicalaging.29．Whichofthefollowingfoodmaymakecellsagefasteraccordingtoparagraph3?A．Puremilk. B．Chinesecabbage. C．Birthdaycakes. D．Freshwatermelons.30．HowdidEpelandhercolleaguesconducttheirstudy?A．Bygivinganexample. B．Byintroducingaconcept.C．Bymakingacomparison. D．Byraisingsomequestions.31．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Thestudylacksfurthersupport.B．Therearedataerrorsinthestudy.C．People’sagecanbechangedbydiet.D．Sugarydietaffectshealthinthelongrun.【答案】28．B29．C30．C31．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究表明，富含营养、少添加糖的饮食可能减缓女性生物衰老速度，研究还分析了饮食与细胞衰老的关系。28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Anutrient-rich(营养丰富)dietwithfewaddedsugarsmayslowratesofbiologicalaginginwomen,anewresearchsuggests.(一项新的研究表明，富含营养、添加糖较少的饮食可能会减缓女性的生物衰老速度。)”可知，低糖健康饮食可能会延缓女性衰老。故选B。29．推理判断题。根据第三段中““Addedsugars”refertosugarsthatareaddedtofoodduringproductionsuchasthoseinsugareddrinksandbakedgoods,asopposedtothenaturallyoccurringsugarsfoundinmilk,fruitsandvegetables.(“添加糖”是指在生产过程中添加到食物中的糖，如含糖饮料和烘焙食品中的糖，而不是牛奶、水果和蔬菜中天然存在的糖。)”可知，生日蛋糕属于烘焙食品，其中的添加糖可能会使细胞衰老得更快，而纯牛奶、大白菜和新鲜西瓜中的糖是天然存在的糖，不会加速细胞衰老。故选C。30．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Epelandhercolleaguesanalyzedfoodrecordsof342womenoverthreedays.Theteamthenscoredeachwoman’sdietbasedonhowcloselyitfollowedvariousestablisheddiets:Whilenutrient-richdietsweretiedtoslowedaging,addedsugarsseemedtocontroltheeffect.Inthestudy,womenwhoconsumedhigheramountsofaddedsugarsshowedsignsoffastercellularagingcomparedtoothers,eveniftheyateotherhealthydiets.(Epel和她的同事分析了342名女性三天的饮食记录。然后，研究小组根据每位女性的饮食与各种既定饮食的接近程度对其进行评分：虽然富含营养的饮食与延缓衰老有关，但添加糖似乎控制了这种效果。在这项研究中，与其他人相比，摄入更多添加糖的女性即使吃其他健康饮食，也显示出细胞衰老更快的迹象。)”可知，Epel和她的同事通过对比不同饮食（富含营养的饮食和添加糖较多的饮食）对女性细胞衰老的影响来开展研究。故选C。31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thesedatashowedthelinksbetweendietandcellularaging,buttheywereonlyatipoftheiceberg.Infact,moreresearchisneededtoassesshowfollowingthesedietsmightaffectaginginthelongrun.(这些数据显示了饮食和细胞衰老之间的联系，但这只是冰山一角。事实上，还需要更多的研究来评估长期遵循这些饮食可能会如何影响衰老。)”可知，这项研究还需要进一步的支持。故选A。DIn2016,ChinamadeApril24SpaceDaytocelebrateitsspaceachievements.Thecountry’scommercialspacejourneyprogressedquicklyinNovember2024whentheLongMarch12rocketwassuccessfullysentintospacefromtheHainanCommercialSpaceLaunchSiteinWenchang.ThisimportanteventshowedthatChinahadfinishedbuildingitswholecommercialspaceindustrychain,includingmakingsatellites,launchservices,anddataapplications.Commercialspacemeansactivitiesinspacetechnologythataredrivenbythemarket,aimingtomakeprofitsthroughlaunchesandservices.Globally,theU.S.istheleaderinthisfield.In2023,theworld’sspaceeconomymade$400billion,andcommercialsatellitesaccountedfor71%($285billion).PrivatecompanieslikeSpaceXhelpedtheU.S.stayaheadwithcreativemethodsinmakingreusablerocketsandsatelliteinternet(Starlink).TheU.S.alsoleadsinspaceinvestment,securing51%oftheworld’smoneyputintospaceprojects.Chinaenteredcommercialspacelaterbuthasgainedmomentum.SinceannouncingLongMarchrocketsforinternationallaunchesin1985,itsmarketscalehassharplyrisenfrom0.6trillionyuan($82billion)in2018to1.9trillionyuanin2023,growing23%peryear.Governmentsupporthashelpedthisgrowth:commercialspacewascalleda“newgrowthengine”inChina’s2024governmentreport,andHainanprovincehassetupplatformsforrocketrecoverytechnology.TheHainanlaunchsiteisagame-changer.ItsNo.2launchpad(发射台),designedformedium-sizedliquid-fuelrockets,enableshigh-frequency,cost-effectivelauncheswithrapidturnaroundtimes.TheLongMarch12rocket,China’sfirst3.8-meter-diametervehicle,usesadesignthatbreaksitintopartstomakeitbetteratcarryingthingsandcheaper.Akeyinnovation(创新)isitswayofputtingtherockettogetherandmovingitwhileit’slyingdown.Thisgetsridoftheneedfortallbuildingstoassemble(组装)therockets,cutsdownonworkdonehighup,andimprovesefficiency.Lookingahead,Chinaplanstolaunchmanysatellitesinlow-Earthorbitstogivebroadbandinternettothewholeworld.Withcontinuousbreakthroughsinreusablerockettechnologyandsimplerlaunchprocesses,thecountryisontracktobecomeamajorplayeroftheglobalspaceeconomyby2025,findingagoodbalancebetweeninnovationandcommercialpossibility.32．WhatmaycontributetotheU.S.’sleadingplaceinthecommercialspacefield?A．Acompletecommercialspaceindustrychain. B．Highgovernmentfundingforspaceprojects.C．Market-drivenprofitableactivities. D．TheestablishmentofSpaceDay.33．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gainedmomentum”inparagraph3mean?A．AdvancedrapidlyB．Spedsuddenly C．Progressedgradually D．Changedcompletely34．WhyistheHainanlaunchsitecalledagame-changer?A．IntendedtolaunchChina’sbiggestrockets. B．Havingcreativeandefficienttechnicaladvantages.C．Abletoconductmanylaunchesquicklyandcostly. D．Usingatraditionalsystemforrocketassembly.35．Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Chinahasthemostadvancedreusablerockettechnology.B．Chinahaslaunchedmanysatellitesforglobalbroadband.C．ChinaaimstomakebothbreakthroughsandprofitsD．Chinaaimstoleadtheglobaleconomyby2025【答案】32．C33．A34．B35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球商业航天的发展现状，重点分析了中美两国在该领域的竞争态势、技术创新及未来规划，展现了中国在科技自主创新和商业航天领域的崛起。32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Globally,theU.S.istheleaderinthisfield.In2023,theworld’sspaceeconomymade$400billion,andcommercialsatellitesaccountedfor71%($285billion).PrivatecompanieslikeSpaceXhelpedtheU.S.stayaheadwithcreativemethodsinmakingreusablerocketsandsatelliteinternet(Starlink).TheU.S.alsoleadsinspaceinvestment,securing51%oftheworld’smoneyputintospaceprojects.(从全球来看，美国在这一领域处于领先地位。2023年，世界空间经济收入为4000亿美元，商业卫星占71%（2850亿美元）。像SpaceX这样的私营公司帮助美国在制造可重复使用的火箭和卫星互联网（Starlink）方面保持领先地位。美国在太空投资方面也处于领先地位，占全球太空项目投资的51%。)”可知，美国在商业太空领域领先是因为商业太空是由市场驱动，通过发射和服务获取利润的活动，美国的私人公司在其中发挥了作用，这些活动是市场驱动的盈利活动。故选C项。33．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Chinaenteredcommercialspacelaterbuthas….SinceannouncingLongMarchrocketsforinternationallaunchesin1985,itsmarketscalehassharplyrisenfrom0.6trillionyuan($82billion)in2018to1.9trillionyuanin2023,growing23%peryear.(中国进入商业太空的时间较晚，但……。自1985年宣布长征火箭进行国际发射以来，其市场规模从2018年的0.6万亿元（820亿美元）急剧上升到1万亿元。2023年达到9万亿元，年均增长23%。)”可知，中国虽然进入商业太空领域较晚，但市场规模大幅增长，每年增长23%，由此可推测“gainedmomentum”意思是快速发展，A选项“Advancedrapidly(快速前进，迅速发展)”符合语境。故选A项。34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheHainanlaunchsiteisagame-changer.ItsNo.2launchpad(发射台),designedformedium-sizedliquid-fuelrockets,enableshigh-frequency,cost-effectivelauncheswithrapidturnaroundtimes.Akeyinnovation(创新)isitswayofputtingtherockettogetherandmovingitwhileit’slyingdown.Thisgetsridoftheneedfortallbuildingstoassemble(组装)therockets,cutsdownonworkdonehighup,andimprovesefficiency.(海南的发射场改变了游戏规则。它的2号发射台是为中型液体燃料火箭设计的，可以实现高频率、高成本效益的发射，并且周转时间短。长征12号火箭是中国首个直径3.8米的运载火箭，它采用了将火箭分成多个部分的设计，以使其运载能力更好，成本更低。一个关键的创新是把火箭放在一起，并在它躺着的时候移动它的方式。这样就不需要高层建筑来组装火箭，减少了在高层完成的工作，提高了效率。)”可知，海南发射场被称为改变游戏规则的因素是因为它有创新的技术，如独特的火箭组装和移动方式，提高了效率，具有创造性和高效的技术优势。故选B项。35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lookingahead,Chinaplanstolaunchmanysatellitesinlow-Earthorbitstogivebroadbandinternettothewholeworld.Withcontinuousbreakthroughsinreusablerockettechnologyandsimplerlaunchprocesses,thecountryisontracktobecomeamajorplayeroftheglobalspaceeconomyby2025,findingagoodbalancebetweeninnovationandcommercialpossibility.(展望未来，中国计划在近地轨道发射多颗卫星，为全世界提供宽带互联网。随着可重复使用火箭技术的不断突破和发射过程的简化，中国有望在2025年之前成为全球太空经济的主要参与者，并在创新和商业可能性之间找到良好的平衡。)”可知，中国计划发射卫星提供宽带互联网，在可重复使用火箭技术等方面有持续突破，并且要在创新和商业可能性之间找到平衡，这意味着中国既追求技术突破又追求利润。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Peoplehatepackaging.And,yes,there’salotofbadandwastefulpackagingoutthere.36Whenitcomestoprotectinganddispensing(分发)food,therightpackagecangreatlyreducewaste.Hereareafewexamples.Packagingkeepsthemeatfresh.Wethrowawayafifthofthebeefwebuy—theequivalent(等量)of8millioncowseachyear—oftenbecauseitgoesbadbeforewecookit.Thesolution?37Case-readypackagingcanlengthenthatshelflifetoupto21days.Ifthemeatyouboughtisn’tgoingtobeeatenwithinafewdays,case-readypackagingisthebetterchoicefortheenvironment.38ThisdairywastecanbeavoidedwithpackagingtechnologysuchasTetraPak(利乐包装纸盒),whichiscommonlyusedinEuropeandAsiatokeepmilkfromspoiling,evenwithoutrefrigeration.Recycledornot,TetraPakisagoodenvironmentalbetbecauseitcanlengthentheshelflifeofmilkuptoninemonths.39Onceagain,theenvironmentalbenefitofthefood-protectiontechnologyoutweighstheharmfulimpactofthepackagingitself.PackagingFixesStickySituations.40Oneexampleofwaste-reducingpackagingistheconceptprojectshownfromdesignerDrewStanley.Hedesignedapeanutbutterjarmadeofasoftmaterialwhichcanbeturnedinsideoutandscraped(刮掉)clean,avoidingstickyfoodstickingtoyourfingers.A．Packagingprotectsmilk.B．UsingTetraPakpackaging.C．Butpackagingisn’talwaystheenemy.D．Weshouldpayattentiontotherubbishproducedbypackaging.E．Scientistshavedevelopedpackagingthatcankeeprefrigeratedmeatfreshforweeks.F．Itcanreducetheneedforrefrigerationandtheamountofmilkthatgoeswasted.G．Foodleftbehindinjarsandbottlesmakesupasurprisingamountofwaste.【答案】36．C37．E38．A39．F40．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正确的包装可以有效减少浪费。36．空格前的句子“Peoplehatepackaging.And,yes,there’salotofbadandwastefulpackagingoutthere.(人们讨厌包装。是的，有很多糟糕和浪费的包装。)”说因为浪费，人们讨厌包装。而空格后的句子“Whenitcomestoprotectinganddispensing(分发)food,therightpackagecangreatlyreducewaste.(在保护和分配食物时，正确的包装可以大大减少浪费。)”又说正确的包装可以大大减少浪费。由此可推知，观点发生了转变，故空处应该填转折句进行过渡。C项“Butpackagingisn’talwaystheenemy.(但包装并不总是环境的敌人)”填入空格处，符合文章行文逻辑。故选C项。37．根据空格前的句子“Wethrowawayafifthofthebeefwebuy—theequivalent(等量)of8millioncowseachyear—oftenbecauseitgoesbadbeforewecookit.Thesolution?(我们扔掉了我们购买的五分之一的牛肉——相当于每年800万头牛——通常是因为它们在我们烹饪之前就变质了。解决方案?)”可知，空格处的句子应该提到防止牛肉变质的解决方案。所以E项“Scientistshavedevelopedpackagingthatcankeeprefrigeratedmeatfreshforweeks.(科学家们已经开发出一种可以使冷藏肉类保持数周新鲜的包装。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选E项。38．空格处是该部分的主题句。根据下文的内容“ThisdairywastecanbeavoidedwithpackagingtechnologysuchasTetraPak(利乐包装纸盒),whichiscommonlyusedinEuropeandAsiatokeepmilkfromspoiling,evenwithoutrefrigeration.Recycledornot,TetraPakisagoodenvironmentalbetbecauseitcanlengthentheshelflifeofmilkuptoninemonths.(使用利乐包等包装技术可以避免这种乳制品浪费。利乐包在欧洲和亚洲通常用于防止牛奶变质，即使没有冷藏。无论回收与否，利乐包都是一个很