第02讲Unit4~5单词回顾和词汇拓展(选择性必修一)-（寒假复习讲义）原卷版

第02讲Unit4—5重点单词、短语、句型回顾和词汇拓展精讲精练(选择性必修一)选修一Unit4BodyLanguage重点单词、短语、句型回顾1.varyvi.(根据情况)变化；改变[教材原文]Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.就像口语一样，肢体语言也因文化而异。(1)Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,therearevarietiesofgoodsinstores，varyinglife.Inailygroceriestoluxurygoods,whichgreatlyenrichpeople'slife.Inaddition,thegoodsvarywiththeseasoninvarietyandquantity.(vary)books.Theyreadingverymuch,especiallythestorybooks.TheyvaryfromChinesestoriestoEnglishstories.→Ilikereadingverymuch,especiallythestorybooksvaryingfromChinesestoriestoEnglishstories．(现在分词短语作定语)(3)(应用文之活动安排)如果你来北京旅游，我将安排各种各样的活动，从爬长城到参观颐和园不等。IfyoutraveltoBeijing，Iwillarrangeavarietyof/varietiesof/variousactivities，whichvaryfromclimbingtheGreatWalltovisitingtheSummerPalace.(1)varyin在……方面不同/有差异varywithsth.随……而变化from...to...from...to...从……到……情况不等(2)varietyn．种类；多样化avarietyof/varietiesof各种各样的thevarietyof...……的种类(3)variousadj.各种各样的；具有多种特征的2.appropriateadj.合适的；恰当的[教材原文]Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.关键是使用肢体语言的方式要适合你所处的文化。(1)Itisnotappropriatetoask(ask)suchpersonalquestionsinaninterview.(2)他随便的穿着不适合这样正式的场合。Hiscasualclotheswerenotappropriateto/forsuchaformaloccasion．(3)(2022·全国甲卷，书面表达)Itisappropriateforustodosmallthingsinourdailylifetoprotectouroceans.→Itisappropriatethatwe(should)dosmallthingsinourdailylifetoprotectouroceans.(Itisappropriatethat...)(1)beappropriatefor/to...＝besuitablefor/befitfor适合……Itisappropriate(forsb.)todosth.(对某人来说)做某事是合适的Itis(not)appropriatethatsb.(should)dosth.某人做某事是(不)合适的(2)appropriatelyadv.适当地3.approvevt.批准，通过vi.赞成；同意[教材原文]Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。(1)Wehavemadeadjustmentstoourplansothatitcanmeetwithyourapproval(approve).(2)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)父亲同意这对双胞胎准备母亲节早餐，并且主动提出帮助他们。当看到早餐时，这位高兴的母亲向双胞胎投去赞许的目光。Thefatherapprovedofthetwins/twins'preparingaMother'sDaybreakfastandofferedtohelpthem.Whenseeingthebreakfast，thedelightedmothergavethetwinsanapprovinglook．(1)approveof(sb./sb.'sdoing)sth.赞成/同意(某人做)某事beapprovedby被……批准(2)approvaln．批准，认可；赞成with/withouttheapprovalof经/未经……的批准giveone'sapprovalto...同意/批准……(3)approvingadj.赞成的；同意的4.witnessvt.当场看到；目击；见证n．目击者；证人[教材原文]InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.在日本，如果有人看到另一个人做这个手势，可能会以为是钱的意思。(1)Thepolicehaveappealedforwitnessestotheaccident.(2)(2023·浙江卷1月，应用文写作)上周日，我参加了一个由学生会组织的有意义的活动，名为“认识我们身边的植物”。LastSundaywitnessedmyparticipatinginameaningfulactivitynamed“GettingtoKnowthePlantsAroundUs”organizedbytheStudents'Union.(1)witnesssth.目击某事发生(2)givewitnesstosth.为……作证be(a)witnessto……的目击者5.employvt.使用；应用；雇用[教材原文]InJapan，someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.在日本，如果有人看到另一个人做这个手势，可能会以为是钱的意思。(1)Thegovernmenthastakeneffectivemeasurestocreatemoreemployment(employ)opportunities.(2)(应用文之申请信)如果有幸被雇用，我将不遗余力地回报您的信任。IfIamluckyenoughtobeemployed,Iwillsparenoefforttorepayyouforyourtrust.(3)(2021·全国乙卷，书面表达)每天忙于在线学习，我不能匀出时间与老师们和同学们面对面地交流。→Employedinonlinelearningeveryday，Ican'tsparesometimetointeractwithmyteachersandclassmatesfacetoface.(过去分词短语作状语)→Employingmyselfinonlinelearningeveryday，Ican'tsparesometimetointeractwithmyteachersandclassmatesfacetoface.(现在分词短语作状语)6.differvi.相异；不同于[教材原文]Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.甚至我们用来表示“是”与“不是”的手势在世界各地都不一样。(1)Thereisnodenyingthatcustomsdifferinthisrespect.(2)我最尊敬的人是我的班主任，他在教学方面与其他老师不同。在我们的学习上，他先进的教学方法对我们学生有巨大影响。在我们的日常生活中，他教我们如何明辨是非。ThepersonIrespectmostismyheadteacherwhodiffersfrom/isdifferentfromotherteachersinteaching．Inourstudies，hisadvancedteachingmethodsmakeagreatdifferencetousstudents．Inourdailylife，heteachesushowtotellthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong．(3)(2022·全国甲卷，书面表达)一些人认为保护我们的海洋免受污染对我们没有影响，但是我认为海洋保护非常重要。Somepeoplethinkthatprotectingouroceansfrombeingpollutedmakesnodifferencetous，butIattachgreatimportancetooceanprotection.(1)differfrom...与……不同differin...在……方面不同differwithsb.on/about/over...在……上不同意某人的看法(2)differencen．差异，不同(之处)makea/nodifferencetosb./sth.对某人/某物有/没有影响tellthedifferencebetweenAandB(＝tellAandBapart)区分A和B(3)differentadj.不同的，有区别的bedifferentfrom...与……不同7.favourvt.较喜欢；选择；有利于n．帮助；恩惠；赞同；喜爱[教材原文]Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手、弯腰鞠躬或者点头。(1)Ourproductshavegoodfameathomeandabroad,deeplyfavoured(favour)bycustomers.(2)机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。→Opportunitiesandsuccesstendtobeinfavourofthosewhoareready.→Opportunitiesandsuccesstendtofavourthosewhoareready.(3)(应用文之结束语)如果你有任何问题，尽管向我求助。Ifyouhaveanyquestions，don'thesitatetoaskmeafavour/askafavourofme．(1)dosb.afavour＝doafavourforsb.帮某人一个忙asksb.afavour＝askafavourofsb.请某人帮忙owesb.afavour欠某人一个人情(be)infavourof＝befor赞成；主张(be)against反对(2)favouriteadj.&n.特别受喜爱的(人或物)(3)favourableadj.有利的；赞成的8.breakdown出故障；不能运转；消除；打破；分解[教材原文]Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.微笑能够消除隔阂。(1)Wehadbrokenupfortenmonthsandwewereoverwhelmedwithgrief.Sowhenweultimatelybrokedownourlongstandingbarriers，webrokeintotears.(2)(2021·浙江卷6月，读后续写)Ibrokein，“Dad，hereiswhatIreceivedformywork.Ithinkitwouldhelpyouinsomeway.”Hearingthat，myfatherbrokedown．(3)(读后续写之愤怒心理描写)他决心离家出走，怒气冲冲地跑出家门，消失在夜色中。Determinedtobreakawayfromhome，heranoutofthehouseinangeranddisappearedintothenight.breakin打断，插嘴说；闯入breakinto闯入；强行进入；突然开始breakout(战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生breakup分解；解散；破裂breakawayfrom脱离，放弃否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义9.[教材原文]Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，最美好的事情莫过于看到好朋友的笑脸。(1)ItwasnotuntilthenthatIsuddenlyrealizednobodywashappier(happy)thanIwas.(2)(读后续写之亲情篇升华句)直到那时我才突然意识到没人比我妈妈更爱我了。ItwasnotuntilthenthatIsuddenlyrealizedthatnobodylovedmemorethanmymom．(3)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)大卫向我走来，“我从没见过比你更热心的人了。没有你，我不可能参加大型越野跑，因此，我怎么感谢你也不为过。”他的眼睛里闪烁着激动和感激的泪水。Davidwalkedtome，“Ihaveneverseenamorewarmheartedpersonthanyou．Withoutyou，Icouldn'thaveparticipatedinthebigcrosscountryrun，soIcan'tthankyouenough/toomuch．”Hiseyestwinkledwithtearsofexcitementandgratitude.本句中否定词nothing与比较级better连用，表示最高级的含义。最高级意义的多种表达法：(1)否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)(2)否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as10.inotherwords换句话说；也就是说[教材原文]Inotherwords...换句话说……(1)Wehaven'texpectedhiswinning.Inotherwords,wearesurprisedathiswinning.(2)前几天她和她的丈夫吵架了，因为他不守信用。他决定真诚地和他的妻子谈一谈，并保证无论发生什么都会遵守诺言。Theotherdayshehadwordswithherhusbandbecausehebrokehisword．Hedecidedtohaveawordwithhiswifesincerelyandpromisedtokeephiswordnomatterwhathappened.(3)(应用文之餐桌礼仪)总之，吃饭时你用筷子指着其他人是不合适的。Ina/oneword，itisnotappropriateforyoutopointyourchopsticksatothersatdinner.in/beyondwords用/无法用语言表达ina/oneword总之，简言之haveawordwith与……谈一谈havewordswith与……吵嘴breakone'sword失信，食言keepone'sword遵守诺言11.occupyvt.占据；占用(时间、空间等)；使忙碌[教材原文]Withtheirchinsontheirhands,theyoccupythemselvesbystaringoutofthewindoworupattheceiling.他们双手托着下巴，专注地盯着窗外或天花板。(1)Shehasbeensooccupied(occupy)withherworkthatshehasn'thadtimeforsocialactivities.→Shehasoccupiedherselfwithherworkthatshehasn'thadtimeforsocialactivities.→Sooccupiedwithherworkhasshebeenthatshehasn'thadtimeforsocialactivities.(倒装结构)(2)(2021·全国甲卷，书面表达)IoccupymyselfinorganizingaclassmeetingaboutChinesetraditionalculturesatpresentandIamwritingtoaskyousomesuggestions.→OccupyingmyselfinorganizingaclassmeetingaboutChinesetraditionalculturesatpresent，Iamwritingtoaskyousomesuggestions.(现在分词短语作状语)→OccupiedinorganizingaclassmeetingaboutChinesetraditionalculturesatpresent，Iamwritingtoaskyousomesuggestions.(过去分词短语作状语)(1)occupyoneselfwithsth./(in)doingsth.忙于(做)某事(2)occupiedadj.忙碌的；占用的beoccupied(in)doingsth.忙于做某事beoccupiedwith(doing)sth.从事/忙于(做)某事(3)occupationn．工作，职业；占领12.distinguishvi.&vt.区分；辨别；使有别于；使出众[教材原文]Whileitiseasytoperceivewhenstudentsareinterested,bored,ordistracted,itissometimesmuchhardertodistinguishwhenstudentsaretroubled.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。(1)It'smypleasuretointroduceChinesepaintingtoourdistinguished(distinguish)guests.(2)他作为一名老师在这座城市已经享有盛名。他不仅教我们分辨善恶，而且能够更高效地提高我们的学习成绩。总而言之，他是我最尊敬的杰出老师。Hehasdistinguishedhimselfasateacherinthecity.Notonlydoesheteachustodistinguishbetweengoodandevilbuthecanimproveouracademicperformancesmoreeffectively.Inaword，heisthedistinguishedteacherIrespectmost.(1)distinguishbetween...and...区分/辨别……和……distinguish...from...从……中区分/辨别……distinguishoneselfas...作为……而出众(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的，著名的，杰出的；高贵的13.embarrassedadj.难堪的；窘迫的；尴尬的[教材原文]Theymayalsohidetheirfacesintheirhandsliketheyareembarrassedorashamed.他们也可能用手捂着脸，仿佛感觉尴尬或羞愧。(1)Hewasverysurprisedtohear(hear)peoplespeaksohighlyofhim.(2)(2021·浙江卷1月，读后续写)Tomyembarrassment(embarrass)，myheadwasstuckinthehugepumpkin.→Whatembarrassedme/Whatmademeembarrassedwasthatmyheadwasstuckinthehugepumpkin.(what引导的主语从句)(1)be/feelembarrassedtodosth.尴尬于做某事be/feelembarrassedabout/atsth.因……而感到尴尬/窘迫(2)embarrassmentn．难堪；困窘toone'sembarrassment令某人难堪的是(3)embarrassvt.使难堪，使局促不安embarrassingadj.令人难堪的14.ashamedadj.羞愧；惭愧[教材原文]Theymayalsohidetheirfacesintheirhandsliketheyareembarrassedorashamed.他们也可能用手捂着脸，仿佛感觉尴尬或羞愧。(1)Shewasashamedtotell(tell)hermotherthatshehadfailedagain.(2)Ashamedandfrustrated(既羞愧又沮丧；形容词作状语)，Ifeltasifaknifewerepiercingmyheartandtearsblurredmyeyes.(3)她的脸上泛起了红晕，头轻轻地垂着，眼角上闪着羞愧的泪光。Herfacewasflushed，herheadwashanginggently，andtearsofshamewereshiningfromthecornersofhereyes．(1)be/feelashamedof(doing)sth.对(做)某事感到惭愧beashamedtodosth.因惭愧而不情愿做某事；因尴尬而勉强做某事(2)shamen．羞愧；让人遗憾的事It'sashame/pitythat...令人惋惜的是……15.bothervi.&vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心n．麻烦；不便[教材原文]However,ifastudentdoesnotbothertobrushherhairandhereyesareredfromweeping,thenIcaninferthattherearedeeperissuesatwork.但是，要是学生都懒得梳头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。(1)I'msorrytobotheryouwith/aboutsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.(2)使我苦恼的是五月十号前要完成全部工作。ItbothersmetofinishthewholeworkbeforeMay10.(3)在那一点上她与你意见不一致，你感到苦恼吗？Doesitbotheryouthatshedisagreeswithyouonthat？bothersb.with/aboutsth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人bothertodosth.费心做某事；操心做某事Itbotherssb.todosth./that...使某人苦恼的是……16.conflictn．矛盾；冲突vi.冲突；抵触[教材原文]Itcouldbethatsheishavingseriousconflictswithotherstudentsorathome.可能是她和其他同学或家里发生了严重的冲突。(1)Thechangesaresuretoconflictwiththeoldtraditions,sowemustgivethemasecondthought.(2)(应用文之建议信)得知你和你爸爸有冲突，我写信给你一些建议。Learningthatyouhavebeeninconflictwithyourfather，Iamwritingtoofferyousometips.(1)beinconflictwith与……相冲突eintoconflictwith...与……发生冲突(2)conflictwith与……相冲突17.adjustvt.调整；调节vi.&vt.适应；(使)习惯[教材原文]Theirbodylanguageletsmeknowwhentoadjustclassactivities,whentointervene,andwhentotalktostudentsindividually,sotheycanallgetthemostoutofschool.他们的肢体语言让我知道什么时候该调整课堂活动，什么时候该去干预，什么时候该单独和学生谈话，好让他们都能从学校得到最大的收获。(1)Broughtupinthecountry,hefindsithardtoadjusthimselftoliving(live)inthecity.(2)(应用文之建议信)我写信向您寻求关于如何调整(自己)以适应学校生活的建议。Iamwritingtoturntoyouforadviceonhowtoadjust(myself)toschoollife．(3)(应用文之结束语)如果你有任何问题，请随时与我联系，以便我能对先前的安排做出调整。→Ifyouhaveanyquestions，don'thesitatetocontactmesothatIcanadjusttheformerarrangements．(adjust)→Ifyouhaveanyquestions，don'thesitatetocontactmesothatIcanmakeadjustmentstotheformerarrangements．(adjustment)(1)adjuststh.tosth.调整……以适应……adjustto(doing)sth.适应(做)某事(2)adjustmentn．调整；调节makeanadjustment/adjustmentsto对……做出调整18.callon(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请[教材原文]Somestudentsactthiswaymerelybecausetheyareafraidofbeingcalledonbytheteacher.有些学生之所以这样做，仅仅是因为他们害怕被老师喊到。(1)ThePresidentcalledupon/onthepeopletowork(work)hardtomakethecountryrichandstrong.(2)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)这对双胞胎在准备母亲节早餐上有很大困难，因此，他们请来父亲帮助他们。父亲和蔼地告诉他们：“做一顿美味的早餐需要极大的耐心和一些技能。”ThetwinshadgreatdifficultypreparingaMother'sDaybreakfast，sotheycalledintheirfathertohelpthem．Thefathertoldthemkindly，“Cookingadeliciousbreakfastcallsforgreatpatienceandsomeskills．”callon/uponsb.todosth.号召/呼吁某人做某事callback回电话；召回；回想起callin召回；叫……进来callfor需要除callon/uponsb.之外，表示“拜访”的短语还有以下这些：callataplace拜访某地dropinonsb.顺便拜访某人dropinataplace顺便拜访某地payavisittosb./aplace拜访某人/某地19.部分否定[教材原文]Ofcourse,noteveryonewholooksupispayingattentioninclass.当然，课堂上并不是每个抬头看的学生都在专心听课。(1)Notallbodylanguages(并非所有的肢体语言)meanthesamethingindifferentcountries.(2)使我尴尬的是他们俩都没有对我的问题作出回应。Whatmademeembarrassedwasthatneitherofthemreactedtomyquestion.(3)(2021·全国甲卷，书面表达)正如你所知道的，并不是所有的中国传统文化都吸引外国朋友。因此，我写信寻求你的建议。Asyouknow，notallthetraditionalChineseculturesareattractivetoforeignfriends/allthetraditionalChineseculturesarenotattractivetoforeignfriends．SoIamwritingtogetyouradvice.本句为一个部分否定句。当all，both，each，everybody，everyone，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用时，便构成了部分否定，意为“不是……都；并非……都”。noone，no，none，never，nothing，nomore，nolonger，noway等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时，构成“全部否定”。20.havesth.done[教材原文]Soifastudenthashisheadloweredtolookathiswatch，itimpliesheisboredandjustcountingtheminutesfortheclasstoend.因此，如果一名学生低头看表，这意味着他很无聊，简直就是在数着时间等下课。(1)Itwascold,andshehadthefireburning(burn)dayandnight.(2)(应用文之建议信)遵循以下建议，你的问题就能得到解决。Takethefollowingadviceandyoucanhaveyourproblemssettled．(3)(应用文之道歉信)让你等了这么长时间，我必须向你道歉。今天，我有太多紧急的事情要处理。Imustapologizetoyouforhavingyouwaitingforsuchalongtime．Today，Ihavesomanyurgentthingstoattendto．句中的hashisheadlowered为“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。本句中用过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动。“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构：(1)havesth.done使某事完成；遭遇某种(不幸的)事情(2)havesb.dosth.让某人做某事(3)havesb.doingsth.允许某人做某事(常用于否定句中)；使某人一直做某事(多用于肯定句中)(4)havesth.todo有某事要做(主语自己做)havesth.tobedone有某事要做(不是主语自己做)21.with的复合结构[教材原文]Theireyesbarelymove,andtheyalwayshavethesamedistantexpressionontheirfaces.Itisasthoughtheyareasleepwiththeireyesopen.他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上表情疏远呆滞，好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。(1)Theprisonerwasledinwithhishandstied(tie)tohisback.(2)Hefellasleepwiththelightburning(burn).(3)(读后续写之情景描写)有这么多的衣服要洗，我无法出去了。Ican'tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash.句中的withtheireyesopen是with的复合结构。(1)with的复合结构在句中常作状语，表示方式或伴随情况，也可作定语。(2)with复合结构的构成：with＋名词＋形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语XB1U4词性转换及短语精练高频词汇变形1．________n.交流;相互影响→_______vi.交流;相互影响_____n.姿势(=____),手势造成威胁_________________v.打听,询问→_______n.调查;质询2．____vi.变化→________adj.多样的(=________)→________n.变化;多样化(=________)各种各样的:____________=______________=_______3．_______(=________=_____=__)adj.合适的→__________adj.不合适的和介词____搭配形近词:________v/n.接/近;___,着手处理;_______4．______vi.赞成;同意vt.批准→_______n.赞成;批准→_________(=______=______=______)vi.不赞成_________adj近似的,大约的v.近似,接近5．___________vt.演示,说明;证明;流露(感情)→____________n.集会示威;演示;说明_______vt.给…加插图;说/阐明;表明→________n.插图,图案6．________vt.使用(=_______),应用;雇用→__________n.雇主→_________n.雇工→__________n.雇佣;职业;使用7．_______vt.理解;解释(=_______)vt./vi.口译→______________n.解释,说明;诠释→___________n.口译工作者;口译译员8．_______vi.相异;不同于→________adj.相异的;不同的→__________n.不同;相异___________adj.不关心的,冷淡的;中立的9．______n.支持,喜爱,帮忙,恩惠v.偏袒/爱;支持,更喜欢;有利于→_________adj.喜爱的;受优惠的;有特权的→_________adj.给人好印象的;赞同的;支持的;有利的10．____n.愤怒vt.使生气;激怒→______adj.生气的_____v/n.饥饿;渴望→_______adj.饥饿的;渴望的anger和hunger变adj.需要去__再加__11．_________adj.可靠的(=______=_____);可信赖的→_______(=______=_____)vi.信赖;依靠→_______n.依赖/靠12．_______adj.轻微的;略微的;细小的→___________adv.略微;稍微_______n.障碍物,屏障=_______n.障碍(物),妨碍13．_______(=_______)n.评价;评定→_____(=_______)vt.评估;评价 形近词:______n.通道;机会vt.进入;获取→_______adj.可接近/获取的,易懂/受影响的14．______________vt.＆vi.(使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向阅读常考词汇:_______n.目击者vt.见证目击_______n/v矛盾,冲突15．_______n.教师;教育工作者;→_______n.教育→_______vt.教育→_______adj.有教养的;受过教育的;有学识的(=_______________)16．_______vt.占据;占用→____________n.职业;占据→____________adj.职业的→_________adj.已占用的;无空的17．_______n.焦虑;担心;害怕→_______adj.焦虑的;担心的;渴望的(___)_______vt.察觉;理解;认知→________n.感知/觉察(力);观念,看法18．______vt.调整;_____(=_______)vi/vt.适应；(使)习惯→____________n.适应;调整______vt.照顾;照料vi.倾向;趋于→__________n.趋势;倾向19.______vi．(对···)起反应(__);回应;（对食物等）有不良反应→_______n.反应;回应________v.展示,陈列;显露__________展览;展出20.______v.揭示,透露;表明→______adj.透露真情的;有启迪的;袒胸露肩的_______n.暴露;揭发;显示→_______vt.使曝光;揭露暴露于…___________21._______(=_______=_______)vt.暗示;意味→______________(=_______=_______)n.暗示;牵连;含义22.___________v.辨别(=________=________=____),区别→______________adj.卓越的;著名的(=_______=_________);受人尊敬的23.______adj.最后的(反:_____),最终的,最大的→________(=________=________,反:________)adv.最后desperateadj.______;______;________24._____adj.稀少/珍贵的;(肉)半熟的→_____adv.罕有;很少;不常_____裸露的;光秃秃的;空的(=_____);无装饰的→_____adv.仅仅,勉强;几乎不25._________n.身份,个性→__________adj.相同的,一样的→_______vt.确定;辨别→______________n.身份证明_________________与…相同26.________n.羞耻/愧;_____vt.使丢脸,使羞愧→_______adj.不道德的;可耻的→_______adj.惭/羞愧的____________太遗憾了,太可惜了27.____________adj.让人难堪/害羞的→____________adj.尴尬的→_________vt.使尴尬;使难堪→______________n.尴尬28.________vt./vi.停止,结束________n./v死亡→_________adj.死去了的;已死的_______n./v.暂停;间歇29.________vi.干预/涉;调解;干扰,阻碍→___________n.介入,干涉,干预_________adj.足够的;充足的=________=_______→________n.充足30.______vt.阻止,禁止→_________n.禁止prohibitsb.____…________(=________)vt.显示;展览→________n.merelyadv._______________词块翻译1．消除；分解；打破；精神或情绪崩溃_______________2．从……到……情况不等_______________3．对……适合_______________4．相比之下_______________5．往……里面看_______________6．赞同_______________7．直起来；整理；收拾整齐_______________8．(与……)相比较_______________9．推理；推断_______________10．通过；度过；完成_______________11．换句话说；也就是说_______________12．(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请_______________13．有某种影响；在工作_______________14．坐下休息_______________15．倾向于_______________16．从事于，忙于_______________17．凝视；盯着看_______________18．调整；调节；适应_______________选修一Unit5WorkingtheLand单词回顾和词汇拓展：一、词汇清单知识点1(教材原句)Indeed,hisslimbutstrongbodywasjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers,结实的身体就像他为之奉献了一生的千百万中国农民一样。联想词①devotedadj.忠诚的；深爱的；投入的adevotedfather一位尽职的父亲知识点2(教材原句)Yuanwasconvincedthattheanswercouldbefoundinthec常见用法convincesbofsth使某人确信某事/说服某人相信某事convincesbtodosth说服某人做某事convincesbthat…使某人相信……我一直在设法说服琼跟我一起来。联想词①convincedadj.thing.我确信我们做的事情是正确的。②convincingadj.有说服力的；令人信服的知识点3n.n.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得(教材原句)Themonassumptionthenwasthatitcouldnotbedon常见用法makeanassumption作出假设假定……;人们认为……assumingthat…=providing/supposingthat..假如……;如果……Whereunemploymenta在失业率和犯罪率高的地方，我们可以认为后者是由前者造成的。知识点4(教材原句)Thishybridenabledfarmersto大大增加了作物的产量。Achild'svocabularyexpan孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。impossibleinsidethefourwalls这项工作拓展了我的思维，这在教室里是不可常用搭配expandin…在……方面扩充/膨胀expandinto….发展成/扩展到……expandon/upon详述；进一步说明expandonit?我不是很理解你的推理。你能将它详细说明一下吗?知识点5(教材原句)Today,itisestimatedthatabout60percentofdomesticriChinaisprisedofcropsgenerated费的稻米有约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种Thecollectionprises327pai藏有327幅画。常用搭配beprisedof(=beposedof=be一支足球队由11名队员组成。般不用于进行时和被动语态)Themitteeconsistsoftenmembers.委员会由十名成员组成。知识点6(教材原句)Theshelter,whichcouldprotectupto8,000peoplefromwartimeprisedoftwolargetunnelsthatwereintendedtoonedaybeeanLondonUnderground.这个避难所可以保护多达八千人免受战时炸弹袭击，它由两条大隧道组成，预计有一天会成为伦敦地铁的延伸部分。联想词①extendedadj.延长了的；扩展了的②extendvt.延长vi.延伸(距离)todevelopnaturally.如果任其自然生长，主干可以长到12英尺左右。现已有扩大无烟区的计划。weletoourvisitor.我确信你们会同我一起向来访者表示非常热烈的欢迎。知识点7(教材原句)Thisaffectsthecropsgrownonthelandand,inturn,theanimalsandwhodigestthem.这影响了生长在土地上的作物，进而影响了食用它们的动物和人类。女孩依次大声喊出了自己的名字。practice.理论来源于实践，反过来又服务于践。联想拓展含有turn的其他常用表达byturns轮流地，交替地(表现某些特质或情感)It'sone'sturntodosth轮到某人做某事theirsickbaby.这对年轻父母不得不轮流照顾他们生病的孩子。week.我想这周轮到我们开车送孩子们上学了。知识点8n.可供选择的事物(教材原句)Asanalternative,somefarmershaveswitchedtoorganicfarming,a转向有机耕作，并且许多顾客在当地杂货店购物时也转为购买有机食品。某事别无选择analternativetosth某事物的替代品WehadnoalternativebuttofireGibson.无他法，只能辞退吉布森。联想词alternativelyadv.或者TheagencywillmaketravelaAlternatively,youcanorganizey旅行社将为你安排旅行，或者你也可以自己安排交通工具。一、词汇变形_________v.辨别,承认,认可→_________n.(去__加____)_______n.场合;时机→________adj.偶尔/然的→_________adv.偶尔,间或(=_________)_______vi./n.有吸引力;呼吁;上诉;打动(四个意思记全)→_________adj.有吸引力的(=________=________=_______=_______);有感染力的;恳求的呼吁某人做某事：_______________________appealto的___不要背漏了！______=______v.获得_____adj.城市的_____adj.农村的_____(=______=______)vt.把…献给;把…专用于;专心于→_______(=________=_________)n.献身,奉献;忠诚;热爱→_______(=________)adj.献身的;忠诚的_________n.不足;缺少;短缺→shortadj.不足的;缺少的;短缺的_________=______=________adj.极其重要的________vt.使相/确信(sb.___sth.);说服(=________)→_________adj.令人相信的;有说服力的(_________)→_________adj.确信的_________n.特征(=_______);品质adj.典型的(=________);独特的→________n.性格(=_________);特点;汉字;角色(=____)_________n.假定(=_________);设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得→________v.以为;假定(=________);承担(=________=______;假装,呈现(=______)__________n.消耗;消耗量;消费→_________vt.消耗;消费→_________n.消费者_______n.草稿,草案,征兵;穿堂风v.起草_______vt.＆vi.扩大;增加;详述vt.扩展;发展(业务)→_________n.扩展;发展_________详细阐述某事______n.矿山v.开采→_______n.矿物______n.现实;实际情况;事实→______adj.真的;真实的→_______adv.真正地_______n.味道,香味v.调味________adj.可供选择的n.选择=_____=______别无选择只能做某事:_____________________________只能做某事:_____________________________n.扩建部分;扩大;电话分机→_______v.延伸;扩大;伸展;给予,提供(=______),发出_________adj