三年（2023-2025）湖南中考英语真题分类汇编：专题02 说明文、议论文阅读（解析版）

专题02说明文&议论文阅读（2025·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Whatareinsects(昆虫)likeinyoureyes?Haveyouevernoticedthem?Insectsareveryinterestinganimals.Theymaybesmall,buttheyaresmartandhard-working.Scientistshavestudieddifferentkindsofinsectsveryclosely.Accordingtotheirstudies,eventhesmallestinsectshavetoolstohelpdotheirwork.Haveyoueverseenalittleflycalledasawfly?Itgetssuchanamebecauseithasasaw(锯子)thatisusedonplantstocreateasafespaceforitseggs.Afterlayingitseggs,thesawflymakessomeglue.Thegluefixestheeggstowheretheyarelaid.Anotherinsectthathasitsownnaturaltoolisthepoppybee(蜂).Thebeesliveinwood.Likepeoplewhomakethingsoutofwood,poppybeesusespecialtoolstodignests(巢穴)outofwood.Theydigandcleanoutthenesttomakeitreadyforuse.Whenallisready,poppybeescatoutpiecesofleavesintheshapeofanest.Theythenjointhepiecestogetherandputthemintothenest.Antsarealsoknownfortheircleveruseofnaturaltools.Forexample,theydroppiecesofleavesintowatersothattheytakeinthewater.Thentheantscarrythembacktotheirnests.Therearemoreinsectsthananyotherlivingthingsintheworld.Everyinsectisspecial.Themoreyounoticethem,themoretheywillsurpriseyou.1.Howdoesthewriterstartthetopic?A.Byaskingquestions. B.Bylistingnumbers. C.Bymakingcomparisons.2.Whatcanweknowaboutpoppybeesfromparagraph3?A.Theycleantheirnestswithbigleaves.B.Theypotpiecesofleavesaroundnests.C.Theydignestsbeforecuttingoutleaves.3.Whichofthefollowinguseleavestotakeinwateraccordingtothetext?A.Sawflies. B.Poppybees. C.Ants.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.InsectsandTools B.AnimalsandEggs C.PlantsandLeaves【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.A【导语】本文主要介绍了昆虫如何使用工具，如锯蝇的锯子、罂粟蜂的挖巢工具以及蚂蚁利用树叶吸水等。1.细节理解题。根据“Whatareinsects(昆虫)likeinyoureyes?Haveyouevernoticedthem?”可知，作者是通过提问的方式引入话题。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据“Likepeoplewhomakethingsoutofwood,poppybeesusespecialtoolstodignests(巢穴)outofwood.Theydigandcleanoutthenesttomakeitreadyforuse.Whenallisready,poppybeescutoutpiecesofleavesintheshapeofanest.”可知，罂粟蜂在挖好巢穴后才开始切割树叶。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据“Forexample,theydroppiecesofleavesintowatersothattheytakeinthewater.Thentheantscarrythembacktotheirnests.”可知，蚂蚁利用树叶吸水。故选C。4.最佳标题题。全文主要介绍了昆虫如何使用工具，如锯蝇的锯子、罂粟蜂的挖巢工具以及蚂蚁利用树叶吸水等。因此最佳标题应为“昆虫与工具”。故选A。（2025长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Onemorning,Istoppedatmyfavoriterestauranttogetsomethingtoeatandgotcomfortableatasmalltable.Shortlyafter,Inoticedfouryoungpeoplesittingatatablenearme.Aftersimplygreetingeachotherandordering,theyalllookedattheirphonesandcontinuedtodosountiltheirordersarrived.Afterphotographingtheirfood,theyate,continuingtolookattheirphones.Iwaswonderingwhytheycameheretoeattogether.Theywerephubbing,orphonesnubbing(冷落),averycommonproblemthesedays.Youmaynotknowtheword“phubbing”,butthiskindofactisnotstrangetoyou.Infact,32%ofpeoplereportthattheyarephubbedtwoorthreetimesaday.Doyouhaveaconversationonyourphonewhiletalkingtoanotherpersonfacetoface?Doyouscroll(上下滑动)throughyourphonewhileeatingwithsomeoneforfearofmissingout?Ifyouranswerisyestoeitherofthem,youmightbea“phubber”.ThewriterofThePsychologyofPhubbingdidasurveyandfoundthattheinfluenceofphubbingonrelationshipscanbeveryharmfulordestructive.Forexample,childrenfeltthatparentswhophubbedthemdidn’tcareaboutthem.Thisledtoafeelingofbeingleftout.Also,partnerswhowerephubbedmightbelesssatisfiedwiththerelationshipbecauseofjealousy(嫉妒)andworries.Phubbingisalearnedact,sounlearningitispossible.Startbyacceptingtheproblem.Setatimelimit(限制)fornotusingyourphone.Createareaswherephonesareoff-limits.Don’tletthemoderntechnologywhichisdesigned(设计)tobringpeopletogetherseparateyoufromothers.5.Whatdidthefouryoungpeoplekeepdoingbeforetheirordersarrived?A.Greetingeachother. B.Lookingattheirphones. C.Photographingtheirfood.6.Howdoesthewriterintroducetheword“phubber”inParagraph3?A.Byraisingquestions. B.Bylistingnumbers. C.Bygivingreasons.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“destructive”inParagraph4mean?A.微乎其微的 B.积极正向的 C.有破坏性的8.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Towarnpeopleagainstphubbing.B.Toshowhowphonesbringpeoplecloser.C.Topresenttheadvantagesofmoderntechnology.【答案】5.B6.A7.C8.A【解析】【导语】本文介绍了低头族现象和“phubbing”这个词的来源，并倡导人们减少使用手机的时间去做其他有意义的事情。5.细节理解题。根据“Aftersimplygreetingeachotherandordering,theyalllookedattheirphonesandcontinuedtodosountiltheirordersarrived.”可知，几个人一直在盯着手机看，故选B。6.细节理解题。根据“Doyouhaveaconversationonyourphonewhiletalkingtoanotherpersonfacetoface?Doyouscroll(上下滑动)throughyourphonewhileeatingwithsomeoneforfearofmissingout?”可知，作者在第三段通过提出问题介绍“phubber”这个词。故选A。7.词句猜测题。根据“...foundthattheinfluenceofphubbingonrelationshipscanbeveryharmfulordestructive”可知，此处destructive与“harmful”语意相近，故选C。8.主旨大意题。本文介绍了低头族现象和“phubbing”这个词的来源，并倡导人们减少使用手机的时间去做其他有意义的事情。故选A。（2025长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。IusedtoteachEnglishasavolunteerinAfrica.Someofmyfriendsaskedme,“Don’tyoumissyourhome,Emily?”ItoldthemIwastheonlychildinmyfamilyandItrulyhadaneasylifeathome.However,Igotboredofhavinga“good”timeathomeandneededachange.ThekidsfromAfricawereeager(渴望的)tolearnandeasytoteach.Iwassurprisedathowsmarttheywere.Talkingwiththemmademethinkalot.Whenyoucomefromapoorarea,youmustgrowupfastanddealwithallkindsofdifficultsituations.VolunteeringhasalwaysbeeneasyformebecauseIdon’tliketodothesamethingseveryday.MyjobalsogivesmethefreedomtochoosewhenandwhereIwork.AlthoughIdon’tgetpaidforvolunteering,I’moldenoughtoknowthatmoneyisnottheonlywaytogetrewarded(回报).Theexperienceitselfispriceless.Imakelotsofconnectionswithgoodpeople.Also,whenIvolunteer,IoftenworkwithpeoplewhoareworseoffthanIam.ThathastaughtmetopracticethankfulnessforwhatIhave.Believeme,thislifelessonisworthamilliondollars.Iamnotaperfectperson.Inasense,IthinkI’mselfish(自私的).Butyoudon’thavetobeaperfect,selflesspersontovolunteer.Infact,Ihavebenefited(受益)alotfromvolunteering.Volunteeringhelpsothers,anditcanalsohelpyourself,too.Thebiggestbenefitofvolunteeringisthatithelpsyoudevelopyourcharacter(品质),andthat’sthepassporttoarichandmeaningfullife.9.WhydidEmilyvolunteerinAfrica?A.Shelivedareallydifficultlifeathome.B.Shehopedtolearnanewlanguagethere.C.Shewantedtoexperiencesomethingnew.10.HowweretheAfricankidsinEmily’seyesinParagraph2?A.Quiteteachable. B.Hardtodealwith. C.Boredoflearning.11.WhatdoesEmilygetfromhervolunteeringexperience?A.Thefreedomtochooseawell-paidjob.B.Thechancetoconnectwithgoodpeoplealot.C.Theabilitytoexpressthanksforwhatshehaslost.12.WhichofthefollowingwouldEmilymostprobablyagreewith?A.Useitorloseit. B.Oldhabitsdiehard. C.Givingisreceiving.【答案】9.C10.A11.B12.C【解析】【导语】本文讲述了Emily作为一名志愿者在非洲教授英语的经历。9．细节理解题。根据“However,Igotboredofhavinga‘good’timeathomeandneededachange.”可知Emily在非洲做志愿者是因为她厌倦了在家里的“美好”时光，需要一些改变，即她想体验一些新的事物。故选C。10.细节理解题。根据“ThekidsfromAfricawereeager(渴望的)tolearnandeasytoteach”可知在Emily眼中，非洲的孩子们渴望学习，很容易教。故选A。11.细节理解题。根据“Imakelotsofconnectionswithgoodpeople.”可知Emily从她的志愿者经历中得到了很多与好人建立联系的机会。故选B。12.推理判断题。根据“Volunteeringhelpsothers,anditcanalsohelpyourself,too”可知Emily认为做志愿者既能帮助别人，也能帮助自己，即付出就是收获。故选C。（2024·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Headphonesarehelpful.Manykidsusethem.Butheadphonescanbeharmful,too.Theycancausehearinglossifthevalue（音量）istooloud.StudiesshowthatoneoutofeverytenkidsintheUnitedStateshassomehearingloss.Thecauseisloudnoise.Doyouknowhowwehear?Therearecells（细胞）insidetheearsthathelpushear.Wecan'tseethemwithoureyes."Wecallthemhaircell,"JackieClarksaid."Theylooklikehairsstandingup."ClarkisascientistattheUniversityofTexas.Shestudiesnoisesandears.Soundcannotbeseen,butilcanmakethehaircellsmovebackandforward.Thinkofthewindintheleaves.Loudnoisescandamage（损伤）thesecells.Andoncethecellsaredamaged，theydon'tgrowback.Sometimes,there'stinnitus."It'slikesomeoneisplayinganoteontheflute（长笛）foralongtime."Clarksays.Itshowswe'relosinghearing.Tinnitusisnotonlyharmfultoourears,alsoitcanmakeusfeeluneasy.That'swhyit'snecessarytoprotectourears.Howcanweprotectourears?We'dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones.Weshouldbeabletohearsoundsaroundus.Andotherpeopleshouldn'thearnoisefromourheadphones."IfIcanhearwhatyou'relisteningtowhenyou'rewearingyourheadphones,"Clarksays,"It'stooloud."Toprotectourears,keepourheadphonesatabouthalfvolume.13．Whatcanweknowabouthaircells?A．Theyhelpushear.B．Theylooklikehairslyingdown.C．Theycanbeseenclearlywithoureyes.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tinnitus"meaninparagraph3A．Amusicalvoice.B．Akindofinstrument.C．Ringinginears.15．What'sthemainpurposeofthelastparagraph?A．Togiveadvice.B．Toshowproblems.C．Toexplainreasons.16．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Beforelisteningtomusic,chooseagoodheadphone.B．Whenusingaheadphone,keepthevolumelow.C．Afterusingaheadphone,checkyourcars.【答案】13．A14．C15．A16．B【知识点】说明文；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要说明当我们使用耳机时，要将音量调低以保护耳朵。13．细节理解题。根据原文Doyouknowhowwehear?Therearecells（细胞）insidetheearsthathelpushear，…Wecan'tseethemwithoureyes."Wecallthemhaircell"，你知道我们是如何听到声音的吗？耳朵里有细胞帮助我们听到声音……我们无法用眼睛看到它们。"我们称它们为毛细胞"，可知"毛细胞"是帮助我们听到声音的一种细胞，答案是Theyhelpushear。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据原文"It'slikesomeoneisplayinganoteontheflute（长笛）foralongtime."就像有人在笛子上长时间吹奏一个音符一样，以及"Itshowswe'relosinghearing"这表明我们正在丧失听力，可知这是对前一句"Sometimes，there'stinnitus."的解释。所以的意思是"耳鸣"。答案是tinnitus。故选C。15．推理判断题。根据原文"Howcanweprotectourears？We'dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones.…"我们如何保护我们的耳朵？使用耳机时最好将音量调低，可知对"如何保护我们的耳朵"提出建议，答案是Togiveadvice..故选A。16．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Headphonesarehelpful…Butheadphonescanbeharmful，too"耳机很有用……但耳机也可能有害；第三段"Loudnoisescandamage（损伤）thesecells"巨大的噪音会损害这些细胞；第四段"We'dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones."使用耳机时最好把音量调低，可知文章通过举例主要说明当我们使用耳机时，要将音量调低以保护耳朵。故选B。（2024·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Wouldyoubeabletosleepwithoneeyeopen?Bottlenosedolphins（宽吻海豚）can.Whentheysleep,onlyhalfoftheirbraingoestosleep.Theysleepwithoneeyeopentostaysafe.HalfoftheirbrainsleepsforabouttwohoursbeforetheotherhalfoftheirbraingetsaChancetosleep.Sometimes,thedolphinswillkeepswimmingwhiletheyaresleeping.Dolphinsarenotfish-theyaremammals（哺乳动物）.Thesemammalshavelungs（肺）.Andtheydon'thavegull（腮）likefish.Theyarealsowarm-bloodedandhavetogotothesurfaceofthewaterlogetairintotheirlungs.Dolphinsdon'tlayeggsTheiryoungarebornalive,andtheydrinkmilkfromtheirmothers.Dolphinsareoneofthesmartestanimalsintheworld.Therearemanystoriesabouthowtheysavepeopleoutofwater.Theyareabletosolvemanyproblemslikehumans.Theycanevenusetoolstocatchfish.Buttheirclevernessdoesn'tendthere.Dolphinscanalsopassonanythingtheylearntootherdolphins,likeinterestingfishingskills.Theycommunicatewitheachotherinmanyways.Theyusedifferentsoundstotalktoeachother.Dolphinsknowthe"voices"ofotherdolphinsandevenknowexactlywhoismakingwhichsound.Anotherthingthatshowstheirclevernessisthattheycanalsoknowthemselvesinamirror（镜子）andcheckdifferentpartsoftheirbodyinit.17．Whydobottlenosedolphinssleepwithoneeyeopen?A．Tostaysafe.B．Tosleepfortwohours.C．Toswimfaster.18．Whatcanwelearnaboutdolphinsfromparagraph2?A．Theyusegillstogetair.B．Theyarewarm-blooded.C．Theylayeggslikefish.19．Howdodolphinstalktoeachother?A．Bylearningfishingskills.B．Byusingdifferentsounds.C．Bycheckingtheirbodies.20．Whichpartofamagazinemaythepassagebetakenfrom?A．Art. B．Health. C．Nature.【答案】17．A18．B19．B20．C【知识点】说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境；动物养殖；细节理解；推理判断【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍介绍了海豚的生活习性。17．细节理解题。根据原文"Whentheysleep，onlyhalfoftheirbraingoestosleep.Theysleepwithoneeyeopentostaysafe."当他们睡觉时，只有一半的大脑处于睡眠状态。他们睡觉时会睁着一只眼睛以保证安全，可知海豚睁着一只眼睛睡觉时为了保证安全。故选A。18．细节理解题。根据原文"Theyarealsowarm-blooded"它们也是温血动物，可知海豚是温血动物。答案是Theyarewarm-blooded。故选B。19．细节理解题。根据原文"Theycommunicatewitheachotherinmanyways.Theyusedifferentsoundstotalktoeachother.Dolphinsknowthe"voices"ofotherdolphinsandevenknowexactlywhoismakingwhichsound."它们用多种方式相互交流。它们用不同的声音相互交谈。海豚知道其他海豚的"声音"，甚至知道谁在发出哪种声音"，可知海豚用不同的声音相互交谈。答案是Byusingdifferentsounds。故选B。20．推理判断题。通读全文可知这是一篇说明文，介绍了海豚的生活习性，所以文章可能出自自然杂志。故选C。（2024·长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。TheFourSeasons,writtenbytheItalianmusicianAntonioVivaldi,wasfirstplayedabout300yearsago.Sincethen,ithasenjoyedworldwidepopularity.Thegreatmusicalworkincludesfourparts:"Spring","Summer","Autumn"and‘‘Winter".Eachpartbringstomindtheseasonitismeanttodescribe."Summer",forexample,beginsslowly.Listenerscaneasilypictureahot,lazysummerdaywhennobodywantstomove.Whenyoulistento"Autumn",aharvest(收获)celebrationwillreadilycometomind.Butnow,HacheCosta,amusicdirectorinSpain,hasdecidedtogivetheoldworkafreshfeel.Hesaystheclimate(气候)todayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasinthe1700s.TheFourSeasonswouldbe"alotdirtier"ifitwerewrittennow.Costahas"updated"themusicalworktomakeitmatchtherealitiesofthemodernworld.The‘"updated"musicalworkhasbeenplayedinMadrid,Spain.Theperformancetakesplaceinfrontofascreen.Asthemusiciansplay,avideoshowstheeffects(影响)ofclimatechange,suchasforestfiresandunusuallydryweather.Afterenjoyingit,peoplefindthenew"Summer"nowsoundsnoisierandmorepowerful.Becauseofglobalwarming(全球变暖),theotherthreeseasonshavebecomeshorter.Costasaysheexpectspeopletofeel"reallysad"afterlisteningtothenewFourSeasons."Ireallywantmorepeopletobecometrulyawareof(意识到)whatishappeningtoourplanet,"saysCosta."AndIbelieveVivaldiwouldnotbeangrywithmychanges."21．WhatdoweknowaboutTheFourSeasons?A．Itisstillunpopularnow.B．ItwaswrittenbyHacheCosta.C．Itwasfirstplayedabout300yearsago.22．Whatwillcometomindwhenwelistentotheold"Autumn"accordingtothepassage?A．Forestfiresanddryweather.B．Aharvestcelebration.C．Ahotlazyday.23．Whichisclosetotheunderlinedword"updated"inmeaninginParagraph4?A．提上日程 B．追根溯源 C．赋予新意24．WhydidHacheCostagivetheoldworkafreshfeel?A．Tocallonmorepeopletolovemusic.B．Toraisepublicawarenessofclimatechange.C．TopresentthestoryofAntonioVivaldi'scolorfullife.【答案】21．C22．B23．C24．B【知识点】说明文；音乐作品赏析与文化价值；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍意大利音乐家创作了《四季》，现在西班牙音乐总监哈奇·科斯塔决定给这部老作品赋予一种新鲜感，他希望更多的人真正意识到气候变化的影响。

【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。21．细节理解题。根据第一段TheFourSeasons,writtenbytheItalianmusicianAntonioVivaldi,wasfirstplayedabout300yearsago可知，意大利音乐家安东尼奥·维瓦尔第创作的《四季》首次演奏是在大约300年前，故选C。22．细节理解题。根据第二段Whenyoulistento"Autumn",aharvest(收获)celebrationwillreadilycometomind.可知，当你听到"秋天"时，你会很容易想到丰收的庆祝，故选B。23．词义猜测题。根据第四段Costahas"updated"themusicalworktomakeitmatchtherealitiesofthemodernworld.可知，Costa重新创作了这部音乐作品，使其符合现代世界的现实，这是给这部音乐作品"赋予新意"，故选C。24．推理判断题。根据第五段Becauseofglobalwarming(全球变暖),theotherthreeseasonshavebecomeshorter.Costasaysheexpectspeopletofeel"reallysad"afterlisteningtothenewFourSeasons.和第六段lreallywantmorepeopletobecometrulyawareof(意识到)whatishappeningtoourplanet.可知，由于全球变暖，其他三个季节变短了。Costa说，他预计人们在听了新的《四季》之后会感到"非常难过"。作者希望更多的人真正意识到我们的星球正在发生什么。由此可知，Costa给老作品带来新鲜感是为了提高公众对气候变化的认识，故选B。（2024·长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Whatshouldyoudowhenyoucan'tfindthetimetodoalongworkout?Haveyouheardofexercisesnacks(零食式锻炼)?Exercisesnacksareapopularandinventivenewwayforpeopletostayfit.Insteadofspendinghoursontheplayground,peoplebreakthat"largemeal"intoexercise"snacks".Theseexercisescanlastanywherefrom20secondstotwominutes.Thenyoucanhavearestfor30minutestofourhoursbeforeanothersnack.Itisreportedthatexercisesnackscanbeasusefulastraditionalexercisemethods.Justthreeexercisesnacksadaycanbenefit(使受益)yourphysicalhealth.Besidesthat,therearelotsofotherbenefits.Yourconcentration(专注力)andcreativitygetbetter,andyoucanbecomemoreproductive.Also,"snacking"throughoutthedaystopsyoufromsittingtoolong.Therearesomanyacceptableexercisesnacks,likedoingsit-ups,jumpingropeorrunningupanddownsomestairs(楼梯).Butforthosewhodon'tknowwheretostart,herearesomehelpfulexercisechoices:Exercisessuchasliftingweightswillsatisfytheneeds.Sincemostpeopledon'tkeepweightsattheiroffices,liftfullwaterbottles.Squats(深蹲)—movingyourbodyasiftositdownwhilekeepingyourbackstraight.Fivetotenoftheseshouldmakeagoodsnack.Forthosewhodon'tliketraditionalexercises,simplyturnupthemusic.Pickalivelysongandstartdancing.It'llmakeforafunworkout.Whatareyouwaitingfor?Let'sgetmoving.Yourbodywillthankyouforit!25．Howlongcananexercisesnacklastaccordingtothepassage?A．20secondstotwominutes.B．30minutestofourhours.C．Fivetotenminutes.26．Whichisanacceptableexercisesnackmentionedinthepassage?A．Doingmathexercises.B．Eatingsnacks.C．Doingsit-ups.27．Whatisthewriter'sattitude(态度)toexercisesnacks?A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Supportive.28．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tochangetraditionaleatinghabits.B．Tointroduceaninventivenewwaytostayfit.C．Toencouragepeopletodolong-timeoutdoorexercise.【答案】25．A26．C27．C28．B【知识点】说明文；健康与健身；细节理解；推理判断【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了零食式锻炼。25．细节理解题。根据第二段中peoplebreakthat"largemeal"intoexercise"snacks".Theseexercisescanlastanywherefrom20secondstotwominutes.可知零食式锻炼可持续20秒至2分钟，故选A。26．细节理解题。根据第四段中Therearesomanyacceptableexercisesnacks,likedoingsit-ups,jumpingropeorrunningupanddownsomestairs.可知，做仰卧起坐是文中提到的一种可接受的零食式锻炼，故选C。27．推理判断题。根据最后一段Whatareyouwaitingfor?Let'sgetmoving.Yourbodywillthankforit!可知，作者呼吁大家行动起来，他认为零食式锻炼对身体有好处，故选C。28．写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的Exercisesnacksareapopularandinventivenewwayforpeopletostayfit.和最后一段中的Yourbodywillthankforit!可知，本文主要介绍了一种让人们保持健康的新方式——零食式锻炼，故选B。（2023·怀化）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。ChatGPTisasmartAIchatbot(聊天机器人)tool.ItisdevelopedbyUScompanyOpenAI.Itisverypopularallovertheworld.Itisreportedthatover89percentofstudentshaveusedChatGPTtohelpwiththeirhomework.Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.SomeschoolsintheUS,AustraliaandFrancedon'tuseChatGPT.TheyareafraidthatChatGPTcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheat(作弊)onhomework.SomepeoplealsoworrythatChatGPTcouldbeusedtogivewronginformation.However,notallschoolssay"no"toChatGPT.SomeCanadianschoolsaremakingdecisionsonitsuseforbothstudentsandteachers.TheywillnotstoptheuseofChatGPT.BhaskarVira,ateacherattheschoolinCambridge,saidthatnotusingChatGPTisnotclever."WehavetoknowthatpeoplewillgetusedtoanAItoolinourlearning,teachingandexaminations,"hetoldaschoolnewspaper.29．ChatGPTisa____AIchatbottool.A．strange B．useless C．smart30．WhatcanChatGPTdo?A．Flykites. B．Cookfood. C．Writestories.31．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．ChatGPTwasdevelopedbyCanada.B．ChatGPTcanhelpwithhomework.C．AllschoolsinFranceuseChatGPT.32．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ChatGPTB．AUselessToolC．TheHistoryofAI【答案】29．C30．C31．B32．A【知识点】社会现象类；说明文；细节理解；标题选择；人工智能（AI）【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的好处以及不利之处。29．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"ChatGPTisasmartAIchatbot(聊天机器人)tool."可知，ChatGPT是一款智能AI聊天机器人工具，故选C。30．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"Itisreportedthatover89percentofstudentshaveusedChatGPTtohelpwiththeirhomework.Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.据报道，超过89%的学生使用过ChatGPT帮助他们完成家庭作业。你可以让它写故事和电子邮件，翻译语言，并回答各种问题。"可知ChatGPT可以写故事，故选C。31．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子"TheyareafraidthatChatGPTcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheat(作弊)onhomework"可知，它可以帮助学生们做作业，故选B。32．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的好处以及不利之处，故选A。（2023·怀化）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。InChina,thereare24solarterms(节气)inayear.Andtherearesixsolartermsinwinter.Theyarebeginningofwinter,lightsnow,heavysnow,wintersolstice(冬至),lessercold(小寒)andgreatercold.BeginningofwinterusuallyfallsonNovember7thor8th.Onthisday,afterayearofhardwork,peoplearehappytohavearestandspendtimewiththefamily.ThenorthernChinacelebratesbeginningofwinterasthe"SmallSpringFestival".Peopleusuallyhavedumplingsandmuttonsouponthatday.LightsnowusuallyfallsonNovember22ndor23rdandheavysnowusuallyfallsonDecember7thor8th.Whenwintersolsticecomes,itbringstheshortestdaysoftheyearandthelongestnights.Manyplacesaroundthecountrycanexpectthecoldestweather.Greatercoldcomesafterlessercold.Thefieldiscoveredwithsnow.AndallChinesearereadytowelcometheSpringFestivalafterit.Ofcourse,anewroundofsolartermswillstart.33．Howmanysolartermsarethereinwinter?A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven.34．WhatdopeopleinthenorthernChinausuallyhaveonbeginningofwinter?A．Dumplingsandmuttonsoup.B．Noodlesandfish.C．Riceandchicken.35．Whendoesheavysnowusuallyfall?A．OnNovember22ndor23rd.B．OnDecember1stor2nd.C．OnDecember7thor8th.36．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Beginningofwinter.B．Thesolartermsinwinter.C．Greatercold.【答案】33．B34．A35．C36．B【知识点】人文地理类；说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了冬季的6个节气。33．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"Andtherearesixsolartermsinwinter."可知，冬天有六个节气，故选B。34．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子"ThenorthernChinacelebratesbeginningofwinterasthe'SmallSpringFestivalPeopleusuallyhavedumplingsandmuttonsouponthatday."可知，在中国北方，人们通常在这一天吃饺子和羊肉汤来庆祝立冬。故选A。35．细节理解题。根据文章第三段句子"LightsnowusuallyfallsonNovember22ndor23rdandheavysnowusuallyfallsonDecember7thor8th."可知，小雪通常在11月22日或23日，大雪通常在12月7日或8日。故选C。36．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段句子"Andtherearesixsolartermsinwinter.Theyarebeginningofwinter,lightsnowheavysnow,wintersolstice(冬至),lessercold(小寒)andgreatercold"可知，本文主要介绍了冬季的6个节气，故选B。（2023·株洲）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。TherewereactorsperformingQinqiangOperaattheTangParadiseonFebruary5th,2023.TangParadise,locatedinthesouthofXi'an,isalargeculturalthemeparkshowingthelifestyleoftheTangDynasty.QinqiangOpera,whichcamefromtheancientfolksongsanddancesofthepeopleinShaanxiandGansuprovince,isoneofthelongest-liveformsofoperainChina.Accordingtohistoricalrecords,thelocaloperadatesallthewaybacktotheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC).QinqiangOperaisareflectionofancientChinesepeople'sdailylifeandfeelings.However,thedevelopmentofpopandWesternmusicinfluencedQinqiangOperadeepinthe1990s.Duringthisdifficulttime,manyQinqiangOperaactorshadnochoicebuttoleavetheoperastagewheretheyperformed.Theythentookonseveraljobstomakealiving,includingworkingasbusinessmen,runningclothingshopsandactinginsmallfilmroles.QinqiangOperawaslistedasanational-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2006.IthasagreatinfluenceonthedevelopmentofQinqiangOpera.Abouttenyearsago,theaudiencesweremostlyoldpeople.NowlotsofyoungaudiencespourinandQinqiangOperaperformancesarewarmlywelcomed.Thememberofyoungperformershasincreasedaswell.TherevivalofQinqiangOperawasnotonlyattractedmoreyoungactorsandaudiencesbutalsoreflectedthecountry'sculturaldevelopment.37．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheTangParadise?A．It'sinthenorthofXi'anB．It'salargeculturalthemepark.C．ItshowsthelifestyleoftheQinDynasty.38．QinqiangOperacamefrom____.A．theancientfolksongsanddancesB．popmusicandWesternmusicC．countrymusicanddances39．QinqiangOperawasdeeplyinfluencedbythedevelopmentofpopandWesternmusic____.A．inthe1970s B．inthe1980s C．inthe1990s40．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutQinqiangOpera?A．QinqiangOperaisoneofthelongest-liveformsofoperainChina.B．QinqaingOperawaslistedasanational-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2023.C．NowQinqiangOperaperformancesarewelcomedbylotsofyoungaudiences.41．Thepassagemainlytalksabout____.A．theTangParadiseB．QinqiangOperaC．popandWesternmusic【答案】37．B38．A39．C40．B41．B【知识点】社会文化类；说明文；细节理解【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了秦腔的历史以及发展。37．细节理解题。根据第一段TangParadise,locatedinthesouthofXi'an,isalargeculturalthemeparkshowingthelifestyleoftheTangDynasty.(唐乐园位于西安市南部，是一座展示唐代生活方式的大型文化主题公园。）可知唐乐园是一座展示唐代生活方式的大型文化主题公园，故选B。38．细节理解题。根据第一段QinqiangOpera,whichcamefromtheancientfolksongsanddancesofthepeopleinShaanxiandGansuprovince,isoneofthelongest-liveformsofoperainChina.(秦腔源于陕西和甘肃人民古老的民间歌舞，是中国历史最悠久的戏曲形式之一。)可知秦腔来源于古老的民间歌舞，故选A。39．细节理解题。根据第二段However,thedevelopmentofpopandWesternmusicinfluencedQinqiangOperadeepinthe1990s.(然而，20世纪90年代，流行音乐和西方音乐的发展对秦腔产生了深远的影响。)可知秦腔深受九十年代流行音乐和西方音乐发展的影响，故选C。40．细节理解题。根据第三段QinqiangOperawaslistedasanational-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2006.(2006年，秦腔被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。)可知，选项B的描述"2023年，秦腔被列为国家级非物质文化遗产"，是错误的，故选B。41．主旨大意题。根据最后一段TherevivalofQinqiangOperawasnotonlyattractedmoreyoungactorsandaudiencesbutalsoreflectedthecountry'sculturaldevelopment.(秦腔的复兴不仅吸引了更多的年轻演员和观众，也反映了国家文化的发展。)结合下文，可知本文主要介绍了秦腔的历史与发展，故选B。（2023·张家界）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Inourliveswecanseemoreandmorerobotsindifferentplaces.Theyarehelpfulanddolotsofthings.Theycannotonlyworkindoors,butalso