2026年高考英语二轮培优必刷卷04（全国二卷）（解析版）

1/2试卷第=page22页，共=sectionpages2222页绝密★启用前2026年高考二轮培优必刷卷04英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项： 1.

答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2.

选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔记清楚。3.

请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.

作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.

保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Snowy.【答案】B【原文】W:Itwassunnyandwarmyesterdaybutthewindisreallyblowinghardnow.M:Yeah,I’mwearingmyheavyjacket.Lookatthesky.Itisgoingtosnowaccordingtotheweatherforecast.2.Whatdoesthewomanexpecttodoatthisweekend?A.Readanarticle. B.Reviewanarticle. C.Watchamovie.【答案】C【原文】M:You’vebeenstudyingforhoursonend.What’sup?W:Thisarticleistotallyovermyhead.Still,IhavetowriteareviewofitifIwanttofreeupsometimetogotothecinemaforthisweekend.3.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Acarsalesman. B.Acustomer. C.Arepairman.【答案】C【原文】W:Hello,isthatAdamsAutoRepairShop?M:Yes.CanIhelpyou?W:Yes.ThisisAmanda.I’mcallingyouaboutmycar.WhencanIpickitup?M:I’mmendingitrightnow.It’llbereadyat2:00thisafternoon.4.HowisIsabelprobablyfeelingnow?A.Angry. B.Disappointed. C.Puzzled.【答案】B【原文】M:Isabel,youlooksohappycookingtoday!W:Yeah,Julia’scomingtodinnerwithus.M:Actually,shejustcalledme.Shewon’tmakeitbecausehermomsuddenlygotsick.W:Ohno,that’sterribletohear!5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Apost. B.Acandidate. C.Acollege.【答案】B【原文】M:RobertCroftworkedinAfricaforthreeyearsandjoinedacollegeasalecturer.W:Heseemsthemostsuitablepersonforthepost.M:OK,let’shavehimin.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段对话，回答6至7题。6.Whydidthewomanparticipateinthefallharvestactivityyesterday?A.Tocompleteaschooltask. B.Tocontributetothecommunity.C.Tolearnaboutfarmingtechniques.7.Whichtaskrequiresmorevolunteers?A.Pickingapples. B.Harvestingpumpkins. C.Packagingtheproduce.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】M:Hi,Emily,Iheardyouvolunteeredforthefallharvestactivityyesterday.Whatinspiredyoutogetinvolved?W:Yes.Isignedupafewweeksago.I’vealwayshadthedesiretolendahelpinghandduringtheharvestseasonandgivebacktoourcommunity.M:That’swonderful!Whatkindoftasksdidyouendupdoing?W:Well,wespentmostofourtimepickingapplesandharvestingpumpkins.Theactivityisstillongoing.Theystillneedmorepeopletohelpwithpackingthecrops.M:Itsoundsmeaningful.Imighthavetosignupforittoo!听7段对话，回答8至10题。8.HowdidthewomantraveltoFrance?A.Byplane. B.Byship. C.Bybike.9.WhatdidthemanenjoydoinginFrance?A.Climbinghills. B.Lyingonthebeach. C.Cyclinginthecountryside.10.WhathappenedtothewomanonherlastdayinFrance?A.Shegothurt. B.Shelosthermoney. C.Shemissedhertrain.【答案】8.A9.C10.C【原文】W:So,whatdidyoudointhesummerholiday?M:IwenttoFrance.ItookmybikeoveronashipfromEngland.W:That’sfunny.IwenttoFrancetoo!ButIcaughtaplanefromLondontoNice.Wheredidyougoonyourbike?M:AfterarrivinginFrance,ItookatraintotheLoireValley.Fromthere,Icycledallaround.Ilovedridingmybikethroughthecountryside.Whataboutyou?HowwasNiceforyou?W:It’slovely,withthebeachinfrontandthehillsbehind.Istayedinafantastichotel.Itwasanoldcastle,andtheroomswerecomfortable!M:Ididn’tstayinhotels.Istayedinlocalpeople’shomes.ImetlotsofinterestingpeopleandlearnedsomuchaboutFrance.Ioftenjoinedthemfordinner,soItriedlotsoffoodIdidn’thaveathome.W:IliketochoosewhatIeat.TherearesomanyfantasticrestaurantsandshopsinNice.Iloveshoppingsomuchthatonmylastday,Iwentshoppingandforgotaboutthetime.Ididn’tcatchmytrain!听第8段对话，回答11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Relatives. B.Colleagues. C.Bossandsecretary.12.WhatwillthemandothisSaturday?A.Workextrahours. B.Pickuphiscousin. C.Dooutdooractivities.13.Whoboughtthegiftforthewoman?A.Joe. B.Lily. C.Mr.Robinson.【答案】11.B12.C13.B【原文】W:Itwillbemylastdayworkinginthisoffice.I’mgoingtomissyouall.M:Samehere.We’llmissyoursenseofhumoraroundhere.What’syourplanforthenearfuture?W:I’vedecidedtoseeknewchallengesandexploredifferentworkenvironments.I’llbespendingmostofmytimeonconstructionsites.Itmakesmefeelgoodtoputmynewideasintopractice.M:That’swhyyoustudiedarchitectureatuniversity,right?W:Exactly.MycousinJoeiscomingtovisitmetomorrow.We’regoinghikingthisSaturday.Whynotjoinus?M:Soundslikeaplan.MyworkhasbeenfinishedsofarthisFriday.Idon’thavetoworkovertimeonSaturday.Ah,Ialmostforgot.HereisapresentLilypreparedforyou.W:Sheisthenewsecretaryinourcompany.Ineverthoughtaboutthat.M:Actually,it’sourboss,Mr.Robinson’sidea.W:That’sreallytouching.听第9段对话，回答14至17题。14.Whydidthemanmisshisflight?A.Hegotlostattheairport. B.Heforgotthedeparturetime. C.Hedidn’thaveenoughtimetocatchit.15.Whatdoweknowabouttheflightthemanmissed?A.Itwasdelayed. B.Itdepartedat9o’clock. C.Itstillhaslotsofseats.16.Whereisthemannow?A.InMunich. B.InNewYork. C.InLondon.17.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Getarefund. B.Haveaflighttransfer. C.Movethemeetingonline.【答案】14.C15.B16.C17.B【原文】M:Excuseme.Hasthe9o’clockflighttoMunichleftyet?W:Itjustpushedbackfromtheterminalrightontime.M:Oh,no.Iwassupposedtobeonthatflight.IjustgotoffaplanefromManchester.TheLondonInternetairportwassobusythatwehadtowaittoland.AndIrushedbetweengatesasfastasIcouldbut...W:Well,letmeseewhatwehavehere.OurnextflighttoMunichistomorrowmorningat8:00.AndtheplanewillarriveatMunichAirportat9:30a.m.M:Thanksforchecking.ButIhaveanimportantmeetingat9:30a.m.Anditcan’tbeheldonline.ThereisnowayIcouldgettotheconferencecenterintime.IsthereanyotherwayIcangettherethisevening?W:Iamafraidnot,butIcangetyouaticketonaflighttoNewYorkat10:00a.m.withlotsofemptyseats.Soyouwillbesuretogeton.ThereisaflightfromNewYorktoMunichat11:00p.m.whichgetstoMunichat7:30a.m.AndIcouldgetyouonit.M:Okay.You’reabighelp.听下面一段独白，回答18至20题。18.Whatproblemdoesthespeakerhave?A.Shehaslosthertoes. B.Shehasextrafingers. C.Shehasonlyonehand.19.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofherselfbeforeshewenttohighschool?A.Pessimistic. B.Fortunate. C.Self-conscious.20.WhatisSinglehandedly:LearningtoUnhideandEmbraceConnection?A.Abook. B.Amovie. C.Amovement.【答案】18.C19.B20.A【原文】W:Hi,I’mRuth.Everyyear,around1in1,500babiesbornintheUnitedStateshasa“limbdifference”.Havingextrafingersortoesisthemostcommonlimbdifference.Asforme,Iwasbornmissingmylefthand.However,Iwasn’tsopessimistic.Istillplayedsports,actedintheaters,participatedinstudentgroupsandhadplaydateswithfriends.WhileIdidgetsomequestionsaboutmydisability,IhadgoodluckbecauseIwasn’tmadefunofforit.ThefactthatIwasdifferenthitmehardonmyfirstdayofhighschool.Iwas13,anagewhenkidsarealreadyveryself-conscious.ThenthechangehappenedwhenIwas38yearsold.Iworkedinanonprofitorganizationfor25years,workingwithyoungpeople,butacceptingmydisabilitysparkedapassioninmetoeducateothersaboutdisabilityaspartofdiversity,throughpublicspeakingandwriting.In2023,IpublishedSinglehandedly:LearningtoUnhideandEmbraceConnection.Itfocusesonmyjourneyofhidingandlearningtounhide,andtheneedfordisabilitytobeincludedindiversityconversations.Now,I’mbuildingaglobalmovementandcommunityaroundunhiding.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APartofSTEMlearningisseeinganddoing,andthenrecordingandanalyzingtheresults.ButnotallonlineorhomeschoolprogramsaresetuptoaccommodatescienceexperimentsorotherSTEMlearningactivities.Let’stakealookatafewmind-blowinglabsthatcanhelpbringSTEMtopicsaliveforyourchild’sonlineschoolexperience.WeatherLaboratoriesTomakelearningaboutweatheraccessibleandfun,theNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)createdalotofinformativeweatheractivitiesandvirtuallabstheyrecommendforstudentsandeducators.Infact,theirweathersciencecontentforkidsfeaturesaWeatherLabapplicationthatallowsmiddleschoolstudentstopredictweatherpatterns,andlearnwhathappenswhenoceancurrentsandairmassesinteract.Simulations(模拟)forScienceandMathItisaprojectoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulderandoneoftherichestsingledatabasesofonlinescienceinteractivesandvirtuallabs.Investigatemorethan150physics,chemistry,math,biology,andEarthsciencetopics.Availableindozensoflanguages,theinteractivesaresearchablebygradelevel,subject,andaccessibility.SpaceExplorationSimulationsTheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)featuresmanySTEMlearningactivitiesforstudentsingradesK-12.Theinteractivesimulationsarealsogamifiedandmakelearningengagingandfunforyourchild.Theappallowsuserstoexploretheuniverseandunlockstoriesoftrailblazingscientistsandtheircontributionstospaceexplorationandscience.21.Whoaretheintendedreaders?A.Parents. B.Students. C.Teachers. D.Researchers.22.WhatmakesSimulationsforScienceandMathdifferentfromtheotherlabs?A.Itcoversthemostsubjects. B.Ithasatranslationcentre.C.Itoffersgamifiedlearningexperiences. D.Itprovidesmultipletoolsforrecording.23.Whatdoallthethreelabshaveincommon?A.Theycentreonproblemsolvingskills. B.Theyfacilitateadvancedscientificresearch.C.Theyprovidevirtualscientificexploration. D.TheyhelpstudentswithSTEMprojectsfromschool.【答案】21.A22.A23.C【导语】本文是一篇应用。文章主要介绍了一些能让孩子在线学习STEM课程时更生动有趣的实验室，包括气象实验室、科学与数学模拟实验室、太空探索模拟实验室。21.推理判断题、根据第一段“ButnotallonlineorhomeschoolprogramsaresetuptoaccommodatescienceexperimentsorotherSTEMlearningactivities.Let’stakealookatafewmind-blowinglabsthatcanhelpbringSTEMtopicsaliveforyourchild’sonlineschoolexperience.(但并不是所有的在线或家庭学校课程都是为了适应科学实验或其他STEM学习活动而设置的。让我们来看看一些令人兴奋的实验室，它们可以帮助您的孩子在在线学校体验中活跃STEM主题)”可知，文章介绍这些实验室是为了孩子的在线学习，所以目标读者是家长，故选A。22.细节理解题。根据Simulations(模拟)forScienceandMath中的“ItisaprojectoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulderandoneoftherichestsingledatabasesofonlinescienceinteractivesandvirtuallabs.Investigatemorethan150physics,chemistry,math,biology,andEarthsciencetopics.Availableindozensoflanguages,theinteractivesaresearchablebygradelevel,subject,andaccessibility.(它是科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的一个项目，也是在线科学互动和虚拟实验室最丰富的单一数据库之一。调查超过150个物理、化学、数学、生物和地球科学主题。有几十种语言版本，可以根据年级、科目和可访问性进行搜索)”可知，科学和数学模拟涵盖多个学科，而其他实验室未提及如此广泛的学科范围。故选A。23.细节理解题。根据WeatherLaboratories中的“Tomakelearningaboutweatheraccessibleandfun,theNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)createdahuhofinformativeweatheractivitiesandvirtuallabstheyrecommendforstudentsandeducators.Infact,theirweathersciencecontentforkidsfeaturesaWeatherLabapplicationthatallowsmiddleschoolstudentstopredictweatherpatterns,andlearnwhathappenswhenoceancurrentsandairmassesinteract.(为了让了解天气变得更容易、更有趣，美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）为学生和教育工作者推荐了一系列信息丰富的天气活动和虚拟实验室。事实上，他们的儿童天气科学内容以一个天气实验室应用程序为特色，该应用程序允许中学生预测天气模式，并了解当洋流和气团相互作用时会发生什么)”可知，气象实验室有虚拟实验室让学生预测天气模式；Simulations(模拟)forScienceandMath“ItisaprojectoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulderandoneoftherichestsingledatabasesofonlinescienceinteractivesandvirtuallabs.(它是科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的一个项目，也是在线科学互动和虚拟实验室最丰富的单一数据库之一)”可知，科学和数学模拟是在线科学互动和虚拟实验室数据库；SpaceExplorationSimulations中的“Theinteractivesimulationsarealsogamifiedandmakelearningengagingandfunforyourchild.(互动模拟，也游戏化，使学习参与和乐趣为您的孩子)”可知，太空探索模拟实验室有互动模拟，让用户探索宇宙。综上所述，它们都提供了虚拟科学探索。故选C。BOnthewaytovacation,you’rejazzedanddistracted:“DidIpackenoughclothes?”“Didweturnofftheheater?”Thetraveldaygoesbyinarush.Goinghomeisanotherstory.Thesamethree-hourjourneyseemstodragonbetweenlayovers(中途停留),trafficandrest-stopfood.Howcanonewayfeelsodifferentfromtheother?YonasonGoldson,anauthorandethicist,explainsthatwhenwetraveltoanewplace,wetendtobeinamorepositivemindset.“There’stheexpectationthatsomethingmoreexciting,interesting,newandfuniswaitingforus,”hesays.“Thatmakesthetrippartoftheexperience.Bycontrast,thetriphomefeelsanticlimactic.”Anotherexplanationistheoncomingweightofthepost-vacationblues.Asthesayinggoes,“Timeflieswhenyou’rehavingfun.”Perhapstimecrawlswhenyou’redepressed.However,thereturntripdoesn’talwaysfeellonger.Infact,somepeoplefindthewaytothedestinationevenmoreexhausting.PsychiatristGarySmallrelatesittothe“returntripeffect,”whicharguesthatthefirstlegofatrip(outwardjourney)canfeellongerbecausewetendtounderestimatehowlongitwilltake.Wemayguessthewaytherewillgobyquickerthanitdoes,leadingtoa“violationofexpectation.”Bythereturntrip,aswe’vegottentoknowtheroute,itfeelslesschallenging.However,thiseffectusuallyoccurswhenwe’retravelingsomewhereforthefirsttime.Ifwetravelafamiliarroute,thereturntripmayinsteadfeellonger.Smallrecommendsintroducingsomenoveltyintothetriphometohelppassthetime.Thiscanincludedoingpuzzles,engaginginconversationsortakingdifferentroutestochallengeyourmind.Inaddition,youcanchangehowyoutravelaltogether.SusanSherren,founderofatravelagency,encouragesclientstoplantripswitha“bellcurve”itinerary(行程):easingintothevacation,buildinguptotheexciting,action-packeddays,thenslowingdownbeforeit’sover.Inthisway,you’renotleftfeelingexhausted.Youcanalsoplanenjoyableactivitiestolookforwardtowhenyougethometosoftenacrashlandingbackintoyournormalroutine.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anticlimactic”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Excitingandrewarding. B.Disappointingandlessdramatic.C.Fastandenjoyable. D.Dangerousandchallenging.25.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph4?A.Routefamiliaritymakestheoutwardjourneyseeminglyshorter.B.Thereturnjourneyfromafirst-timedestinationfeelsshorter.C.Theoutwardjourneyappearsshorterduetopredictabletime.D.Violationofexpectationresultsinalongerreturnjourney.26.SusanSherren’s“bellcurve”itineraryhelpsclientsto____________.A.extendthevacationwithoutextracosts B.havechancesforthrillingexperiencesC.readjusttotherhythmsofdailylife D.returnhomeonschedule27.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DoesTravelFeelLongerontheWayHome? B.HowCanWeImproveTravelExperience?C.WhatCausesExhaustioninReturnTrip? D.DoestheReturnTripLackNovelty?【答案】24.B25.B26.C27.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了为何返程旅程与去程相比会感觉不同，并给出了一些应对方法。24.词句猜测题。根据第二段“YonasonGoldson,anauthorandethicist,explainsthatwhenwetraveltoanewplace,wetendtobeinamorepositivemindset.“There’stheexpectationthatsomethingmoreexciting,interesting,newandfuniswaitingforus,”hesays.“Thatmakesthetrippartoftheexperience.Bycontrast,thetriphomefeelsanticlimactic.”(作家兼伦理学家YonasonGoldson解释说，当我们去一个新的地方旅行时，我们往往会处于一种更积极的心态。“我们期待着会有更令人兴奋、有趣、新鲜和有趣的事情等着我们，”他说。“这使旅行成为体验的一部分。相比之下，回家的旅程感觉anticlimactic。”)”可知，与去新地方旅行时的兴奋期待相比，回家之旅没有那么令人激动，是有些让人扫兴，anticlimactic意思是“令人失望的，不够精彩的”。故选B。25.细节理解题。根据第四段“However,thereturntripdoesn’talwaysfeellonger.Infact,somepeoplefindthewaytothedestinationevenmoreexhausting.PsychiatristGarySmallrelatesittothe“returntripeffect,”whicharguesthatthefirstlegofatrip(outwardjourney)canfeellongerbecausewetendtounderestimatehowlongitwilltake.Wemayguessthewaytherewillgobyquickerthanitdoes,leadingtoa“violationofexpectation.”Bythereturntrip,aswe’vegottentoknowtheroute,itfeelslesschallenging.However,thiseffectusuallyoccurswhenwe’retravelingsomewhereforthefirsttime.Ifwetravelafamiliarroute,thereturntripmayinsteadfeellonger.(然而，返程并不总是感觉更长。事实上，有些人发现去目的地的路更让人疲惫。精神病学家GarySmall将其与“返程效应”联系起来，该效应认为，旅程的第一段（去程）可能会感觉更长，因为我们往往会低估所需的时间。我们可能会猜测去那里的路比实际走得更快，从而导致“期望违背”。到了返程时，由于我们已经熟悉了路线，感觉就不那么有挑战性了。然而，这种效应通常发生在我们第一次去某个地方旅行时。如果我们走一条熟悉的路线，返程可能会感觉更长)”可知，去首次前往的目的地时，返程会感觉更短。故选B。26.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“SusanSherren,founderofatravelagency,encouragesclientstoplantripswitha“bellcurve”itinerary(行程):easingintothevacation,buildinguptotheexciting,action-packeddays,thenslowingdownbeforeit’sover.Inthisway,you’renotleftfeelingexhausted.Youcanalsoplanenjoyableactivitiestolookforwardtowhenyougethometosoftenacrashlandingbackintoyournormalroutine.(旅行社创始人SusanSherren鼓励客户规划“钟形曲线”行程：轻松进入假期，逐渐过渡到充满刺激和活动的日子，然后在假期结束前放慢脚步。这样，你就不会感到筋疲力尽。你还可以计划一些有趣的活动，期待回家后能软着陆，重新回到你的日常生活)”可知，SusanSherren的“钟形曲线”行程帮助客户重新适应日常生活的节奏。故选C。27.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Onthewaytovacation,you’rejazzedanddistracted:“DidIpackenoughclothes?”“Didweturnofftheheater?”Thetraveldaygoesbyinarush.Goinghomeisanotherstory.Thesamethree-hourjourneyseemstodragonbetweenlayovers(中途停留),trafficandrest-stopfood.Howcanonewayfeelsodifferentfromtheother?(在去度假的路上，你既兴奋又分心：“我带了足够的衣服吗？”“我们关掉加热器了吗？”旅行日匆匆而过。回家是另一回事。同样的三个小时的旅程，在中途停留、交通和休息站的食物之间似乎漫长无比。为什么一种方式会给另一种方式带来如此不同的感觉？)”可知，文章主要探讨了为何返程旅程与去程相比会感觉不同，并给出了一些应对方法。可知，A选项“DoesTravelFeelLongerontheWayHome?(回家的路上旅行感觉更久吗？)”最符合文章标题。故选A。CDr.JaneGoodall,aworld-renownedethologist,conservationist,andactivist,dedicatedherlifetofosteringadeeperunderstandingofthenaturalworld.Fromearliestchildhood,Jane’smotherencouragedherfascinationwithanimals.Oneofhermostbelovedcompanionswasastuffedtoychimpanzee,namedJubilee.Inwhathermotherreferredtoas“Jane’sfirstanimalresearchprogram,”shefoundJaneinbedwithahandfulofearthworms,tryingtounderstandhowtheycouldpossiblymovewithoutlegs.YoungJaneimmersedherselfinbooksaboutwildanimalsanddreamedofalifealongsideAfricanwildlifelikeTarzanandDr.Dolittle.Attheyoungageof23,afterhavingspentthepastfewyearsasawaitressandsecretary,shefinallyfoundawaytomakeherdreamareality.Sheeagerlyacceptedaschoolmate’sinvitationtothefamilyfarminKenyain1957andlaterventuredintowhatwasthencalledtheGombeStreamChimpanzeeReserve—embarkingonajourneythatwouldredefinetherelationshipbetweenhumansandotheranimals.Takinganunorthodoxapproach,sheimmersedherselfinthechimpanzee’shabitat.Aftermonthsoftryingtogaintheirtrust,shewasabletoexperiencetheircomplexsocietyasaneighbour,ratherthanadistantobserver.Shethenfurtherdepartedfromscientificconventionbygivingthemnamesinsteadofnumbers.Shecametounderstandthemnotonlyasaspecies,butasindividualswithpersonalities,complexminds,emotions,andlong-termbonds.Oneday,inOctober1960,shesawthechimpanzeeshenamedDavidGreybeardusegrassstemstofashiontoolsforfishinginsectsfromtheirnest.Upuntilthatenlighteningmoment,mainstreamscientiststhoughthumansweretheonlyspeciestomakeandusetools,havingdefinedusas“MantheToolmaker.”Herinsightsrockedthescientificworld.In1977,shefoundedtheJaneGoodallInstitute,spreadingherconservationvisionaroundtheworld.Recognisedasaglobalicon,Janewastheauthorofseveralbooksthathaveengagedaninternationalreadershipandtherecipientofnumeroushonours.GoodallpassedawayonOctober1,2025,aged91.Herwords,“Everyindividualhasaroletoplay.Everyindividualmakesadifference,”continuetoinspiremillionstoprotectourplanet.28.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbymentioningtheearthworms?A.Goodall’searlycuriosityaboutanimals. B.ThehardshipofGoodall’schildhood.C.Goodall’smother’steachingmethods. D.ThetypesofanimalsGoodallstudied.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unorthodox”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Traditional. B.Innovative. C.Disrespectful. D.Scientific.30.WhydidJaneGoodall’sdiscoveryaboutDavidGreybeardshockthescientificworld?A.Itdocumentedthehuntingtechniquesofchimpanzees.B.Itprovedchimpanzeescouldcommunicatewithhumans.C.Itchallengedalong-heldbeliefabouthumanuniqueness.D.Itrevealedtheemotionalbondswithinchimpanzeefamilies.31.WhatmessagedoesJaneGoodall’slifestoryconvey?A.Dreambig,achievebig. B.Stillwatersrundeep.C.Morehaste,lessspeed. D.Practicemakesperfect.【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了世界著名动物行为学家、环保主义者珍・古道尔的一生，从儿时对动物的好奇，到成年后前往非洲研究黑猩猩、打破学界固有认知，再到创立相关机构推广环保理念，展现了她对自然世界认知和生态保护事业的巨大贡献。28.细节理解题。根据第二段“Fromearliestchildhood,Jane’smotherencouragedherfascinationwithanimals.Oneofhermostbelovedcompanionswasastuffedtoychimpanzee,namedJubilee.Inwhathermotherreferredtoas‘Jane’sfirstanimalresearchprogram,’shefoundJaneinbedwithahandfulofearthworms,tryingtounderstandhowtheycouldpossiblymovewithoutlegs(幼年时期，珍的母亲就鼓励她对动物的痴迷。她最心爱的伙伴之一是一个名叫朱比利的毛绒黑猩猩玩具。在母亲口中‘珍的第一个动物研究项目’里，母亲发现珍在床上捧着一把蚯蚓，试图弄明白它们没有腿是如何移动的)”可知，提及蚯蚓是为了体现珍・古道尔早年就对动物抱有强烈的好奇心。故选A。​29.词句猜测题。根据第四段“Takinganunorthodoxapproach,sheimmersedherselfinthechimpanzee’shabitat.Aftermonthsoftryingtogaintheirtrust,shewasabletoexperiencetheircomplexsocietyasaneighbour,ratherthanadistantobserver.Shethenfurtherdepartedfromscientificconventionbygivingthemnamesinsteadofnumbers(她采取了unorthodox的方法，亲自融入黑猩猩的栖息地。经过数月努力赢得它们的信任后，她得以像邻居一样体验它们复杂的社群，而非做一个远距离的观察者。她还进一步打破科学惯例，给黑猩猩起名字而非编号)”可知，珍的研究方法和传统科学研究方式不同，是有创新性的。“unorthodox”意为“非传统的、创新的”，与Innovative含义相近。故选B。​30.细节理解题。根据第四段“Oneday,inOctober1960,shesawthechimpanzeeshenamedDavidGreybeardusegrassstemstofashiontoolsforfishinginsectsfromtheirnest.Upuntilthatenlighteningmoment,mainstreamscientiststhoughthumansweretheonlyspeciestomakeandusetools,havingdefinedusas‘MantheToolmaker.’Herinsightsrockedthescientificworld(1960年10月的一天，她看到自己命名为大卫・格雷贝尔的黑猩猩用草茎制作工具，从蚁穴中钓取昆虫。在这一具有启发意义的时刻之前，主流科学家认为人类是唯一会制造和使用工具的物种，还将人类定义为‘工具制造者’。她的发现震惊了科学界)”可知，珍的发现之所以震惊学界，是因为它挑战了“只有人类会制造使用工具”这一长期以来的固有认知。故选C。​31.推理判断题。珍・古道尔儿时就怀揣着和非洲野生动物相伴的梦想，成年后从服务员、秘书的身份，抓住机会前往肯尼亚，最终深入研究黑猩猩并取得重大科学突破，还创立机构推动环保事业，她的人生印证了“心怀远大梦想，就能取得巨大成就”的道理。故选A。​DTheageofpre-sortingmixedplasticwastemaysoonbeover.Thesecretweaponisacheapcatalyst(催化剂)targetingthemostproblematicplastic.ThefindingsaredetailedinastudypublishedinthejournalNatureChemistry.Evenafterdecadesofworldwideefforts,recyclingplasticremainsmucheasiersaidthandone.Thefrustratingrealityislargelythankstopolyolefins(聚烯烃).Humansmakeabout220milliontonsofpolyolefin-basedproductseveryyear,mostofwhicharesingle-useitemslikemilkbottles,trashbags,andjuiceboxes.However,lessthan10percentofpolyolefinproductsarerecycledannually,resultinginmountainsofwastedestinedforlandfillsorbeingburnt.That’sbecausewhileotherplasticsaretypicallybrokendownwithcatalysts,breakingdownpolyolefinisdifficultduetoitstoughcarbon-carbonmolecularbonds(分子键).“Polyolefinsdon’thaveanyweaklinks.Everybondisincrediblystrongandchemicallyunreactive,”saidYosiKratish,achemistatNorthwesternUniversity.Meanwhile,burningpolyolefinsrequirestemperaturesashighas700℃.“Everythingcanbeburned,ofcourse,”saidKratish.“Butwewantedtofindanelegantwaytoaddtheminimumamountofenergytoobtainthemaximumvalueproduct.”Apotentialsolutioncombininghydrogengasandacatalystcandeconstructpolyolefinplasticintousefulhydrocarbons,buttheprocessalsoinvolveshightemperaturesandexpensivecatalysts.ButKratish’steamfoundaworkaround.Unlikeraremetals,engineersdiscoveredthatanalternativecalledcationicnickel(阳离子镍)ischeapandeasytocollect.Othernickel-basedcatalystsincludemultiplereactionsites.Cationicnickel’ssingle-sitevariantallowsittofunctionmorelikeaprecisesharpknife.Insteadofbreakingdownallofaplastic’sstructure,thisoptionspecificallytargetsthosecarbon-carbonbondsatamuchlowertemperatureandwithhalfthehydrogengaspressure.“Thatisamazing.It’sdefinitelynotsomethinganybodyexpected”Kratishsaid.Ifproventobescalable(可规模化)andefficient,thenewcatalystcouldlargelycutdowntheneedforplasticpre-sortingwhilealsoreducingtheamountofmicroplasticsreleasedintotheenvironmenteveryday.32.Recyclingpolyolefinremainsdifficultduetoits________.A.industrialvalue B.practicalapplication C.chemicalstructure D.environmentalimpact33.Whatdoes“anelegantway”inparagraph4referto?A.Combininghydrogengaswithcationicnickel. B.Deconstructingpolyolefinsintohydrocarbons.C.Burningpolyolefinsatahightemperature. D.Breakingdownallofaplastic’sstructure.34.Whatistheadvantageofcationicnickeloverothercatalysts?A.Itavoidsmanystepsofprocessing. B.Itoperateseffectivelyatalowercost.C.Itbreaksdownalltypesofplastic. D.Itproduceshigherqualityendproducts.35.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thechallengeofrecyclingpolyolefins. B.Theprocessofbreakingcarbonbonds.C.Abasictheoryofapplyingcatalysts. D.Anewmethodofrecyclingpolyolefins.【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.D【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了聚烯烃塑料因化学结构坚固难以回收，多被填埋或焚烧。美国团队研发出廉价的阳离子镍催化剂，可低温高效分解其碳-碳键，有望终结塑料预分类，减少微塑料污染。32.细节理解题。根据第三段“That’sbecausewhileotherplasticsaretypicallybrokendownwithcatalysts,breakingdownpolyolefinisdifficultduetoitstoughcarbon-carbonmolecularbonds