高考语法专题复习九介词和常考介词搭配课件-高三英语二轮复习专项

高考语法专题复习九介词和常考介词搭配考点1介词的基本用法一、with/without复合结构“with/without+名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/动词不定式/分词”在句中表状态或说明背景情况,常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。Theydebatedforhourswithout

a

decision

being

taken.他们争论了几个小时,也没作出决定。二、at,in,on表示“时间”1.at表示某一时刻at12:00(在12点),atnoon(在中午),atnight(在夜里),atmidnight(在半夜),atdawn/daybreak(在黎明/破晓),atsunrise/sunset(在日出/日落),atdusk(在黄昏)。2.in指上午、下午及晚上或月、年等较长的时间inthe1980’s/1980s(在20世纪80年代),intheQingDynasty(在清朝),inOctober(在十月份),inthemorning/afternoon/evening(在上午/下午/晚上)。3.on用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间(如某日、某节日、星期几等)onOctober1st(在10月1日),onarainyday(在一个下雨天),onNationalDay(在国庆节),onthemorningofJuly3rd(在7月3日上午)。三、表示工具、手段、方式的介词1.不涉及交通工具的名词时用by,名词前不加冠词。如bysea,bywater,byland,byrail,byair等。2.涉及交通工具的名词时用by,名词须用单数形式,前面不加冠词或任何修饰语。如bybike,bytaxi,byplane,byship/boat,bytrain,byspaceship等。3.步行、骑马、骑骆驼均用on。如onfoot,onhorseback,onahorse,onacamel等。4.with用于有形的工具或身体某些器官之前,其后的名词多被冠词、物主代词等修饰。Wedonotseenaturewith

our

eyes,butwithourunderstandingsandourhearts.我们不是用眼睛看大自然,而是用我们的理解和心灵看大自然。5.by,in,on,over,through等介词多用于无形的工具或方式手段之前。如byhand,inEnglish,inink,onthetelephone,overtheradio,throughthetelescope等。四、“of+抽象名词”的用法1.of+great/much+抽象名词=very+抽象名词的形容词形式2.of+no+抽象名词=not+抽象名词的形容词形式Allourpersuasionwasof

no

use;shewouldnotcome.=Allourpersuasionwasnot

useful;shewouldnotcome.我们所有的劝说都没有用;她不会来的。五、介词but的固定搭配havenothingtodobutdo...除了做……外,无事可做havenochoicebuttodo...别无选择只得做……can’thelpbutdo...不得不做……can’tbutdo...不得不/只能做……can’tchoosebutdo...别无选择只得做……butfor...要不是……Ihave

no

choice

but

to

doashetellsme.我别无选择,只能照他说的做。Itrainedhard,sotheycouldn’t

choose

but

stayathome.雨下得很大,所以他们别无选择,只得待在家里。六、名词key,approach,solution,answer,entrance,visit,attitude等与介词to构成固定搭配Wehaveaverycommunicativeapproach

toteachinglanguages.我们有一种非常注重交际的语言教学方法。Wemustfindasatisfactorysolution

totheproblem.我们必须找到一个令人满意的方法来解决这个问题。七、介词by的用法1.by+地点名词:表示方位,意为“在……旁边”。Icanfindtwotablesby

the

windowforyou.我可以给你找两张靠窗的桌子。2.by+时间名词:意为“到……时(已发生某事);最晚,不迟于……,在……之前”,此时谓语多用完成时。Canyouhaveyourreportreadyforthepressby

next

week?你能在下周之前把你的报告准备好给媒体吗?小题快练单句语法填空①(ThisdiversitycanbeobservedattheannualWeifangInternationalKiteFestival,whichhasbeenheld

thethirdSaturdayofeveryAprilsince1984.

②Weifanghasalonghistoryofkite-making,

somerecordssuggestingthefirstwoodenkitewasinventedthereduringtheSpringandAutumnperiodmorethan2,000yearsago.

③“Wehavetofindasustainablefoodsource

long-termspaceexplorations,”Zhengsaid.

④ItwasacustomforpeopletohangpeachwoodcharmstodriveawayevilspiritsduringtheSpringFestival;nowadays,coupletsareused________asimilarway.

onwithforin考点2介词的习惯搭配一、与形容词构成的搭配1.be+adj.+aboutbeanxiousabout对……忧虑becuriousabout对……好奇2.be+adj.+atbeangryat因……生气begoodat擅长3.be+adj.+inbeabsorbedin专注于……beactivein活跃于……bedressedin穿着……beengagedin忙于……4.be+adj.+forbeeagerfor渴望……befamousfor因……著名befitfor适合,胜任……bereadyfor准备好……5.be+adj.+frombeabsentfrom缺席bedifferentfrom不同于6.be+adj.+tobecloseto接近……bedevotedto致力于……beequalto等同于……befamiliarto为……所熟悉7.be+adj.+ofbeawareof意识到……befondof喜欢……8.be+adj.+withbebusywith忙于……befamiliarwith对……熟悉bepatientwith对……有耐心二、与名词构成的搭配1.at+n.ataloss不知所措atpeace处于和平中atwar在战争中atwork在工作2.on+n.onexhibition/show在展出onfire着火onsale出售,打折ontheway在途中3.by+n.byaccident偶然byair/plane乘飞机bychance偶然bydesign故意4.in+n.incash用现金付款indepth在深度上indetail详细地inheight在高度上5.of+n.ofbenefit有益处的ofuse有用的6.out

of+n.outofbalance失去平衡outofbreath上气不接下气7.with+n.withdelight/joy高兴地withdifficulty困难地小题快练单句语法填空①Aimed

“bringinglifetothenationaltreasures”,scientificandtechnologicalinnovationshavebeenintegratedwithculturalconservationinthepastfewyears.

②Guestsmustbringfoodsthatappeal

bothbearsandhumans,suchassalmonpattiesandhoneybutter.atto③Theeventaimstoexpresssupport

internationalChineseeducation,andtorevealthecharmofChineselanguageandculture,whileenhancingthecooperationbetweentheChineseandforeigneducationpartnerstoeventuallybuildabrightfuturetogether.

④Shefellinlovewitharespecteddoctor,XuXian,

firstsightwhentheymetonarainydayontheBrokenBridge.forat感悟高考单句语法填空1.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)TheGlasshousestands

agreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapath...

2.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThe

Peony

Pavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomeways

Romeo

and

Juliet.

3.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)There,you’llfindthemprepareddifferently—moredumplingandlesssoup—andthewrappersarepressed______

handratherthanrolled.

astoby4.(2023新课标Ⅱ卷)AndwhodotheyspeakEnglish

?

5.(2023全国乙卷