Unit 15 Learning同步练习作业（北师大版必修5）

I,完形填空

Wouldyoulikeaburgerorfriedchickenforlunch?Noway!Pleasepassmethesalad_1_.

Hi,mynameisMorganJacobs,andIdecidedtobeavegetarian_2_Iloveallanimals.I

havereadandseenpicturesof_3_happenstoanimalsthatareraisedfortheirmeat.It

makesmeso_4_.Babycowsandchickenslivetheir_5_livesinplacesthataretoosmall

forthem.Theyhaveno6tomoveabout.Thisisso7.Thevsufferanddonotnetto

—8_theirlives.

Idon'tlikeotheranimalsthatalsoonlylivetobe_9_bypeopleendurecrueltreatment

whiletheyarealiveandthe

_1()_theyarekilled.Ifeelsorryforthem.

Thebestthing_11_beingavegetarianisallthetastyandhealthyfoodsIeat.Vegetables

andfruitsarehealthyforyourbody._12_,Ithinktheytastebetterthanmeat.Oranges

havevitaminC.Ilovethe_13_ofwatermelon,peaches,andstrawberries.Green

vegetables_14_mefeelstrong.Ienjoydrinkinglotsofsoymilkto_15_mybones

calcium(钙).

Ihavealifethreateningallergytonuts,seeds,andpeanuts,_16_Ieatsoybuttertogetmy

protein!

I_17_inbeingkindandlovingtopeopleandanimals,beinggoodtotheearth,and

_18_life,includinganimals!

—19—isknowntoall,animalsareourfriends.Weshouldlivein_20—withtheanimals.

Ifwedestroyedtheanimals,wewoulddestroyourselves.

1.A.louB.alsoC.eitherD.ins(ead

【答案与解析】D根据上文的N。Way!判断，作者不吃汉堡和炸鸡，所以选instead”代

替”。

2.A.becauseB.UnlessC.whetherD.while

【答案与解析】A下文谈的是他成为素食主义者的原因，所以用because。

3.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how

【答案与解析】Cwhat引导宾语从句，此处指“发生在动物身上的事情”。

4.A.excitedB.sadC.gladD.happy

【答案与解析】B作者看到有的动物养大后被杀掉，所以“伤心

5.A.shortB.longC.colorfulD.useful

【答案与解析】A此处指的是肉食牛和肉食鸡，所以他们的生命很“短暂”。

6.A.timeB.roomC.needD.problem

【答案与解析】B根据前面的“toosmallforthem”判断，此处应为“空间”。

7.A.cruelB.InterestingC.necessaryD.probable

【答案与解析】A此史指的是肉食牛和鸡，长大了只是为了被宰杀，由此推测此处为“残

忍的”。

8.A.likeB.hateC.enjoyD.love

【答案与解析】Cenjoytheirlives"享受生活

9.A.playedB.eatenC.watchedD.fed

【答案与解析】B根据下文的theyarekilled判断，此处应为“被吃掉”。

10.A.styleB.roadC.wayD.type

【答案与解析】Cway”方式%此处指这些动物被屠杀的方式。

11.A.inB.atC.toD.about

【答案与解析】Dabout”关于。此处意为“有关于成为素食主义者最好的事情……

12.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.Therefore

【答案与解析】A该句是对上文意思更进一步的描述，所以用besides“此外”。

13.A.smellB.colorC.sizeD.taste

【答案与解析】D此处指后面提到的这些东西的“味道”。

14.forceB.makeC.causeD.get

【答案与解析】B根据后面不带to的动词不定式判断，要用make。

15.A.leaveB.lakeC.bringD.give

【答案与解析】Dgive可接双宾语，此处意为“给骨骼补充钙质。

16.A.soB.butC.yetD.or

【答案与解析】A根据语意看，上下文为因果关系，所以用so。

17.A.believeB.ThinkC.considerD.imagine

【答案与解析】Abelievein“信仰

18.A.inspectingB.RespectingC.expectingD.inspiring

【答案与解析】B作者是个素食主义者，他不愿意看到动物被屠杀，因此号召人们“尊

重”生命。

19.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which

【答案与解析】Cas引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。

20.A.harmonyB.MemoryC.termsD.search

【答案与解析】Ainharmonywith“与...相和谐”。人类和动物应该“和谐相处”。

II.单项填空

21.ThestoryisaboutlifeofObama,whois44thPresidentoftheUnited

StatesofAmerica.

A.a;theB.a;aC.the;theD.the;a

【答案与解析】C考查冠词。题意：这个故事是关于美国第44任总统奥巴马生活的「life

ofObama”是特指的，所以要用the：表示“第……”，需要在序数词前加定冠词the,因此答

案为C项。

22.（2011浙江温州十校高三上学期联考）Hehadaburningtowinbackthe

teachjer*sconfidenceinhim.

A.desireB.feelingC.emotionD.impression

【答案与解析】A考查词汇辨析。desire"要求；愿望"；feeling“感情”；emotion“情感”;

impression“印象”。题意：他有强烈的愿望去赢回老师对他的信心“burning“强烈的”.

23.（2010福州高三模拟）Aredskyinthemorningtobeasignof*badweather.

A.saysB.issayingC.hassaidD.issaid

【答案与解析】D此句也可说成"Itissaidthataredskyinthemorningisasignofbad

weather”。题意：据说早晨的红色的天空是坏天气的征兆。

24.（2010福建质检）Doestheworkanyeffectyourfamilylife?

A.make;unB.have;un

C.make;inD.have;in

【答案与解析】B考查动词短语。haveaneffecton...“对...有影响”。题意：工作对你

的家庭生活有影响吗？

25.（2010石家庄调研）ItissaidthatZhangjiajieavisit.

A.observesB.reservesC.deservesD.preserves

【答案与解析】C考言词义辨析。observe”观察；遵守；庆祝"；reserve”保留；预留”;

sth“不能帮助做某事，题意：她不能帮助打扫房子因为她正在忙着做蛋糕。

31.Wehereatlunchtime;weweredelayedattheairport,though.

A.couldbeB.shouldbe

C.musthavebeenD.wouldhavebeen

【答案与解析】D考查虚拟语气。题意：我们本来能够在午饭时间到达的，但是我们在

机场耽搁了。此处隐含着对过去的假设，后半句才是过去的事实。

32.“Idon'tthinkit*smythattheTVblewup.Ijustturnediton,that'salbsaid

theboy.

A.errorB.mistakeC.faultD.duty

【答案与解析】C考查易混名词辨析。duty“值日”明显与题意不符，可先排除；error,

mistake和fault都可意为“错误％但用法不同。error的使用范围较窄，常指在计算、书写

等过程中出现的差错：mistake范:围较宽，可指各种错误：fault通常指人的“过失、过错”。

题意：男孩说“电视爆炸了不是我的过错。我不过是把它打开了而已。”

33.Lastyearthenumberofdeathincreased2%〜5%theyearbefore

last.

A.to;comparingtoB.to;comparingwith

C.by;tocomparewithD.by;comparedwith

【答案与解析】D题意：和前年相比，去年死亡率增加幅度是2%〜5%.考查动词与

介词的搭配和分词短语在句子中作状语的用法。compareto/with在句中作状语，如果与它

的逻辑主语之间为被动关系，必须用过去分词。

34.Asisknowntoall,ablockoficewillifitisexposedtoheat.

A.increaseB.cutC.decreaseD.lower

【答案与解析】C考查词汇辨析。题意：众所周知，对一块冰加热，它就会变小。

increase“增加cul“消减”；decrease“变小；缩小、lueer“降低”(>

35.—Didheadmitforwhathe'ddone?

A.NowonderB.Welldone

C.NotreallyD.Goahead

【答案与解析】C考查情景交际。nowonder"不足为奇；难怪"；welldone“做得好”;

notreally"事实上没有”；goahead“做吧根据题怠选择C项。

in.阅读理解

AThelightsdimmed>themusicalhallgrewquietandoutwalkedtheconductor（指挥）shiny

andwhiteand4feetand3inchestall.

ASIMO,arobotdesignedbyHondaMotorCo.,metitslatestchallengeIhesdayevening:

ConductingtheDetroitSymphony（底特律交响乐团）,inaperformanceof“TheImpossible

Dream”from“ManofLaMancha”.

MHello,everyone,"ASIMOsaidtotheaudienceinachildlikevoice,thenwavedtothe

orchestra.Asitconducted,itperfectlymimicked（模仿）theactionsofaconductor,

noddingitsheadatvarioussectionsandgesturingwithoneorbothhands.ASIMOtooka

finalbowtoexcitedshoutsfromtheaudience.Later,cellistYo—YoMajoinedASIMO

onstagetoreceiveanawardforhiseffortsinmusiceducation.

HondaspokeswomanAliciaJonessaysitisthefirsttimeASIMOhasconductedanorchestra,

anditmaybethefirsttimeanyrobothasconductedaliveperformance.ButASIMOhasits

limits.ASIMO*sengineersprogrammedtherobottomimicCharlesBurke,theDetroit

Symphony'seducationdirector,asheconductedthepieceinfrontofapianistaboutsix

monthsago.Butitcan*trespondtothemusicians.

“It'snotacommunicativedevice.Itsimplyisprogrammedtodoasetofgestures,”said

LeonardSlatkin,theorchestra'smusicaldirector."Iftheorchestradecidestogofaster,

there'snothingtherobotcandoaboutit.Hopefully,Ikeepthatundercontrol."

ButseveralmusiciansalsosaidASIMOwasmorerealisticthantheyexpected."The

movementsarestillalittlestiff（僵硬的）,butveryhumanlike,muchbetterthanIthought,“

Hutchinsonsaid.

36.VVhafstheaudience'sresponsetoASIMO*sperformance?

A.Disappuinled.B.Moved.

C.Excited.D.Astonished.

【答案与解析】C推断题。根据第3段中“ASIMOtookafinalbowtoexcitedshoutsfrom

theaudience”可推知，观众们对机器人ASIMO的指挥感到非常兴奋。

37.WhoseconductingwasASIMOmadetocopy?

A.Yo-YoMa's.B.CharlesBurke,s.

C.LeonardSlatkin's.D.AliciaJones's.

【答案与解析】B细节题。根据第4段“AS1MOKengineersprogrammedtherobotto

mimicCharlesBurke”可知，机器人ASIMO模仿的是CharlesBurke的指挥。

38.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatASIMO.

A.wasdesignedandtrainedbyYo—YoMa

B.cancommunicatewiththeaudiencefreely

C.onlyperformsaccordingtothedesignedprograms

D.canchangeitsconductingstylefreely

【答案与解析】C细节题。根据第5段LeonardSlatkin的话可以看出，ASIMO只是

一个不具备交际能力的机器，它只能按设定好的程序完成一套动作。

39.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.DetroitSymphonygivesagoodperformance

B.HondarobotconductsDetroitSymphony

C.”TheImpossibleDreamMfromDetroitSymphony

D.CooperationbetweenHondaandDetroitSymphony

【答案与解析】B主旨题.仝文主要讲述了本田公司的机器人ASIMO成功指挥底特律

交响乐团的演出，B项紧扣中心，可作题目。

B

Ifyou'vebeenjoininginchatroomconversations,ortradingc-mailswithnetpals(网友),

youhavebecomeoneofthemillionswhowriteinaspecial,shortformofEnglish.

Throughouttheworld,everynightchildrenandtheireldersare“talking“online-manyof

themaretalkingal(hesamelime.

It'sfast:tryingtalkingtosixpeopleonce.It'sconvenient:threeorfourwordsperexchange.

Ittakescleverness,concentrationandquickfingers.

Anditrequiresverysimplelanguage.There'sneithertimenorspaceforexplanations.Why

wastevaluabletimetellingsixfriendsyouhavetoleaveforamomenttotakecareofyour

littlebrotherwhenBRB(berightback)willdo?

Wanttoenteraconversation?JusttypeEMFJ1(pardonmeforjumpingin).

Interestedinwhomyou'retalkingto?TypeA/S/L,thenearlyuniversalrequesttoknowyour

pal'sage,sexandlocation.Youmayget15/M/NYasareplyfromyourpal.

Ifsomethingmakesyoulaugh,sayyou'reOTF(onthefloor),orLOL(laughingoutloud),or

jointhetwointoROTFL(rollingonthefloorlaughing).

Andwhenit*stimetogetbacktoworkorgotobed,youtypeGTG(gottogo)orTTYL(talk

toyoulater).

Peoplewanttowriteasfastaspossible,andtheywanttogettheirideasacrossasquicklyas

theycan.Capitallettersareleftinthedust,exceptwhenexpressingfeeling,asittakesmore

timetoholddownthe“Shift"keyandusecapitals.Punctuation(标点)isgoingtoo.

40.Whenpeopleareonline,theytalkby.

A.usingbodylanguage

B.drawingsomestrangepictures

C.makingphonecalls

D.makinguseofanespeciallyshortformofEnglish

【答案与解析】D细节题。从第1段可知网友们在聊天时常用省略形式。

41.TheunderlinedsentenceinPara.4meansthat.

A.peopleshouldusewordsproperly

B.peopleshouldknowwhattimeitiswhentheyaretalking

C.peopleonlinehavetoexpressthemselvesinasimpleway

D.peopleshouldcommunicateijiafunnyway

【答案与解析】C细节题。根据本段的第1句和最后一句可以推断此句的意思是“人们

在网上常用很简洁的方式表达自己的意思”。

42.Ifyouget17/F/NYasananswertoyourA/S/L,itmeans.

A.thepeopleuntheotherendis17fromNewYurkandheisfine

B.youaretalkingtoagirlwhois17andlivesinNewYork

C.youaretalkingto17girlswhoarefromNewYork

D.thepeopleyouaretalkingtoisa17—foottallNewYorkgirl

【答案与解析】B细节题。从“TypeA/S/L,thenearlyuniversalrequesttoknowyoupal's

age,sexandlocation”可打“A/S/L”是“age,sexandlocation”的缩写。

43.Whichofthefollowingisawaytosaveonlinetime?

A.Peopleseldomusecapitallettersorpunctuationmarks.

B.Manypeopledrawpictures.

C.Peopleonlyusethemouseinsteadofthekeyboard.

D.PeopleneverusethewShiff,key.

【答案与解析】A推断题。最后一段代inthedust”意思是“丢在脑后”。按下“Shift”

键键入大写字母太费时间，因此聊友常常不使用大写字母，标点符号也省掉了。

C

ComeOctoberandeverybodyisbusymakingChristmasplans.Themostimportantthing

otherthanmakingdecisionsonbuyinggiftsisdecoratingyourChristmastree.

DecoratingChristmastreesinvolveseverymemberinthefamilytocontributeanddo

whatevertheycantohelpwiththedecorations.DecoratingChristmastreesisafun

activitythateveryoneinthefamilyenjoysdoing.Therefore,forinnovative（仓U新的）ideas,it

isbesttogetthewholefamilytogetherafterdinnerandhaveabrainstorming

sessionfornewideas.Childrenarereallyinnovativeandcancomeupwithgreatsuggestions.

Wellherearesomeadditionalideasthatcanbebeneficialandhelpyoucreatethatnewlook

foryourChristmastreethisyean

Fordecorativepurposesitisbetterthatyougetanartificialtree.Selectauniquethemeand

lookforideastocreateyourowndecorations.TheInternetisagoodsourceforuniqueideas

andthemes.Goinforlightdecorationsthataretrulydifferent.Startyourshoppingearlyto

lookforthosespeciallightsespeciallyatyourlocalstores.Youcanevenhaveapersonalized

Christmastreethemewhereyouhaveallyourfamilymembers*photoshung

fromvariousbranches.Hangoutoftheworlddecorativepiecesthattrulystandout.Search

fortheseatyourlocalstoreorevenyouratticwhereyouaresuretofindsomeofthoselong

forgottendecorativepiece*thathavebeenhandeddowntoyoubyyourgrandmother.You

canevenusedriedflowersormakesomeofyourownartificialflowersasdecorations.

Ifyoufeelyoucannotcomeupwithanygreatideas,thereisnoreasontoworry.The

Internetisfullofthem.Makeathoroughsearchandyouaresuretofindagoodidea.You

canthentryinnovatingonthatideabymakingyourownuniquedecorations.Enjoy

yourself!

44.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthepassage?

A.ProcesstocelebrateChristmas.

B.WaystodecorateChristmastrees.

C.PlacestobuyChristmasgifts.

D.Get-togetherforfamilymembers.

【答案与解析】B主旨题。通读全文可以看出，文章主要讲述了装饰圣诞树的方法。

45.Whydoestheauthorsuggestgettingchildreninvolvedinthedecoration?

A.BecausetheylikeChristmasverymuch.

B.Becausetheywishtogetmoregifts.

C.Becausetheycancomeupwithnewideas.

D.Becausetheyaremoreinnovative.

【答案与解析】C细节题。根据第2段“Childrenarereallyinnovativeandcancomeup

withgreatsuggestions”可知，孩子们有一些奇妙的想法c

46.InordertomakeChristinastreethemepersonalized,youcan.

A.hangphotosofyourfamilymembersonthebranches

B.getanartificialtreefromthelocalshop

C.hangsomecoloredlightsonitfromhome

D.uselongforgottendecorativepiecesintheattic

【答案与解析】A细节题s根据"YoucanevenhaveapersonalizedChristmastreetheme

whereyouhaveallyourfamilymembers'photoshungfromvariousbranches”判断。

47.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.

A.nothingismoreimportantthandecoratingtheChristmastree

B.freshflowersisthebestchoicetodecoratetheChristmastree

C.mostofthepeopleshoptheirChristmastree_ontheInternet

D.peoplebeginmakingpreparaliunsforChristmaslungbefureilbegins

【答案与解析】D推断题。从文章的第1句看，从十月份人们就开始制订圣诞节的计划,

由此可以推断“人们早在圣诞节到来前就开始做准备”。

D

Childrenaregettingsofatthattheymaybethefirstgenerationtodiebeforetheirparents,

anexpertsays.

Today'syoungpeoplewillbeaffectedbypotential（潜在的）killerssuchasheartdisease

becauseoftheirweight.Fattyfast-fooddietscombinedwiththelifestyleswithtelevisions

andcomputerscouldmeankidswilldieyoung,saysProfessorAndrewPrentice,fromthe

LondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicine.Atthesametime,theshapeofthehuman

bodyisgoingthroughagreatchangebecauseadultsaregettingsofat.

HereinBritain,thelatestresearchshowsthattheaveragewaistsizeforamanis36〜38

inchesandmaybe42〜44inchesby2O32.Thiscompareswithonly32.6inchesin1972.

Women'swaistshavegrownfromanaverageof22inchesinthe1920sto24inchesinthe

1950sand30inchesnow.Oneofthemajorreasonswhychildrennowareatgreaterriskis

thatwearegettingfatteryoungerIntheUKalone,morethanonemillionunder16years

oldarethought

tobeoverweightorfat-doublethenumberinthe1980s.Oneintenoffour—year—oldsare

alsomedicallysaidtobeobese.

TheobesitywhichstartedintheUS,hasnowspreadtoEurope,Australia,CentralAmerica

andtheMiddleEast.Manynationsnowrecordmorethan20percentoftheirpopulationas

obeseandwelloverhalfofthepopulationasoverweight.

ProfessorPrenticesaysthechangeinourshapehasbeencausedbyhigh-energyfoods

combinedwithadramatic（急剧的）dropintheenergyweuseasaresultoftechnology

developments.

Heisnotaloneinhisconcern.Onlylastweekonemedicalmagazinerevealedhowobesity

wasfuellingariseincancercases.Obesityalsoincreasestheriskfactorforheartdiseaseand

soon.Anaveragelyobeseperson'slifespan（寿命）isshortenedbyaroundnineyearswhilea

seriouslyobesepersonbymuchmore.

ProfessorPrenticesays,

MSo_will_parents_live_longer_thaii_lheir_children,_as_an_Aiiierican_obesily_experl_!iaid_r

ecently?”

“Theanswerisyes—andno.,,Yes,whenmostchildrenbecomeobese.No,becausethisisnow

becominganalarminglyseriousproblemintheUS.“Suchchildrenwillhaveagreatly

reducedqualityoflifeonbothbodyandmind.”

Sosay“No"tosandwichesandhamburgers.

48.Fromthesecondparagraph,weknowthat.

A.heartdiseaseiscausedbypeople'sweight

B.badlivinghabitsmakechildrendieyoung

C.increasingweightcouldkillyoungpeople

D.adultsknowhowtochangetheirshapeofbody

【答案与解析】C细节题。从第2段第1句话可知由于肥胖引起了许多疾病，成为年轻

人的健康杀手。

49.AccordingtoProfessorPrentice,peoplebecomefatterbecause.

A.theenergypeopletakeinismorethantheyneed

B.hightechnologymakespeopleuselessenergy

C.foodcontainstoomuchenergy

D.peopleliketoeatfastfood

【答案与解析】A椎断题。从第5段可知ProfessorPrentice认为现代人体形的急剧改

变主要是因为摄入的能量多于消耗的能量。

50.Fortheunderlinedquestion,theanswer“no”suggests.

A.childrenshouldrefusefast-fooddiets

B.children'sobesityisbecomingmoreandmoreserious

C.Americanshaverealizedthebadconsequenceoftheobesity

D.thegovernmentshouldcallonfatpeopletoloseweightassoonaspossible

【答案与解析】C推断题。由文中“No,becausethisisnowbecominganalarmingly

seriousproblemintheUS”可知答。案。

W,短文改错（2010西北工大附中第四次适应性训练）

Iwatch