考前押题06 概要写作题(期末专项训练) （解析版）

1/1考前押题06概要写作题(期末专项训练)话题1社会与自我话题4研究与发现话题2生活与健康话题5生态与自然话题3学校与教育话题6社会与服务话题1社会与自我Passage1FunctionsofaSpeechTheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingcompliment,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.Overthepastyears,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsofwhatwascertainlyastormytime.Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreunitingdifferentpointsofview.WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.Inspirationalspeecheschallengetheemotions.Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople'shearts.Duringwars,generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.Theinformationmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingway.InformativespeechesfromWorldHealthOrganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicundercontrolsotheycouldtakesensibleprotection.Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna'sspeechaboutMichaelJackson,afterhisdeath,highlightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.It'snotonlyinworldmeetingswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyourlanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe'rebornwith.Forabrilliantspeech,therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse.Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onnoaccountcanweignorethepowerofthespeech.First,speechesplayaveryimportantroleinpersuadingorinspiringbyencouragingfirmeractionandchallengingtheemotions.Second,notonlydoinformativespeechesconveyknowledgebutalsoenhanceunderstanding.What’smore,amourningspeechcanbecomforting.Onapersonallevel,itishighlyrecommendedthatyouamuseothersandcheerthemupwithaspeech.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以“演讲的功能”为题，主要介绍了演讲的说服或激励功能，以及告知、赞美、娱乐，和简单地介绍某人或某事以及接受某事的功能。【详解】1要点摘录①Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingcompliment,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.②Persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.Inspirationalspeecheschallengetheemotions.③Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.④Aspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.⑤Apersonalspeechwillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.2.缜密构思将1、4、5要点进行简化重组,2、3要点合并。3.遣词造句Onnoaccountcanweignorethepowerofthespeech.Speechesplayaveryimportantroleinpersuadingorinspiringbyencouragingfirmeractionandchallengingtheemotions.Notonlydoinformativespeechesconveyknowledgebutalsoenhanceunderstanding.Amourningspeechcanbecomforting.Itishighlyrecommendedthatyouamuseothersandcheerthemupwithapersonalspeech.【点睛】[高分句型1]Onnoaccountcanweignorethepowerofthespeech.运用了部分倒装且概括性强。[高分句型2]：Speechesplayaveryimportantroleinpersuadingorinspiringbyencouragingfirmeractionandchallengingtheemotions.用by+doingsth.作方式状语。[高分句型3]：Itishighlyrecommendedthatyouamuseothersandcheerthemupwithapersonalspeech.用一个复杂的主从复合句概括倒数第二段内容。其中that引导主语从句、且从句中运用了虚拟语气。Passage2Doyoueverfeellikenomatterhowmuchyoueat,youarestillnotfull?Youmaybesufferingfromaconditionknownas“brainhunger.”Thisoccurswhenthedopaminesignalinginyourbrainisdamaged,makingitdifficultforyourbodytorecognizewhenithashadenoughfood.Whataretheunderlyingcausesofbrainhunger?Geneticscanplayarole.ResearchhasshownthatthedopaminereceptorD4genemayberesponsibleforregulatingcognitivefunctionsrelatedtoeatingbehaviorandbodyweight.Somepeoplehavethisgenevariationthatdoesnotallowforanormaldopaminereleaseinresponsetothingsthattypicallywouldbringjoyandpleasure,includingfood.Thismeansthatthoseindividualswon’tgetthesame“high”feelingtheywouldnormallyexperiencewheneating.Obesityisalsolinkedtobrainhunger.Brainscansofobeseindividualsshowchangesindopaminesignalingpathwayswhichcanleadtolessrecognitionofthefeelingofbeingfullevenafterameal.Whileitisstillunclearwhetherobesityorgeneticsistheprimarycontributortobrainhunger,onethingiscertain:losingweightaloneisnotenoughforthoseaffected.Studiesshowthatcertainareasofthebrainresponsibleforsensingfullnessdonotchangeevenwithweightloss,whichcouldleadtocontinuedhungerandweightregain.So,whatcamefirst:geneticsorobesitythatcausethisbrainsignalingchange?Itispossiblethatifsomeonehasagenetictendencytobeaffectedbythisabnormaldopaminesignaling,anenvironmentaltriggercanstartaseriesofbrainhungerwhichbringsaboutovereating.Itisalsoimportanttopracticemindfuleatingandpayattentiontohungercuestobeginperceivingthefeelingofbeingfull.Brainhungercanbeanuncomfortableandfrustratingcondition,butitispossibletomanagethroughacombinationoftreatments.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thepassagesummarizestheconceptof“brainhunger”,causedbydamageddopaminesignalinginthebrain.Itexploresgenetic(dopaminereceptorD4gene)andobesity-relatedfactors,notingthatweightlossaloneisinsufficient.Itemphasizestheimportanceof

mindfuleatingandhungercuestosensesatietywithacomprehensivecombinationoftreatmentsformanagement.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述“脑饥饿”现象，即因大脑多巴胺信号受损导致身体难以感知饱腹感。其成因可能涉及遗传（多巴胺受体D4基因变异）与肥胖，但二者何为首要因素尚不清楚。减肥对改善脑饥饿效果有限，需综合治疗并注重饮食意识。【详解】1要点摘录①Youmaybesufferingfromaconditionknownas“brainhunger.”Thisoccurswhenthedopaminesignalinginyourbrainisdamaged,makingitdifficultforyourbodytorecognizewhenithashadenoughfood.②Geneticscanplayarole.ResearchhasshownthatthedopaminereceptorD4genemayberesponsibleforregulatingcognitivefunctionsrelatedtoeatingbehaviorandbodyweight.③Whileitisstillunclearwhetherobesityorgeneticsistheprimarycontributortobrainhunger,onethingiscertain:losingweightaloneisnotenoughforthoseaffected.④Itispossiblethatifsomeonehasagenetictendencytobeaffectedbythisabnormaldopaminesignaling,anenvironmentaltriggercanstartaseriesofbrainhungerwhichbringsaboutovereating.Itisalsoimportanttopracticemindfuleatingandpayattentiontohungercuestobeginperceivingthefeelingofbeingfull.2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Themainfocusofthisarticleisthephenomenonof“brainhunger”,whichoccurswhenthedopaminesignalinginthebrainisdamaged,makingitdifficultforthebodytoperceiveasenseoffullness.Itscausesmayinvolvegenetics(mutationsinthedopaminereceptorD4gene)andobesity,butitisunclearwhichofthetwoistheprimaryfactor.Weightlosshaslimitedeffectivenessinimprovingbrainhunger,andcomprehensivetreatmentalongwithafocusondietaryawarenessisrequired.【点睛】[高分句型1]Thepassagesummarizestheconceptof“brainhunger”,causedbydamageddopaminesignalinginthebrain.运用过去分词作状语的结构，表达高级。[高分句型2]：Itexploresgenetic(dopaminereceptorD4gene)andobesity-relatedfactors,notingthatweightlossaloneisinsufficient.运用现在分词作状语以及that引导宾语从句的结构，表达高级。[高分句型3]：Itemphasizestheimportanceofmindfuleatingandacombinationoftreatmentsformanagement.运用了名词的并列结构以及介词短语作状语的结构，表达高级。话题2生活与健康Passage1Thesedaysoursocietydevelopsrapidlyandforcespeopletorush.Itappearsthatpeoplehavegotusedtobeinginahurry.However,itisbetterforpeopletotaketheirtimeandlivetheirlifeataslowerpacethantohurrytogetthingsdone.Themainreasonthatconvincesustoopposedoingworkinahurryisthepossibilityofdoingwrongsinarush.Whenpeopledotheirjobsortakeactionsinahurry,theycannotmakeasounddecisionandprobablyregretlater.Asthesayinggoes,“Hastemakeswaste.”Weshouldthinkcarefullybeforemakingadecisionanddoourworklessquickly.Weshouldnotmakemistakesbydoingworkhurriedly.Slowingdownthepaceoflifehelpspeopleenjoytheirlifebetter.Forexample,takingatraintosomeplacecertainlywilltakemoretimethantakingaplane.However,takingatrainmakespeoplehaveenoughtimetogettoknowalotofnewfriends.Besides,itallowspeopletofullyenjoythebeautifulsceneryalongtheway.Onthecontrary,beinginahurrywillmakeuslosechancesinenjoyingourlife.Finally,slowerlifepaceprovidesbetterhealthyconditionsforus.Asisknowntoall,takingactionsinahurrybotherspeopleandraisestheirstress.Peoplethinkiftheyarenotinahurry,theywillbecomealoserandthatannoysthem.Beinginahurrycanhurtpeoplebothphysicallyandmentally.Accordingtosomestudies,peoplewhohaveaslowerpacesufferfewerdiseases,tendtobehappierandlivemuchlongerthanthosewhoselifeistense,eveniftheformerfinishjobsmoreslowlythanthelatter.Inshort,workingquicklywillbringaboutmorematerialbenefitstomakeoursocietymoreadvanced.However,muchstresscan’tbringenjoyment,friendsandhealth,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmoneyandothermaterialadvantages.Therefore,takeyourtimeandliveyourlifeataslowerpace._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Tolivelifeataslowerpaceisbetterthantolivelifeinahurrybecausedoingthingshurriedlywillleadtothepossibleofmakingmistakes.Moreover,slowingdownthepaceoflifewillgivepeoplemorechancestoenjoylifeandbetterhealthconditions,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmaterialthingsworkingquicklybrings.【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先提出了观点，即人们应该放慢生活节奏，而不是急于完成事情。接着，作者通过列举三个主要理由来支持这一观点：一是匆忙工作可能导致错误决策和后悔；二是放慢生活节奏有助于人们更好地享受生活；三是较慢的生活节奏为人们提供了更好的健康条件。最后，作者总结指出，虽然快速工作能带来更多的物质利益，但压力无法带来快乐、朋友和健康，这些比金钱和其他物质优势更重要。因此，人们应该放慢脚步，以较慢的节奏生活。【详解】1.要点摘录①However,itisbetterforpeopletotaketheirtimeandlivetheirlifeataslowerpacethantohurrytogetthingsdone.②Weshouldnotmakemistakesbydoingworkhurriedly.③Slowingdownthepaceoflifehelpspeopleenjoytheirlifebetter.④Finally,slowerlifepaceprovidesbetterhealthyconditionsforus.⑤Inshort,workingquicklywillbringaboutmorematerialbenefitstomakeoursocietymoreadvanced.⑥However,muchstresscan’tbringenjoyment,friendsandhealth,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmoneyandothermaterialadvantages.2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组整合，将第3、4、5、6两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Tolivelifeataslowerpaceisbetterthantolivelifeinahurrybecausedoingthingshurriedlywillleadtothepossibleofmakingmistakes.Moreover,slowingdownthepaceoflifewillgivepeoplemorechancestoenjoylifeandbetterhealthconditions,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmaterialthingsworkingquicklybrings.【点睛】[高分句型1]Tolivelifeataslowerpaceisbetterthantolivelifeinahurrybecausedoingthingshurriedlywillleadtothepossibleofmakingmistakes.(运用了动词不定式作主语及because引导的原因状语从句)[高分句型2]Moreover,slowingdownthepaceoflifewillgivepeoplemorechancestoenjoylifeandbetterhealthconditions,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmaterialthingsworkingquicklybrings.(运用了动名词作主语及which引导的非限制性定语从句)Passage2Theroleofsiblings(兄弟姐妹)It’scommonknowledgethatthefamilyachildgrowsupinhasahugeinfluenceonthechild’sattitudes,beliefsandmentalhealth.Peopleusuallythinkthatthechild’sparentsareresponsibleforthisinfluence,butrelationshipswithbrothersandsistersarejustasimportant.Siblingsprovidechildrenwithauniqueopportunitytopracticeinteractingwiththeirpeers,ratherthanauthorityfigures.Althoughfriendshipscanhavesimilareffects,relationshipswithsiblingsoffersomeuniqueadvantages.Duringchildhood,siblingsseeeachothereverydayandspendmoretimewitheachotherthanwithanyoneelse,sharingexperiencesthatlastalltheirlives.Siblingsarealsoforcedtopersevereintheirrelationshipswitheachothereveniftheyhaveafallingout.Thisforceschildrentopracticeconflictresolutionskillssincetheycannotleavethefamilialrelationship,astheycouldwithafriend.Butasiblingrelationshipalsooffersasafeplacetodiscussdifficulttopicswithoutfearofabandonment.Moreover,oldersiblingsoftenteachtheiryoungerbrothersandsistersaboutlife.Theycanconveyusefulskillsandadvice,buttheycanalsosetbadexamples,leadingtheiryoungersiblingstodothingsthatarewrongorfoolish.Oncechildrengrowup,theydonotseetheirsiblingsasoftenasbeforesincetheyusuallynolongerlivetogether.Maintainingsiblingrelationshipsnowtakeswork,andifsiblingsdonotgetalong,theycanavoideachother.Butmanysiblingrelationshipsimproveinyoungadulthoodasthesiblingsmature.Sometimesthedistancehelpssiblingsenjoyeachother’scompanywhentheydomeet.Relationshipsbetweensiblingsvarydependingontheagesandpersonalitiesofthechildreninvolved.Eventhebestsiblingrelationshipsinvolvesomedisagreements,butastrongrelationshipcansurvivesuchconflicts.Consideringtheroleofsiblingsthroughoutourlives,it’scriticaltotakethetimetocultivatepositiverelationshipswithsiblings.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Growingupwithsiblingspromotestheabilitytogetalongwithpeers.Siblingsshapeeachother.Inchildhood,theysharelifeunderthesamesaferoof,acquiringconflict-handlingskillstogether,witholdersiblingsoftenguiding.Adultsiblingsmeetless,butrelationshipsoftenimprove.Siblingrelationshipsarediverse,andit'simportanttodevelopapositiveone.(55words)【导语】这是一篇说明文。和兄弟姐妹一起长大可以提高与同龄人相处的能力。兄弟姐妹互相影响。在童年时期，他们在同一个安全的屋檐下生活，一起学习处理冲突的技能，通常由哥哥姐姐指导。成年兄弟姐妹见面较少，但关系往往会改善。兄弟姐妹的关系是多种多样的，发展积极的关系很重要。【详解】1.要点摘录①Siblingsprovidechildrenwithauniqueopportunitytopracticeinteractingwiththeirpeers,ratherthanauthorityfigures.②Duringchildhood,siblingsseeeachothereverydayandspendmoretimewitheachotherthanwithanyoneelse,sharingexperiencesthatlastalltheirlives.③Siblingsarealsoforcedtopersevereintheirrelationshipswitheachothereveniftheyhaveafallingout.Thisforceschildrentopracticeconflictresolutionskillssincetheycannotleavethefamilialrelationship,astheycouldwithafriend.Butasiblingrelationshipalsooffersasafeplacetodiscussdifficulttopicswithoutfearofabandonment.Moreover,oldersiblingsoftenteachtheiryoungerbrothersandsistersaboutlife.Theycanconveyusefulskillsandadvice,buttheycanalsosetbadexamples,leadingtheiryoungersiblingstodothingsthatarewrongorfoolish.④Oncechildrengrowup,theydonotseetheirsiblingsasoftenasbeforesincetheyusuallynolongerlivetogether.Maintainingsiblingrelationshipsnowtakeswork,andifsiblingsdonotgetalong,theycanavoideachother.Butmanysiblingrelationshipsimproveinyoungadulthoodasthesiblingsmature.⑤Relationshipsbetweensiblingsvarydependingontheagesandpersonalitiesofthechildreninvolved⑥Consideringtheroleofsiblingsthroughoutourlives,it’scriticaltotakethetimetocultivatepositiverelationshipswithsiblings.2.缜密构思将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4、要点进行分说，5、6进行总结3.遣词造句Growingupwithsiblingspromotestheabilitytogetalongwithpeers.Siblingsshapeeachother.Inchildhood,theysharelifeunderthesamesaferoof,acquiringconflict-handlingskillstogether,witholdersiblingsoftenguiding.Adultsiblingsmeetless,butrelationshipsoftenimprove.Siblingrelationshipsarediverse,andit'simportanttodevelopapositiveone【点睛】[高分句型1]Inchildhood,theysharelifeunderthesamesaferoof,acquiringconflict-handlingskillstogether,witholdersiblingsoftenguiding.（运用了现在分词作状语）[高分句型2]Siblingrelationshipsarediverse,andit’simportanttodevelopapositiveone.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语）话题3学校与教育Passage1LighttheCitiesoftheFutureApreviouslyunlitcyclepathintheNetherlandshasrecentlydrawnourattention.Ithasbeenresurfacedwithamaterialthatconsistsofthousandsofshiningstonesinordertocreateawell-litroute.TheVanGoghPath,socalledaftertheartistwholivedinthetownofNuenenin1883,combinesthetraditionalwiththecontemporaryinagesturethatacknowledgeledgesVanGingh’masterpieceTheStarryNight,butalsoshowsthewayaheadforcitylighting.TheVanGoghPathisnotasinglecase;itisnotdifficulttoforeseeatimewhennaturalmaterialscouldhelplightthecitiesofthefuture.Whyshouldwecareaboutcitylighting?What’swrongwithcurrentelectricalcitylightinganyway?Well,theproblemthatitcausesistwo-fold.First,ofcourse,electricallightinginmostcitiescomesfromnon-renewableresources.AccordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency,almost20%ofglobalelectricityisconsumedforlighting,whichisresponsibleforhighlevelsofcarbonemissions.Butthere’salsothebeliefthatelectricallightitselfisaformofpollutionbydestroyingourviewofthenightsky.Fromtheabovereasons,then,itseemswisetoinvestigateotherapproaches.ThecityofGlasgowisattemptingtouseintelligentstreetlightingtomonitorhowcitizensinteractwiththeurbanlandscapeandminimizeelectricalconsumptionandthusemissions.This“SmartCityapproach”isseenbymanyasthewayofthefuture,butsomedesignersaren’tconvinced.Theyarepioneeringthealtogethermoreoriginalapproachofusingmaterialsfromthenaturalworldinordertoreplaceelectricallightentirely.Theybelievethatthisnew“technology”canonedaycompletelyreplacemicrochipsanddigitalsystemsaswefindbetterwaysofmakinguseofthelight-producingmechanisms(制)thatalreadyexistinthenaturalworld.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ThepassagediscussestheinnovationincitylightingbyintroducingtheVanGoghPathintheNetherlands,whichusesluminousstonesforillumination.Ithighlightstheenvironmentalandaestheticissueswithcurrentelectricallightingandexploresalternativessuchasintelligentstreetlightingandnaturalmaterialstocreateamoresustainableandvisuallyappealingurbanenvironment.【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先介绍了荷兰一条新铺设的发光自行车道——梵高之路，它使用了数千颗发光石来照明，以此引出城市照明的未来趋势。接着，文章讨论了当前城市照明存在的问题，包括能源消耗和光污染，并提出了智能街道照明和利用自然材料作为替代方案。最后，文章展望了这些新技术可能完全取代现有微芯片和数字系统的未来。【详解】1要点摘录①TheVanGoghPathintheNetherlandshasbeenresurfacedwithluminousstonestocreateawell-litroute.②Electricallightinginmostcitiescomesfromnon-renewableresourcesandcontributestohighlevelsofcarbonemissions.③Electricallightisconsideredaformofpollutionthatdestroysourviewofthenightsky.④Alternativessuchasintelligentstreetlightingandnaturalmaterialsarebeingexploredtocreateamoresustainableurbanenvironment.2.缜密构思将第①要点作为引入，第②和第③要点整合讨论现有城市照明的问题，第④要点作为解决方案和未来展望。3.遣词造句TheVanGoghPath,aluminouscyclepathintheNetherlands,representsaninnovativeapproachtocitylighting.Currentelectricalcitylightingisproblematicduetoitsrelianceonnon-renewableresourcesandthepollutionitcauses.Alternativeslikeintelligentstreetlightingandtheuseofnaturalmaterialsarebeingconsideredforamoresustainableandvisuallypleasingurbanenvironment.【点睛】[高分句型1]ThepassagediscussestheinnovationincitylightingbyintroducingtheVanGoghPathintheNetherlands,whichusesluminousstonesforillumination.运用了which引导的定语从句对第一段进行了总结。其中prep+doing的表达非常实用。[高分句型2]Ithighlightstheenvironmentalandaestheticissueswithcurrentelectricallightingandexploresalternativessuchasintelligentstreetlightingandnaturalmaterialstocreateamoresustainableandvisuallyappealingurbanenvironment.运用了suchas作状语对第二段和第三段进行了总结。其中遣词造句非常高级。Passage2Dumbphones(非智能手机)aremakingacomebackItishardtoimaginelifewithoutasmartphonethesedays.NineintenAmericanadultsownone,andtheyspend3hoursand45minutesonthemaday,onaverage.Newversionsupdatedwithartificialintelligencemaybeevenhardertoputdown.Yetamarketisalsogrowingforphonesthataresimple-designed.Thesedumbphonesaccountforjust2%ofphonesalesinAmerica.Butdemandisgrowing.In2016,aFinnishfirmboughttherightstorelaunchthedevicesofNokia,whichisnowselling“tensofthousands”offlip-phones(翻盖式手机)amonthinAmerica.Dumbphonestodaydonotonlycopythoseofthepast,though.Startupsoffersimple-designeddevicesoftheirown.OneexampleistheLightPhone,whichisshapedlikeaniPodandhasane-inkscreenlikeaKindle.Italsoallowsuserstoaddoptional“tools”includingapodcast-playerandadirectionsapp.Whatexplainsthereturnofthedumbphone?Onefactorisanxietyovertheimpactofsmartphones—andsocial-mediaappsinparticular—onyoungpeople’smentalhealth.ThatiswhyEton,awell-knownBritishschool,announcedinJulythatitwouldbaritsfutureprimeministersfrombringingsmartphonestoschool,andwouldprovidethemwithNokiaphonesinstead.Butplentyofgrownupsarealsochoosingdumbphonesoftheirownfreewill.JoseBriones,whohostsaconferencefocusedondumbphonesonReddit,asocial-mediasite,switchedtotheLightPhoneaftergrowingalarmedathisrisingscreen-timerecord.Likemanynewcomers,hestillkeepsasmartphoneforsituationssuchastravellingabroad.Othersmartphoneaddictsareinsteadchoosingtosimplifytheirdevices,eitherbydeletingappsordownloadingonesthatcontrolscreentime,ofwhichthereareagrowingnumber.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Non-smartphonesareregainingpopularity.Althoughsmartphonesareprevalent,thedemandfornon-smartphonesisgrowing,withbothre-launchedoldmodelsandnewdesigns.Onefactorisanxietyaboutsmartphoneimpactsonyoungpeople’smentalhealth.Theotherfactoristhatplentyofgrownupsarealsochoosingdumbphonesoftheirownfreewill.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。非智能手机正重新流行。尽管智能手机普及，但非智能手机需求在增长，不仅有复刻款，还有新创品牌。其回归原因包括对智能手机危害的担忧，以及年轻人和成年人都有选择非智能手机的情况。【详解】1.要点摘录①Dumbphones(非智能手机)aremakingacomeback②Itishardtoimaginelifewithoutasmartphonethesedays.③Butdemandisgrowing.④Dumbphonestodaydonotonlycopythoseofthepast,though.Startupsoffersimple-designeddevicesoftheirown.⑤Onefactorisanxietyovertheimpactofsmartphones—andsocial-mediaappsinparticular—onyoungpeople’smentalhealth.⑥Butplentyofgrownupsarealsochoosingdumbphonesoftheirownfreewill.2.缜密构思将第2、3、4三个要点进行重组，将第5、6两个要点进行重写。3.遣词造句DumbphonesaremakingacomebackDespiteprevalenceofsmartphones,thedemandfornon-smartphonesisgrowing,withbothre-launchedoldmodelsandnewdesigns.Onefactorisanxietyaboutsmartphoneinfluencesonyoungpeople’smentalhealth.Theotherreasonisthatmanygrownupsarealsochoosingdumbphonesoftheirownfreewill.【点睛】[高分句型1]Althoughsmartphonesareprevalent,thedemandfornon-smartphonesisgrowing,withbothre-launchedoldmodelsandnewdesigns.(运用although引导的让步状语从句对第一段和第二段进行总结，表达高级)[高分句型2]Theotherfactoristhatplentyofgrownupsarealsochoosingdumbphonesoftheirownfreewill.(用that引导的表语从句对最后一段进行概括，表达高级)话题4研究与发现Passage1PreventingResistanceThedevelopmentofdrug-resistantpathogens(病原体)canbepreventedinatleastthreeways.First,sufficientlyhighconcentrationsofthedrugcanbemaintainedinapatient’sbodyforalongenoughtimetokillallsensitivecellsandholdotherslongenoughforthebody’sdefensestodefeatthem.Discontinuingadrugbeforeallofthepathogenshavebeenneutralized