广东省深圳红岭中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

红岭中学学年度第一学期第一学段考试高二英语试卷（说明：本试卷考试时间为分钟，满分为分）第一部分基础知识运用（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面各题，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Isthistheonlyreason________atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.whyheexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.thatheexplainedD.whichheexplained【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是他在会上解释的他在工作中粗心大意的唯一原因吗？分析句子可知，reasontheonlythat引导定语从句。故选C项。【点睛】2.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders__consumerplaintshaveresultedinchangesintheA.whereB.whenC.whoD.which【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在本章的后面，我们将向读者介绍消费者投诉导致法律变化的案例。设空cases情况下应用inthis/thatcase,注意介词不可少，inwhich=“where”，故用where引导定语从句。故选A。3.Thenewlypublishedclimatereportappears________thesevereimpactofmeltingpermafrost,whichhassurprisedmanyscientists.A.UnderestimatingB.tounderestimateC.tobeunderestimatingD.tohaveunderestimated第1页/共29页【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新发布的气候报告似乎低估了融化的永久冻土的严重影响，这让许多科appearsappeartodosth.“似乎做某事”，所以空处需填动词不定式，结合语境可知，低估这一动作发生在报告发布之前，所以空处需填动词不定式的完成式tohavedone。故选D。4.Icertainlyappreciate__________usofthedelayindeliveringthematerialsbecausewehadplannedtobeginworkA.hisinformingB.himofinformingC.heinformedD.himtoinform【答案】A【解析】appreciate后跟doing作宾语，hisinforming为动名词复合结构做宾语。故选A。5.Eugene’sneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.It’snouse______withhim.A.toargueB.arguingC.arguedD.havingargued【答案】B【解析】EugeneItisnousedoingsth.做某事是没有用的。动名词作主语。故选B项。6.John’sbadhabitis________withoutthoroughunderstanding,asaresultofwhich,hedidn’tpasstheexam.A.readB.beingreadC.tobereadD.reading【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：约翰的坏习惯是阅读不透彻，因此他没有通过考试。分析句子可知，空格前为系动词is，此处需用动名词（doing形式）作表语，说明主语“坏习惯”的具体内容。故选D项。7.Themanagingdirectorwas________fortheaccident,althoughitwasnothisfault.A.tobeblamedB.toblameC.blamedD.blaming【答案】B【解析】第2页/共29页【详解】考查固定短语。句意：总经理应为这次事故负责，虽然那不是他的错。betoblame为固定搭配，表“应受责备”，主动形式表被动意义。故选B。8.Heremained________whenhiswife________herselfatthebackoftheroom.A.seating;seatingB.seated;seatedC.seating;seatedD.seated;seating【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词和短语。句意：当他的妻子坐在房间后面时，他依然坐着。第一空remain为系动词，后接形容词seatedseatoneself自己就座”，结合语境及“remained”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，空处用过去式seatedB。9.Not________enoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoomuch.A.givingB.togiveC.beinggivenD.tobegiven【答案】A【解析】givingenoughpraise作主语，表主动含义。故选A。10.Heaskedalotofquestions,mostof______hadnothingtodowithhisstudy.A.thatB.whichC.themD.what【答案】B【解析】+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词questionsofwhich。故选B。________,theinternationalconferencecametoasuccessfulconclusion.A.AllissuessettledB.allissuessettlingC.AllissuesbeingsettledD.Afterallissuessettled【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：所有问题都解决了，这次国际会议圆满结束了。此处是独立主格结构“名词+issues与settlesettledD选项需改为“Afterallissuesweresettled”才第3页/共29页正确。故选A项。12.________youdon’tlikeistheway________hecriticizedhisteammatesinpublic.A.It;whichB.That;howC.What;/D.What;how【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：你不喜欢的是他在公开场合批评队友的方式。一空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，用what引导；二空处引导定语从句，先行词是way，way后的定语从句有三种形式，用that引导或用inwhich引导或者省略关系词。故选C项。13.itthenewtrainingmethod________thecoachintroducedlastweek________ledtotheiramazingvictory?A.that;whichB.which;/C./;whichD.that;that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：是教练上周引入的新训练方法让他们取得了惊人的胜利吗？“________thecoachintroducedlastweekmethod从句中作动词introduced宾语，用关系代词which/that引导此定语从句，关系代词which/that在句中作宾语，也可省略；此句是强调句型“Itwas+被强调部分+that+剩余部分”的一般疑问句，被强调部分是“thenewtrainingmethod________thecoachintroducedlastweek”，第二空填that。故选D。14.________inthepanyforoveradecade,he________allitsmajortransformations.A.witnessedB.Havingworked;hadwitnessedC.Havingworked;witnessedD.wouldwitness【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：在这家公司工作了十多年，他见证了公司所有的重大变革。根据witnessed；第一空“工作十多年”发生在“见证变革”之前，是非谓语动词，表示“先于谓语动作发生的动作”，主语“he”与动词“work”与之间是逻辑上的主动关系，需用现在分词完成式Havingworked。故选C。15.While________toEnglishfromyoungundoubtedlyplaysapart,continuouspracticeisthekeyto________suchagoodmandofit.A.exposing;himhavingB.exposing;hishavingC.havingexposed;himhavingD.beingexposed;hishaving第4页/共29页【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然从小接触英语无疑起到了一定的作用，但不断的练习是他掌握英语的关键。第一空为动名词形式作主语，expose和逻辑主语“他”之间为被动关系，应用beingdone形式；第二空为介词to的宾语，应用动名词形式，且动名词前有形容词性物主代词his修饰。故填D。16.Iregret________youthatyourapplicationhasbeenunsuccessful.trulyregret________anyinconveniencethismayhavecaused.A.toinform;causingB.informing;tocauseC.toinform;tocauseD.informing;causing【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未获成功。对于由此可能给您带来的任何不便，我们深表歉意。第一空，regrettodosth.是即将告知的事情，所以空处需填动词不定式toinformregretdoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“后悔causing作宾语。故选A。17.alltheassignment________fortheweek,shebreathedasighofreliefandcrackedasmile,________arelaxingweekend.A.pleted;picturedB.pleting;picturingC.pleted;picturingD.pleting;pictured【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：完成了这周的所有任务，她松了一口气，露出了笑容，想象着一个轻松with+宾语+alltheassignment和plete一空用过去分词pleted作宾补；第二空是非谓语动词作状语，she和动词picture“想象”之间是主动关系，所以第二空用现在分词picturing表主动。故选C。18.While________,ladiessometimescan’thelp________intobuyingmoreclothesthannecessary.A.shopping;persuadingB.shopping;beingpersuadedC.theyshop;tobepersuadedD.theyshop;persuaded【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在购物的时候，女士们有时会情不自禁地被说服买一些不必要的衣服。第5页/共29页本句是while引导的时间状语从句，从句用现在进行时，完整句子为“whiletheyareshopping”，当从句主bebepersuade和主语ladiescan’thelpdoingsth.意为“忍不住/禁不住做某事”。故选B项。19.observedthesuspect________thebuildingquickly.Later,hewasobserved________bythebackdoor.A.enter;toleaveB.entering;leavingC.toenter;leavingD.hadentered;toleave【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们看到那名嫌疑人迅速进入了大楼。随后，又看到他从后门离开了。第一空observesb.dosth.表“观察到某人做某事的全过程”；第二空为被动语态，do还原为todo，为beobservedtodo，故用toleave。故选A。20.________hispastperformance,heisaplayerworth________intheupingtournament.A.Judgedfrom;beingwatchedB.Judgingfrom;towatchC.Judgingfrom;watchingD.Judgedfrom;tobewatched【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从他过去的表现来看，在即将到来的锦标赛中，他是一个值得关注的球员。Judgingfrom为固定独立结构，不随主语变化，在句中作状语；beworthdoing表示“值得做某事”，用主动形式表被动。故选C。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AiPhoneSEAbigstepforsmall.toiPhoneSE,themostpowerful4inchphoneever.createit,westartedabeloveddesign,thenreinventeditfromtheinsideout.TheiPhone6sis158.2mminheightand77.9mminwidth.TheiPhone6sfeaturesanA9chip,3Dultrafastadvancedwireless,ID,a12MPiSightcamera,andiOS9.ThecapacityforiPhone6sranges第6页/共29页from16GB,64GBto128GB.TheiPhoneSEis138.1mminheightand58.6mminwidth.TheiPhoneSEfeaturesanA9chip,ID,ultrafastwireless,an8MPiSightcamera,andiOS9.ThecapacityforiPhoneSErangesfrom16GBto64GB.Advancedsecurity.IDmakesunlockingyouriPhoneSEsimpleandsecure.Afterall,yourfingerprintistheperfectpassword—notwoarealike,andyoualwayshaveitwithyou.IDisn’tjustforunlockingyourphone.ItalsoletsyouuseApplePayatovertwomillionstoresandwithinapps.9Hardwareandsoftwarearemadeforeachother.iOS9isthemostadvancedmobileoperatingsystemandthefoundationofiPhoneSE.It’sdesignedtolookbeautifulandworkbeautifullyonyouriPhonesoeventhesimplesttasksaremorefun.Helpyoudomoreeveryday.iPhoneeswithacollectionofessentialappsrightoutofthebox.Messagesletsyousendtextswithphotos,videos,linksandmore.MusicmakesiteasytoaccesstheentireAppleMusiclibraryalongwithyourpersonalcollection.youcanmakevideocallsfromyouriPhonetosomeoneelse’siPhone,iPad,orMac.AndMapskeepsyouheadedintherightdirectionwithspokenturnbyturnnavigation,realtimeupdates,andahelpfulhttphttpWhatdoesiPhoneSEhaveinmonwithiPhone6s?A.3DB.Theheightandwidth.C.Thelargestcapacity.D.TheA9chip.22.Apartfromthebasicfunction,whatelseisthefunctionofID?A.UnlockyouriPhoneB.EnabletheuseofApplePayC.SecureyouriPhoneD.SimplifytheuseofyouriPhone23.WhatkindofAppscanusersmakevideocallstootherpeople’sAppleproducts?A.B.Messages.C.Music.D.Maps.【答案】21.D22.B23.A第7页/共29页【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了iPhoneSE的特点及功能等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据部分中“TheiPhone6sfeaturesanA9chip,3Dultrafastadvancedwireless,ID,a12MPiSightcamera,andiOS9.ThecapacityforiPhone6srangesfrom16GB,64GBto128GB.(iPhone6s搭载A9芯片、支持3D功能，配备超高速Advanced无线网络、ID指纹识别、1200万像素iSight摄像头，且预装iOS9操作系统。其存储容量可选16GB、64GB及128GB版本)”以及“TheiPhoneSEfeaturesanA9chip,ID,ultrafastwireless,an8MPiSightcamera,andiOS9.ThecapacityforiPhoneSErangesfrom16GBto64GB.(iPhoneSE搭载A9芯片、ID800万像iSightiOS9操作系统。其存储容量可选16GB及64GB版本)”可知，两款手机的共同点是都搭载了A9芯片。故选D。【22题详解】部分中“IDisn’tjustforunlockingyourphone.ItalsoletsyouuseApplePayatovertwomillionstoresandwithinID不仅可用于解锁手机，还能让你在超过两百万家门店及各类应用中使用ApplePay支付)”可知，除基础功能外，ID还能支持使用ApplePay。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据部分中“youcanmakevideocallsfromyouriPhonetosomeoneelse’siPhone,iPad,orMac.(通过，你可以用自己的iPhone与他人的iPhone、iPad或Mac进行视频通话)”可知，可实现与其他苹果设备的视频通话。故选A。BThereisaveryinstructiveincidentinvolvingthelifeofAlexandertheGreat,KingofGreece.Alexander,afterconqueringmanykingdoms,wasreturninghome.Ontheway,hefellill,andittookhimtohisdeathbed.deathstaringhiminhisface,Alexanderrealizedhisconquests,hisgreatarmy,hissharpswordandallhiswealthwereofnoconsequence.So,helayhelplesslywaitingtobreathehislast.Hecalledhisgeneralsandsaid,“Iwilldepartfromthisworldsoon,andIhavethreewishes.Pleasecarrythemoutwithoutfail.”“Myfirstdesireisthat,”saidAlexander,“myphysiciansalonemustcarrymy(棺材).”Afterapause,hecontinued,“Secondly,Idesirethatwhenmyisbeingcarriedtothegrave,thepathleadingtothegraveyardbestrewn(撒满)withgold,silverandpreciousstoneswhichIhavecollected.”TheKingcontinued,“Mythirdandlastwishisthatbothmyhandsshouldbekepthangingoutofmycoffin.”Alexander’sfavoritegeneralkissedhishandandpressedthemtohisheart.“Oh,King,weassureyouthatyourwisheswillallbefulfilled.Buttelluswhy第8页/共29页youmakesuchstrangewishes?”Alexandertookadeepbreathandsaid,“IwouldliketheworldtoknowofthethreelessonsIhavejustlearnt.Iwantmyphysicianstocarrymybecausepeopleshouldrealizethatnodoctorcanreallycureanybody.Theyarepowerlessandcannotsaveapersonfromtheclutchesofdeath.Soletpeoplenottakelifeforgranted.“Thesecondwishofstrewinggold,silverandotherrichesonthewaytothegraveyardistotellpeoplethatnotevenabitofgoldwillewithme.Ispentallmylifeearningrichesbutcannottakeanythingwithme.Letpeoplerealizethatitisjustawasteoftimetochasewealth.“AndaboutmythirdwishofhavingmyhandshangingoutoftheIwishpeopletoknowthatIcameemptyhandedintothisworldandemptyhandedoutofthisworld.”thesewords,theKingclosedhiseyes.Soonheletdeathconquerhimandbreathedhislast.24.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph1?A.Alexanderhadbeenconqueringmanykingdoms.B.Alexanderthoughtallhehadgainedwasmeaningless.C.Alexanderwantedtoleaveashecameemptyhanded.D.Alexanderassumedhisachievementsmostimportant.25.Theunderlinedword“clutches”inparagraph3means“________”.A.sentenceB.attentionC.controlD.shadow26.Theauthorintendsto________.AprovideuswiththestoryofAlexanderB.persuadepeopletorealizeAlexander’swordsC.stressthepowersofAlexandertheGreatD.introducereaderstotheinstructivelessonsofAlexander27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThreeofAlexanderB.TheGreedofAlexanderC.TheDeathofAlexanderD.TheLifeofAlexander【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，本文通过亚历山大去世前的三大愿望告诉读者：要珍惜生活，财富生不带来，死不带去。第9页/共29页【24题详解】deathstaringhiminhisface,Alexanderrealizedhisconquests,hisgreatarmy,hissharpswordandallhiswealthwereofnoconsequence.(面对死亡，亚历山大意识到他征服、他的大军、他的利剑和他所有的财富都无足轻重)”可知，亚历山大面对死亡时认为他所获得的一切都毫无意义，故选B。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前“nodoctorcanreallycureanybody.Theyarepowerless(没有医生能真正治愈任何人。他们无能为力)”可知，此处指“没有人可逃脱死亡的控制”，clutches意为“控制”，故选C。26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Soletpeoplenottakelifeforgranted.(所以让人们不要把生命视为理所当然)”、第四段中“Letpeoplerealizethatitisjustawasteoftimetochasewealth.(让人们意识到追逐财富只是浪费时间)”和最后一段中“AndaboutmythirdwishofhavingmyhandshangingoutoftheIwishpeopletoknowthatIcameemptyhandedintothisworldandemptyhandedoutofthisworld.(我的第三个愿望是双手伸出棺材外，我希望人们知道我空手来到这个世界，空手离开这个世界)”可知，文章通过亚历山大的三个愿望引出他的人生启示，核心目的是传递这些有教育意义的道理，故选D。【27题详解】ThereisaveryinstructiveincidentinvolvingthelifeofAlexandertheGreat,KingofGreece.(关于希腊国王亚历山大大帝的生活，有一个非常有启发性的事件)”可知，文章围绕亚历山大的三个愿望展开，传递人生感悟，三个愿望是核心线索，A项“亚历山大的三个愿望”为最佳标题，故选A。CTheideaofbeingabletowalkonwaterhaslonginterestedhumansgreatly.Sadly,biologicalfactspreventuseveracplishingsuchathingwithoutartificialaidwesimplyweightoomuch,andallourmasspushesdownthroughourrelativelysmallfeet,resultinginalotofpressurethatmakesussink.However,severaltypesofanimalscanwalkonwater.OneofthemostinterestingisthemonbasiliskBasilicusbasilicus,alizard(蜥蜴)nativetoCentralandSouthAmerica.Itcanrunacrosswaterforadistanceofseveralmeters,avoidinggettingwetbyrapidlyhittingthewater’ssurfacewithitsfeet.Thelizardwilltakeasmanyas20stepspersecondtokeepmovingforward.Forhumanstodothis,wedneedhugefeetthatwecouldbringuptoourearsinordertocreateadequatewhitting.’’Butfortunatelythereisanalternative:cornflour.Byaddingenoughofthismonthickeningagenttowater第10页/共29页(anditdoestakealot),youcancreatea“nonNewtonian”liquidthatdoesn’tbehavelikenormalwater.Now,ifthesurfaceofthewaterishithardenough,particles(粒子）inthewatergrouptogetherforamomenttomakethesurfacehard.Movequicklyenoughandputenoughforceintoeachstep,andyoureallycanwalkacrossthesurfaceofanadequatelythickLiquidofcornflour.Funthoughallthismaysound,it’sstillrathermessyandbetterreadaboutintheorythancarriedoutinpractice.Ifyoumustdoit,thenkeepthewaterwingshandyincaseyoustarttosinkandtakeashowerafterward!28.onwaterhasn’tbeearealitymainlybecausehumans______.A.arenotinterestedinitB.havebiologicallimitationsC.havenotinventedpropertoolsD.areafraidtomakeanattempt29.WhatdoweknowaboutBasilicusbasilicusfromthepassage?A.Itislightenoughtowalkonwater.B.Itshugefeetenableittostayabovewater.C.Itcanrunacrosswateratacertainspeed.D.Itsuniqueskinkeepsitfromgettingwetinwater.30.Whatisthefunctionofthecornflouraccordingtothepassage?A.createathickliquid.B.turnthewaterintosolid.C.helptheliquidbehavenormally.D.enablethewatertomoverapidly.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheideaofhumans’walkingonwater?A.Itisriskybutbeneficial.B.Itisinterestingandworthtrying.C.Itiscrazyandcannotbeeareality.D.Itisimpracticalthoughtheoreticallypossible.【答案】28.B29.C30.A31.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。人类有一个一直感兴趣但一直未能实现的愿望：水上行走。不能实现的原因是“生物性局限”。本文主要介绍了一种理论上可行实际上难以实现的人类水上行走的方法：借助玉米粉第11页/共29页（cornflour）增加水面浓度。【28题详解】细节理解题。从第一段Sadly,biologicalfactspreventuseveracplishingsuchathingwithoutartificialaid…可知，人类至今不能在水面行走是“生物”原因。选择B。【29题详解】细节理解题。从第二段Itcanrunacrosswaterforadistanceofseveralmeters,avoidinggettingwetbyrapidlyhittingthewater’ssurfacewithitsfeet.一句可知，这种蜥蜴能在水面行走是因为速度快（每秒钟达到20选择C。【30题详解】细节理解题。第三段thismonthickeningagent明确这是一种“常见的增稠剂”。选择A。【31题详解】推理判断题。从第二段itdoestakealot，最后一段it’sstillrathermessyandbetterreadaboutintheorythancarriedoutinpractice.等句推断，借助增稠剂实现人类在水面行走，理论上可行但真正实现很难做到。选择D项。【点睛】根据文章中提供的一些事实，再加上自己的常识，透过表面可以看到事物的本质，从而做出合理准确的判断。比如第小题，推断题。从第二段itdoestakealot，最后一段it’sstillrathermessyandbetterreadaboutintheorythancarriedoutinpractice.正实现很难做到。选择D项。DWhatkindofpeoplecanbeescientists?Whenagroupofresearchersposedthatquestiontoninthand10thgraders,almosteverystudentgavesuchresponsesas“Peoplewhoworkhard”or“Anyonewhoseemsinterestedinthefieldofscience.”Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas“I’mnotgoodatscience”and“EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.”It’seasyforthemtoseeascientist’sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.Butforhighschoolstudents,learningmoreaboutsomestrugglesofscientistscanhelpstudentsfeelmoremotivatedtolearnscience.ResearchersatCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofdesignedaninterventiontochangestudents’beliefsthatscientificachievementdependsonabilityratherthanbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowacplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallenges第12页/共29页intheirscientificDuringthestudy,thestudentsreadoneofthreetypesofstoriesaboutAlbertEinstein,MarieCurieandMichaelFaraday.Intellectual(智力)strugglestories:storiesabouthowscientists“struggledintellectually,”suchasmakingmistakeswhileaddressingascientificproblemandlearningfromthem.Lifestrugglestories:storiesabouthowscientistsstruggledintheirpersonallives,suchasnotgivingupinthefaceofpovertyorlackoffamilysupport.Achievementstories:storiesabouthowscientistsmadegreatdiscoveries,withoutanydiscussionofcoexistingchallenges.Researchersfoundthatstudentswhoheardeithertypeof“strugglestories”improvedtheirscienceperformanceafterintervention,paredtostudentsinthecontrolgroup.Thewasespeciallypronouncedforlowerperformingstudents,forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscienceclassperformancethanlowperformingstudentswhoreadachievementstories.Inaddition,studentswhoreadstrugglestoriesreportedfeelingmorepersonallyconnectedtothescientists.Byrecognizingascientist’sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoacplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.32.Whydostudentsfailtoimaginethemselvesasscientists?A.Theylackinterestinscience.B.TheyareshortofconfidenceC.Theydon’thaveinborntalent.D.Theyhavenoabilitytostudyscience33.What’sthepurposeoftheintervention?A.introducesomeinspirationalstoriestostudents.B.exposestudentstoscientists’greatachievements.C.ensurestudentswillbeescientistsinthefuture.D.clearstudents’misunderstandingsofscientificwork.34.Theunderlinedword“pronounced”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A.minimalB.noticeableC.doubtfulD.longlasting35.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Scienceabilityhasnothingtodowithefforts.B.Studentsaremoremotivatedbyachievementstories.C.Scientists’strugglestoriescaninfluencereaders’beliefs.D.Lowperformingstudentstendtofeelconnectedtoscientists.【答案】32.B33.D34.B35.C第13页/共29页【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员向九年级和十年级的学生提出“什么样的人可以成为科学家”这个问题时，几乎每个学生的回答都是“努力学习的人”或“对科学领域感兴趣的人”。为了解除这种误解，研究人员设计了一项干预，即了解更多关于科学家的奋斗可以帮助学生更有动力学习科学，结果发现，听过任何一种“奋斗故事”的学生在干预后的科学表现都有所提高。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas‘I’mnotgoodatscience’and‘EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.’It’seasyforthemtoseeascientist’sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.(同样是这些学生中的许多人都很难将自己想象成科学家，理由是“我不擅长科学”和“即使我努力工作，也不会做得很好”。他们很容易将科学家的工作视为天生的才能。)这样的理由可以看作为他们缺乏自信，从而很难将自己想象成科学家。故选B项。【33题详解】ResearchersatCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofdesignedaninterventiontochangestudents’beliefsthatscientificachievementreflectsabilityratherthanbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowacplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.(教师学院、哥伦比亚大学和华盛顿大学的研究人员设计了一种干预措施，让学生了解有成就的科学家在科学努力中如何努力和克服挑战的故事，从而改变学生们认为科学成就反映的是能力而不是努力的观念。)”可知，这项干预通过让学生们了解科学家们是如何努力奋斗克服挑战的，以澄清学生对科学工作的误解。故选D项。【34题详解】词义猜测题。分析可知，非限制性定语从句“forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscienceclassperformancethanlowperformingstudentswhoreadachievementstories.(事比阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课上表现更好)”的先行词为“lowerperformingstudents(成绩差的学生)”，因此可知，在“干预”后，接触奋斗故事的成绩差的学生和阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课上都有了好的表现，且二者之间通过对比出现了“更好”，由此可推知，干预对于成绩差的学生效果显Thewasespeciallypronouncedpronounced”应是“明显的，显著的”含义，与选项B“noticeable(显而易见的)”含义相同。故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容“Byrecognizingascientist’sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsethe第14页/共29页orsheappliedtoacplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.(通过认识科学家的奋斗，并介绍他或她在完成伟大工作时所运用的成长心态，学生们能够在科学家的奋斗过程中感同身受。)”可知，通过了解一个科学家的奋斗史，学生们使得自己在奋斗过程中能够产生与科学家的共鸣，从而能够改变之前的对于科学家工作的误解。由此可推知，科学家的奋斗故事可以影响读者的信念。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Beinginnatureforkidshastremendoushealthbenefits.Therearemanywaysyoucanincorporatenatureintoyourchildren’slives,evenifyouliveinthecity.Inspirecuriositybybeingcuriousyourself.Aparent’sexcitementcanbespreadtothechildren,andwhenyoushowrespectfornature,yourchildrenfollowsuit.____36____“Idon’tknow!Let’sfindouttogether.”isawonderfulwaytogettheballrolling.Beopentoamutualadventureandallowyourcuriousinnerchildtoeoutwhileyouexplorenaturewithyourchildren.Limitelectronicdeviceswhiledriving.Ifyouhavetocarpool(拼车)inthemorning,turnthedevicesinsteadandencourageyourchildrentolookoutofthe____37____Afterall,evenviewsofnaturefromthecarwindowarecalmingandbeneficial.____38____.innatureisanessentialinvestmentinyourchildren’shealthandwellbeing.Ifyouviewnaturetimeasessentialtogoodhealth,youwillbemorelikelytoengageinit.Ifyouwanttoraiseyourhealthyandwellbalancedchildren,cultivatingcreativityandwonderispartofyourresponsibilityasparents.Lookatthestars.yourlocalobservatory,andthendriveoutofthecitysomemorningoreveningforyourownstargazing(天体观察)withablanketandtelescope.Observingthestarsadeeperandwiderunderstandingoftheuniverse.____39____Plantasmallgarden.____40____Beanandpeaplantsgrowquicklyandcanbeeatenwhenmature,soteachyourchildrenaboutfoodandthewonderofgrowth.A.Allowyourchildrentoaskquestions.B.Stopthinkingaboutnaturetimeasleisuretime.C.Encouragequestionsyoudon’tknowtheanswersto.D.Ifyouhavethespace,helpyourchildrenplantafewvegetables.E.Ifyourchildisinterested,encouragehimtogetinvolvedinthegarden.第15页/共29页F.Theearlymorningfallskiesarebeautifulwithcolorandmigratingbirds.G.Allowyourselftothinkaboutit,andtalktoyourchildrenaboutthatwonder.【答案】36.C37.F38.B39.G40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了让孩子亲近自然的几种方法。【36题详解】上文“Inspirecuriositybybeingcuriousyourself.Aparent’sexcitementcanbespreadtothechildren,andwhenyoushowrespectfornature,yourchildrenfollowsuit.(用自己的好奇心去激发孩子的好奇心。父母的兴奋可以传递给孩子，当你对自然表现出尊重时，你的孩子也会效仿)”说明父母的行为会感染孩子，父母应将好奇心传递给孩子，C题，给出具体做法，符合语境，后文“Idon’tknow!Let’sfindouttogether(我不知道！让我们一起找出答案)”以具体事例说明如何鼓励孩子提问，一起去探索。故选C。【37题详解】上文“Ifyouhavetocarpool(拼车)inthemorning,turnthedevicesinsteadandencourageyourchildrentolookoutofthe如果你早上必须拼车，那就关掉电子设备，鼓励孩子往窗外看)”说明父母应该鼓励孩子往窗外看，空处和前文为顺接关系，说明孩子往窗外看会看到什么。所以F项“清晨秋天的天空色彩viewsofnaturefromthecarwindow”。故选F。【38题详解】下文“innatureisanessentialinvestmentinyourchildren’shealthandwellbeing.Ifyouviewnaturetimeasessentialtogoodhealth,youwillbemorelikelytoengageinit.(在自然中度过的时间是对孩子健康和福祉的重要投资。如果你认为亲近自然的时间对健康至关重要，你就更有可能参与其中)”可知，本段主要讲述亲近自然的时间很重要。空处为段落主旨句，需概括该段核心观点，与后文为顺接关系。所以B项“不要把亲essentialinvestment”与“leisuretime的重要性。故选B。【39题详解】上文“Observingthestarsadeeperandwiderunderstandingoftheuniverse.(观察星星可以让我们对宇宙有更深入、更广泛的理解)”说明观察星星的好处，空处和前文为顺接关系，说明观察星星时父母应该怎么做。所以Gthatwonder”指代前文“understandingoftheuniverse”带来的奇妙感受。故选G。第16页/共29页【40题详解】上文“Plantasmallgarden.(种植一个小花园)”说明父母应该鼓励孩子种植一个小花园，空处和前文为顺接D“vegetables”与后文“Beanandpeaplants”相呼应，给出种植花园的具体建议。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分分）第一节完形填空（共小题；每小题1分，满分分）C和D佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。EachyeartheheadmasteroftheschoolwhereIworkasksustoreadabookchosenbyhim.Thebookprovidesaframeworkforworkwewilldothroughouttheschoolyear,whichcan____41____betterservicetoourstudents.Thisyear’sbookisTheElement:HowFindingYourPassionChangesEverythingbyKenRobinson.Robinsonusestheterm“theElement”to____42____theplacewherethethingswelovetodoandthethingswearegoodatetogether.Hegoesontosaythathefeelsitis____43____foreachofustofindourElement,notjustforourown____44____,butfortheimprovementofourmunities.HoweasyisittolookatthosewhoseemtohavefoundtheirElement?Theyaregreatatwhattheydo,andwe____45____theylovetodoitbecausetheydowhattheydosowell.Butwhatisimportanttonote,Robinsonsays,isthateachofushastheabilitytofindtheElement.In____46____settings,thereisantohelpstudentsuncoverwhat____47____theyhavebeengiven.Thegoalthenistohelpthemdiscoverthesetalentsthroughexperienceandeducation.Anyway,thisisonlyonepieceofthepuzzle.Anotherpieceisfindingwhereaperson’stalentandtheloveof____48____thattalentintersect(相交).Ilikethisbookverymuchsinceit____49____myownlife:howIparentmykid,howIteach,andhowI_____50_____supporttothestudentsIworkwith,_____51_____oringroups.Iappreciatethe_____52_____ofthisbookasithelpstoframegrowthpotentialwithinmunitiesandindividuals.Realizingourgiventalentandproperlypracticingthattalentare_____53_____anddependoneachotherforexistence.Theperfectbinationofthemcanbenefitnotjustourselves,butour_____54_____,munitiesandthewholeworldwehumanslivein.Asateacher,Iamreallylookingforwardto_____55_____mypart.41.A.raiseB.spareC.D.supply42.A.simplifyB.describeC.beautifyD.explore43.A.essentialB.convenientC.reasonableD.natural44.A.applicationB.environmentC.contributionD.development第17页/共29页45.A.denyB.assumeC.doubtD.explore46.A.politicalB.academicC.mercialD.geographical47.A.experiencesB.privilegesC.giftsD.options48.A.exercisingB.acceptingC.diversi