TDA诊断性测试 标准学术能力诊断性测试2025年12月测试英语试卷

标准学术能力诊断性测试2025年12月测试英语试卷本试卷共150分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AKnownforitsrainyweatherandasthebirthplaceofStarbucks,Seattleoffersfarmorethanthesewell-wornreputations.ThefollowingexperienceswillinviteyoutouncoverwhattrulydefinesSeattle.ShopatPikePlaceMarketSince1907,theflyingfishandstreetperformershaveinjectedPikePlaceMarketwithanenergeticatmospherethatrepresentsSeattle’scommunityspirit.You’llbrushshoulderswithchefspickingupseafoodfortheirrestaurants’dinnercrowd,andlocalentrepreneurssellingeverythingfromjewelrytopottery.ManylocalsaredeeplyengagedwithPikePlaceMarketandgenuinelyshopthere.TrySeattle’sfreshseafoodSeattle’scelebratedseafoodscenenodstotradition,likealder-smokedsalmonrootedinnativepractices,whilealsopushingboundariesaschefsblendlocalcatchwithglobalflavors.WhetheryourestattherusticcounteratPikePlaceChowder,enjoyingoystersatJamesBeard,ordiningwithaviewofLakeUnionandtheCascadeRangeatCanlis,onethingstaysconstant:thefreshness.LocaliconslikeDungenesscrab,geoduck,andblackcodremindyouyou’retrulyinPacificNorthwestwaters.TourSeattle’sundergroundBeneathPioneerSquare,Seattle’soldestneighborhoodandoriginaldowntown,liesahiddenlayerofstorefrontsandpassagewaysthatoncemadeupthecity’soriginalstreetlevel.“Itturnsoutthatbuildingatsealevelisabadidea.Thefiregavethecityplannersanopportunityforareset,”saysTerrilynJohnson,co-founderofBeneaththeStreets,whichofferswalkingtoursofSeattle’sunderground.She’sreferringtotheGreatFireof1889,whichdestroyed25blocks.Plannersrebuiltthecitybyraisingthestreets,leavingtheoldcityunderground.Throughguidedtours,youcanlearnaboutsomeoftheengineeringfeaturesthatwereadoptedduringtherebuild,suchasvaultlightsandhollowsidewalks.1.WhichofthefollowingholdstrueforPikePlaceMarket?A.Touristsaremorelikelytoshoptherethanlocals.B.Itismainlyaplaceforchefstobuyingredients.C.Localshaveastrongconnectionwiththemarket.D.Flyingfishandstreetperformersaretheonlythingsthatmakeitfamous.2.WhatdoestheauthoremphasizewhentalkingaboutSeattle’sseafood?A.Thevarietyofseafoodrestaurants.B.Theinfluenceofglobalflavorsonit.C.Thefreshnessoftheseafood.D.Thetraditionalcookingmethods.3.HowdidtheplannersdealwiththeoldcityaftertheGreatFireof1889?A.Theycompletelypulleddowntheoldcitytobuildanewone.B.Theylefttheoldcityundergroundandraisedthenewstreets.C.Theyturnedtheoldcityintoanundergroundmuseumfortours.D.Theyrepairedtheoldcityandcontinuedtouseitsstreetlevel.BThestorybeginsin2016,duringthelastsemesterofmyphilosophyundergraduate,whenIdecidedtobecomeawriterafterbeinginspiredbymodernandclassicworksIwasreading.Iearnedajournalismmaster'sfromNewYorkUniversity,workedatTorontoLifemagazineandfreelanced.IhadsomesuccessinterviewingtheformermayorJohnToryandreportingforTheNewYorkTimes.Butbehindthescenes,Iwasconstantlystressedandstrugglingtomakerent.Thenthingschanged.Thispastsummer,afriendinvitedmetocoachasmallgroupof11-year-oldvolleyballplayersfortheirupcomingclubseason.Ialwayslovedvolleyballbutpusheditasideforacademics,thinkingitcouldn'tbeacareer.Ijumpedattheopportunitytocoach.Everymorninginlatesummer,ImetthekidsinaparkinmidtownTorontoandtrainedthemonfundamentals:passing,settingandserving.Ihadgonefrominterviewingthemayortoplayingvolleyballinaparkwithkids.Howhaditcometothis?Overtheyears,laboringinjournalismhaddrainedmeofmyyouthfulspirit.Ihadstartedwritingbecauseitwasafreemeansofexpression,butthestressofmakingalivingthroughitwasendless.Iwantedtobeseriousandwell-respected,butitdefeatedthepurposeoffollowingmypassion.Volleyballreawakenedaspiritofplayfulnessinme.WhileshoutingatthekidsabouttechniquesandstrategiesI'dnotthoughtaboutinadecade,Ididn'thavetositbehindacomputer.TheparentspaidmefairlyandpromptlyandIdidn'thavetofearthatmyworkwouldbeoutsourcedtoartificialintelligence.SoIwentallin.Ifoundagymspaceandstartedrunningmyownclinics.IcreatedanorganizationcalledSuperVolley,whichrunssessionsforathletesaged5-18everySaturday.Thingsaregoingdecentlywellsofar.Likemanysmallbusinesses,I'matthemercyofarisingcostofliving,aharsheconomyandconsumerswhomightdevotetheirSaturdaystosomethingelse.ButI'llkeepgoingbecausethisvolleyballthingrewardsmeinwaysthatgowellbeyondmoneyorjournalisticfame.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'searlycareerfromthefirstparagraph?A.Heachievedgreatsuccessinjournalismwithoutanystress.B.Hegaveupphilosophytofocusonjournalismandwriting.C.Heworkedasafull-timewriteraftergraduation.D.Hisjournalismcareerbroughthimbothachievementsandstruggles.5.Whatmadetheauthorturntovolleyballcoaching?A.Thehighpayfromvolleyballclinics.B.ThefearofAIreplacinghisjournalismwork.C.Thestressandlossofpassioninjournalism. D.Theinvitationfromaprofessionalvolleyballclub.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"outsourced"inParagraph3mean?A.replaced B.improved C.shared D.created7.Whatconclusioncanwedrawabouttheauthor'spresentsituation?A.HisorganizationSuperVolleyonlyservesadultathletes.B.Hisvolleyballbusinessisfreefromeconomicchallenges.C.Heregretsgivinguphisjournalismcareercompletely.D.Hevaluesthenon-materialrewardsofvolleyballmore.CCatswithdementia(痴呆)havebrainchangessimilartothoseofpeoplewithAlzheimer'sdisease,offeringavaluablemodelforstudyingtheconditioninhumans,astudysays.Scientistsdiscoveredabuild-upofthetoxic(有毒的)proteinamyloid-betainthebrainsofcatswiththecondition—oneofthedefiningfeaturesofAlzheimer'sdisease.Thefindingsofferaclearerpictureofhowamyloid-betamayleadtoage-relatedbraindysfunction(功能障碍)andmemorylossincats,expertssay.Manyoldercatsdevelopdementia,leadingtobehavioralchangessuchasincreasedvocalizationormeowing,confusionanddisruptedsleep—symptomssimilartothoseseeninpeoplewithAlzheimer'sdisease.ScientistsattheUniversityofEdinburghexaminedthebrainsof25catsofdifferentagesaftertheyhadpassedaway,includingthosewithsignsofdementia.Powerfulmicroscopyimagesrevealedabuild-upofamyloid-betawithinthesynapses(神经元的突触)—connectionsbetweenbraincellsofoldercatsandcatswithdementia.Synapsesallowtheflowofmessagesbetweenbraincellsandarevitaltohealthybrainfunction.TheirlossstronglypredictsreducedmemoryandthinkingabilitiesinhumanswithAlzheimer'sdisease.Theresearchteamalsofoundevidencethatastrocytesandmicroglia—typesofsupportcellsinthebrain—surroundedor'ate'theaffectedsynapses.Thisprocess,calledsynapticpruning,isimportantduringbraindevelopmentbutcancontributetosynapselossindementia.Expertssaythefindingswillnotonlyhelptounderstandandmanagedementiaincatsbut,giventheirsimilarities,couldalsocontributetothedevelopmentoffuturetreatmentsforpeoplewithAlzheimer'sdisease.ScientistsstudyingAlzheimer'sdiseaseinthepasthavereliedheavilyongeneticallymodifiedrodents(啮齿类动物)models.Rodentsdonotnaturallydevelopdementia,andstudyingcatswithdementiahasthepotentialtoadvanceknowledgeandhelpdeveloptreatmentsforbothcatsandpeople,expertssay.8.WhatmakescatswithdementiaavaluablemodelforstudyingAlzheimer'sinhumans?A.Theyshowsimilarbehavioralchangestohumanswiththedisease.B.TheirbrainstructureisidenticaltothatofAlzheimer'spatients.C.Theydevelopdementiathroughgeneticmodification.D.Theyproducemoreamyloid-betathanotheranimalmodels.9.WhatdidtheUniversityofEdinburghscientistsdiscoveraboutcatswithdementia?A.Theirbraincellslosetheabilitytocommunicateentirely.B.Amyloid-betabuildsupinthesynapsesoftheirbraincells.C.Synapselossonlyoccursinveryoldcatswithoutdementia.D.Supportcellsinthebrainstopfunctioninginadvancedstages.10.WhyarecatsconsideredbetterthanrodentsforAlzheimer'sresearch?A.Rodentslivetoolongtostudyage-relatedchanges.B.Catsdevelopdementianaturally,unlikegeneticallymodifiedrodents.C.Rodentscannotproduceamyloid-betaintheirbraincells.D.Cats'brainstructureismorecomplexthanthatofrodents.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowDementiaAffectsCats'BehaviorandBrainFunctionB.TheRoleofAmyloid-betainBrainDiseasesofHumansandCatsC.WhyRodentModelsAreLessEffectiveinAlzheimer'sStudiesD.CatswithDementia:AValuableModelforAlzheimer'sResearchDSpanishpeoplemaysoonclockoff30minutesearliereachday,thankstoanewlawcuttingthelegalworkingweekfrom40hoursto37.5withnochangeinsalary.Thereform,expectedtobecomelawthisyear,followsmonthsoftalksbetweenMinisterofLabourandSocialEconomyYolandaDiaz,unionsandemployers'representatives.Underthenewrules,a37.5-hourcontractwillbeconsideredfull-time,andcompaniesthatfailtofollowtherulescouldfacefinesofupto10,000euros(about75,900yuan)perworker.AllbusinessesmustmakethechangebyDec.31,2025."Thisproposalisaboutlivingbetter,workingless,andbeingmuchmoreproductiveandefficienteconomically,"Diazsaid.However,thelawstillrequiresparliamentary(议会的)approval,andlawmakersmayintroducechangesbeforeittakeseffect.Shorterworkinghourshaveoftenbeenconnectedtobetterhealth.Spain'smajortradeunionUGT,whichsupportedthereforminDecember2024,supportsreducingworkinghoursevenfurther:advocatingforafour-day,32-hourweek.AccordingtotheEuropeanParliament,morethan300millionpeopleworldwidesufferfromwork-relatedmentalhealthissues.TheEuropeanUnion(EU)isworkingonlegislation(立法)todefinethe"righttodisconnect".ChristopherDottie,fromrecruitmentcompanyHays,toldtheSpanishnewspaperExpansionthatevenwithshorterworkinghours,it'spossibletoimproveworkers'qualityoflifeandboostproductivityatthesametime.HecitedtheNetherlands,DenmarkandGermanyasgoodexamplesofthat.However,noteveryoneisconvincedthatthemeasurewillsignificantlyimpactpeople'sdailylives.Similarpolicieshavealreadybeentestedinothercountries,suchasFrance,wheretheworkschedulehasbeencappedat35hourssince2000.Yet,asurveyfoundthat40percentofrespondentsstillstruggledtobalanceworkandpersonallife,accordingtoTheConversation.Alicia,anITcompanyemployeeinMadrid,Spain,whoprefersnottorevealhersurname,saidthechangewon'tmakemuchdifferencetoher.DuetoSpain'scommonsplitshifts(交替轮班),shewillstillfinishworkintheevening."Ideally,I'dworkfrom8a.m.to3p.m.tohavetimeformychildrenandsports,"shesaid.CEOE,Spain’smainlobby(游说团体)foremployers,arguesthata42.5-hourweekwouldboostproductivitytomatchthatofotherEuropeancountries.Meanwhile,SpanishEconomyMinisterCarlosCuerpowarnedthatthelawshouldbepostponed,assmallandmedium-sizedbusinesseswillbearmorethanhalfofthepolicy’simpact,andcompaniesmayneedmoretimetoadapt.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutSpain’snewworkingweekreform?A.Ithasalreadybeenapprovedbytheparliament.B.Employersmightbepunishediftheydon’tobeythenewrules.C.Allbusinessesmustcompletethechangebytheendof2024.D.Workerswillgetlesspayafterthereformiscarriedout.13.WhydoesSpain’smajortradeunionUGTsupportreducingworkinghoursfurther?A.Tohelpsmallbusinessesreducecosts.B.Toimproveworkers’healthandwell-being.C.TomatchtheproductivityofotherEUcountries.D.Topromotethe“righttodisconnect”legislation.14.WhatisAlicia’sattitudetowardsthenewreform?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Excited. D.Indifferent.15.Whatconcerndoopponentsofthereformexpress?A.Workers’productivitywilldecreasesharply.B.The“righttodisconnect”willbeviolated.C.Smallandmediumbusinessesmaystruggletoadapt.D.SpainwillfallbehindotherEuropeancountriesineconomy.第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wespendbillionsofdollarseachyeartryingtofightaging—coveringupwrinkles,dyeinggrayhair,andchasingthepromiseofyouth.

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.“Everyonetalksaboutagingasthisdecline,”saysMichelleFeng,chiefclinicalofficeratExecutiveMentalHealth.“Butagingisjustliving.Itliterallymeansthatyou’realive.”Sowhatgetsbetteraswegetolder?Here’swhattheresearchshows.YougetbetterathandlingstressStressdoesn’tgoawaywithage,buthowwedealwithitchanges.“Olderpeoplecanunderstandstressfulsituationsbetter,andthey’reactuallybetteratmanagingstressthanwhentheywereyounger,”saysAanandNaik,executivedirectoroftheUTHealthHoustonConsortiumonAging.

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.“Olderadultshavemorelifeexperience.Theyalsoknowhowtohandlespecificsituationsandhavewaystoworkthroughthem,”saysNaik.YoubecomemoreemotionallystrongAgechangesnotjusthowwehandlestress,butalsoourfeelings.Naiknotesolderadultsunderstandandadapttoemotionsbetter;Fengaddstheyavoidbadfeelingsandkeepgoodones.Unlikeyoungerpeoplewhohideemotions(causingmoreinnerstress),olderadultsoftenuse“reevaluation”(lookingatsituationsdifferently)tostaylessemotionallyreactive.

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Somepartsofmemory(likerememberingnewthingsfast)getworsewithage.Butotherparts—likeknowingmorewordsandlong-termknowledge—staythesameorevengetbetter.Researcherscallthis“crystallized(晶体的)intelligence”:“It’swhatyouknowfromlife,”saysFeng.BothsheandNaikcallthis“wisdom”forshort.Insomecultures,thiswisdomisnotjustnoticed—it’swhatmakesolderpeopleimportant.AstudyfromJapan’sAwajiIslandfoundthatolderadultswerebetterthanyoungerpeopleatknowingtraditionallifeskills.Researcherscallthis“thewisdomoftheelders.”Yourmindsetshapeshowyouage

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.“Ifpeoplethinkdepressionisnormalwhengettingolder,theymightletithappen,”saysFeng.“Butit’snot.Youneedtoknowthistoask:HowdoIwanttoage?”“Weshouldunderstandthatwecan’tstopaging,”saysFeng.“Butwehavemorecontroloverhowweagethanwethink.Thiscanhelpyoumakegoodchoicesforyourself.”A.ExperiencemakesyouwiserB.YoustopcaringwhatothersdoC.Abigwrongideaaboutagingisthatyoucan’tcontrolitD.OlderpeopleoftenremembermiddleageasaveryhappytimeE.ThismightalsoexplainwhyolderpeoplefeelhappieroverallF.OnereasonisthatmanyolderadultshavewaystohandleproblemsG.Butmanypeoplethinkagingisaslowdecline—scientistssaythisisnotthewholetruth第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afewmonthsago,I

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arandompostonFacebookfromagroupcalledPoisonsHelp:EmergencyIdentificationforMushroomsandPlants.Curious,Iclickedonit.Thepost

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aphotoofafungus(真菌)onatreeandapanickedmessagefromamanwhosedogwasvomiting(呕吐),withfurtherphotosshowingbitsofvomitedmushroom.Theowner

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urgentguidance,fearinghispethadeatensomethingpoisonous.Thegroup,composedoftrustedexperts,

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himthemushroomswerenotdangerous.Inowfindmyselfreadingpostafterpost.Whencasesareresolvedandpetssurvive,thepostersareso

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tohaveaccesstothisremarkablefreeresource.Intheoftendarkand

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worldoftheinternet,itfeelslikeabeautifulpocketoflightandhope.It

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methatthereisgoodouttheretoo.Itiseasytofeel

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abouthumanity.Thereareongoingwars,climatechange,violence,povertyandmore.Butpeopleareusingtheirknowledgeandskillstomakea

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.ThisissomethingIseewhenIgotoworkintheNationalHealthService(NHS).Forallthetalkofitsbrokennessandcuts,everydaymycolleaguesandI

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patients,andmanyofthosepatientsgrow,developandgetbetter.Whilefacingandstandingagainstthebad,wemustalsoholdontothegood.It’seasytobeoverwhelmedby

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andlosehope,especiallyifyou'veexperiencedseverehardships.

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agriponthegoodinourselves,othersandtheworldtakeseffort.It'snotabout

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everythingisfine.It'saboutbelievinginthe

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forpositivechange.Mymentor(导师)recentlyspokeabouttheIsrael-Palestineconflict:thathoweverfarawaypeacemayseem,wehavetobelievethatitispossible,sowecanbegin

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thebridgethatmaygetusthereoneday.Wecanstarttolaythebricks.21.A.passedover B.cameacross C.drewup D.tookdown22.A.hid B.overlooked C.featured D.ruined23.A.sought B.declined C.supplied D.deserted24.A.cautioned B.cheated C.puzzled D.reassured25.A.upset B.grateful C.annoyed D.skeptical26.A.bright B.beneficial C.welcoming D.awful27.A.frightens B.discourages C.reminds D.bothers28.A.curious B.optimistic C.hopeless D.confident29.A.difference B.chaos C.livelihood D.commitment30.A.avoid B.hurt C.neglect D.treat31.A.warmth B.cruelty C.negativity D.damage32.A.Maintaining B.Losing C.Escaping D.Deserting33.A.pretending B.proving C.forgetting D.acknowledging34.A.hardship B.unlikelihood C.weakness D.potential35.A.destroying B.building C.crossing D.designing第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thebutterricecake

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(gain)greatpopularityinrecentyears.Withacrispyoutsideandasoftinside,

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offersagreatsmellofbutterandasweettastethatfillyour

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(sense).Manypeopleareaddicted

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it.Doyouknowwhy?Whiledelicious,thesecretbehindtheaddictiontobutterricecake

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(lie)inhowitaffectsyourbody.Itisinfact

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mixoffatandsugarthatinfluencesyourbrain'sdesire

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(eat)throughthegut-brainneural(肠-脑神经)connection,journalCellMetabolismsaid.Moreover,whensugarandfataremixedtogether,theyhaveastrongereffect

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(compare)towhentheyareeatenalone.Thismixcausesyourbraintoproducemoredopamine(多巴胺),whichmakesyoufeelhappy.What'smore,aftereatingbutterricecake,thehighstarch(淀粉)andsugarcontentcancausechanges

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(sharp)inyourbloodsugarlevelsinashorttime.Yourbodythenproducesinsulin(胰岛素)andglucagon(胰高血糖素),

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(make)youfeelhungryagainquickly.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节书面表达（满分15分）假设你是李华，你校将举办“校园传统文化节”活动，旨在让同学们更好地了解中国传统艺术。请你给外教Smith先生写一封邮件，邀请他参加活动并担任手工体验环节的评委。内容包括：1.活动的时间和地点；2.活动的主要内容（如剪纸、书法展示等）；3.邀请他担任评委的原因及具体职责。注意：1.词数为80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。DearMr.Smith,___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节短文续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasafreezingDecemberafternoon,withsnowflakesdancinginthewindliketinywhitebutterflies.Lily,a16-year-oldstudent,pulledhercoattighteraroundher,herbreathforminglittlecloudsinthecoldairasshew