2024年中考英语（甘肃兰州）第三次模拟考试（含答案）

2024年中考第三次模拟考试（甘肃兰州卷）（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：90分）注意事项：1.全卷共90分，考试时间90分钟。2.考生必须将姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号等个人信息填（涂）写在答题卡上。3.考生务必将答案直接填（涂）写在答题卡的相应位置上。一、完形填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。Nooneisbornawinner.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersby1ownefforts.Ilearnedthislessonfromanexperiencemanyyearsago.ItooktheheadcoachingjobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasasmallschool2aweakfootballprogram.Itwasatraditionfortheschool’soldteamtoplayagainstthenewteamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn’teven3forthegame.Beingthecoachofthenewteam,Iwas4becauseIknewweweresuretowin.Butunluckily,weweredefeated(打败).Icouldn’tbelieveIhadgotintosuchasituation.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto5thatmyteammightnotbethenumberoneteaminGeorgia,buttheyweredependingonme.Ihadtochangemyattitude(态度)abouttheirabilities.IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildconfidence.Themost6thingisthatIbegantotreatthemlikewinners.Thatsummer,whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheirvacations,wemeteverydayand7passingandkickingthefootball.Sixmonthsaftersuffering(遭受)ourdefeat,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedtoimprove.8,wefacedthenumberoneteam.Ifeltthatwewouldbewinners9welostthegame.Butthatwasn’twhathappened.MyboysbeatthebestteaminGeorgia,givingmethemostexcitingmomentofmylife!Fromtheexperience,Ilearnedalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercanmakeadifferencetoateam.Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,I10andencouragedthem.Ihelpedthemtoseethemselvesdifferentlyandtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.Winnersaremade,notborn.1.A.my B.your C.our D.their2.A.of B.for C.with D.about3.A.prepare B.wait C.ask D.look4.A.moved B.excited C.worried D.surprised5.A.realize B.care C.forget D.solve6.A.angry B.important C.possible D.difficult7.A.minded B.suggested C.avoided D.practiced8.A.Finally B.Suddenly C.Luckily D.Seriously9.A.assoonas B.aslongas C.evenif D.sothat10.A.pushed B.invited C.left D.found二、阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面三段材料，根据材料内容和要求，从题后所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。ASavethedate!ThecomingWorldCleanupDayisonSeptember20Let’sdoit!Whatwillhappenifeveryonekeepspickingupatleastonepieceoflitter?WorldCleanupDayonSep.16,2023broughttogether19.1millionvolunteersin198countriesandareas.219tonsofwastewascleanedup.Thebestresultsinfouryears!AboutWorldCleanupDayWhatisit?WorldCleanupDayisheldonthethirdSaturdayinSeptembereveryyear.Volunteersin180countriesand37areasfightagainsttheglobal(全球的)rubbishproblemandcleanupwaste.Itistoconnecttheglobalcommunity,raiseawareness,andbringtruechangetoachievethefinalgoal—acleanandhealthyplanet.Whydopeoplejoininthecleanupactivities?●Bycleaninguplitterandpollution,theycanmakearealdifferencetotheirlocalcommunitiesandeventheplanet.●Bepartoftheworld'slargestvolunteerevent.●It’sfreeandfun!Whatcanyoudo?●Pickuplitterinyourlocalparksorneighborhoods.●Workoncleaningupriversorbeaches.●Helptoprotectwildlife.●Organizecleanupeffortsinyourcommunities,likegivingspeeches.Howtojoinus?√Takepartinlocalcleanupeventsorganizedbycommunitygroups.√Organizeyourcleanupeventsandinvitefriendsandfamilytojoinyou.BethereonSeptember20tocleantheworld!11.Everyyear,theWorldCleanupDayison________.A.September16 B.September20C.thefirstSaturdayinSeptember D.thethirdSaturdayinSeptember12.ThenumbersoftheWorldCleanupDayof2023showsits________.A.development B.challenges C.success D.difficulties13.TheWorldCleanupDaywassetupto________.A.getpeopletoworktogetherforacleanerearthB.helppeoplelearnmoreaboutothercountriesC.raisemoneytohelpkeeptheearthcleanD.tellpeopleabouttheglobalrubbishproblems14.WhatdoesthepostersuggestdoingfortheWorldCleanupDay?A.Stopthrowingawayrubbish.B.Stopusingplasticproducts.C.Pickuprubbisharoundyou.D.Readmorebooksaboutenvironment.15.What’sthepurposeoftheposter?A.TointroducethehistoryoftheWorldCleanupDay.B.Tocallonpeopletojoinintheworldcleanupactivities.C.ToexplainwhyweneedtheWorldCleanupDay.D.Tothankpeopleforhelpingcleanuptheworldin2023.BMakingElectronicsThinkThereisonethingintheworldthat’ssmallerthanyourfingernail.Butwithoutit,almostallofourelectronicproductsmightnotwork.It’sthemicrochip(芯片)!Itisoneofthemostimportantinventionsinhumanhistory.Howmuchdoyouknowaboutmicrochips?Herearesomebasicsforyoutolearnit.Whataremicrochips?Microchipsaren’tpotatochips!Theyareverytinyelectronicdevices(设备)thatpeopleusetostoreandmanageinformation.Therearemainlytwotypesofmicrochips:logicchipsandmemorychips.Logicchipsarelikethe“brain”ofelectronicdevices-theydealwithinformationtofinishatask.Memorychipsstoreinformation.Howaremicrochipsused?Microchipsareineverythingelectricalfromcomputerstocellphones,TVs,cameras,cars,airplanes,appliancesandmedicalequipment.MicrochipsarealsousedinGPStrackingdevicesandidentificationcardsandareusedtokeeptrackofactivitiesandinformation.Microchipstakeandprocessdigitalinformationandmakeitusablestraightaway.Forexample,aCentralProcessingUnit(CPU),orprocessor,isthemainchipinacomputer.It’sresponsibleforcarryingoutallthecomputer’stasks.Howsmallcanmicrochipsbe?Onemicrochipissmallerthanabuttononyourshirtbutithasbillionsoftransistors(晶体管).Soit’seasytounderstandjusthowsmallthefeaturesonachipneedtobe.Chipfeaturesaremeasuredinnanometers(纳米).Ananometerisonebillionthofameter.Thesmallerthefeaturesinthepatternscreated,themoretransistorscanfitonachip,andthemorethechipcando.16.Whatmakeselectronicsthinkaccordingtothepassage?A.Microchips. B.Computers. C.GPS. D.Brains.17.Howmanytypesofmicrochipsarementionedinthepassage?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.18.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Microchipsareineverything.B.Logicchipsareusedtostoreinformation.C.Abuttononyourshirthasbillionsoftransistors.D.CPUisresponsibleforcarryingoutallthecomputer’stasks.19.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thesizeofthemicrochips. B.Thekindsofthemicrochips.C.Thepriceofthemicrochips. D.Theusageofthemicrochips.20.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoumostlikelyreadthetext?A.Science. B.Fashion. C.Health. D.CultureCYoumaynotrealizeit,butyouaredoingmuchmorethanjuststudyingwhenyouareatschool.Schoolisalsotheplacewhereyoulearntogetonwellwithpeople.Butthisisnotalwayseasy.Whatcanyoudoifyoujustdon’tlikeoneofyourclassmates?Ifyoudiscoverthatyouhaveproblemsgettingonwithyourclassmatesorfriends,themostimportantthingtolearnistolerance.Toleranceistheabilitytorealizeandrespectthedifferencesinothers.Wecannotchangethewaythatotherpeopledo,soitisimportanttolearntolivehappilywiththem.Tolerancewillmakeeveryonegetonbetterwitheachother.Gettingtoknowsomeonemayhelpyouunderstandwhytheydothingsdifferently.Somethingdifferentdoesnotexactlymeanthatitisbad.Toleranceteachesustokeepatemperateandopenmind.Youneedtorememberanoldsaying,“Treatothershowyouwanttobetreated”.Ifyoutoleratesomething,itdoesnotmeanthatyouhavetolikeit.Nooneisaskingyoutochangewhoyouareorwhatyoubelievein.Tolerancejustmeansthatyoushouldrespectthedifferencesinothersandnottrytomakethemchange.Itisimportanttopracticetolerance,becauseitwillmakeeveryone’slifeeasier.Learntoacceptpeoplefortheirdifferentabilitiesandinterests.Theworldisverydifferent,andpracticingtoleranceinyourownschoolandcitycanhelpmakeadifference.21.Thispassageistryingtotellus_______.A.what’simportantforastudentB.whatstudentsshoulddoatschoolC.howtotreatpeopledifferentfromusD.howtogetotherstodothingsintherightway22.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthatatschool________.A.it’seasierforsomeonetohateothersB.gettingalongwithothersisnotagreatdealC.moststudentsaregettingonwellwitheachotherD.studentsarelearningotherthingsbesidesstudying23.Whatistoleranceaccordingtothepassage?A.Acceptpeopleastheyare.B.Believeyouarealwaysright.C.Expecteverybodytobethesame.D.Changeyourselftopleaseotherpeople.24.WhichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinParagraph3?A.gentle B.impolite C.active D.responsible25.Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat_______.A.tolerancecanonlybelearntatschoolB.livingwithpeopleofthesameinterestsiseasierC.practicingtoleranceatschoolcanhelpmakeabetterworldD.peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentinterestsandabilities三、任务型完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次）appear,meeting,style,much,they,wear,customer,from,choose,laterPeople’sopinionsaboutdressingarechangingallthetime.Intheveryolddays,peopledressedtoprotect26bodieswellonly.Theyusedanimalskinsandtreeleavestomakeclothes.27,theyfoundthatsuitableclothescanmakewomenprettierandmenmorehandsome.Slowly,dressingbecomesfashionable.That’sthereasonwhypeoplespendmuchmoneyonclothesnowadays.Withthehelpoffashiondesigners,manydifferentstylesofclothes28everyday.Whenyouwalkalongthestreetintownsorcities,youmayfindmanynew29ofclothesintheshopseasily,30silkscarves,leatherjacketstocottonblousesandsoon.Ofcourse,everyonelikesto31theirownwaysofdressing.Perhapsthe32popularclothesamongallthestylesarecasualones,suchasacottonshirt.Itfeelssoftandsmooth.Sotheyoungandtheoldbothenjoy33it.Butsometimeswehavetowearformalclothes.Whenpoliceofficersareatwork,theymustwearuniforms.Bankclerks(职员)wearuniformswhenthey’reservingtheir34.Businessmenneedtowearformalclotheswhenthey’rehavingabusiness35.Differentpeopleweardifferentclothes.Asthesayinggoes,“You’rewhatyouwear.”四、任务型阅读理解（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面的小题。LifeinAncientTimesThefirstChina-CentralAsiaSummit(中国-中亚峰会)washeldinXi’an,ChinaonMay18and19,2023.Xi’anwastheTangDynasty’scapital(calledChang’anthen)andwasalsothestartingpointoftheSilkRoad.Asoneofthemostcosmopolitan(国际化的)citiesintheworldatthattime,Chang’anhadover1millionpeopleinthecity,and200,000ofthemwereforeigners.MostofthemcamealongwayalongtheSilkRoad.Theybroughttheirfood,goods,artsandfashion.①ForeignfashionableclotheswerepopularinChang’an.Theyalwayshadclose-fittingsleevesandturn-downcollars.CentralAsianandPersianpeopleworethesekindsofclothes.PeopleinChang’anlikedtowearthem,too.YummyfoodInChang’an,thereweremanykindsofdeliciousfoodsbroughtbypeoplealongtheSilkRoad.Hubingwasoneofthem.It’sakindofpancakewithsesameseedsonit.TravelersontheSilkRoadlikedtoeatitandbroughtittoChang’an.ColorfulartsDancersfromCentralAsiawerebigstarsinChang’an.Theycouldwhirl(旋转)veryfastonasmallcarpet.Fromtheemperortocommonpeople,everyoneinthecityenjoyedthedance.ManymusiciansfromCentralAsiapreferredplayingtheharpandpipa.36.WhichcitywasthestartingpointoftheSilkRoad?37.请结合文意，在①处填入适当内容，使上下文通顺、连贯。38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”referto(指代)?39.Whoenjoyedthewhirlingdance?40.IfyoucouldgobacktoTangDynasty,wouldyouliketoliveinChang'an?Whyorwhynot?五、词汇考查（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。41.Emilyhadno(choose)buttowaitforhermothertoopenthedoor.42.BothLindaandI(like)coffeeverymuch.43.Myauntbecameanurseinher(twenty)andshestilllovesherjobnow.44.Thepenonthetableis(she),notmine.45.Itis(possible)tofinishthedifficulttaskinsuchashorttime.46.Ithoughtshemightbe(interest)inPaul’sproject.47.The(long)riverinAfricaistheNile.48.Allofthestudentsstopped(talk)whentheteachercameintotheclassroom.49.OurEnglishteacheroftenencouragesusto（study）hard.50.(make)surethatyouanswerallpartsofthequestions.六、书面表达（满分15分）青少年应勤于反思，在自我反思中正确认识自己、不断完善自己。请以“Self-reflectionMakesMeBecomeBetter”为题，结合自己的成长历程，从学习、运动、劳动等方面，用英语写一篇短文。内容包括：（1）结合实际，谈谈自我反思的重要性；（2）列举自身存在的至少一个优点，并据此提出如何保持优点的方法；（3）列举自身存在的至少一处不足，并据此提出如何改进不足的方法；（4）发出自我反思的倡议。写作要求：（1）语言流畅，层次清晰，内容可以适当发挥；（2）词数80以上，开头部分已经给出，不计入总词数；（3）书写规范，卷面整洁；（4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。参考词汇：self-reflectionn.自我反思reflectonsth.反思（往事）Self-reflectionMakesMeBecomeBetterWeteenagersshouldalwaysreflectonthepastbecauseself-reflectionmakesusbecomebetter.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024年中考第三次模拟考试（甘肃兰州卷）英语（全解全析）（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：90分）注意事项：1.全卷共90分，考试时间90分钟。2.考生必须将姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号等个人信息填（涂）写在答题卡上。3.考生务必将答案直接填（涂）写在答题卡的相应位置上。一、完形填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。Nooneisbornawinner.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersby1ownefforts.Ilearnedthislessonfromanexperiencemanyyearsago.ItooktheheadcoachingjobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasasmallschool2aweakfootballprogram.Itwasatraditionfortheschool’soldteamtoplayagainstthenewteamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn’teven3forthegame.Beingthecoachofthenewteam,Iwas4becauseIknewweweresuretowin.Butunluckily,weweredefeated(打败).Icouldn’tbelieveIhadgotintosuchasituation.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto5thatmyteammightnotbethenumberoneteaminGeorgia,buttheyweredependingonme.Ihadtochangemyattitude(态度)abouttheirabilities.IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildconfidence.Themost6thingisthatIbegantotreatthemlikewinners.Thatsummer,whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheirvacations,wemeteverydayand7passingandkickingthefootball.Sixmonthsaftersuffering(遭受)ourdefeat,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedtoimprove.8,wefacedthenumberoneteam.Ifeltthatwewouldbewinners9welostthegame.Butthatwasn’twhathappened.MyboysbeatthebestteaminGeorgia,givingmethemostexcitingmomentofmylife!Fromtheexperience,Ilearnedalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercanmakeadifferencetoateam.Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,I10andencouragedthem.Ihelpedthemtoseethemselvesdifferentlyandtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.Winnersaremade,notborn.1.A.my B.your C.our D.their2.A.of B.for C.with D.about3.A.prepare B.wait C.ask D.look4.A.moved B.excited C.worried D.surprised5.A.realize B.care C.forget D.solve6.A.angry B.important C.possible D.difficult7.A.minded B.suggested C.avoided D.practiced8.A.Finally B.Suddenly C.Luckily D.Seriously9.A.assoonas B.aslongas C.evenif D.sothat10.A.pushed B.invited C.left D.found【答案】1.D2.C3.A4.B5.A6.B7.D8.A9.C10.A【解析】本文主要讲述了作者从自己的一次经历中意识到领导者的态度对队员有影响，没有人是天生的赢家，通过自己的努力总会成功。1.句意：人们通过自己的努力使自己成为胜利者。my我的；your你的；our我们的；their他们的。根据“Peoplemakethemselvesintowinners”可知是通过他们的努力成为获胜者。故选D。2.句意：那是一所足球项目薄弱的小学校。of……的；for为了；with和；about官员。根据“aweakfootballprogram.”可知此处表示有一个薄弱的足球项目，用介词with。故选C。3.句意：这支老球队没有教练，他们甚至没有为比赛做准备。prepare准备；wait等待；ask问；look看。根据“forthegame.”可知是为比赛做准备。故选A。4.句意：作为新球队的教练，我很兴奋，因为我知道我们一定会赢。moved感动的；excited兴奋的；worried担心的；surprised吃惊的。根据“becauseIknewweweresuretowin”可知知道自己会赢，所以很兴奋。故选B。5.句意：仔细想想，我意识到我的球队可能不是佐治亚州的头号球队，但他们依赖我。realize意识到；care关心；forget忘记；solve解决。根据“thatmyteammightnotbethenumberoneteaminGeorgia”可知是意识到自己的球队可能不是最好的球队。故选A。6.句意：最重要的是，我开始把他们当成胜利者。angry生气的；important重要的；possible可能的；difficult困难的。根据“Ibegantotreatthemlikewinners.”可知重要的是把他们当作胜利者。故选B。7.句意：那年夏天，当其他球队享受假期时，我们每天都会见面，练习传球和踢球。minded介意；suggested建议；avoided避免；practiced练习。根据“passingandkickingthefootball.”可知是每天练习传球和踢球。故选D。8.句意：最后，我们面对的是排名第一的球队。Finally终于；Suddenly突然；Luckily幸运地；Seriously严肃地。根据“wefacedthenumberoneteam”可知是最后和排名第一的球队对战。故选A。9句意：我觉得即使我们输了比赛，我们也会成为赢家。assoonas一……就；aslongas只要；evenif即使；sothat目的是。根据“wewouldbewinners...welostthegame.”可知是即使输掉了比赛，也是胜利者。故选C。10.句意：我没有把我的孩子们看作失败者，而是督促他们，鼓励他们。pushed推；invited邀请；left离开；found发现。根据“andencouragedthem”可知是指推动他们进步，鼓励他们。故选A。二、阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面三段材料，根据材料内容和要求，从题后所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。ASavethedate!ThecomingWorldCleanupDayisonSeptember20Let’sdoit!Whatwillhappenifeveryonekeepspickingupatleastonepieceoflitter?WorldCleanupDayonSep.16,2023broughttogether19.1millionvolunteersin198countriesandareas.219tonsofwastewascleanedup.Thebestresultsinfouryears!AboutWorldCleanupDayWhatisit?WorldCleanupDayisheldonthethirdSaturdayinSeptembereveryyear.Volunteersin180countriesand37areasfightagainsttheglobal(全球的)rubbishproblemandcleanupwaste.Itistoconnecttheglobalcommunity,raiseawareness,andbringtruechangetoachievethefinalgoal—acleanandhealthyplanet.Whydopeoplejoininthecleanupactivities?●Bycleaninguplitterandpollution,theycanmakearealdifferencetotheirlocalcommunitiesandeventheplanet.●Bepartoftheworld'slargestvolunteerevent.●It’sfreeandfun!Whatcanyoudo?●Pickuplitterinyourlocalparksorneighborhoods.●Workoncleaningupriversorbeaches.●Helptoprotectwildlife.●Organizecleanupeffortsinyourcommunities,likegivingspeeches.Howtojoinus?√Takepartinlocalcleanupeventsorganizedbycommunitygroups.√Organizeyourcleanupeventsandinvitefriendsandfamilytojoinyou.BethereonSeptember20tocleantheworld!11.Everyyear,theWorldCleanupDayison________.A.September16 B.September20C.thefirstSaturdayinSeptember D.thethirdSaturdayinSeptember12.ThenumbersoftheWorldCleanupDayof2023showsits________.A.development B.challenges C.success D.difficulties13.TheWorldCleanupDaywassetupto________.A.getpeopletoworktogetherforacleanerearthB.helppeoplelearnmoreaboutothercountriesC.raisemoneytohelpkeeptheearthcleanD.tellpeopleabouttheglobalrubbishproblems14.WhatdoesthepostersuggestdoingfortheWorldCleanupDay?A.Stopthrowingawayrubbish.B.Stopusingplasticproducts.C.Pickuprubbisharoundyou.D.Readmorebooksaboutenvironment.15.What’sthepurposeoftheposter?A.TointroducethehistoryoftheWorldCleanupDay.B.Tocallonpeopletojoinintheworldcleanupactivities.C.ToexplainwhyweneedtheWorldCleanupDay.D.Tothankpeopleforhelpingcleanuptheworldin2023.【答案】11.D12.C13.A24.C15.B【解析】本文主要介绍了世界清理日。11.细节理解题。根据“WorldCleanupDayisheldonthethirdSaturdayinSeptembereveryyear.”可知，世界清理日在每年九月的第三个星期六举行。故选D。12.推理判断题。根据“WorldCleanupDayonSep.16,2023broughttogether19.1millionvolunteersin198countriesandareas.219tonsofwastewascleanedup.Thebestresultsinfouryears!”可知，2023年9月16日的世界清洁日汇集了198个国家和地区的1910万名志愿者。清理垃圾219吨。这些数字展示了它的成功，故选C。13.细节理解题。根据“Itistoconnecttheglobalcommunity,raiseawareness,andbringtruechangetoachievethefinalgoal—acleanandhealthyplanet.”可知，世界清洁日的设立是为了让人们为更清洁的地球而共同努力。故选A。14.细节理解题。根据“●Pickuplitterinyourlocalparksorneighborhoods.”可知，你可以在当地公园或社区捡垃圾。故选C。15.主旨大意题。根据“ThecomingWorldCleanupDayisonSeptember20Let’sdoit!”和“Howtojoinus?”可知，文章是为了呼吁人们加入世界清洁活动。故选B。BMakingElectronicsThinkThereisonethingintheworldthat’ssmallerthanyourfingernail.Butwithoutit,almostallofourelectronicproductsmightnotwork.It’sthemicrochip(芯片)!Itisoneofthemostimportantinventionsinhumanhistory.Howmuchdoyouknowaboutmicrochips?Herearesomebasicsforyoutolearnit.Whataremicrochips?Microchipsaren’tpotatochips!Theyareverytinyelectronicdevices(设备)thatpeopleusetostoreandmanageinformation.Therearemainlytwotypesofmicrochips:logicchipsandmemorychips.Logicchipsarelikethe“brain”ofelectronicdevices-theydealwithinformationtofinishatask.Memorychipsstoreinformation.Howaremicrochipsused?Microchipsareineverythingelectricalfromcomputerstocellphones,TVs,cameras,cars,airplanes,appliancesandmedicalequipment.MicrochipsarealsousedinGPStrackingdevicesandidentificationcardsandareusedtokeeptrackofactivitiesandinformation.Microchipstakeandprocessdigitalinformationandmakeitusablestraightaway.Forexample,aCentralProcessingUnit(CPU),orprocessor,isthemainchipinacomputer.It’sresponsibleforcarryingoutallthecomputer’stasks.Howsmallcanmicrochipsbe?Onemicrochipissmallerthanabuttononyourshirtbutithasbillionsoftransistors(晶体管).Soit’seasytounderstandjusthowsmallthefeaturesonachipneedtobe.Chipfeaturesaremeasuredinnanometers(纳米).Ananometerisonebillionthofameter.Thesmallerthefeaturesinthepatternscreated,themoretransistorscanfitonachip,andthemorethechipcando.16.Whatmakeselectronicsthinkaccordingtothepassage?A.Microchips. B.Computers. C.GPS. D.Brains.17.Howmanytypesofmicrochipsarementionedinthepassage?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.18.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Microchipsareineverything.B.Logicchipsareusedtostoreinformation.C.Abuttononyourshirthasbillionsoftransistors.D.CPUisresponsibleforcarryingoutallthecomputer’stasks.19.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thesizeofthemicrochips. B.Thekindsofthemicrochips.C.Thepriceofthemicrochips. D.Theusageofthemicrochips.20.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoumostlikelyreadthetext?A.Science. B.Fashion. C.Health. D.Culture【答案】16.A17.B18.D19.A20.A【解析】本文主要介绍了芯片的重要性、种类和功能，以及其小巧的尺寸和先进的制造技术。16.细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Therearemainlytwotypesofmicrochips:logicchipsandmemorychips.Logicchipsarelikethe“brain”ofelectronicdevices-theydealwithinformationtofinishatask.”可知，芯片会让电子元件思考。故选A。17细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Therearemainlytwotypesofmicrochips:logicchipsandmemorychips.”可知，文章谈到了两种芯片。故选B。18.细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Forexample,aCentralProcessingUnit(CPU),orprocessor,isthemainchipinacomputer.It’sresponsibleforcarryingoutallthecomputer’stasks.”可知，中央处理器负责执行计算机的所有任务。故选D。19.主旨大意题。根据“Howsmallcanmicrochipsbe?”可知，本段主要讲的是芯片的大小。故选A。20.推理判断题。本文主要讨论了芯片的技术细节、它在现代电子产品中的广泛应用以及它的尺寸和制造工艺，这些都是科技类杂志关注的重点内容，所以本文可能会在杂志的科技、电子产品部分看到。故选A。CYoumaynotrealizeit,butyouaredoingmuchmorethanjuststudyingwhenyouareatschool.Schoolisalsotheplacewhereyoulearntogetonwellwithpeople.Butthisisnotalwayseasy.Whatcanyoudoifyoujustdon’tlikeoneofyourclassmates?Ifyoudiscoverthatyouhaveproblemsgettingonwithyourclassmatesorfriends,themostimportantthingtolearnistolerance.Toleranceistheabilitytorealizeandrespectthedifferencesinothers.Wecannotchangethewaythatotherpeopledo,soitisimportanttolearntolivehappilywiththem.Tolerancewillmakeeveryonegetonbetterwitheachother.Gettingtoknowsomeonemayhelpyouunderstandwhytheydothingsdifferently.Somethingdifferentdoesnotexactlymeanthatitisbad.Toleranceteachesustokeepatemperateandopenmind.Youneedtorememberanoldsaying,“Treatothershowyouwanttobetreated”.Ifyoutoleratesomething,itdoesnotmeanthatyouhavetolikeit.Nooneisaskingyoutochangewhoyouareorwhatyoubelievein.Tolerancejustmeansthatyoushouldrespectthedifferencesinothersandnottrytomakethemchange.Itisimportanttopracticetolerance,becauseitwillmakeeveryone’slifeeasier.Learntoacceptpeoplefortheirdifferentabilitiesandinterests.Theworldisverydifferent,andpracticingtoleranceinyourownschoolandcitycanhelpmakeadifference.21.Thispassageistryingtotellus_______.A.what’simportantforastudentB.whatstudentsshoulddoatschoolC.howtotreatpeopledifferentfromusD.howtogetotherstodothingsintherightway22.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthatatschool________.A.it’seasierforsomeonetohateothersB.gettingalongwithothersisnotagreatdealC.moststudentsaregettingonwellwitheachotherD.studentsarelearningotherthingsbesidesstudying23.Whatistoleranceaccordingtothepassage?A.Acceptpeopleastheyare.B.Believeyouarealwaysright.C.Expecteverybodytobethesame.D.Changeyourselftopleaseotherpeople.24.WhichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinParagraph3?A.gentle B.impolite C.active D.responsible25.Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat_______.A.tolerancecanonlybelearntatschoolB.livingwithpeopleofthesameinterestsiseasierC.practicingtoleranceatschoolcanhelpmakeabetterworldD.peopleindifferentcountries