Unit2OutofthisworldGrammarandusage主语从句课件-高中英语译林版选择性

GrammarandusageSubjectclauses(主语从句)WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesTask1:Readthearticleonpage20andfillinthetablebelowThedevelopmentoftelescopesTimeNameFunctionIntheearly1600sGalileo’stelescopeItisthe_______usedtelescopetoexplorethesky.In______________SpaceTelescopeItcansee_______thanground-basedtelescopes,andallowsscientiststolearnmoreabouttheuniverse.In______________SpaceTelescopeIthasdetected_____________________thatarealmostthesamesizeastheEarth.Inrecentyears_______Itisthe_______radiotelescopeintheworldandisableto

observationswithextraordinarysensitivity.1990firstHubblefurther2009KeplermanysuitableplanetsFASTlargestcarryoutTelescopesarecrucialtoolsforspaceexploration!WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesTask2:Readtheseunderlinedsentencespara2para4WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesThatHubbleisbasedinspaceallowsittoseefurtherthanground-basedtelescopes,anditallowsscientiststolearnmoreabouttheuniverse.Whetherlifeonotherplanetsdoesexistisyettobeproved,butthesignsarepromising:KeplerhasdetectedmanysuitableplanetsthatarealmostthesamesizeastheEarth.Itisclearthattelescopesarecrucialtoolsforspaceexplorationandthatdevelopingtherequiredtechnologywillhelpastronomersallovertheworldmakeexcitingdiscoveries.Howmuchwewilllearnfromthetelescopesismerelylimitedbyourimagination.Task2:thinkaboutwhattheyhaveincommon【】【】【】【】【】Subjectclause主语从句WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesWecanuseanounclauseasthesubjectofasentencetomakethesentencemorecolourful,andthisnounclauseiscalledsubjectclause.

Subjectclause主语从句主语从句使用陈述语序！WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesTask3:findoutsubjectclausesinthebox1.ThisisthegirlwhohelpedmewithmyEnglishyesterday.2.Wevisitedthecitywheremygrandparentslivedfor20years.3.Whathehassaidinclasssuprisedallhisclassmates.4.Hetoldhismotherthathehadfinishedhishomework.5.Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisacommonscientificfact.6.Thequestioniswhetherwecangetenoughsupportfromourteachers.7.Whetherwecanfinishthetaskontimedependsonourefforts.8.Althoughheisyoung,heknowsalotaboutcomputers.WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules从属连词

that例句：1.Thathewillsucceediscertain.

2.ThatMarsmaybecomeourhomeinthefuturedoesexcitemanypeople.

Rule1:

只起连接作用，本身无意义，

充当任何成分，但

能省略。that不不WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules从属连词

whether例句：1.Whetherpeopleshouldgothereremaintobesettled.

2.Whetherwestillattendthelecturehasnotbeendecided.

Rule2:whether表“

”，

充当任何成分，只起连接作用，但

能省略。是否不不WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules

填空：用

that、whether1.

_____theEarthrevolvesaroundtheSunisawell-establishedscientificfact.2.

___

___hewillattendthemeetingtomorrowisstillunknown.3._____shehadwonthecompetitionsurprisedeveryone.4.

___

___thenewplanwillworkoutwelldependsonourjointefforts.ThatThatWhetherWhetherWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接代词

who例句：1.Whowillbeselectedasthenewstudentcouncilpresidentremainsahottopicamongtheseniors.

Rule3:

意为“谁”，在从句中作

、、。

主语who表语2.Whoyouchoosewillaffectthewholeteam.3.Whoheisdoesn’tmattertome.宾语WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接代词

whoever例句：1.Whoevercomesfirstwillgetafreebook.

Rule6:

指“的任何人”，在从句中作

、、。*区别于who(指代具体的人），whoever表泛指。2.Whoeveryouinvitewillbewelcome.whoever主语宾语3.Whoeverthewinneriswillreceiveagrandprize.表语WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接代词

what例句：1.Whatmattersmostinlifeisnotwealthbuthappiness.

2.Whathesaidatthemeetingyesterdaysuprisiedeveryonepresent.

Rule4:

意为“的东西/事情”，在从句中作

、

、

，

，无范围限定。3.Whattheultimategoalofeducationisremainsahottopic..

what4.Whatbookyouaregoingtobuyisnotimportant.

主语宾语表语定语WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接代词

whatever例句：1.Whateverhappensinthefuturewillnotchangeourdicisiontomoveforward.

2.Whateveryousaysoundsreasonable.

Rule7:

指“...的任何东西/事物”在从句中作

、

、

、

，泛指、无范围限定3.Whateverhisnameisdoesn’tmattertous.

whatever4.Whateverplansshemadefortheholidaysoundwonderful.

主语宾语表语定语WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接代词

which例句：1.Whichofthesethreeoptionalcoursesismostsuitableforusdependsonourcareerplan.

Rule5:

指代特定范围内的人或事物，在从句中作

、宾语、表语、定语意为“（在...中）哪一个/哪一些”。

*

ismostsuitableforusdependsonourcareerplan.Rule5:若句中无明确范围，需用what。Whatwhich

主语WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接代词

whichever例句：1.Whichevermethodyouchoosefromthebookmustbefollowedstrictly.

Rule8:

指“...（特定范围内）的任何一个/任何一些”，在从句中作主语、宾语，表语,

，需要有明确的范围。whichever定语WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules1.

______willbeappointedasthenewheadteacherofourclassisstillamysterytoallofus.A.WhoB.WhomC.WhichD.That2.

______weneedtoimprovemostinourEnglishlearningisourlisteningcomprehension.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whoever3.

______ofthetwonovelsyouchoosetoreadfortheliteratureclasswillhelpyouimproveyourreadingskills.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhicheverD.Whatever4.

______hasagoodknowledgeofcomputersciencecanapplyforthistechnicalposition.A.WhoB.WhomC.WhoeverD.WhicheverWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接副词

when例句：1.Whenthenewsubwaylinewillbeputintooperationisstillunknowntothepublic.Rule9:

意为“

”，在从句中作

状语*区别于时间状语从句，引导主语从句时，不能省略，需要放在句首when什么时候时间WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接副词

whenever例句：1.WheneverwecanfindtimetopracticeoralEnglishisthekeytoimprovingourlanguageskills.Rule13:

译为“...的任何时候”，在从句中作

，语气比when更强烈。whenever时间状语WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接副词

where例句：1.Wherewewillholdtheannualschoolsportsmeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.

Rule10:

意为“在/到哪里”，在从句中作

状语

where地点WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接副词

wherever例句：1.Whereverwecanaccessreliablelearningresourceswillgreatlyaffectourstudyefficiency.

Rule14:意为“

”，在从句中作

状语，语气比where强烈。wherever...的任何地方地点WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接副词

how例句：1.HowimportantitistomasterEnglishgrammarisoftenignoredbysomestudents.

Rule11:

意为“多么，怎么样”，在句子中作

。2.Howwecanbalanceourstudyandextracurricularactivitiesisacommonproblemforseniorstudents.how方式状语WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接副词

however例句：1.Howeverwecansimplifythecomplexexperimentprocedureiswhatourteacherexpectsustofigureout.

Rule15:

意为

“的任何方式”，在句子中作

。however

方式状语WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules连接副词

why例句：1.Whyshemadesuchadecisionremainsapuzzletousall.Rule12:

意为“

”，在从句中作

状语why为什么原因WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules1.

______wewillholdtheinternationalconferencenextyearhasnotbeenannouncedbythegovernmentyet.A.WhenB.WhereC.WhyD.How2.

______theancientcivilizationdisappearedsuddenlyisstillamysterythatarchaeologistsaretryingtosolve.A.WhenB.WhereC.WhyD.How3.

______thenewpolicywasintroducedsohurriedlyhasarousedwidespreadpublicconcernanddebate.A.WhenB.WhereC.WhyD.How4.

______wemeetagainwillbeajoyfuloccasionthatwealllookforwardto.A.WheneverB.WhereverC.HoweverD.WhateverWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules类别例词说明从属连词that,whether两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether表示“是否”。连接代词who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。连接副词when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however在从句中作时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语等成分。WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesit作形式主语句型1：

It+be+形容词+that从句Itisclearthatthegirltoldalie.

It+be+necessary/important/crucial/vital/advisable/urgent+that从句

当形容词表达“必要性、重要性、紧迫性”以及“建议，命令”等含义，从句的谓语动词使用虚拟语气（should)+V原

WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesit作形式主语句型2：It+be+名词(短语)+that从句Itisapitythatyourparentsdidn’tallowyoutogoshopping.

It+be+...suggestion/proposal/advice/demand/order/requirement/request+that从句

当主句的名词是“建议、要求、命令、主张”时，从句使用虚拟语气（should)+V原

WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesit作形式主语句型3：It+be+过去分词+that从句Itisannouncedthattheplanhasbeensuccessfullycarriedout.

It+be+suggested/proposed/required/requested/demanded/ordered/insisted+that

当主句的过去分词是“建议、要求、命令、主张”时，从句使用虚拟语气（should)+V原WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesit作形式主语句型4：It+特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters/occurredto/turnedout/cameout)+

that从句

Itseemsthattheyhavemadethesamemistake.Itcameoutthatsomegovernmentofficialsreceivedmoneyfromthecompany.Itturnedoutthathisbrotherdiedofaheartattack.Itoccurredtohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattend.WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules1.Giventherecentsecurityholes,itisessentialthateveryemployee______anew,complexpasswordimmediately.A.createsB.createC.willcreateD.iscreating2.Lookingattheemptystadiumnow,itseemsstrangethatsuchafamousmatch______heretenyearsago.A.washeldB.beheldC.wouldbeheldD.hadbeenheld3.Intheofficialguidelines,itisrecommendedthatthemedicine______withafullglassofwaterforbestresults.A.istakenB.takesC.betakenD.willbetakenWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules主谓一致1.从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。Thatheislateagain

(suprise)noone.Whethertheyagreeornot

(donot)matter.surprisesdoesn’tWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules主谓一致2.what引导的主语从句，谓语动词的数取决于what在从句中所指代的内容。

若what在从句中作主语，且指代单数意义，则主句谓语用单数。

若what在从句中作主语，且指代复数意义，则主句谓语用复数。Whatweneed

(be)moretime.WhatIwant

(be)details.Whatshesaysanddoes

(be)inspiring.Whatshesaysanddoes

(be)incompletecontradiction.isareisareWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules主谓一致3.当两个主语从句由and连接时，若表示两件事情，谓语常用复数。

Whatcausedtheaccidentandwhowasresponsibleforit

(be)known.areWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesTask4:Fillintheblankswithproperlinkingwordstoformsubjectclauses.1.

learningaforeignlanguagecandevelopstudents’thinkingabilityiswellaccepted.2.

makesTomsoextraordinaryishisrichimaginationandhisabilitytoexpresshimself.3.Itiscommonknowledge

theEarthisnowtheonlyplanetinthesolarsystemsuitabletoliveon.4.Diditeveroccurtoyou

shewastellingawhitelie?5.

wefeelaboutourselvesissometimesaffectedbyotherpeople’sopinions.ThatWhatthatthatHowWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesTask4:Fillintheblankswithproperlinkingwordstoformsubject