国画考博英语真题及答案

国画考博英语真题及答案

一、单项选择题（每题2分，共10题）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatraditionalChinesepaintingtechnique?A.InkwashB.WatercolorC.GuohuaD.CalligraphyAnswer:B2.Theterm"Shanshui"inChinesepaintingrefersto:A.FlowersandbirdsB.MountainsandwaterC.LandscapeD.PortraitAnswer:B3.Whichdynastyisknownforthedevelopmentoftheliteratipaintingstyle?A.TangB.SongC.MingD.QingAnswer:B4.InChinesepainting,whatisthetermfortheuseofemptyspacetocreateasenseofdepth?A.YijingB.NegativespaceC.FengshuiD.QiAnswer:B5.TheFourGentlemeninChinesepaintingtypicallyreferto:A.FourfamouspoetsB.FourtypesofplantsC.FouranimalsD.FourmountainsAnswer:B6.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneoftheFiveMajorSchoolsofChinesepainting?A.ZheSchoolB.JiangSchoolC.HuSchoolD.ShanSchoolAnswer:D7.Theuseofthin,transparentinktocreateasenseoflightnessandsubtletyisknownas:A.HeavyinkB.LightinkC.DrybrushD.WetbrushAnswer:B8.InChinesepainting,whatisthetermfortheactofapplyinginkinacontrolledmannertocreatetexture?A.CunfaB.XieyiC.BaohuaD.HuaxieAnswer:A9.Theconceptof"YinandYang"inChinesepaintingisoftenrepresentedby:A.BlackandwhiteB.RedandgreenC.BlueandyellowD.OrangeandpurpleAnswer:A10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommonsubjectinChinesepainting?A.BambooB.PlumblossomsC.CherryblossomsD.PomegranatesAnswer:D二、多项选择题（每题2分，共10题）1.WhichofthefollowingareconsideredessentialelementsinChinesepainting?A.InkB.BrushC.PaperD.ColorE.CalligraphyAnswer:A,B,C,E2.ThefollowingareallfamousChinesepaintersEXCEPT:A.WangXingheB.QiBaishiC.ZhangDaqianD.HuangBinhongAnswer:A3.TraditionalChinesepaintingtechniquesinclude:A.InkwashB.WatercolorC.GuohuaD.CalligraphyE.ColorpaintingAnswer:A,C,D,E4.ThefollowingarecommonsubjectsinChinesepainting:A.MountainsandwaterB.FlowersandbirdsC.BambooD.PlumblossomsE.PortraitsAnswer:A,B,C,D5.ThefollowingaremajorschoolsofChinesepainting:A.ZheSchoolB.JiangSchoolC.HuSchoolD.ShanSchoolE.LingSchoolAnswer:A,B,C6.ThefollowingaretechniquesusedinChinesepainting:A.CunfaB.XieyiC.BaohuaD.HuaxieE.CalligraphyAnswer:A,B,C,D,E7.Thefollowingareelementsoftheliteratipaintingstyle:A.EmphasisonpersonalexpressionB.UseofemptyspaceC.SimplifiedformsD.EmphasisonrealismE.IntegrationofcalligraphyAnswer:A,B,C,E8.ThefollowingarecommonmaterialsusedinChinesepainting:A.InkB.BrushC.PaperD.ColorE.SilkAnswer:A,B,C,D,E9.ThefollowingareconceptsinChinesepainting:A.YinandYangB.FiveElementsC.FengshuiD.QiE.CunfaAnswer:A,B,C,D,E10.ThefollowingarefamousworksinChinesepainting:A."LandscapewithFlowingWater"byWangXingheB."PlumBlossoms"byQiBaishiC."Bamboo"byZhangDaqianD."MountTai"byHuangBinhongAnswer:B,C,D三、判断题（每题2分，共10题）1.Chinesepaintingisprimarilyfocusedonrealismanddetailedrepresentation.Answer:False2.Theliteratipaintingstyleemphasizespersonalexpressionandartisticfreedom.Answer:True3.Inkwashpaintingisatechniquethatusesonlyblackinkandwhitepaper.Answer:True4.ChinesepaintingisheavilyinfluencedbyConfucianismandBuddhism.Answer:True5.TheFourGentlemeninChinesepaintingareplumblossoms,bamboo,orchids,andchrysanthemums.Answer:True6.TheZheSchoolisknownforitsemphasisondetailedandrealisticlandscapes.Answer:False7.Chinesepaintingdoesnotusecolorintraditionalstyles.Answer:False8.Theconceptof"YinandYang"iscentraltoChinesepaintingandrepresentsthebalanceofopposites.Answer:True9.Theliteratipaintingstyleisassociatedwiththeimperialcourtandformalsettings.Answer:False10.Chinesepaintingtechniquesarestandardizedanddonotallowforpersonalinterpretation.Answer:False四、简答题（每题5分，共4题）1.Describetheliteratipaintingstyleanditskeycharacteristics.Answer:TheliteratipaintingstyleisatraditionalChinesepaintingstylethatemphasizespersonalexpression,artisticfreedom,andtheintegrationofcalligraphy.Itoftenfeaturessimplifiedforms,theuseofemptyspacetocreatedepth,andafocusontheartist'sinnerspiritratherthanrealisticrepresentation.Thisstyleiscloselyassociatedwithscholarsandliteratiwhosoughttoexpresstheirpersonalemotionsandphilosophicalideasthroughtheirart.2.ExplainthesignificanceoftheFourGentlemeninChinesepainting.Answer:TheFourGentlemeninChinesepaintingrefertoplumblossoms,bamboo,orchids,andchrysanthemums.Theyareconsideredauspicioussymbolsandareoftendepictedtogetherinpaintings.EachoftheFourGentlemenrepresentsdifferentvirtuesandqualities.Plumblossomssymbolizeresilienceandperseverance,bamboorepresentsintegrityandelegance,orchidssignifypurityandrefinement,andchrysanthemumssymbolizelongevityandhappiness.TheinclusionoftheFourGentlemeninpaintingsconveysmoralandphilosophicalmessages,reflectingthevaluesandaspirationsoftheartist.3.DiscusstheroleofinkinChinesepainting.Answer:InkplaysacrucialroleinChinesepainting,servingastheprimarymediumforcreatingartisticexpressions.Itismadefromgroundinkstonesandwater,anditsqualitygreatlyinfluencesthefinaloutcome.Chinesepaintersmastertheartofcontrollinginktoachievevariouseffects,suchasthin,transparentwashesorthick,densestrokes.Theuseofinkallowsforawiderangeoftonalvariations,creatingdepth,texture,andatmosphereinthepaintings.Additionally,inkisoftenusedinconjunctionwithcalligraphy,asthebrushstrokesandinktonescanconveybothvisualandtextualmeanings.4.ExplaintheconceptofnegativespaceinChinesepainting.Answer:Negativespace,alsoknownas"emptyspace,"referstotheareasinapaintingthatareleftblankorunpainted.InChinesepainting,negativespaceisintentionallyusedtocreateasenseofdepth,balance,andharmony.Itisnotmerelyemptybutholdssignificantvisualandsymbolicmeaning.Byleavingcertainareasunpainted,artistscanemphasizethemainsubjects,createasenseoftranquilityandserenity,andevokeadeeperappreciationforthecomposition.Negativespacealsoallowstheviewer'seyetorestandcontemplatethepainting,enhancingtheoverallaestheticexperience.五、讨论题（每题5分，共4题）1.DiscusstheinfluenceofConfucianismandBuddhismonChinesepainting.Answer:ConfucianismandBuddhismhavehadaprofoundinfluenceonChinesepainting,shapingitsthemes,styles,andphilosophicalunderpinnings.Confucianism,withitsemphasisonharmony,order,andmoralvalues,hasinspiredmanylandscapepaintingsthatdepictsereneandbalancednaturalscenes.Theconceptof"YinandYang"fromConfucianismisalsoreflectedintheuseofcontrastingcolorsandelementsinpaintings.Buddhism,ontheotherhand,hasintroducedthemesofmindfulness,impermanence,andthepursuitofspiritualenlightenment.Buddhist-inspiredpaintingsoftendepictscenesofmeditation,paradise,andthejourneytowardsenlightenment.TheintegrationofConfucianandBuddhistideasinChinesepaintingreflectstheinterconnectednessofphilosophy,religion,andartinChineseculture.2.AnalyzethesignificanceofcalligraphyinChinesepainting.Answer:CalligraphyholdsgreatsignificanceinChinesepainting,servingasbothadecorativeelementandameansofconveyingmeaning.Theintegrationofcalligraphywithpaintingcreatesaharmoniousbalancebetweentextandimage,enrichingthevisualandconceptualaspectsoftheartwork.CalligraphyinChinesepaintingoftenincludesinscriptionssuchastheartist'sname,date,orpoeticversesthatprovidecontext,expressemotions,orconveyphilosophicalideas.Thebrushstrokesandinktonesofcalligraphycomplementthepainting,creatingacohesiveandmulti-layeredartisticexpression.Additionally,calligraphyshowcasestheartist'sskillandpersonalstyle,furtherenhancingtheoverallaestheticvalueofthepainting.3.DiscusstheroleoftraditionalChinesepaintingincontemporaryart.Answer:TraditionalChinesepaintingcontinuestoplayasignificantroleincontemporaryart,servingasasourceofinspiration,amediumforculturalpreservation,andabridgebetweentraditionandmodernity.Contemporaryartistsoftendrawuponthetechniques,themes,andphilosophicalconceptsoftraditionalChinesepaintingtocreateinnovativeandmeaningfulworks.Theemphasisonpersonalexpression,theuseofinkandbrush,andtheexplorationofnatureandspiritualityintraditionalChinesepaintingresonatewithcontemporaryartistswhoseektoconnectwiththeirculturalheritagewhilepushingartisticboundaries.Additionally,traditionalChinesepaintingprovidesa