湖南省郴州市高三上学期第一次教学质量监测英语试题

科目：英语（试题卷）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。4．考试时间为120分钟，满分为150分。5．本试题卷共13页。如缺页，考生须声明，否则后果自负。姓名______准考证号______郴州市2026届高三第一次教学质量监测试卷英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.18.C．£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Ateacher. B.Astudent. C.Ascientist.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Aren’tyousupposedtohaveasciencetestthisafternoon?W:Itwasputofftillnextweekbecausetheteacherhadtoattendameeting.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Workingout. B.Takingashower. C.Makingbreakfast.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:You’reallsweaty.Freshenup—it’salmosttimeforbreakfast.M:Sure,justletmefinish20morepushups.ThenI’lltakeashower.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Atamall. C.Atadrycleaner’s.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Where’smyblacksuit?I’velookedthroughthewholewardrobe.W:Itookittothedrycleaner’s.Speakingofwhich,youonlyhaveonesuit.Weshouldgotothemallandgetyouanotherone.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanplainabout?A.Theovercharge. B.Thebadservice. C.Thesaltyfood.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Doyougivesaltawayforfreeorsomething?Itfeltlikeeverydishwasoverloadedwithit.W:I’mreallysorryaboutthat.Howaboutwegiveyou10%offyourmealtoday?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidthewomanprobablyaskthemantodo?A.Signarecord. B.Prepareapresent. C.Throwaparty.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Jerry,youdidn’tforgetwhatIaskedyoufor,didyou?M:Don’tworry.IalreadygotthesignedElvis’srecord.I’msureit’llbethebestgiftCatherinegetsatherbirthdayparty.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Fatheranddaughter.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anoutdooractivity. B.Amemorizationtrick. C.Achildhoodexperience.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Liz,it’salmostbedtime.Gobrushyourteeth.and...notyet!Istillhaven’tmemorizedthepoemMrs.Greengaveus.“Tworoadsdivergedinayellowwood,and...”Uh,Ikeepforgettingwhatesnext.M:Youknow,whenIwasyourage,IusedtoturnthingsIhadtomemorizeintopicturesinmyhead.W:Didthatwork?you...olutely!Likewiththisone—now,imaginetherearetworoadsrightinfrontofyou...听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhydidthewomanstopreadingRobinsonCrusoe?A.Shewasbusy. B.Shegotboredofit. C.Shefounditdifficult.9.WhatleveldidTomchoose?A.Level1. B.Level2. C.Level3.10.Whatwillthewomando?A.Buyabook. B.Finishherbookquickly. C.BorrowTom’sbooklater.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoudoing,Tom?M:I’mreadingthebookRobinsonCrusoe.W:Itriedtoreadthebookearlierthisyear.Buttherewerejusttoomanynewwordsforme.Ihadtogiveupafterreadingforabouttenminutes.M:Butthisbookiseasyforme.Therewerethreelevelstochoosefromatthebookstore.W:Really?M:Yes.Level1,writteninthepresenttense.Level2,usingthepasttense,andLevel3,beingthemostchallenging,employsmoreplexgrammarandvocabulary.Ichosetheeasiestlevel.W:ThenI’llalsogivethebookinthislevelatry.I’llgoandbuyacopythisweekend.M:It’sunnecessary.YoucanreadmineafterIfinishit.Youonlyneedtowaitforafewdays.W:That’sgreat!Thankyou,Tom.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.WhatwasLeo’sparents’attitudetowardhisdecisionatfirst?A.Disapproving. B.Ambiguous. C.Understanding.12.WhatdidLeodolastyear?A.Hesurvivedasandstorm.B.Heattendedarealityshow.C.Hebuiltadeserthomebase.13.WhatisLeo’ssuggestiontoyoungpeople?A.Beingdifferent. B.Makingamove. C.Thinkingcarefully.【答案】11.A12.B13.B【解析】【原文】W:Leo,whendidyoureturntoyourhometowntostartyourtreeplantingproject?M:Fouryearsago.IhadjustgraduatedfromcollegeandworkedforayearbeforeIquitmyjobandcameback.W:Wereyourparentssupportive?M:Theyarenow,butbackthen,theywereprettyangry,sayingIhadn’tthoughtitthrough.W:Thejourneymusthavebeentough.M:Youbet—nomoney,terribleworkingconditions.Iremembertwoyearsago,onlyafewofmy500treesaplingssurvivedafterasandstorm.Butanyway,I’mgladIdidn’tgiveup.W:Youtookpartinarealityshowlastyear—BeeaFarmer,right?It’sgoneviralonline.M:Yeah.Afteritaired,lotsofpeoplereachedouttome.Ievenbuiltadeserthomebaseforvolunteersthisyear.W:Manyyoungpeopleareconsideringunconventionalcareersthesedays.Whatwouldyouliketosaytothem?M:Thinkingonlycreatesproblems,butdoingbringsanswers.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhenwastheKingdomofHungaryestablished?A.In1000. B.In996. C.In992.15.Whatdidthestafffirstnoticeabouttheproblem?A.Holesinthebookspines.B.Strangedustontheshelves.C.Fallenpagesfromthebooks.16.Whatarethestaffinvolvedinnow?A.Killingthebeetlesonthebooks.B.Puttingthebooksoutinthesun.C.Removingaffectedbooksfromtheshelves.17.Howwilltheworkerstreattheaffectedbooks?A.Toexposethemtosunlight.B.Touseinsectkillingchemicals.C.Tostoretheminoxygenfreebags.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.C【解析】【原文】M:Lily,rememberthatoldlibrarywevisitedinHungarylastyear?W:TheoneinthetownofPannonhalma?HowcanIforget?Thetourguidesaiditwasfoundedin996,evenfouryearsbeforetheestablishmentoftheKingdomofHungary.Whydoyouask?M:Thenewssaidit’scurrentlybeinginvadedbyakindofinsectcalledthedrugstorebeetle.Theproblemwasdiscoveredduringaroutinecleaning.Atfirst,staffnoticedunusuallayersofdustontheshelves.Uponcloserinspection,theyfoundholesinsomeofthebookspines.Whentheyopenedthebooks,theysawtunnelschewedthroughthepages,andsomepageshadalreadyloosenedandfallenout.W:That’sterrible!M:Yeah.About100,000ofthelibrary’stotal400,000bookshavebeenaffected.Rightnow,workersaretakingthoseaffectedbooksawayfromtheshelvestobegintreatment.W:Whataretheygoingtodo?Putthemoutinthesun?M:Thatwoulddamagethoseoldbooks.Thebookswillbesealedinplasticbagswithalloxygenremovedforsixweeks.Thatshouldkillallthebeetles.W:Ihopeitallgoeswell.Thosebooksarerealtreasuresofhistoryandculture.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhenwillLilo&Stitchstopshowing?A.ThisTuesday. B.ThisThursday. C.ThisFriday.19.WhattypeofmovieisBringHerBack?A.Athriller. B.Aedy. C.Ananimation.20.WhoplaysinTheFantasticFour:FirstSteps?A.JuliaGarner. B.MaiaKealoha. C.SallyHawkins.【答案】18.B19.A20.A【解析】【原文】Wanttobeatthesummerheat?AtYesterday’sStars,wehaveexcitingstories,tastypopcorn,andthecoolestairconditioningintown!Ifyouwanttowatchsomethingfunnywithyourkids,don’tmissLilo&Stitch!Thisliveactionadaptationofthebeloved2002animationfollowstheheartwarmingadventuresofalonelyHawaiiangirl,Lilo,playedbyMaiaKealoha,andanaliencreaturenamedStitch.OriginallyscheduledtoleavethetheateronTuesday,thefilm’srunhasnowbeenextendedthroughthisThursday.Lookingforwardtosomethingscarytoshakeoffasleepysummerafternoon?BringHerBack,starringSallyHawkins,deliversjusttherightchill.Thefilmtellsanunsettlingstoryofabrotherandsisterfacingterrifyingeventsattheremotehomeoftheirnewfostermother.ThisFriday,don’tmissthebigsummerhit—TheFantasticFour:FirstSteps.Setinafascinating1960sstylefuture,thefilmintroducesamysteriousvillain—SilverSurfer,playedbyJuliaGarner—whoarrivesonEarthwithashockingmessage:theplanetisonthebrinkofdestruction...ecooloffatYesterday’sStars—whereyoursummerstorybegins!第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANewEnglandTreehouses:Fall’sNatureretreatNewEngland’sfalltreehousesmixnaturalbeautywithfort,offeringfrontrowseatstored,yellow,andorangefoliage—adelightevenbeyondsippinghotapplecideronaninnporch.Airbnblists270,000globaltreehouses,butNorthAmericaleads:20222024bookingsrose65%.JamesRoth,a25yeartreehousedesigner,notes80%ofclientsbuildforrentals:“Escapingphoneaddiction—findingdisconnectionfromscreens—attractspeoplemost.”Itshardwoodsprovidesolidbasesandvibrantautumnhues,makingitatopspot.Winvian,Litchfield,ConnecticutWinvian’stwostorytreehouseperches35feetup,nestedinbeechandmapletrees.The113acreestatebordersahistoricwildlifesanctuary.Inside,jettedtubsandgasfireplacesaddluxury;guestsbiketothemainhouseforchefChrisEddy’sfoliagethemedmealsortothespaformassages.MinkCove,Wareham,MassachusettsTuckedinanAtlanticinlet,MinkCovebeganasasketchbyButchRipleyandhis8yearolddaughter,thenbuiltfromsalvagedwood.Cozywithtwinklelights,ithasaprivateoutdoorshowerandoceanscents—allsurroundedbyfall’sredandblackoaks.TwinFarm,Barnard,VermontNearSilverLakeandahistoricstore,TwinFarm’streehousesfollow“blendwithnature”logic.Guestsenteratgroundleveltoreach20footdecks.Postsunset,agasfireplacewarms;byday,peoplecanhiketoDoug’sTreehouseFollyforapicnicamidVermont’sfallcolors.TiffanyHillTreehouse,Sunapee,NewHampshireA5minutedrivefromMountSunapeePark,thistwobedroomtreehouseleansonastrongoak.Ithasradiantheat,apropanefireplace,akitchen,andaporchpulleyforgroceries—idealforfamilies.Fallsurroundsitwithyellowandorangeconifers,oaks,andbirches.EachtreehouseturnsNewEngland’sfallintoanunforgettablestay,mergingautumn’smagicwithjustenoughfort.21.WhatmainlydrawspeopletoNewEngland’streehousesaccordingtoJamesRoth?A.Watchingfallfoliage. B.Sippinghotcider.C.Enjoyingfortablefacilities. D.Stayingawayfromscreens.22.WhatdoWinvianandTwinFarmshaveinmon?A.Theybothofferexperienceofcycling. B.Theybothprovideaccesstospaservices.C.Theybothhavegasfireplacesforwarmth. D.Theybothfeatureprivateoutdoorshowers.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anoutdoorlifestyleblog. B.Atravelmagazinearticle.C.AnAirbnbrentalpromotion. D.Alocalbusinessadvertisement.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍新英格兰地区不同的树屋，及其特色与受欢迎原因。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“JamesRoth,a25yeartreehousedesigner,notes80%ofclientsbuildforrentals:“Escapingphoneaddiction—findingdisconnectionfromscreens—attractspeoplemost.”(有着25年树屋设计经验的詹姆斯·罗斯指出，80%的客户建造树屋是为了出租：“摆脱手机成瘾——远离屏幕——最能吸引人。”)”可知，据JamesRoth所说，主要是远离屏幕吸引了人们来到新英格兰的树屋。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Winvian,Litchfield,Connecticut部分中“Inside,jettedtubsandgasfireplacesaddluxury;guestsbiketothemainhouseforchefChrisEddy’sfoliagethemedmealsortothespaformassages.(室内设有按摩浴缸和燃气壁炉，尽显奢华；客人可以骑自行车前往主屋，品尝主厨克里斯·埃迪以秋叶为主题的佳肴，或前往水疗中心享受按摩服务。)”以及TwinFarm,Barnard,Vermont部分中“Postsunset,agasfireplacewarms;byday,peoplecanhiketoDoug’sTreehouseFollyforapicnicamidVermont’sfallcolors.(日落后，燃气壁炉带来温暖；白天，人们可以徒步前往道格的树屋奇观，在佛蒙特州的秋色中野餐。)”可知，Winvian和TwinFarm的共同点是都有燃气壁炉来取暖。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章标题“NewEnglandTreehouses:Fall’sNatureretreat(新英格兰树屋：秋季的自然度假胜地)”可知，文章主要介绍了新英格兰地区几家适合秋季入住的树屋民宿，包括其特色和周边环境等，由此可推知，文章可能出自一篇旅游杂志文章。故选B。BBorninXi’an,theeasternstartingpointoftheancientSilkRoad,XuWenneverimaginedthatacasualvisittoanEnglishantiqueshopwouldtiehertotheroute’swesternend.Twodecadesago,sheandherBritishhusband,AlastairBlackburn,wereimmediatelycaptivatedbythreesmall,vividlycolored,finelydetailedpaintings.Uponcloseexamination,thecouplefoundtheyweren’tjustordinarywatercolors,asthepaperwasunique,andthepigments(颜料)seemedmineralbased.Theyboughttheworksonthespot.Thesepiecesmarkedthecouple’sfirstencounterwithTongcaopainting,orpithpainting,whichservedasawindowto19thcenturyChina,anerawithoutcameras.Tongcaopaintingsarecreatedondriedpithfromaricepaperplant,whosehoneybedtexturedifferssharplyfromfibrousordinarypaper.Thisuniquematerialpreventswatercolorsfromsinkingin;instead,thepaintsitsontop,creatingasubtlethreedimensionaleffectthatmodernreproductionsstruggletomatch.Xulaterexplainedthattheseartworkswerelike“Easternpostcards”madebyGuangzhouartisans.WhenGuangzhouwasChina’sonlyportopentoWesterntrade,paintersadaptedWesternstylestodepictdailylife,festivals,andcustomsforcuriousWesternmerchants.Fascinatedbythisforgottenchapterofcrossculturalexchange,thecouplespent20yearscollectingTongcaopaintings.Theysearchedantiqueshops,auctions,andprivatecollectionsacrossEurope,eventuallyamassingover2,000piecesdepicting19thcenturyChineselifeandcustoms.Theirpassionledthemtobuildamuseumin2023,whichwasopenedinarenovatedhistoricalbuildinginMacclesfield—Blackburn’shometown,longrecognizedastheSilkRoad’swesternterminus.“ThismuseumbridgesthetwoendsoftheSilkRoad,”Xusaid.ManyChinesevisitorshaveeandappreciatedinpersonthetown’slonghistorywithChinathroughthemuseumandthewaylocalshopsandculturalcenterscelebratedtheirtiestotheSilkRoad,Blackburnobserved.Tofurtherpromotethisheritage,thecouplefoundedtheSilkRoadFoundationin2023andinvitedstudentstocopyTongcaoworks.XualsocollaboratedwithschoolsinXi’an,hopingtopassonthisintangibleculture.“Thesepaintingsarelivinghistory,”shesaid,“WemustmakesuretheykeeptellingtheirstoriesofEastWestconnection.”24.WhatmadeTongcaopaintingsattractivetothecouple?A.Itsspecialpaper. B.Itslowprice. C.Itsinterestingcontents. D.Itsartisticform.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amassing”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Accumulating. B.Selling. C.Sorting. D.Donating.26.WhydidthecouplesetuptheSilkRoadFoundation?A.ToattractChinesetouriststoboostlocalculture.B.TopreservetherarematerialusedinTongcaoartwork.C.Tocarryforwardthelegacyofintangibleculturalheritage.D.TodisplaytheirextensivecollectionofTongcaopaintings.27.Whichsayingbestreflectsthemainideaofthepassage?A.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.B.EastmeetsWestandabridgeisbuilt.C.Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.D.Wedon’tinherittheearth,butborrowitfromourchildren.【答案】24.A25.A26.C27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了出生在西安的许雯和她的英国丈夫因一次偶然的机会接触到通草画，进而被吸引并花费20年时间收集此类画作，还建立博物馆、成立基金会来传承东西方文化交流遗产的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Tongcaopaintingsarecreatedondriedpithfromaricepaperplant,whosehoneybedtexturedifferssharplyfromfibrousordinarypaper.Thisuniquematerialpreventswatercolorsfromsinkingin;instead,thepaintsitsontop,creatingasubtlethreedimensionaleffectthatmodernreproductionsstruggletomatch.(通草画是用通草树的干通草髓创作的，其蜂窝状纹理与纤维状的普通纸有很大不同。这种独特的材料可以防止水彩渗入；相反，颜料停留在表面，产生一种微妙的三维效果，这是现代复制品难以企及的。)”可知，通草画的特殊纸张让这对夫妇觉得它很有吸引力。故选A。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Fascinatedbythisforgottenchapterofcrossculturalexchange,thecouplespent20yearscollectingTongcaopaintings.Theysearchedantiqueshops,auctions,andprivatecollectionsacrossEurope,eventuallyamassingover2,000piecesdepicting19thcenturyChineselifeandcustoms.(这对夫妇被这个被遗忘的跨文化交流篇章所吸引，花了20年时间收集通草画。他们在欧洲各地的古董店、拍卖会和私人收藏中搜寻，最终amassing了2000多件描绘19世纪中国生活和风俗的作品。)”可知，这对夫妇花了20年时间收集通草画，最终收集到了2000多件作品，由此可推知，amassing意为“积累，收集”，与accumulating意思相近。故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Tofurtherpromotethisheritage,thecouplefoundedtheSilkRoadFoundationin2023andinvitedstudentstocopyTongcaoworks.XualsocollaboratedwithschoolsinXi’an,hopingtopassonthisintangibleculture.(为了进一步推广这一遗产，这对夫妇在2023年成立了丝绸之路基金会，并邀请学生临摹通草画作品。徐雯还与西安的学校合作，希望将这种非物质文化遗产传承下去。)”可知，这对夫妇成立丝绸之路基金会是为了传承非物质文化遗产的遗产。故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段中““Thesepaintingsarelivinghistory,”shesaid,“WemustmakesuretheykeeptellingtheirstoriesofEastWestconnection.”(“这些画是活生生的历史，”她说，“我们必须确保它们继续讲述东西方联系的故事。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了许雯和她的英国丈夫因通草画与丝绸之路结缘，并致力于传承东西方文化交流遗产的故事，B选项“EastmeetsWestandabridgeisbuilt.(东西方相遇，架起了一座桥梁。)”最能概括文章主旨。故选B。CGlobally,14%ofnewcarssoldin2022wereelectric—upfrom9%in2021andjust5%in2020—andsalesrose25%inthefirstquarterof2023paredtothesameperiodtheyearbefore.Chinaleadswith60%ofglobalElectricVehicle(EV)sales,followedbyEuropeandtheU.S.NewermarketslikeIndiaandThailandarealsoseeinggrowth,andinNorwayover80%ofnewcarsareelectric,thoughtheU.S.onlyhit4.6%in2022(20%inCalifornia)withanalystspredicting45%inalittleoveradecade.EVshaveclearadvantages:theyrunwithoutgasolineorethanol,producingzerotailpipeemissions,andtheyarequiet,requiringlessmaintenancethangaspoweredvehicles.Somecanevensupplyelectricitytohomesinemergencies.FredLambert,leadwriterforEVnewssiteElectrek,adds,“they’resomuchmorefuntodrive,”alessobviousbutnotablebenefit.Amajorconcernforbuyersis“rangeanxiety”—fearofrunningoutofcharge—worsenedbyjustaround46,000U.S.chargingstations(vs.150,000gasstations)andsomeunreliablechargers.However,Teslaisopeningitsreliablesuperchargerstootherbrands,theBidenAdministrationisproviding$7.5billiontoexpandtheU.S.chargernetwork,andmanyEVsnowhavelongerranges(theLucidAirclaims500miles,withseveraloptionsover300miles);plus,theU.S.averagedailymuteisonly30miles.JimMotavalli,autocolumnistforBarron’s,adds,“whenpeoplebuyEVs,they’llfindthat85percentoftheirchargingisathomeanyway.You’renotactuallygoingtoneedorwanttousepublicchargersmostofthetime.”WhileEVshaveenvironmentalcostsfromemissionsofbatteryproduction,lithiumminingandtransportation,traditionalcarsreleasefarmoreemissionsgeneratedbyfuelconsumptionovertheirlifetimes.Solutionslikebetterminingtech,longerlastingbatteries,andgrowingbatteryrecyclingcanreducetheseissues.CriticsargueEVsdon’tsolvetoomanycarsorgridlock,butLambertsumsup:“Godriveone,dothemath,andletyourlogictakeover.Whenyoudo,you’llalwaysendupwithelectricvehicles—it’sthemorelogicalsolutioneverytime.”28.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Chinasellsoverhalfoftheworld’sEVs.B.Europeleadsinglobalelectricvehiclesales.C.TheU.S.hasmoreEVchargersthangasstations.D.Norwayhastheworld’shighestEVadoptionrate.29.Whatisasolutiontoease“rangeanxiety”forEVowners?A.ReducingEVbatterychargingcosts.B.Decreasingdailymutingdistances.C.Expandingunreliablechargingnetworks.D.Popularizingtheinstallationofhomechargers.30.WhatcanweinferabouttheenvironmentalimpactofEVs?A.LithiumminingissuesareunsolvableforEVs.B.EVsarepollutionfreeduetozerotailpipeemissions.C.BatteryproductionmakesEVsworsethangasolinecars.D.EVsbeatgasvehiclesonenvironmentalcostslongtermly.31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TopromoteEVsalesglobally.B.TopareEVsindifferentcountries.C.TojustifyEVsasalogicallybetterchoice.D.TodiscussEVs’advantagesovergasvehicles.【答案】28.A29.D30.D31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍2022年以来全球电动汽车的销售情况、优势，分析“里程焦虑”等问题及解决办法，还探讨其环境影响，最终论证电动汽车是更合理的选择。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Chinaleadswith60%ofglobalElectricVehicle(EV)sales,followedbyEuropeandtheU.S.(中国以全球60%的电动汽车销量领先，其次是欧洲和美国。)”可知，中国销售的电动汽车占全球销量的60%，即超过一半。故选A项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“JimMotavalli,autocolumnistforBarron’s,adds,“whenpeoplebuyEVs,they’llfindthat85percentoftheirchargingisathomeanyway.You’renotactuallygoingtoneedorwanttousepublicchargersmostofthetime.”(《巴伦周刊》的汽车专栏作家吉姆·莫塔瓦利补充道：“当人们购买电动汽车后，会发现85%的充电其实都是在家完成的。大多数时候，你实际上并不需要也不想使用公共充电桩。”)”可知，推广家用充电桩的安装，让车主主要在家充电，可缓解“里程焦虑”。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“WhileEVshaveenvironmentalcostsfromemissionsofbatteryproduction,lithiumminingandtransportation,traditionalcarsreleasefarmoreemissionsgeneratedbyfuelconsumptionovertheirlifetimes.(尽管电动汽车在电池生产、锂矿开采和运输过程中会产生环境成本，但传统汽车在其使用寿命内，因燃料消耗产生的排放量要多得多。)”可知，从长期来看，电动汽车在环境成本方面优于燃油汽车。故选D项。【31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Lambertsumsup:“Godriveone,dothemath,andletyourlogictakeover.Whenyoudo,you’llalwaysendupwithelectricvehicles—it’sthemorelogicalsolutioneverytime.”(兰伯特总结道：“去开一辆试试，算算账，让逻辑做主。当你这样做了，最终都会选择电动汽车——它每次都是更合理的解决方案。”)”可知，文章通过介绍电动汽车的销量、优势、问题及解决办法、环境影响，最终目的是论证电动汽车是更合理的选择。故选C项。DThissummerhasseentheshortestdaysinEarth’srecordedhistory.Scientistsbreakdownthereasonswhydaysaregettingshorter.OnJuly9,theplanetspun1.34millisecondsfasterthanthestandard24hourrotation(自转),accordingtotheInternationalEarthrotationandReferenceSystemsService(IERS).It’spredictedwe’llseetwomorehistoricallyshortdays—July22andAugust5.VariationsofEarth’srotationareduetoaplicatedmixoffactors,butscientistssayafewstandout.Themoon’sgravityactsdifferently:itslowsEarthslightlywhenneartheequatortwiceamonth,butspeedsitupwhenclosetothepoles.Additionally,summer’ssloweratmosphericspincausedbyjetstreamshiftsforcestheplanettoacceleratetomaintainconstantangularmomentum.Atomictimeisconstant,soEarth’svaryingspincreatesagapbetweenastronomicaltime(天文时间)andatomictime.Toletastronomicaltimecatchup,leapsecondshavebeenadded27timessince1972.NowthatEarthisspeedingup,timekeepersmayimplement(实施)afirstevernegativeleapsecondby2029toslowastronomicaltime.Leapsecondshavedisruptedputers,GPS,andtelemunications,mostnotablyin2012whenLinuxandothersystemshiccupedattheadjustment.Anunprecedentednegativeleapsecondcouldprovemoreproblematicsincesoftwaresystemsmayassumethattimealwaysmovesinthesamedirection.Studiessuggestthatfactorslikemeltingice,risingseas,anddepletedgroundwaterarechangingEarth’smassandslowingitsspin.“Ouranalysisshowsthatinthepastcentury,modernclimatechangealonehascontributedtolengthofdaybyabout0.6to0.7milliseconds,andthatratewilllikelydoubleinthiscentury,”saysscientistSurendraAdhikari.SuchaslowdowncouldbeatoddswiththefactorsrecentlyworkingtospeedEarth’sspin,highlightingtheplexityoftheplanet’srotation.AstronomerStamatakosstressesthatwhilewe’veseenEarth’sspinvaryforcenturiestheplicatedinterplayofitsdifferentcausesstillpresentsachallengeforscientists—especiallywhenlookingforward.“Accuratepredictionsoflengthofdaybeyondasixmonthtimeframearenotpossible,”hewarns,“duetotheinpleteunderstandingofallthesegeodeticphenomena.”32.WhichofthefollowingisacauseofEarth’sfasterrotation?AClimatechange. B.Themoon’sgravitynearpoles.C.Risingsealevels. D.Fasteratmosphericmovement.33.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutleapseconds?A.Theywillbeabolishedby2029. B.Theymaybeadjustednegatively.C.Theyhavenevercausedproblems. D.TheyresultfromtheEarth’sfasterrotation.34.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Earth’sspinisstraightforwardtounderstand.B.Scientistshaveoverestimatedtheplexity.C.Theaccuratelengthofadayisunpredictable.D.Muchremainstobeexploredaboutthemystery.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ChangingDayLengths:CausesofEarth’sSpinShiftsB.SlowerEarthRotation:ImpactsonGlobalTimekeepingC.ShorterEarthDays:TheingNegativeLeapSecondD.Earth’sRotation:AHistoryofLeapSecondAdjustments【答案】32.B33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍今年夏天出现了地球有记录以来最短的日长，分析地球自转加快的原因、对时间计量的影响，并指出地球自转变化的复杂性仍有待探索。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Themoon’sgravityactsdifferently:itslowsEarthslightlywhenneartheequatortwiceamonth,butspeedsitupwhenclosetothepoles.(月球引力的作用方式不同：每月有两次靠近赤道时，会轻微减慢地球自转速度，但靠近两极时，会加快地球自转速度)可知，月球在两极附近的引力是地球自转加快的原因之一。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“NowthatEarthisspeedingup,timekeepersmayimplementafirstevernegativeleapsecondby2029toslowastronomicaltime.(由于地球现在自转加快，计时人员可能在2029年前实施史上首次负闰秒，以减慢天文时间)”可知，作者暗示闰秒可能会进行负向调整。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“AstronomerStamatakosstressesthatwhilewe’veseenEarth’sspinvaryforcenturies,theplicatedinterplayofitsdifferentcausesstillpresentsachallengeforscientists—especiallywhenlookingforward.“Accuratepredictionsoflengthofdaybeyondasixmonthtimeframearenotpossible,”hewarns,“duetotheinpleteunderstandingofallthesegeodeticphenomena.”（天文学家Stamatakos强调，虽然我们已经看到地球自转变化了几个世纪，但不同原因之间复杂的相互作用仍然给科学家们带来了挑战——尤其是在展望未来的时候。他警告说：“由于对所有这些大地测量现象的理解不完全，对6个月以后的日长的准确预测是不可能的。”)”可知，作者想传达地球自转变化的奥秘仍有许多待探索之处。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“ThissummerhasseentheshortestdaysinEarth’srecordedhistory.Scientistsbreakdownthereasonswhydaysaregettingshorter.OnJuly9,theplanetspun1.34millisecondsfasterthanthestandard24hourrotation(自转),accordingtotheInternationalEarthrotationandReferenceSystemsService(IERS).It’spredictedwe’llseetwomorehistoricallyshortdays—July22andAugust5.(今年夏天是地球有记录以来白天最短的一年。科学家们分析了白天变短的原因。根据国际地球自转和参考系统服务（IERS）的数据，7月9日，地球的自转速度比标准的24小时自转快1.34毫秒。据预测，7月22日和8月5日，我们还会看到两个历史性的短日)”以及第三段中“NowthatEarthisspeedingup,timekeepersmayimplementafirstevernegativeleapsecondby2029toslowastronomicaltime.(由于地球现在自转加快，计时人员可能在2029年前实施史上首次负闰秒，以减慢天文时间)”可知，文章主要介绍今年夏天出现地球有记录以来最短白天的现象，分析地球自转加快的原因、对时间计量的影响，并指出地球自转变化的复杂性仍有待探索。因此C项“缩短地球日：即将到来的负闰秒”可作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Intoday’sdigitalera,weareconstantlysurroundedbynews,bothpositiveandnegative.Whilestayinginformediscrucial,thecontinuousfloodofheadlines,especiallysomethingdistressing,cansometimesbeoverwhelming.___36___Thus,findingabalancebetweenstayinginformedandmaintainingmentalwellbeingisessentialforahealthyrelationshipwithnews.Newsfatigueariseswhenindividualsfeelemotionallydrainedfromconsumingexcessiveinformation,particularlynegativereports.___37___Thesemayincludeincrea